المؤلفون: Marziyeh Bahalou Horeh, Levan Elbakidze, R. Garth Taylor

المصدر: Agricultural and Resource Economics Review, Vol 52, Pp 623-653 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: foodborne illness, Food Safety Modernization Act, food safety regulation, irrigation, partial equilibrium, water quality, D61, D78, Q11, Q18, Agriculture (General), S1-972, Economic growth, development, planning, HD72-88

الوصف: We develop a theoretical framework and present a corresponding empirical analysis of the Food and Drug Administration’s irrigation water quality regulatory standard under the Food Safety Modernization Act using lettuce as a case study. We develop a stochastic price endogenous partial equilibrium model with recourse to examine the standard’s efficacy under various scenarios of foodborne illness severity, standard implementation, demand response to foodborne outbreaks, and irrigation costs. The stringency of regulation is evaluated with endogenous producer response to regulatory requirements and corresponding implications for economic surplus. The baseline results show that in the case of the lettuce market, the proposed microbial irrigation water quality regulation in the Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) is not cost effective relative to the existing Leafy-Greens Marketing Agreements relying on water treatment for mitigation of microbial contamination. However, FSMA can be cost effective if water treatment is sufficiently expensive.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S1068280523000229/type/journal_articleTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1068-2805Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2372-2614Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/1e965fce45574455bf64b7529acc61faTest

المؤلفون: Nabin B Khanal, Levan Elbakidze

المصدر: PLoS ONE, Vol 19, Iss 4, p e0299789 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Medicine, Science

الوصف: We examined the spatial distribution of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in the US drinking water and explored the relationship between PFAS contamination, public water systems (PWS) characteristics, and socioeconomic attributes of the affected communities. Using data from the EPA's third Unregulated Contaminant Rule, the Census Bureau, and the Bureau of Labor Statistics, we identified spatial contamination hot spots and found that PFAS contamination was correlated with PWSs size, non-surface raw water intake sources, population, and housing density. We also found that non-white communities had less PFAS in drinking water. Lastly, we observed that PFAS contamination varied depending on regional industrial composition. The results showed that drinking water PFAS contamination was an externality of not only some industrial activities but also household consumption.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0299789&type=printableTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/f57d54c183cc4647b6c4499697f0fa6dTest

المؤلفون: Taiwo Akinyemi, Levan Elbakidze, Yuelu Xu, Philip W Gassman, Haw Yen, Jeffrey G Arnold

المصدر: Environmental Research Letters, Vol 19, Iss 7, p 074047 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: pollution leakage, watershed, nitrogen, hypoxia, agriculture, hydro-economic model, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Science, Physics, QC1-999

الوصف: Agricultural nutrient runoff has been a major contributor to hypoxia in many downstream coastal ecosystems. Although programs have been designed to reduce nutrient loading in individual coastal waters, cross watershed interdependencies of nutrient runoff have not been quantified due to a lack of suitable modeling tools. Cross-watershed pollution leakage can occur when nutrient runoff moves from more to less regulated regions. We illustrate the use of an integrated assessment model IAM that combines economic and process-based biophysical tools to quantify Nitrogen loading leakage across three major US watersheds. We also assess losses in consumer and producer surplus from decreased commodity supply and higher prices when nutrient delivery to select coastal ecosystems is restricted. Reducing agricultural N loading in the Gulf of Mexico by 45% (a) increases loading in the Chesapeake Bay and Western Lake Erie by 4.2% and 5.5%, respectively, and (b) results in annual surplus losses of $7.1 and $6.95 billion with and without restrictions on leakage to the Chesapeake Bay and Lake Erie, respectively.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1748-9326Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/2d3b63272ead49408d66464b2c1a2a48Test

المؤلفون: Levan Elbakidze, Liang Lu, Sanford Eigenbrode

المصدر: Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Vol 36, Iss 3, Pp 504-520 (2011)

مصطلحات موضوعية: climate, pest damages, yields, Agriculture

الوصف: This study examines the effects of climatic conditions on interactions among pea and lentil yields, pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) infestations, and outbreaks of PEMV (Pea enation mosaic) and BLRV (Bean leaf roll) viruses in the Palouse region of eastern Washington. The study analytically and empirically evaluates the effects of aphid outbreaks on per acre yields, implicitly including the effects of adopted pest management activities and explicitly taking into account possible effects of climatic conditions on the severity of pea aphid outbreaks. The results show that aphid outbreaks have historically decreased pea and lentil yields by approximately 5% and 7% on average respectively.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/119177Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1068-5502Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2327-8285Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/afe73c0690fd40d6b8c6677bb98bbbd8Test

المؤلفون: Levan Elbakidze

المصدر: Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Vol 33, Iss 2, Pp 195-211 (2008)

مصطلحات موضوعية: asymptomatic and symptomatic periods, avian influenza, contact rates, cost minimization, Agriculture

الوصف: This study presents a conceptual model for the analysis of avian influenza mitigation options within the small poultry farm sector (backyard flocks). The proposed model incorporates epidemiological susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) methodology into an economic cost-minimization framework. The model is used to investigate the implications and interdependencies of mitigation options that influence inter-flock contact rates of asymptomatic and symptomatic flocks, and reduce the duration of symptomatic and asymptomatic periods. The results indicates that for shorter asymptomatic periods the efforts to control inter-flock contract rates should concentrate on symptomatic flocks, while for longer asymptomatic periods the control of inter-flock contacts should be focused on asymptomatic flocks. Efforts to reduce the length of asymptomatic and symptomatic periods and efforts to reduce inter-flock contact rates function as substitute strategies.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/42463Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1068-5502Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2327-8285Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/3cb6e49bc38841c895f15fae66d96ce6Test

المؤلفون: Levan Elbakidze

المصدر: Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Vol 32, Iss 1, Pp 169-180 (2007)

مصطلحات موضوعية: animal tracing, cost minimization, infectious disease spread mitigation, Agriculture

الوصف: One of the options to prepare for a potential outbreak of an infectious livestock disease is to initiate an animal tracking system, which would provide information on animal movements and facilitate disease management. This study examines the benefits of implementing an animal tracking system in the context of a simulated cattle disease outbreak with and without animal tracking. Estimates are provided for some of the losses that would be avoided with an animal tracking system if an infectious animal disease were introduced. The results show that the economic efficiency of an animal tracking system depends on such factors as inter-herd contact rates, effectiveness of animal disease response actions, and the extent to which an animal tracking system decreases the time of tracing animal movements. In the event of a highly infectious animal disease outbreak, substantial economic losses could be avoided if an effective animal tracking system is implemented.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/8597Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1068-5502Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2327-8285Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/aa7de25e98d34180afbfb2a5707fd95dTest

المؤلفون: Marziyeh Bahalou Horeh, Levan Elbakidze, Ana Claudia Sant'Anna

المصدر: Agricultural and Resource Economics Review, Pp 1-42

مصطلحات موضوعية: food safety, strict liability, punitive damages, illness reporting, hospitalization, death, I12, K13, Q18, Agriculture (General), S1-972, Economic growth, development, planning, HD72-88

الوصف: A regulatory liability-based approach to reducing foodborne illnesses is widely used in the U.S. But how effective is it? We exploit regulatory regime variation across states and over time to examine the relationship between product liability laws and reported foodborne illnesses. We find a positive and statistically significant relationship between strict liability with punitive damages and the number of reported foodborne illnesses. We find, however, no statistically significant relationship between strict liability with punitive damages and the number of foodborne illness-related hospitalizations and deaths.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S1068280522000259/type/journal_articleTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1068-2805Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2372-2614Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/6325eca5628744cf81ba17554101463cTest

المؤلفون: Xiaoxue Du, Levan Elbakidze, Liang Lu, R. Garth Taylor

المصدر: Sustainability; Volume 14; Issue 16; Pages: 9832

مصطلحات موضوعية: stochastic optimal control, pest management, climate change, pest invasion

جغرافية الموضوع: agris

الوصف: This study examines the role of weather and pest infestation forecasts in agricultural pest management, taking into account potential correlation between weather and pest population prediction errors. First, we analytically illustrate the role of the correlation between weather and pest infestation forecast errors in pest management using a stochastic optimal control framework. Next, using stochastic dynamic programming, we empirically simulate optimal pest management trajectory within a growing season, taking into account correlation between weather and pest population prediction errors. We used lentil production in the Palouse area of northern Idaho and eastern Washington as a case study, where pesticide use was restricted due to environmental or health reasons. We showed that the benefit of applying pesticides later in the growing season can outweigh benefits of early application when pesticide use is restricted due to environmental or health regulations. The value of information is close to $9 per acre, approximately 8% of the expected net returns per acre, and close to $12 per acre ($106–$94), or approximately 13% of the expected net returns per acre for the baseline versus the climate change scenarios, respectively.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: Sustainable Agriculture; https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14169832Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/su14169832Test

المؤلفون: Marziyeh Bahalou Horeh, Levan Elbakidze, Ana Claudia Sant'Anna

المصدر: Agricultural and Resource Economics Review. 52:1-42

مصطلحات موضوعية: Economics and Econometrics, Agronomy and Crop Science

الوصف: A regulatory liability-based approach to reducing foodborne illnesses is widely used in the U.S. But how effective is it? We exploit regulatory regime variation across states and over time to examine the relationship between product liability laws and reported foodborne illnesses. We find a positive and statistically significant relationship between strict liability with punitive damages and the number of reported foodborne illnesses. We find, however, no statistically significant relationship between strict liability with punitive damages and the number of foodborne illness-related hospitalizations and deaths.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::794dcab239eecda707687956003ba6d8Test
https://doi.org/10.1017/age.2022.25Test

المؤلفون: Levan Elbakidze

المصدر: Water Economics and Policy.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Economics and Econometrics, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Business and International Management, Water Science and Technology

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::c4bcbc1b9ff24b50d5e56ab582c8af64Test
https://doi.org/10.1142/s2382624x23800048Test