المؤلفون: Ambler, Kate¹ (AUTHOR), de Brauw, Alan¹ (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Economic Development & Cultural Change. Apr2024, Vol. 72 Issue 3, p1117-1150. 34p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: MEN'S attitudes, SOCIAL norms

مستخلص: Pakistan's Benazir Income Support Program is a large-scale, unconditional, government-run cash transfer program in which transfers are given to women. We study the effect of the transfers on measures of women's agency 2 and 5 years after program rollout using a discontinuity in program eligibility to identify effects. We document important but limited improvements in women's agency concentrated on measures related to mobility and voting. Men's attitudes regarding gender norms shift positively in the 2-year follow-up, but those differences disappear after 5 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Economic Development & Cultural Change is the property of University of Chicago Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Fotso, Jean Christophe¹ (AUTHOR), Cleland, John G.² (AUTHOR), Adje, Elihou O.¹ (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Population Studies. Mar2024, Vol. 78 Issue 1, p79-91. 13p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: YOUNG women, MEN'S attitudes, MONOGAMOUS relationships, CONTRACEPTION, FERTILITY, HUMAN fertility, MARRIED people, FAMILY size

مصطلحات جغرافية: CAMEROON

مستخلص: We interrogate the proposition that men's attitudes have constrained the fertility transition in Cameroon, where fertility remains high and contraceptive use low despite much socio-economic progress. We use five Demographic and Health Surveys to compare trends in desired family size among young women and men and analyse matched monogamous couple data from the two most recent surveys to examine wives' and husbands' desires to stop childbearing and their relative influence on current contraceptive use. In 2018, average desired family size was 5.6 and 5.1, for young men and women respectively, and this difference (half a child) has not changed since 1998. Among matched couples, the proportions wanting to stop childbearing were similar in wives and their husbands, but wives perceived husbands to be much more pronatalist than themselves. Surprisingly, men's own reported preferences were more closely associated with contraceptive use than wives' perceptions of husbands' preferences. We discerned little evidence that men's attitudes have impeded reproductive change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Population Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Rong Ma¹ rma@butler.edu, Xinyan Zhao¹

المصدر: Communication Monographs. Jun2024, Vol. 91 Issue 2, p301-324. 24p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *MONKEYPOX, *GAY men's attitudes, *BISEXUAL men, *HEALTH risk communication, *INFECTIOUS disease transmission, *DISEASE risk factors, *GROUP identity, *HEALTH promotion

مستخلص: To reduce the risk of transmission in the mpox outbreak, it is crucial to provide accurate, tailored, and culturally sensitive risk communication. In an online experiment (N = 372), we tested a theory-informed model on gay and bisexual men’s response to mpox risk communication focusing on the ingroup versus the general population. Gay and bisexual men who received an ingroup-framed risk message had a stronger protective behavioral intention through heightened risk perception. However, this intended effect of risk message framing was negated by an unintended effect through perceived morality threat to sexual identity and defensive processing. These effects further varied depending on participants’ level of identification with their sexuality. Findings highlight the importance of considering the social identity implications of risk communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Anduze, Samantha L.¹ (AUTHOR), Shaw, Michael T.² (AUTHOR), Jules, Bridget N.³ (AUTHOR), Ives, Emily R.⁴ (AUTHOR), McKinnon, Allison M.² (AUTHOR), Mattson, Richard E.² (AUTHOR) rmattson@binghamton.edu

المصدر: Sex Roles. Jun2024, Vol. 90 Issue 6, p742-760. 19p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *SEXUAL consent, *MEN'S attitudes, *WOMEN'S sexual behavior, *DECISION making, *SEXUAL assault

مستخلص: A woman's passive response to a sexual advance can be misconstrued by men as signaling consent when it does not. Characterological factors and situational variances may further shape how men perceive a woman's passive response and impact their sexual decisions during hookups, leading to unwanted sexual experiences for the partner. A sample of men (n = 357) completed first-person factorial vignettes depicting a sexual hookup in which a woman reacts to their partner's sexual advance passively, either with or without signs of tension. Men were asked to rate their perceptions of consent and their hypothetical likelihood of engaging in different sexual behaviors, and completed assessments that were used to extract hostile masculinity and impersonal sexual orientation factors. Consent perceptions had strong effects on men's sexual decision-making and mediated situational influences (e.g., passive response type), impersonal sexual orientation, and, to some extent, hostile masculinity; and hostile masculinity had strong direct effects on sexual decision-making irrespective of consent perceptions. Men can discriminate between passive responses and appear to calibrate their decision-making according to their perceptions of consent. Some men, however, are prone to perceive consent in passive responding irrespective of the situation, with others inclined to continue or advance intimacy without considering the woman's level of consent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Stein, Anat¹ (AUTHOR), Altman, Eran^1,2 (AUTHOR), Rotlevi, Mali¹ (AUTHOR), Seh, Donia¹ (AUTHOR), Wertheimer, Avital² (AUTHOR), Ben‐Haroush, Avi² (AUTHOR), Shufaro, Yoel² (AUTHOR) yoelshufaro@tauex.tau.ac.il

المصدر: Andrology. Feb2024, Vol. 12 Issue 2, p380-384. 5p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *MEN'S attitudes, *MEN, *FROZEN semen, *SPERMATOZOA, *MALE infertility, *OLDER men

مصطلحات جغرافية: ISRAEL

مستخلص: Background: Banking of frozen spermatozoa by single men opens the possibility of procreation long after their death. Requests for posthumous reproduction by the families of the deceased are growing, raising an ethical debate, especially when written instructions were not left by the patients and in cases of unplanned perimortem collection. The issue of the progenitors' intention to procreate after death is the key to ethically based decision‐making in these cases. Objectives: To evaluate the attitude of single men cryopreserving spermatozoa before life‐threatening medical situations towards post‐mortem usage of their cryopreserved spermatozoa. Materials & methods: Adult single men prior to sperm cryopreservation before cytotoxic therapy were asked to sign a structured form declaring their will and instructions for the usage of their cryopreserved spermatozoa in case of their demise. Results: Four hundred fifty‐two men of diverse ethnicity, religious and cultural backgrounds signed the form providing instructions for the use of their cryopreserved spermatozoa in case of mortality. Their age was 27.4 ± 8.06 years. Seven (1.5%) patients willed their spermatozoa for posthumous reproduction to a sibling, 22 (4.9%) to parents, and 26 (5.7%) to their informal female partners. The significant majority (n = 397; 87.8 %) of the single men were ordered to destroy their cryopreserved spermatozoa in case of their expiry. Note that, 26–39 years old men were less likely (81.8% vs. >90% in other ages) to order sperm destruction, as well as men with a poorer prognosis (83% vs. 90%). Discussion: In this study group, most single men cryopreserving spermatozoa in the face of future life‐threatening morbidity do so for their own future live parenthood, and are not interested in posthumous reproduction. Conclusion: Our results doubt the claim that single men who had an unplanned perimortem sperm collection can be universally presumed to have wished to father a child posthumously. Any claimed assumed consent in these cases should be considered for each case individually based on its specific circumstances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Pradhan, Manas Ranjan¹ (AUTHOR), De, Prasenjit² (AUTHOR) deprasen98@gmail.com

المصدر: BMC Public Health. 1/31/2024, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p1-16. 16p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *MEN'S attitudes, *POLITICAL attitudes, *INTIMATE partner violence, *CONSCIOUSNESS raising, *OLDER men, *LOGISTIC regression analysis, *SPOUSES

مصطلحات جغرافية: INDIA

مستخلص: Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a severe human rights violation and a global burden on public health. Wife-beating is a form of IPV and an extension of the patriarchal philosophy that legitimizes men's control over their spouses. This study investigates (a) the trends and patterns of men's attitudes towards justification of wife-beating and (b) the socio-demographic factors associated with changes in men's attitudes towards wife-beating between 2005–06 and 2019–21 in India. Methods: The present study utilized data from the last three rounds of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS): NFHS-3 (2005–06), NFHS-4 (2015–16), and NFHS-5 (2019–21) with a total sample of 2,76,672 men aged 15–54. The primary outcome variable was men's attitudes toward wife-beating. Attitude towards the household and the sexual autonomy of the wife were the two key predictors, in addition to other structural factors. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed on weighted data using Stata. Hosmer–Lemeshow test, Classification table, and ROC curve were carried out to enhance the robustness of the analysis and validity of the model. Results: In 2005–06, 50% of men justified wife-beating in at least one of the seven contexts, which reduced to 42% in 2015–16 and then marginally increased to 44% in 2019–21. Men with an authoritarian attitude toward household autonomy (AOR: 2.34; CI: 2.30,2.38) and sexual autonomy of the wife (AOR: 1.68; CI: 1.65,1.71) were more likely to justify wife-beating than their egalitarian counterparts. Inadequate education, younger age, family history of IPV, alcohol consumption, poverty, and rural settings are associated with an elevated risk of abusive attitudes towards wife-beating. Conclusion: A sizable percentage of men, more so those socio-economically marginalized, continue to justify wife-beating, albeit with considerable decline over the years. The findings suggest customized policies and programs enhancing gender egalitarian norms among young men, more opportunities to pursue higher education, alleviating poverty through employment opportunities, and raising awareness about domestic violence in rural settings would help develop more egalitarian gender norms and attitudes towards wife-beating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Ayalew, Abeba B.¹ ayaliew08@gmail.com, Sisay, Filorenes A.¹, Erga, Besfat B.¹, Ferede, Wassie Y.¹, Kebede, Habtamu B.²

المصدر: Journal of Family Medicine & Primary Care. Oct2023, Vol. 12 Issue 10, p2440-2450. 11p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *HAZARD signs, *MEN'S attitudes, *CROSS-sectional method, *BIRTHPLACES, *PRENATAL care

مصطلحات جغرافية: ETHIOPIA

مستخلص: Introduction: Maternal mortality remains a public health challenge worldwide, particularly in developing countries. Men should be informed about these danger signs to be better equipped to act if they occur. Studies on the topic have been limited in the area. The study aimed to assess men’s knowledge, attitudes, and related factors about obstetrics danger signs in Debre Tabor, Ethiopia. Materials and Methods: A study was conducted in Debre Tabor Town with 609 participants using a pre-tested questionnaire. The data were analyzed using EpiData version 4.6 and SPSS version 25. Variables with P values ≤0.2 were analyzed with multi‑variable logistic regression. A statistically significant association was determined using an adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and a P value <0.05. Results: In this study, 609 men were interviewed, with a response rate of 96.9%. Men’s knowledge of obstetric danger signs was 44.8%, while their attitudes were 35.6%. Wives’ education level (AOR = 7.27, 2.13-8.83), history of obstetric danger signs (AOR = 5.34, 3.49-8.16), receiving antenatal care (AOR = 2.44, 1.29-4.64), giving birth in a hospital (AOR = 4.38, 1.69-11.31), and having a health development army leader (AOR = 3.86, 1.38-10.75) were all associated with knowledge at 95% CI. Having a higher wealth index (AOR = 6.30, 3.44-11.53) and having two or more children (AOR = 2.80, 1.51-5.25) at 95% CI were associated with attitude. Conclusions: Men’s awareness and attitudes concerning obstetric danger signs were low. The husband’s education, place of birth, and prenatal care are all important factors in increasing men’s understanding and attitudes. As a result, the government and stakeholders must prioritize education, attitude reform, and health education for men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Whyke, Thomas William¹ Thomas-William.Whyke@nottingham.edu.cn, Wang, Zeyang¹, Dean, Levi¹, Peng, Altman Yuzhu²

المصدر: Sexuality & Culture. Aug2023, Vol. 27 Issue 4, p1578-1598. 21p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *GAY men's attitudes, *HAPPINESS, *HETERONORMATIVITY, *ONLINE dating mobile apps, *SOCIAL reality

مستخلص: In this article, we explore the experiences of male rural Chinese gay live streamers who find themselves at the mercy of "cruel optimism". This notion, first introduced by Lauren Berlant, explains how people's attachment to certain objects or ideas which they believe will bring them happiness or a better life can, in fact, be counter intuitive. Berlant argues that this attachment becomes cruel when it results in the individual compromising their own well-being and remaining attached to objects or ideas that are ultimately unattainable and, in some instances, even harmful. To better understand this phenomenon, we employ a critical ethnographic approach to observe the everyday cultural production of rural gay men through live streaming on Blued, China's most popular gay dating app. Our research findings reveal how the optimistic virtual entertainment streaming world is reinforcing cruel offline hegemonic and heteronormative rural social realities. Live streaming serves as an object of desire for rural gay streamers, as it provides them with the optimism to explore their gay identities and intimacies and create alternative forms of community and belonging. However, despite this optimism, audience members engage in discussions with them about the cruel realities they face. Our analysis contributes to the existing scholarship concerning live streaming within the Chinese LGBTQI + community, particularly by fixing a spotlight on the cruel optimism embedded within rural gay men's online practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Hust, Stacey J.T.¹ (AUTHOR) sjhust@wsu.edu, Kang, Soojung¹ (AUTHOR), Couto, Leticia¹ (AUTHOR), Li, Jiayu¹ (AUTHOR), Rodgers, Kathleen Boyce² (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Journal of Health Communication. 2023, Vol. 28 Issue 8, p477-486. 10p. 4 Charts, 2 Graphs.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *RAPE, *MEN'S attitudes, *COLLEGE students, *MASCULINITY, *COLLEGE fraternity members, *SOCIAL norms, *SPORTS, *MASS media

مصطلحات جغرافية: UNITED States

مستخلص: Sexual assault is a serious public health issue that is particularly pervasive on U.S. college campuses, and it is well established that men's acceptance of rape myths is associated with negative, and even harmful, attitudes and behaviors toward women. Given the association of rape myths with sexual assault, there is a critical need to identify factors associated with men's acceptance of such myths. To this end, we surveyed 318 fraternity men and 183 non-fraternity college men in the United States to test whether sports media use and conformity to masculine norms, specifically beliefs in controlling women and sexual permissiveness, are associated with rape myth acceptance. Results showed that, after controlling for demographic characteristics including fraternity membership, regular sports media exposure, conformity to masculine norms that support control over women and permissive sexual activity (e.g. playboy norms), were positively associated with rape myth acceptance. This study contributes to a better understanding of multidimensional relationships between sports media consumption, conformity to masculine norms, and rape-supportive culture among young men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Neumann, Claudio, Stanley, Samantha K., Cárdenas, Diana

المصدر: Sex Roles; May2024, Vol. 90 Issue 5, p587-599, 13p

مصطلحات موضوعية: MEAT, FOOD consumption, MEN'S attitudes, MASCULINITY, IDEOLOGY, ATTITUDES toward the environment, INTENTION

مصطلحات جغرافية: AUSTRALIA

مستخلص: Meat consumption needs to be reduced to limit climate change but achieving this requires understanding the drivers of meat consumption. In this study, we investigated two potential drivers—a contextual threat to masculinity and the stable individual difference of masculine ideology—and how they predict meat-eating intentions, attitudes, and environmentalism. Employing a sample of 375 Australian men, a population known for its high meat consumption, we did not find support that a contextual threat to men's masculinity increased pro-meat attitudes or intentions. Instead, we found that prevailing views about masculine ideology significantly predicted meat-related attitudes and intentions, with avoidance of femininity associated with lower avoidance of meat and lower intentions to eat clean meat, and the endorsement of male dominance tied to lower pro-environmental responding. Our findings suggest that situational threats to masculinity may not robustly affect meat consumption intentions and highlight the importance of more stable individual differences in the conception of the male gender identity in maintaining men's high meat consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Sex Roles is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)