-
1دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: B. Shaw, J. Shortt, B. Rogers, Z. Kaplan, M. Low, G. Gregory, S. Vilcassim, G. Grigoriadis, P. Fedele, M. Gilbertson, S. Opat
المصدر: HemaSphere, Vol 6, Pp 1490-1491 (2022)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, RC633-647.5
وصف الملف: electronic resource
العلاقة: http://journals.lww.com/10.1097/01.HS9.0000849292.48769.8cTest; https://doaj.org/toc/2572-9241Test
-
2دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Nicole M. Gilbertson, Natalie Z. M. Eichner, Julian M. Gaitán, Mahnoor Khurshid, Elizabeth A. Rexrode, Sibylle Kranz, Peter T. Hallowell, Steven K. Malin
المصدر: Physiological Reports, Vol 9, Iss 21, Pp n/a-n/a (2021)
مصطلحات موضوعية: arterial stiffness, body composition, fitness, inflammation, quality of life, Physiology, QP1-981
الوصف: Abstract We evaluated the effect of preoperative standard medical care (SC) vs. unsupervised aerobic exercise combined with SC (EX + SC) on cardiometabolic health and quality of life (QoL) 30 days after bariatric surgery. Bariatric patients (n = 14, age: 42.3 ± 2.5 years, body mass index: 45.1 ± 2.5 kg/m2) were match‐paired to presurgical SC (n = 7) or EX + SC (n = 7; walking 30 min/day, 5 day/week, 65–85% HRpeak) for 30 days. Body composition, peak cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak), QoL, inflammation (adiponectin, leptin, cytokeratin‐18), and a 120 min mixed meal tolerance test was performed to assess aortic waveforms (augmentation index, AIx@75), insulin sensitivity, and glucose total area under the curve (tAUC) at the time of surgery (post‐intervention) and 30 days post‐surgery. EX + SC had significantly higher high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin (p = 0.01) and ratio of HMW to total adiponectin (p = 0.04) than SC at 30 days post‐surgery, although they significantly (p = 0.006; ES = 1.86) decreased total time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). SC had a significantly greater increase in VO2peak (p = 0.02; ES = 1.54) and decrease in 120 min AIx@75 (p = 0.02; ES = 1.78) than EX + SC during the post‐surgical period. The increase in MVPA was associated with a reduction in cytokeratin‐18 (r = −0.67, p = 0.02). Increased VO2peak was associated with increased activity/mobility QoL domain (r = 0.52, p = 0.05) and decreased 120 min AIx@75 (r = −0.61, p = 0.03) from surgery to post‐surgery. Preoperative EX + SC did not maintain more favorable cardiometabolic health 30 days post‐operation in this pilot study. However, changes in MVPA appear important for QoL and should be considered in future work.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2051-817XTest
-
3دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Viktoryia Shautsova, Themistoklis Sidiropoulos, Xiaofei Xiao, Nicholas A. Güsken, Nicola C. G. Black, Adam M. Gilbertson, Vincenzo Giannini, Stefan A. Maier, Lesley F. Cohen, Rupert F. Oulton
المصدر: Nature Communications, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2018)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Science
الوصف: The photoresponse of graphene-based photodetectors is dominated by photovoltaic and photothermoelectric effects. Here, the authors leverage strongly localised plasmonic heating of graphene carriers to detect a second photothermoelectric effect occurring across a homogeneous channel in the presence of an electronic temperature gradient.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2041-1723Test
-
4دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Trevor W. Sleight (9238140), Caitlin N. Sexton (11577459), Giannis Mpourmpakis (1452985), Leanne M. Gilbertson (807821), Carla A. Ng (1367574)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell Biology, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Biotechnology, Evolutionary Biology, Ecology, Space Science, Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified, potential intermediate structures, currently available tools, constantly evolving set, broadly inclusive methodology, acting mutagens resulting, long environmental half, environmental hazards resulting, identify molecular clusters, future studies evaluating, pah transformation products, mutagenic activation similar, environmental contaminants, similar mechanisms, metabolic activation, identify direct, existing studies, ultimate removal, substantial increase, single ring, remediation professionals
الوصف: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a complex group of environmental contaminants, many having long environmental half-lives. As these compounds degrade, the changes in their structure can result in a substantial increase in mutagenicity compared to the parent compound. Over time, each individual PAH can potentially degrade into several thousand unique transformation products, creating a complex, constantly evolving set of intermediates. Microbial degradation is the primary mechanism of their transformation and ultimate removal from the environment, and this process can result in mutagenic activation similar to the metabolic activation that can occur in multicellular organisms. The diversity of the potential intermediate structures in PAH-contaminated environments renders hazard assessment difficult for both remediation professionals and regulators. A mixture of structural and energetic descriptors has proven effective in existing studies for classifying which PAH transformation products will be mutagenic. However, most existing studies of environmental PAH mutagens primarily focus on nitrogenated derivatives, which are prevalent in the atmosphere and not as relevant in soil. Additionally, PAH products commonly found in the environment can range from as large as five rings to as small as a single ring, requiring a broadly inclusive methodology to comprehensively evaluate mutagenic potential. We developed a combination of supervised and unsupervised machine learning methods to predict environmentally induced PAH mutagenicity with improved performance over currently available tools. K-means clustering with principal component analysis allows us to identify molecular clusters that we hypothesize to have similar mechanisms of action. Recursive feature elimination identifies the most influential descriptors. The cluster-specific regression outperforms available classifiers in predicting direct-acting mutagens resulting from the microbial biodegradation of PAHs and provides direction for future studies ...
-
5دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Nicole M Gilbertson, Julian M Gaitán, Victoria Osinski, Elizabeth A Rexrode, James C Garmey, J Hunter Mehaffey, Taryn E Hassinger, Sibylle Kranz, Coleen A McNamara, Arthur Weltman, Peter T Hallowell, Steven K Malin
المصدر: PLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss 10, p e0239130 (2020)
الوصف: ObjectiveExamine if adding aerobic exercise to standard medical care (EX+SC) prior to bariatric surgery improves metabolic health in relation to surgical outcomes.MethodsFourteen bariatric patients (age: 42.3±2.5y, BMI: 45.1±2.5 kg/m2) met inclusion criteria and were match-paired to pre-operative SC (n = 7) or EX+SC (n = 7; walking 30min/d, 5d/wk, 65-85% HRpeak) for 30d. A 120min mixed meal tolerance test was performed pre- and post-intervention (~2d prior to surgery) to assess insulin sensitivity (Matsuda Index) and metabolic flexibility (indirect calorimetry). Aerobic fitness (VO2peak), body composition (BodPod), and adipokines (adiponectin, leptin) were also measured. Omental adipose tissue was collected during surgery to quantify gene expression of adiponectin and leptin, and operating time and length of hospital stay were recorded. ANOVA and Cohen's d effect size (ES) was used to test group differences.ResultsSC tended to increase percent body fat (P = 0.06) after the intervention compared to EX+SC. Although SC and EX+SC tended to raise insulin sensitivity (P = 0.11), EX+SC enhanced metabolic flexibility (P = 0.01, ES = 1.55), reduced total adiponectin (P = 0.01, ES = 1.54) with no change in HMW adiponectin and decreased the length of hospital stay (P = 0.05) compared to SC. Albeit not statistically significant, EX+SC increased VO2peak 2.9% compared to a 5.9% decrease with SC (P = 0.24, ES = 0.91). This increased fitness correlated to shorter operating time (r = -0.57, P = 0.03) and length of stay (r = -0.58, P = 0.03). Less omental total adiponectin (r = 0.52, P = 0.09) and leptin (r = 0.58, P = 0.05) expression correlated with shorter operating time, and low leptin expression was linked to shorter length of stay (r = 0.70, P = 0.01), and low leptin expression was linked to shorter length of stay (r = 0.70, P = 0.01).ConclusionAdding pre-operative aerobic exercise to standard care may improve surgical outcomes through a fitness and adipose tissue derived mechanism.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Test
-
6دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Nicole M. Gilbertson, Natalie Z. M. Eichner, Mahnoor Khurshid, Elizabeth A. Rexrode, Sibylle Kranz, Arthur Weltman, Peter T. Hallowell, Steven K. Malin
المصدر: Frontiers in Physiology, Vol 11 (2020)
مصطلحات موضوعية: arterial stiffness, C-reactive protein, cytokeratin 18, physical activity, dietary intake, Physiology, QP1-981
الوصف: ObjectiveExamine the effect of aerobic exercise (EX) combined with standard medical care (SC) (EX + SC) compared to SC alone on cardiometabolic health and quality of life in relation to surgical outcomes.MethodsPatients receiving bariatric surgery were match-paired to 30 days of pre-operative SC (n = 7, 1 male, 39.0 ± 5.3 years, body mass index 46.4 ± 3.0 kg/m2; low calorie diet) or EX + SC (n = 7, 0 males, 45.6 ± 4.8 years, body mass index 43.9 ± 4.2 kg/m2; walking 30 min/day, 5 days/week, 65–85% HRpeak). Body mass, waist circumference, cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), cytokeratin 18 (CK18), weight related quality of life (QoL), and a 120 min mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT) was performed to assess arterial stiffness via augmentation index normalized to a heart rate of 75 beats per minute (AIx@75), whole-body insulin sensitivity, and glucose total area under the curve (tAUC) pre- and post-intervention (∼2 days prior to surgery). Length of hospital stay (admission to discharge) was recorded.ResultsEX + SC had a greater effect for decreased intake of total calories (P = 0.14; ES = 0.86) compared to SC, but no change in body weight or waist circumference was observed in either group. EX + SC had a greater effect for increased VO2peak (P = 0.24; ES = 0.91) and decreased hs-CRP (P = 0.31; ES = 0.69) compared to SC. EX + SC reduced circulating CK18 (P = 0.05; ES = 3.05) and improved QoL (P = 0.02) compared to SC. Although EX + SC had no statistical effect on arterial stiffness compared to SC, we observed a modest effect size for AIx@75 tAUC (P = 0.36; ES = 0.52). EX + SC had a significantly shorter length of hospital stay (P = 0.05; ES = 1.38) than SC, and a shorter length of hospital stay was associated with decreased sugar intake (r = 0.55, P = 0.04). Decreased AIx@75 tAUC significantly correlated with improved whole-body insulin sensitivity (r = −0.59, P = 0.03) and glucose tAUC (r = 0.57, P = 0.04).ConclusionEX with SC for 30 days prior to bariatric surgery may be ...
العلاقة: https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2020.01018/fullTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1664-042XTest; https://doaj.org/article/a1aa0c52ef164689b0444ac4d34118b3Test
الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.01018Test
https://doaj.org/article/a1aa0c52ef164689b0444ac4d34118b3Test -
7
المؤلفون: Nathalia Aquino de Carvalho, Leanne M. Gilbertson
المصدر: Journal of Industrial Ecology.
مصطلحات موضوعية: General Social Sciences, General Environmental Science
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::8922f2d78cd68df68925b18b58586db8Test
https://doi.org/10.1111/jiec.13390Test -
8دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Steven K. Malin, Nicole M. Gilbertson, Natalie Z. M. Eichner, Emily Heiston, Stephanie Miller, Arthur Weltman
المصدر: Journal of Diabetes Research, Vol 2019 (2019)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, RC648-665
الوصف: Introduction. The impact of interval (INT) vs. continuous (CONT) exercise training on endothelial function in relation to glucose metabolism prior to clinically meaningful weight loss is unknown in adults with prediabetes. Methods. Twenty-six subjects with prediabetes (60±1 y; 33±1 kg/m2; 2-hr-PG OGTT: 145±7 mg/dl) were randomized to 60 min of CONT (n=12; 70% of HRpeak) or work-matched INT exercise training (n=14; alternating 3 min at 90 and 50% HRpeak) for 2 weeks. Aerobic fitness (VO2peak) and body composition (bioelectrical impedance) were assessed before and after training. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was measured during a 2 h 75 g OGTT (0, 60, and 120 min) to assess endothelial function. Postprandial FMD was calculated as incremental area under the curve (iAUC). Glucose tolerance and insulin were also calculated by iAUC. Fasting plasma VCAM, ICAM, and hs-CRP were also assessed as indicators of vascular/systemic inflammation. Results. Both interventions increased VO2peak (P=0.002) but had no effect on body fat (P=0.20). Although both treatments improved glucose tolerance (P=0.06) and insulin iAUC (P=0.02), VCAM increased (P=0.01). There was no effect of either treatment on ICAM, hs-CRP, or fasting as well as postprandial FMD. However, 57% of people improved fasting and iAUC FMD following CONT compared with only 42% after INT exercise (each: P=0.04). Elevated VCAM was linked to blunted fasting FMD after training (r=−0.38, P=0.05). But, there was no correlation between fasting FMD or postprandial FMD with glucose tolerance (r=0.17, P=0.39 and r=0.02, P=0.90, respectively) or insulin iAUC following training (r=0.34, P=0.08 and r=0.04, P=0.83, respectively). Conclusion. Endothelial function is not improved consistently after short-term training, despite improvements in glucose and insulin responses to the OGTT in obese adults with prediabetes.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
-
9دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Natalie Z. M. Eichner, Nicole M. Gilbertson, Luca Musante, Sabrina La Salvia, Arthur Weltman, Uta Erdbrügger, Steven K. Malin
المصدر: Nutrients; Volume 11; Issue 3; Pages: 580
مصطلحات موضوعية: microparticles, arterial stiffness, insulin sensitivity, type 2 diabetes, obesity
جغرافية الموضوع: agris
الوصف: Although extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a novel biomediator of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), the effects of hyperglycemia on EVs in humans is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) would promote changes in EVs in relation to CVD risk. Twenty-five obese adults (Age: 52.4 ± 3.2 year, BMI: 32.5 ± 1.2 kg/m2) were screened for normal glucose tolerance (NGT, n = 8) and prediabetes (PD, n = 17) using American Diabetes Association criteria (75 g OGTT and/or HbA1c). Body composition (bioelectrical impedance) and fitness (VO2peak) were measured. Arterial stiffness (augmentation index; AIx) was measured at 0, 60- and 120-min while insulin, glucose, and free fatty acids were evaluated every 30 min during the OGTT to assess CVD risk. Annexin V positive (AV+) and Annexin V negative (AV−) total EVs, platelet EVs (CD31+/CD41+; CD41+), leukocyte EVs (CD45+; CD45+/CD41−), platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM) (CD31+) and endothelial EVs (CD 31+/CD41−; CD105+) were collected at 0 and 120 min. There were no differences in age, BMI, or body fat between NGT and PD (all P > 0.63). Total EVs, AV+ CD31+ (PECAM), and AV+ CD31+/CD41− (endothelial) EVs decreased after the OGTT (P ≤ 0.04). Circulating insulin at 2-h correlated with elevated post-prandial AV− CD45+ (r = 0.48, P = 0.04) while arterial stiffness related to reduced total EVs (r = −0.49, P = 0.03) and AV+ CD41+ (platelet) (r = −0.52, P = 0.02). An oral glucose load lowers post-prandial total, platelet, and endothelial EVs in obese adults with NGT and prediabetes in relation to CVD risk.
وصف الملف: application/pdf
-
10دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Julian M. Gaitán, Natalie Z.M. Eichner, Nicole M. Gilbertson, Emily M. Heiston, Arthur Weltman, Steven K. Malin
المصدر: Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, Vol 18, Iss 4, Pp 636-644 (2019)
مصطلحات موضوعية: exercise training, oxidative metabolism, substrate utilization, exercise intensity, hyperglycemia, Sports, GV557-1198.995, Sports medicine, RC1200-1245
الوصف: Prediabetes is associated with impaired oxidative capacity and altered substrate utilization during exercise. The effects of continuous (CONT) versus interval (INT) exercise training on fat oxidation during an acute exercise bout at the same absolute and relative intensities are unknown in this population. Obese females/males (n = 17, n = 5) with prediabetes (BMI 32.2 ± 1.2 kg·m-2; age 62.8 ± 1.6 y; fasting glucose 103.4 ± 1.6 mg·dL-1; 2-hour glucose 153.7 ± 7.1 mg·dL-1; VO2peak 19.9 ± 1.0 mL·kg-1·min-1) were screened with a 75g OGTT. Subjects completed a peak oxygen consumption test and a submaximal exercise substrate utilization test consisting of 5min stages at absolute (30W) and relative (70%HRpeak) intensities before and after randomization to 12 sessions (60min each) of CONT (70% HRpeak) or INT (alternating 3min 90% HRpeak, 3min 50% HRpeak) over a two-week period. Body mass decreased and VO2peak increased more after INT than CONT (INT: -0.6 ± 0.2 kg, CONT: -0.1 ± 0.2 kg; p = 0.04; INT: 1.9 ± 0.6 mL/kg/min, CONT: 0.1 ± 0.6 mL·kg-1·min-1; p = 0.04). Training increased fat oxidation by 0.7 ± 0.2 mL·kg-1·min-1 during the absolute intensity test (p < 0.001), independent of intensity. During the relative intensity test, fat oxidation increased more after INT than CONT (INT: 1.3 ± 0.4 mL·kg-1·min-1, CONT: 0.3 ± 0.3 mL·kg-1·min-1; p = 0.03), with no difference in exercise energy expenditure between groups. Enhanced fat oxidation during the relative test was correlated with increased VO2peak (r = 0.53 p = 0.01). High intensity INT training enhances fat oxidation during the same relative intensity exercise in people with prediabetes.
النص الكامل