يعرض 1 - 10 نتائج من 2,082 نتيجة بحث عن '"MOLINARI, Nicolas"', وقت الاستعلام: 0.85s تنقيح النتائج
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    دورية أكاديمية

    المساهمون: Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles U 1046 (PhyMedExp), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Montpellier (CHRU Montpellier), Harvard Medical School Boston (HMS), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston (BIDMC), Université de Montpellier (UM), IMAG

    المصدر: ISSN: 2110-5820 ; Annals of Intensive Care ; https://hal.science/hal-04620826Test ; Annals of Intensive Care, 2024, 14 (1), pp.91. ⟨10.1186/s13613-024-01311-4⟩.

    الوصف: International audience ; Abstract Background The objective was to compare sevoflurane, a volatile sedation agent with potential bronchodilatory properties, with propofol on respiratory mechanics in critically ill patients with COPD exacerbation. Methods Prospective study in an ICU enrolling critically ill intubated patients with severe COPD exacerbation and comparing propofol and sevoflurane after 1:1 randomisation. Respiratory system mechanics (airway resistance, PEEPi, trapped volume, ventilatory ratio and respiratory system compliance), gas exchange, vitals, safety and outcome were measured at inclusion and then until H48. Total airway resistance change from baseline to H48 in both sevoflurane and propofol groups was the main endpoint. Results Sixteen patients were enrolled and were sedated for 126 h(61–228) in the propofol group and 207 h(171–216) in the sevoflurane group. At baseline, airway resistance was 21.6cmH2O/l/s(19.8–21.6) in the propofol group and 20.4cmH2O/l/s(18.6–26.4) in the sevoflurane group, ( p = 0.73); trapped volume was 260 ml(176–290) in the propofol group and 73 ml(35–126) in the sevoflurane group, p = 0.02. Intrinsic PEEP was 1.5cmH2O(1–3) in both groups after external PEEP optimization. There was neither early (H4) or late (H48) significant difference in airway resistance and respiratory mechanics parameters between the two groups. Conclusions In critically ill patients intubated with COPD exacerbation, there was no significant difference in respiratory mechanics between sevoflurane and propofol from inclusion to H4 and H48.

    العلاقة: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/38888818; hal-04620826; https://hal.science/hal-04620826Test; https://hal.science/hal-04620826/documentTest; https://hal.science/hal-04620826/file/2022%20Jung%20et%20al.,%20Early%20and%20late%20effects%20.pdfTest; PUBMED: 38888818; PUBMEDCENTRAL: PMC11189368

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    دورية أكاديمية

    المساهمون: Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections (PCCEI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Etablissement français du don du sang Montpellier -Université de Montpellier (UM), Hôpital Saint Eloi (CHRU Montpellier), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Montpellier (CHRU Montpellier), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), CHU Montpellier, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux-Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, Hôpital Robert Debré, Hôtel-Dieu de Nantes, CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré Paris, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve CHRU Montpellier, Service de Dermatologie et Oncologie Cutanée CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Service de Génétique CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Groupe hospitalier de la région de Mulhouse et Sud-Alsace, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades AP-HP, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Hôpital de la Colombière, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant CHU - HCL (HFME), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Service de Chirurgie Pédiatrique CHU Caen, Auteur indépendant, Département de génétique Robert Debré, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré Paris, Hôpital de la Timone CHU - APHM (TIMONE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Service de génétique Angers, Université d'Angers (UA)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Université d'Angers (UA), Laboratoire Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme (Bordeaux) (U1211 INSERM/MRGM), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux (CHU de Bordeaux)

    المصدر: ISSN: 0926-9959.

    الوصف: International audience ; Background Data on dermatological manifestations of Costello syndrome (CS) remain heterogeneous and lack in validated description. Objectives To describe the dermatological manifestations of CS; compare them with the literature findings; assess those discriminating CS from other RASopathies, including cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome (CFCS) and the main types of Noonan syndrome (NS); and test for dermatological phenotype–genotype correlations. Methods We performed a 10‐year, large, prospective, multicentric, collaborative dermatological and genetic study. Results Thirty‐one patients were enrolled. Hair abnormalities were ubiquitous, including wavy or curly hair and excessive eyebrows, respectively in 68% and 56%. Acral excessive skin (AES), papillomas and keratotic papules (PKP), acanthosis nigricans (AN), palmoplantar hyperkeratosis (PPHK) and ‘cobblestone’ papillomatous papules of the upper lip (CPPUL), were noted respectively in 84%, 61%, 65%, 55% and 32%. Excessive eyebrows, PKP, AN, CCPUL and AES best differentiated CS from CFCS and NS. Multiple melanocytic naevi (>50) may constitute a new marker of attenuated CS associated with intragenic duplication in HRAS . Oral acitretin may be highly beneficial for therapeutic management of PPHK. No significant dermatological phenotype–genotype correlation was determined between patients with and without HRAS c.34G>A (p.G12S). Conclusions and Relevance This validated phenotypic characterization of a large number of patients with CS will allow future researchers to make a positive diagnosis, and to differentiate CS from CFCS and NS.

  3. 3
    دورية أكاديمية

    المساهمون: Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles U 1046 (PhyMedExp), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Montpellier (CHRU Montpellier), Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut Desbrest de santé publique (IDESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)

    المصدر: EISSN: 2574-3805 ; JAMA Network Open ; https://hal.science/hal-04587379Test ; JAMA Network Open, 2024, 7 (5), pp.e2412383. ⟨10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.12383⟩

    الوصف: International audience ; This cross-sectional study investigates changes in the number of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)–related admissions before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic in France.

  4. 4
    دورية أكاديمية

    المساهمون: Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles U 1046 (PhyMedExp), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Montpellier (CHRU Montpellier)

    المصدر: ISSN: 2077-0383 ; Journal of Clinical Medicine ; https://hal.science/hal-04528786Test ; Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2024, 13 (7), pp.2018. ⟨10.3390/jcm13072018⟩.

    الوصف: International audience ; Background: Acute heart failure (AHF) represents a leading cause of unscheduled hospital stays, frequent rehospitalisations, and mortality worldwide. The aim of our study was to develop a bedside prognostic tool, a multivariable predictive risk score, that is useful in daily practice, thus providing an early prognostic evaluation at admission and an accurate risk stratification after discharge in patients with AHF.Methods: This study is a subanalysis of the STADE HF study, which is a single-centre, prospective, randomised controlled trial enrolling 123 patients admitted to hospital for AHF. Here, 117 patients were included in the analysis, due to data exhaustivity. Regression analysis was performed to determine predictive variables for one-year mortality and/or rehospitalisation after discharge. Results: During the first year after discharge, 23 patients died. After modellisation, the variables considered to be of prognostic relevance in terms of mortality were (1) non-ischaemic aetiology of HF, (2) elevated creatinine levels at admission, (3) moderate/severe mitral regurgitation, and (4) prior HF hospitalisation. We designed a linear model based on these four independent predictive variables, and it showed a good ability to score and predict patient mortality with an AUC of 0.84 (95%CI: 0.76–0.92), thus denoting a high discriminative ability. A risk score equation was developed. During the first year after discharge, we observed as well that 41 patients died or were rehospitalised; hence, while searching for a model that could predict worsening health conditions (i.e., death and/or rehospitalisation), only two predictive variables were identified: non-ischaemic HF aetiology and previous HF hospitalisation (also included in the one-year mortality model). This second modellisation showed a more discrete discriminative ability with an AUC of 0.67 (95% C.I. 0.59–0.77).Conclusions: The proposed risk score and model, based on readily available predictive variables, are promising and useful ...

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    دورية أكاديمية
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    دورية أكاديمية
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    دورية أكاديمية

    المصدر: Educational Technology Research and Development. Jun 2021 69(3):1529-1556.

    تمت مراجعته من قبل الزملاء: Y

    Page Count: 28

    مستخلص: Medical procedures require skilled reliability, precision, and efficiency. One way in which techniques could be taught to address these requirements is through immersive tutorials in virtual reality (VR), that employ a 3D video (filmed from the first-person point-of-view [FPV]), which is then displayed through an immersive VR application (IVRA-FPV). The present study assessed the pedagogical value of the IVRA-FPV training that taught participants how to implement a lumbar puncture. This procedure was recorded and the corresponding IVRA-FPV tutorial was produced. Medical users/learners (N = 89) were subjected to a prospective randomized comparative study comprised of one group that was assigned to the traditional lecture (n = 44) and the other group to the IVRA-FPV tutorial (n = 45). Each participant was then evaluated as they demonstrated the technique on a mannequin to assess their applied learning skillset generalization. Participants that attended the traditional lecture exhibited better answers during oral examination (p < 0.001). There was a trend with no significant difference regarding the evaluation of their applied learning skillset generalization (p = 0.78 n/s). When evaluating the applied learning outcomes for implementing the lumbar puncture, the IVRA-FPV group performed the procedure more efficiently with less errors and in less time (p < 0.01). These findings suggest that the IVRA-FPV training may increase the efficiency, by which a larger number of professionals can, in a short time-period, implement techniques reliably and correctly in real-world situations, without the need for expensive equipment.

    Abstractor: As Provided

  8. 8
    دورية أكاديمية

    المؤلفون: Chabanne, Russell, Geeraerts, Thomas, Begard, Marc, Balança, Baptiste, Rapido, Francesca, Degos, Vincent, Tavernier, Benoit, Molliex, Serge, Velly, Lionel, Verdonk, Franck, Lukaszewicz, Anne-Claire, Perrigault, Pierre-François, Albucher, Jean-François, Cognard, Christophe, Guyot, Adrien, Fernandez, Charlotte, Masgrau, Aurélie, Moreno, Ricardo, Ferrier, Anna, Jaber, Samir, Bazin, Jean-Etienne, Pereira, Bruno, Futier, Emmanuel, Lagarde, Kevin, Cosserant, Bernard, Cammas, Thibaut, Pascal, Julien, Grimaldi, Florian, Laroche, Erwan, Boissy, Camille, Grobost, Romain, Pioche, Pierre-Antoine, Joffredo, Jean-Baptiste, Johanny, Audrey, Savranin, Denis, Massardier,, Julien, Levrier, Katia, Brandely, Antoine, Langlade, Isabelle, Saurel, Danielle, Rascol, Nicolas, Bailleau, Mélanie, Fayon, Julie, Vallet, Laurent, Caumon, Elodie, Rolhion, Christine, Morand, Dominique, Amat, Julien, Jean, Betty, Chabert, Emmanuel, Zerroug, Abderahim, Gabrillargues, Jean, Bourgois, Nathalie, Moisset, Xavier, Clavelou, Pierre, Vitello, Nicolas, Beilvert, Maxime, Aldige, Etienne, Mrozek, Ségolène, Delort, Francois, Naboulsi, Edouard, Tardif, Elsa, Parry, Elodie, Pommier, Maxime, Prezman-Pietri, Maud, Rousset, David, Larcher, Claire, Delamarre, Louis, Martin, Charlotte, Osinski,, Diane, Fourcade, Olivier, Olivot, Jean-Marc, Calviere, Lionel, Raposo, Nicolas, Viguier, Alain, Bonneville, Fabrice, Januel, Anne-Christine, Tall, Philippe, Michelozzi, Caterina, Darcourt, Jean, Bapteste, Lionel, Gemanar, Anisoara, Mottolese, Catherine, Silve, Roxane, Garnier, Océane, Ridolfo, Jérôme, Bouhaddjar, Mokhtar, Fendeleur, Julien, Lau, Jean Clement, Ratié, Mélanie, Costalat, Vincent, Cagnazzo, Federico, Pasqualotto, Romain, Clarencon, Frédéric, Torkomian, Grégory, Battisti, Valentine, Jozefowicz, Elsa, Kazemihru, Apolline, Henon, Hilde, Lafanechere, Aurelie, Henry, Lois, Bellet, Julie, Gaudet, Alexandre, Foltzer, Fanny, Parmentier, Laurie, Magand, Clément, Aggour, Mohamed, Pregny, Anaele, Bonnefoi, Marlène, Bruder, Nicolas, Vaisse, Camille, Bertrandy, Michele, Doukhan, Laure, Cataldi, Sophie, Imane, Inal, Verdier, Valentine, Sanchez, Didier, Dumont, Jean-Claude, Fellous, Souad, Garnier, Marc, Lavabre, Olivier, Bernstein, David, Baranger, Violaine, Thomas, Elie, Papagiannaki, Chrysanthi, Lenormand, Elisabeth, Payen, Jean-François, Zuber, Mathieu, Molinari, Nicolas

    المساهمون: Toulouse NeuroImaging Center (ToNIC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT), Pôle Anesthésie Réanimation CHU de Toulouse, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Evaluation des technologies de santé et des pratiques médicales - ULR 2694 (METRICS), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire CHU Lille (CHRU Lille), Département Neurologie CHU Toulouse, Pôle Neurosciences CHU Toulouse, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Service Neuroradiologie Diagnostique et Thérapeutique CHU Toulouse, Pôle imagerie médicale CHU Toulouse, Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles U 1046 (PhyMedExp), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Montpellier (CHRU Montpellier)

    المصدر: ISSN: 2168-6149.

    مصطلحات موضوعية: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]

    الوصف: International audience ; Importance General anesthesia and procedural sedation are common practice for mechanical thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke. However, risks and benefits of each strategy are unclear. Objective To determine whether general anesthesia or procedural sedation for anterior circulation large-vessel occlusion acute ischemic stroke thrombectomy are associated with a difference in periprocedural complications and 3-month functional outcome. Design, Setting, and Participants This open-label, blinded end point randomized clinical trial was conducted between August 2017 and February 2020, with final follow-up in May 2020, at 10 centers in France. Adults with occlusion of the intracranial internal carotid artery and/or the proximal middle cerebral artery treated with thrombectomy were enrolled. Interventions Patients were assigned to receive general anesthesia with tracheal intubation (n = 135) or procedural sedation (n = 138). Main Outcomes and Measures The prespecified primary composite outcome was functional independence (a score of 0 to 2 on the modified Rankin Scale, which ranges from 0 [no neurologic disability] to 6 [death]) at 90 days and absence of major periprocedural complications (procedure-related serious adverse events, pneumonia, myocardial infarction, cardiogenic acute pulmonary edema, or malignant stroke) at 7 days. Results Among 273 patients evaluable for the primary outcome in the modified intention-to-treat population, 142 (52.0%) were women, and the mean (SD) age was 71.6 (13.8) years. The primary outcome occurred in 38 of 135 patients (28.2%) assigned to general anesthesia and in 50 of 138 patients (36.2%) assigned to procedural sedation (absolute difference, 8.1 percentage points; 95% CI, −2.3 to 19.1; P = .15). At 90 days, the rate of patients achieving functional independence was 33.3% (45 of 135) with general anesthesia and 39.1% (54 of 138) with procedural sedation (relative risk, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.86-1.61; P = .32). The rate of patients without major periprocedural ...

  9. 9
    دورية أكاديمية

    المؤلفون: de Jong, Audrey, Bignon, Anne, Stephan, François, Godet, Thomas, Constantin, Jean-Michel, Asehnoune, Karim, Sylvestre, Aude, Sautillet, Juliette, Blondonnet, Raiko, Ferrandière, Martine, Seguin, Philippe, Lasocki, Sigismond, Rollé, Amélie, Fayolle, Pierre-Marie, Muller, Laurent, Pardo, Emmanuel, Terzi, Nicolas, Ramin, Séverin, Jung, Boris, Abback, Paer-Selim, Guerci, Philippe, Sarton, Benjamine, Rozé, Hadrien, Dupuis, Claire, Cousson, Joel, Faucher, Marion, Lemiale, Virginie, Cholley, Bernard, Chanques, Gerald, Belafia, Fouad, Huguet, Helena, Futier, Emmanuel, Azoulay, Elie, Molinari, Nicolas, Jaber, Samir, Calypso, Roman, Bouteau-Durand, Astrid, Carles, Michel, Mehdaoui, Hossen, Souweine, Bertrand, Calvet, Laure, Jabaudon, Matthieu, Rieu, Benjamin, Candille, Clara, Sigaud, Florian, Riu, Beatrice, Papazian, Laurent, Valera, Sabine, Mokart, Djamel, Chow Chine, Laurent, Bisbal, Magali, Pouliquen, Camille, de Guibert, Jean-Manuel, Tourret, Maxime, Mallet, Damien, Leone, Marc, Zieleskiewicz, Laurent, Cossic, Jeanne, Assefi, Mona, Baron, Elodie, Quemeneur, Cyril, Monsel, Antoine, Biais, Matthieu, Ouattara, Alexandre, Bonnardel, Eline, Monziols, Simon, Mahul, Martin, Lefrant, Jean-Yves, Roger, Claire, Barbar, Saber, Lambiotte, Fabien, Saint-Leger, Piehr, Paugam, Catherine, Pottecher, Julien, Ludes, Pierre-Olivier, Darrivere, Lucie, Garnier, Marc, Kipnis, Eric, Lebuffe, Gilles, Garot, Matthias, Falcone, Jeremy, Chousterman, Benjamin, Collet, Magali, Gayat, Etienne, Dellamonica, Jean, Mfam, Willy-Serge, Ochin, Evelina, Nebli, Mohamed, Tilouche, Nejla, Madeux, Benjamin, Bougon, David, Aarab, Yassir, Garnier, Fanny

    المساهمون: Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles U 1046 (PhyMedExp), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Montpellier (CHRU Montpellier), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire CHU Lille (CHRU Lille), Hypertension pulmonaire : physiopathologie et innovation thérapeutique (HPPIT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Centre d'études et de recherche sur les services de santé et la qualité de vie (CEReSS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer (NuMeCan), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes CHU Rennes = Rennes University Hospital Ponchaillou, Biologie des maladies cardiovasculaires = Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital universitaire Robert Debré Reims (CHU Reims), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Montpellier, PHRCN-18–0078 Finess 340780477, Ministère des Affaires Sociales et de la Santé

    المصدر: ISSN: 2213-2600.

    مصطلحات موضوعية: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]

    الوصف: International audience

  10. 10
    دورية أكاديمية

    المساهمون: Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Montpellier (CHRU Montpellier), Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles U 1046 (PhyMedExp), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)

    المصدر: ISSN: 2227-9059 ; Biomedicines ; https://hal.science/hal-04015885Test ; Biomedicines, 2023, 11 (3), pp.740. ⟨10.3390/biomedicines11030740⟩.

    مصطلحات موضوعية: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]

    الوصف: International audience ; (1) Background: We have previously shown that sputum rheology can discriminate between patients with COPD and other muco-obstructive lung diseases, and that it is correlated with mucin content and sputum eosinophilia. We now hypothesize that it could be a more-accurate guide than clinical evaluation for the prescription of azithromycin to prevent exacerbations of COPD and to reduce exposure to antibiotics; (2) Methods: “COPD CaRhe” is a multicentric, randomized, controlled trial comparing outcomes in two parallel arms (36 vs. 36 patients). Patients will be recruited in the university hospitals of Montpellier, Bordeaux, and Toulouse, in France, and they should have a diagnosis of COPD with frequent exacerbations (≥3/year). Enrollment will occur during a routine visit to a respiratory department, and follow-up visits will occur every 3 months for a period of 1 year. At each visit, a 3-month prescription of azithromycin will be provided to those patients who obtain a score of <70 on the Cough and Sputum Assessment Questionnaire (CASA-Q) or a critical stress score of σc > 39 on a rheological assessment of sputum, depending upon their randomization group. The primary outcome will be the number of exacerbations of COPD; (3) Discussion: By using sputum rheology, the COPD CaRhe study may provide clinicians with an objective biomarker to guide the prescription of azithromycin while reducing the cumulative exposure to macrolides.