المؤلفون: Pavlowsky, Alice, Comyn, Typhaine, Minatchy, Julia, Geny, David, Bun, Philippe, Danglot, Lydia, Preat, Thomas, Plaçais, Pierre-Yves

المساهمون: Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences de Paris (IPNP - U1266 Inserm), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), ANR-20-CE92-0047,MetabolicBrainAging,Origines métaboliques des déficits cognitifs et du déclin fonctionnel des réseaux cérébraux liés au vieillissement chez la Drosophile.(2020)

المصدر: ISSN: 0960-9822.

مصطلحات موضوعية: 3D-STED microscopy, Drosophila, brain energy metabolism, long-term memory, mitochondria motility, mushroom body, MESH: Animals, MESH: Memory, Long-Term, MESH: Mitochondrial Dynamics, MESH: Axons, MESH: Mushroom Bodies, MESH: Drosophila melanogaster, MESH: Mitochondria, MESH: Drosophila Proteins, MESH: Neurons, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]

الوصف: International audience ; Neurons have differential and fluctuating energy needs across distinct cellular compartments, shaped by brain electrochemical activity associated with cognition. In vitro studies show that mitochondria transport from soma to axons is key to maintaining neuronal energy homeostasis. Nevertheless, whether the spatial distribution of neuronal mitochondria is dynamically adjusted in vivo in an experience-dependent manner remains unknown. In Drosophila, associative long-term memory (LTM) formation is initiated by an early and persistent upregulation of mitochondrial pyruvate flux in the axonal compartment of neurons in the mushroom body (MB). Through behavior experiments, super-resolution analysis of mitochondria morphology in the neuronal soma and in vivo mitochondrial fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) measurements in the axons, we show that LTM induction, contrary to shorter-lived memories, is sustained by the departure of some mitochondria from MB neuronal soma and increased mitochondrial dynamics in the axonal compartment. Accordingly, impairing mitochondrial dynamics abolished the increased pyruvate consumption, specifically after spaced training and in the MB axonal compartment, thereby preventing LTM formation. Our results thus promote reorganization of the mitochondrial network in neurons as an integral step in elaborating high-order cognitive processes.

العلاقة: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/38642548; hal-04598658; https://u-paris.hal.science/hal-04598658Test; https://u-paris.hal.science/hal-04598658/documentTest; https://u-paris.hal.science/hal-04598658/file/PIIS0960982224003907.pdfTest; PUBMED: 38642548

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2024.03.050Test
https://u-paris.hal.science/hal-04598658Test
https://u-paris.hal.science/hal-04598658/documentTest
https://u-paris.hal.science/hal-04598658/file/PIIS0960982224003907.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Hubert, Antoine, Farkouh, Georges, Harms, Fabrice, Veilly, Cynthia, Imperato, Sophia, Mercier, Mathias, Loriette, Vincent, Rouyer, François, Fragola, Alexandra

المساهمون: Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux (UMR 8213) (LPEM), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Jacques Monod (IJM (UMR_7592)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Imagine Optic, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (NeuroPSI), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), ANR-18-CE19-0002,INOVAO,Microscopie à optique adaptative in-vivo pour la neuroscience(2018)

المصدر: ISSN: 1083-3668 ; Journal of Biomedical Optics ; https://hal.science/hal-04194677Test ; Journal of Biomedical Optics, 2023, 28 (06), pp.066501. ⟨10.1117/1.JBO.28.6.066501⟩.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Drosophila brain, adaptive optics, light-sheet microscopy, neuroimaging, MESH: Animals, MESH: Drosophila melanogaster, MESH: Calcium, MESH: Microscopy, Fluorescence, MESH: Drosophila, MESH: Neuroimaging, MESH: Brain, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]

الوصف: International audience ; Significance: Adaptive optics (AO) has been implemented on several microscopy setups and has proven its ability to increase both signal and resolution. However, reported configurations are not suited for fast imaging of live samples or are based on an invasive or complex implementation method.Aim: Provide a fast aberration correction method with an easy to implement AO module compatible with light-sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) for enhanced imaging of live samples.Approach: Development of an AO add-on module for LSFM based on direct wavefront sensing without requiring a guide star using an extended-scene Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor. The enhanced setup uses a two-color sample labeling strategy to optimize the photon budget.Results: Fast AO correction of in-depth aberrations in an ex-vivo adult Drosophila brain enables doubling the contrast when imaging with either cell reporters or calcium sensors for functional imaging. We quantify the gain in terms of image quality on different functional domains of sleep neurons in the Drosophila brain at various depths and discuss the optimization of key parameters driving AO.Conclusion: We developed a compact AO module that can be integrated into most of the reported light-sheet microscopy setups, provides significant improvement of image quality and is compatible with fast imaging requirements such as calcium imaging.

العلاقة: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/37334209; hal-04194677; https://hal.science/hal-04194677Test; https://hal.science/hal-04194677/documentTest; https://hal.science/hal-04194677/file/Enhanced-Neuroimaging-with-calcium-sensor-JBO-028-066501.pdfTest; PUBMED: 37334209; PUBMEDCENTRAL: PMC10275380

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.28.6.066501Test
https://hal.science/hal-04194677Test
https://hal.science/hal-04194677/documentTest
https://hal.science/hal-04194677/file/Enhanced-Neuroimaging-with-calcium-sensor-JBO-028-066501.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Kahn, Tatyana, G, Savitsky, Mikhail, Kuong, Chikuan, Jacquier, Caroline, Cavalli, Giacomo, Chang, Jia-Ming, Schwartz, Yuri, B

المساهمون: Umeå University, Sweden, National ChengChi University Taipei (NCCU), Institut de génétique humaine (IGH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), The work in YSC laboratory was supported in parts by grants from Swedish Research Council (2021-04435), Erik Philip-Sörensen Stiftelse, Carl Tryggers Stiftelse (CTS 12:434), and the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (2014.0018, YBS co-PI). Research in J.-M.C.’s laboratory was supported by grants from the Taiwan Ministry of Science and Technology (108-2628-E-004-001-MY3).

المصدر: ISSN: 2375-2548 ; Science Advances ; https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-04114124Test ; Science Advances , 2023, 9 (5), pp.eade0090. ⟨10.1126/sciadv.ade0090⟩.

مصطلحات موضوعية: MESH: Animals, MESH: Drosophila, MESH: Chromatin, MESH: DNA-Binding Proteins, MESH: Drosophila Proteins, MESH: Insulator Elements, MESH: Nuclear Proteins, MESH: Microtubule-Associated Proteins, MESH: CCCTC-Binding Factor, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics

الوصف: International audience ; Drosophila insulators were the first DNA elements found to regulate gene expression by delimiting chromatin contacts. We still do not know how many of them exist and what impact they have on the Drosophila genome folding. Contrary to vertebrates, there is no evidence that fly insulators block cohesin-mediated chromatin loop extrusion. Therefore, their mechanism of action remains uncertain. To bridge these gaps, we mapped chromatin contacts in Drosophila cells lacking the key insulator proteins CTCF and Cp190. With this approach, we found hundreds of insulator elements. Their study indicates that Drosophila insulators play a minor role in the overall genome folding but affect chromatin contacts locally at many loci. Our observations argue that Cp190 promotes cobinding of other insulator proteins and that the model, where Drosophila insulators block chromatin contacts by forming loops, needs revision. Our insulator catalog provides an important resource to study mechanisms of genome folding.

العلاقة: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/36735780; hal-04114124; https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-04114124Test; https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-04114124/documentTest; https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-04114124/file/sciadv.ade0090.pdfTest; PUBMED: 36735780; PUBMEDCENTRAL: PMC9897668

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.ade0090Test
https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-04114124Test
https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-04114124/documentTest
https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-04114124/file/sciadv.ade0090.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Ji, Hui, Wang, Bei, Shen, Yifan, Labib, David, Lei, Joyce, Chen, Xinchen, Sapar, Maria, Boulanger, Ana, Dura, Jean-Maurice, Han, Chun

المساهمون: Cornell University New York, Institut de génétique humaine (IGH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)

المصدر: ISSN: 0027-8424.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Orion, da neurons, Epidermal cells, Phagocytosis, Phosphatidylserine, MESH: Animals, MESH: Humans, MESH: Drosophila, MESH: Phosphatidylserines, MESH: Drosophila Proteins, MESH: Apoptosis, MESH: Phagocytosis, MESH: Neurons, MESH: Chemokines, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]

الوصف: International audience ; Phagocytic clearance of degenerating neurons is triggered by “eat-me” signals exposed on the neuronal surface. The conserved neuronal eat-me signal phosphatidylserine (PS) and the engulfment receptor Draper (Drpr) mediate phagocytosis of degenerating neurons in Drosophila . However, how PS is recognized by Drpr-expressing phagocytes in vivo remains poorly understood. Using multiple models of dendrite degeneration, we show that the Drosophila chemokine–like protein Orion can bind to PS and is responsible for detecting PS exposure on neurons; it is supplied cell-non-autonomously to coat PS-exposing dendrites and to mediate interactions between PS and Drpr, thus enabling phagocytosis. As a result, the accumulation of Orion on neurons and on phagocytes produces opposite outcomes by potentiating and suppressing phagocytosis, respectively. Moreover, the Orion dosage is a key determinant of the sensitivity of phagocytes to PS exposed on neurons. Lastly, mutagenesis analyses show that the sequence motifs shared between Orion and human immunomodulatory proteins are important for Orion function. Thus, our results uncover a missing link in PS-mediated phagocytosis in Drosophila and imply conserved mechanisms of phagocytosis of neurons.

العلاقة: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/37276397; hal-04250191; https://hal.science/hal-04250191Test; https://hal.science/hal-04250191/documentTest; https://hal.science/hal-04250191/file/Ji%20PNAS%202023%20opt.pdfTest; PUBMED: 37276397; PUBMEDCENTRAL: PMC10268242; WOS: 001038062800004

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2303392120Test
https://hal.science/hal-04250191Test
https://hal.science/hal-04250191/documentTest
https://hal.science/hal-04250191/file/Ji%20PNAS%202023%20opt.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Naït-Saïdi, Rima, Chartier, Aymeric, Abgueguen, Emmanuelle, Guédat, Philippe, Simonelig, Martine

المساهمون: Institut de génétique humaine (IGH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), ANR-17-CE12-0011,riboOPMD,ARN ribosomiques et petits ARN non-codants dans la dystrophie musculaire oculopharyngée(2017)

المصدر: EISSN: 2046-2441 ; Open Biology ; https://hal.science/hal-04121825Test ; Open Biology, 2023, 13 (4), pp.230008. ⟨10.1098/rsob.230008⟩

مصطلحات موضوعية: Drosophila model, GADD34, Icerguastat/IFB-088, OPMD, PEK/PERK, Unfolded protein response, MESH: Animals, MESH: Muscular Dystrophy, Oculopharyngeal, MESH: Muscle, Skeletal, MESH: Unfolded Protein Response, MESH: Cell Nucleus, MESH: Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, MESH: Drosophila, [SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology

الوصف: International audience ; Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD) is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by the progressive degeneration of specific muscles. OPMD is due to a mutation in the gene encoding poly(A) binding protein nuclear 1 (PABPN1) leading to a stretch of 11 to 18 alanines at N-terminus of the protein, instead of 10 alanines in the normal protein. This alanine tract extension induces the misfolding and aggregation of PABPN1 in muscle nuclei. Here, using Drosophila OPMD models, we show that the unfolded protein response (UPR) is activated in OPMD upon endoplasmic reticulum stress. Mutations in components of the PERK branch of the UPR reduce muscle degeneration and PABPN1 aggregation characteristic of the disease. We show that oral treatment of OPMD flies with Icerguastat (previously IFB-088), a Guanabenz acetate derivative that shows lower side effects, also decreases muscle degeneration and PABPN1 aggregation. Furthermore, the positive effect of Icerguastat depends on GADD34, a key component of the phosphatase complex in the PERK branch of the UPR. This study reveals a major contribution of the ER stress in OPMD pathogenesis and provides a proof-of-concept for Icerguastat interest in future pharmacological treatments of OPMD.

العلاقة: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/37042114; hal-04121825; https://hal.science/hal-04121825Test; https://hal.science/hal-04121825/documentTest; https://hal.science/hal-04121825/file/Nait-Saidi%20et%20al.2023.pdfTest; PUBMED: 37042114; PUBMEDCENTRAL: PMC10090878; WOS: 000969186000002

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1098/rsob.230008Test
https://hal.science/hal-04121825Test
https://hal.science/hal-04121825/documentTest
https://hal.science/hal-04121825/file/Nait-Saidi%20et%20al.2023.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Mallart, Charlotte, Netter, Sophie, Chalvet, Fabienne, Claret, Sandra, Guichet, Antoine, Montagne, Jacques, Pret, Anne-Marie, Malartre, Marianne

المساهمون: Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Jacques Monod (IJM (UMR_7592)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), We wish to thank Erika Bach, Jean-Paul Vincent, Anne Ephrussi, Vincent Mirouse, Véronique Brodu and Antoine Boivin for sharing fly stocks and Anne Ephrussi, Talila Volt, and Robert Edwin Ward for sharing antibodies. We are grateful to Fred Bernard for helpful discussions and Jean-René Huynh for valuable comments on the manuscript. We also thank Flybase, BDSC (Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center), VDRC (Vienna Drosophila Resource Center), DGGR (Kyoto Drosophila Stock Center), DSHB (Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank) for resources and the Imagerie-Gif core facility supported by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-11-EQPX-0029/Morphoscope, ANR-10-INBS-04/FranceBioImaging, ANR-11-IDEX-0003-02/Saclay Plant Sciences) for confocal imaging and the ImagoSeine core facility of the Institut Jacques Monod member of IBiSA and the France-BioImaging (ANR-10-INBS-04) infrastructure for EM experiments. This work was supported by a 3 year-PhD fellowship obtained from the “Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche” for CM, by the Center National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris-Saclay and Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines Universities, by a grant from the “Ligue contre le cancer” for laboratory expenses (AMP), and by a grant from the “Fondation ARC pour la recherche sur le cancer” for a year of salary expenses for CM., ANR-11-EQPX-0029,MORPHOSCOPE 2,Imagerie et reconstruction multiéchelles de la morphogenèse. (Plateforme d'innovation technologique et méthodologique pour l'imagerie in vivo et la reconstruction des dynamiques multiéchelles de la morphogenèse)(2011), ANR-10-INBS-0004,France-BioImaging,Développment d'une infrastructure française distribuée coordonnée(2010), ANR-11-IDEX-0003,IPS,Idex Paris-Saclay(2011)

المصدر: ISSN: 2041-1723.

مصطلحات موضوعية: MESH: Animals, MESH: Drosophila, MESH: Drosophila Proteins, MESH: Oocytes, MESH: Oogenesis, MESH: Germ Cells, MESH: Cell Polarity, MESH: Drosophila melanogaster, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]

الوصف: International audience ; The number of embryonic primordial germ cells in Drosophila is determined by the quantity of germ plasm, whose assembly starts in the posterior region of the oocyte during oogenesis. Here, we report that extending JAK-STAT activity in the posterior somatic follicular epithelium leads to an excess of primordial germ cells in the future embryo. We show that JAK-STAT signaling is necessary for the differentiation of approximately 20 specialized follicle cells maintaining tight contact with the oocyte. These cells define, in the underlying posterior oocyte cortex, the anchoring of the germ cell determinant oskar mRNA. We reveal that the apical surface of these posterior anchoring cells extends long filopodia penetrating the oocyte. We identify two JAK-STAT targets in these cells that are each sufficient to extend the zone of contact with the oocyte, thereby leading to production of extra primordial germ cells. JAK-STAT signaling thus determines a fixed number of posterior anchoring cells required for anterior-posterior oocyte polarity and for the development of the future germline.

العلاقة: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/38388656; hal-04595801; https://u-paris.hal.science/hal-04595801Test; PUBMED: 38388656; PUBMEDCENTRAL: PMC10883949

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-45963-zTest
https://u-paris.hal.science/hal-04595801Test

المؤلفون: Monier, Manon, Nuez, Isabelle, Borne, Flora, Courtier-Orgogozo, Virginie

المساهمون: Institut Jacques Monod (IJM (UMR_7592)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, Columbia University New York, This research was funded by CNRS as part of the MITI interdisciplinary action, “Défi Adaptation du vivant à son environnement” and from the European Research Council under the European Community’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007–2013 Grant Agreement no. 337579) to VCO. MM was supported by a PhD fellowship from “Ministère de l’Education Nationale, de la Recherche et de la Technologie” (MENRT) obtained from the BioSPC doctoral school.

المصدر: ISSN: 2730-7182.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Bioadhesive, Gene diversification, Gene duplication, Gene family, Gene loss, Gene turnover, Glue genes, Mucin, Repeat, Sgs, Synteny, MESH: Animals, MESH: Drosophila, MESH: Drosophila melanogaster, MESH: Phylogeny, MESH: Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid, MESH: Gene Dosage, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]

الوصف: International audience ; Background: During evolution, genes can experience duplications, losses, inversions and gene conversions. Why certain genes are more dynamic than others is poorly understood. Here we examine how several Sgs genes encoding glue proteins, which make up a bioadhesive that sticks the animal during metamorphosis, have evolved in Drosophila species. Results: We examined high-quality genome assemblies of 24 Drosophila species to study the evolutionary dynamics of four glue genes that are present in D. melanogaster and are part of the same gene family - Sgs1, Sgs3, Sgs7 and Sgs8 - across approximately 30 millions of years. We annotated a total of 102 Sgs genes and grouped them into 4 subfamilies. We present here a new nomenclature for these Sgs genes based on protein sequence conservation, genomic location and presence/absence of internal repeats. Two types of glue genes were uncovered. The first category ( Sgs1, Sgs3x, Sgs3e ) showed a few gene losses but no duplication, no local inversion and no gene conversion. The second group ( Sgs3b, Sgs7, Sgs8 ) exhibited multiple events of gene losses, gene duplications, local inversions and gene conversions. Our data suggest that the presence of short “new glue” genes near the genes of the latter group may have accelerated their dynamics. Conclusions: Our comparative analysis suggests that the evolutionary dynamics of glue genes is influenced by genomic context. Our molecular, phylogenetic and comparative analysis of the four glue genes Sgs1, Sgs3, Sgs7 and Sgs8 provides the foundation for investigating the role of the various glue genes during Drosophila life.

العلاقة: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/38308233; hal-04595645; https://u-paris.hal.science/hal-04595645Test; PUBMED: 38308233; PUBMEDCENTRAL: PMC10835880

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-023-02178-yTest
https://u-paris.hal.science/hal-04595645Test

المؤلفون: Sattelle, David, Culetto, Emmanuel, Grauso, Marta, Raymond, Valérie, Franks, Christopher, Towers, Paula

المساهمون: Department of Human Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK, DMTS (Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé), Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse (SPI), Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (MTS), Université Paris-Saclay-Institut des Sciences du Vivant Frédéric JOLIOT (JOLIOT), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut des Sciences du Vivant Frédéric JOLIOT (JOLIOT), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Département Alimentation Humaine - INRAE (ALIM-H), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire d'immuno-allergie alimentaire (LI2A), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (MTS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

المصدر: ISSN: 1528-2511 ; Novartis Foundation symposium ; https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-04514552Test ; Novartis Foundation symposium, 2024, 245, pp.240-57; discussion 257-60, 261-4.

مصطلحات موضوعية: MESH: Animals, MESH: Caenorhabditis elegans, MESH: Receptors, Cholinergic, MESH: Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins, MESH: Drosophila Proteins, MESH: Drosophila melanogaster, MESH: Genomics, MESH: Models, Molecular, MESH: Phylogeny, MESH: Protein Conformation, MESH: Protein Subunits, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]

الوصف: International audience ; Genetics, genomics and electrophysiology are transforming our understanding of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Caenorhabditis elegans contains the largest known family of nAChR subunit genes (27 members), while Drosophila melanogaster contains an exclusively neuronal nAChR gene family (10 members). In C. elegans, several genetic screens have enabled the identification of nAChR subunits, along with novel proteins that act upstream and downstream of functional nAChRs. The C. elegans genome project has identified many new candidate nAChR subunits and the calculated electrostatic potential energy profiles for the M2 channel-lining regions predict considerable functional diversity. The respective roles of subunits are under investigation using forward and reverse genetics. Electrophysiological and reporter gene studies have demonstrated roles for particular subunits in levamisole-sensitive muscle nAChRs and a role for nAChRs in pharyngeal pumping. Recombinant homomeric and heteromeric C. elegans nAChRs have been expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. In D. melanogaster, three new nAChR a subunits have been cloned, one of which shows multiple variant transcripts arising from alternative splicing and A-to-I pre-mRNA editing. Thus, studies on the genetic model organisms C. elegans and D. melanogaster have revealed different routes to generating molecular and functional diversity in the nAChR gene family and are providing new insights into the in vivo functions of individual family members.

العلاقة: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/12027012; hal-04514552; https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-04514552Test; PUBMED: 12027012

الإتاحة: https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-04514552Test

المؤلفون: Hashim, Omar, Charvet, Claude L., Toubaté, Berthine, Ahmed, Aimun A.E., Lamassiaude, Nicolas, Neveu, Cédric, Dimier-Poisson, Isabelle, Debierre-Grockiego, Françoise, Dupuy, Catherine

المساهمون: Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Gezira, Al-Baha University, Omdurman Islamic University, Campus France (Agence Française pour la Promotion de l'Enseignement Supérieur, l'Accueil et la Mobilité Internationale, 934152H), Federation de Recherche en Infectiologie of the Region Centre Val-de-Loire, Ministry of Higher Education-Sudan and the University of Gezira-Sudan, the Université of Tours, INRAE, American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics

المصدر: ISSN: 0026-895X ; Molecular Pharmacology ; https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03738563Test ; Molecular Pharmacology, 2022, 102 (2), pp.116-127. ⟨10.1124/molpharm.122.000499⟩ ; https://molpharm.aspetjournals.org/content/102/2/116Test.

مصطلحات موضوعية: GABA receptors, insecticides, cloning, expression profiling, MESH: Animals, MESH: Drosophila / metabolism, MESH: Humans, MESH: Insecticides* / pharmacology, MESH: Lice Infestations, MESH: Pediculus* / genetics, MESH: Pediculus* / metabolism, MESH: Phthiraptera* / metabolism, MESH: Receptors, GABA, MESH: gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]

الوصف: International audience ; Human louse Pediculus humanus is a cosmopolitan obligatory blood-feeding ectoparasite causing pediculosis and transmitting many bacterial pathogens. Control of infestation is difficult due to the developed resistance to insecticides that mainly target GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) receptors. Previous work showed that Pediculus humanus humanus (Phh) GABA receptor subunit resistance to dieldrin (RDL) is the target of lotilaner, a synthetic molecule of the isoxazoline chemical class. To enhance our understanding of how insecticides act on GABA receptors, two other GABA receptor subunits were cloned and characterized: three variants of Phh-grd (glycine-like receptor of Drosophila) and one variant of Phh-lcch3 (ligand-gated chloride channel homolog 3). Relative mRNA expression levels of Phh-rdl, Phh-grd, and Phh-lcch3 revealed that they were expressed throughout the developmental stages (eggs, larvae, adults) and in the different parts of adult lice (head, thorax, and abdomen). When expressed individually in the Xenopus oocyte heterologous expression system, Phh-GRD1, Phh-GRD2, Phh-GRD3, and Phh-LCCH3 were unable to reconstitute functional channels, whereas the subunit combinations Phh-GRD1/Phh-LCCH3, Phh-GRD1/Phh-RDL, and Phh-LCCH3/Phh-RDL responded to GABA in a concentration-dependent manner. The three heteromeric receptors were similarly sensitive to the antagonistic effect of picrotoxin and fipronil, whereas Phh-GRD1/Phh-RDL and Phh-LCCH3/Phh-RDL were respectively about 2.5-fold and 5-fold more sensitive to ivermectin than Phh-GRD1/Phh-LCCH3. Moreover, the heteropentameric receptor constituted by Phh-GRD1/Phh-LCCH3 was found to be permeable and highly sensitive to the extracellular sodium concentration. These findings provided valuable additions to our knowledge of the complex nature of GABA receptors in human louse that could help in understanding the resistance pattern to commonly used pediculicides. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Human louse is an ectoparasite that causes pediculosis and ...

العلاقة: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/35858760; hal-03738563; https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03738563Test; https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03738563/documentTest; https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03738563/file/2022_Hashim_Mol-Pharmacol_vol-102_p-116-27.pdfTest; PUBMED: 35858760

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1124/molpharm.122.000499Test
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03738563Test
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03738563/documentTest
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03738563/file/2022_Hashim_Mol-Pharmacol_vol-102_p-116-27.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Couturier, Lydie, Luna, Juan, Mazouni, Khalil, Mestdagh, Claire, Phan, Minh-Son, Corson, Francis, Schweisguth, Francois

المساهمون: Dynamique des Décisions de Développement chez la Drosophile - Dynamics of Developmental Decisions in Drosophila, Institut Pasteur Paris (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biophysique et Neuroscience Théoriques, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL), This work was supported by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche under Grants ANR-10-LABX-0073 and ANR-16-CE13-0003, Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale under Grant FRM-DEQ20180339219., ANR-10-LABX-0073,REVIVE,Stem Cells in Regenerative Biology and Medicine(2010), ANR-16-CE13-0003,ModelPattern,Signalisation et patterning: modéliser, visualiser et manipuler la spécification cellulaire(2016)

المصدر: ISSN: 1933-6934.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Cell tracking, Drosophila, HaloTag, cell fate, cell shape, imaginal disc, live imaging, morphogenesis, single cell analysis, sparse labelling, MESH: Animals, MESH: Cell Tracking, MESH: Single-Cell Analysis, MESH: Drosophila, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology

الوصف: International audience ; Multiscale analysis of morphogenesis requires to follow and measure in real-time the in vivo behaviour of large numbers of individual cells over long period of time. Despite recent progress, the large-scale automated tracking of cells in developing embryos and tissues remains a challenge. Here we describe a genetic tool for the random and sparse labelling of individual cells in developing Drosophila tissues. This tool is based on the conditional expression of a nuclear HaloTag protein that can be fluorescently labelled upon the irreversible binding of a cell permeable synthetic ligand. While the slow maturation of genetically encoded fluorescent renders the tracking of individual cells difficult in rapidly dividing tissues, nuclear HaloTag proteins allowed for rapid labelling of individual cells in cultured imaginal discs. To study cell shape changes, we also produced an HaloTag version of the actin-bound protein LifeAct. Since sparse labelling facilitates cell tracking, nuclear HaloTag reporters will be useful for the single-cell analysis of fate dynamics in Drosophila tissues cultured ex vivo.

العلاقة: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/36323649; hal-04234564; https://hal.science/hal-04234564Test; https://hal.science/hal-04234564/documentTest; https://hal.science/hal-04234564/file/HaloTag-based%20reporters%20for%20sparse%20labeling%20and%20cell%20tracking.pdfTest; PUBMED: 36323649; PUBMEDCENTRAL: PMC9635558

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1080/19336934.2022.2142460Test
https://hal.science/hal-04234564Test
https://hal.science/hal-04234564/documentTest
https://hal.science/hal-04234564/file/HaloTag-based%20reporters%20for%20sparse%20labeling%20and%20cell%20tracking.pdfTest