يعرض 1 - 10 نتائج من 154 نتيجة بحث عن '"Leslie, Monica"', وقت الاستعلام: 1.01s تنقيح النتائج
  1. 1
    رسالة جامعية

    المؤلفون: Leslie, Monica Rose

    المساهمون: Treasure, Janet Linda, Paloyelis, Yannis

    مصطلحات موضوعية: 150

    الوصف: Bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorder (BED) are psychiatric disorders characterised by recurrent loss-of-control binge eating behaviour, which is associated with the consumption of an objectively large quantity of food for the circumstances. BN is additionally characterised by recurrent inappropriate compensatory weight control behaviours. Both BN and BED cause significant distress and detract from quality of life in affected individuals. To date, however, current treatments do not support full recovery in a considerable portion of individuals with BN or BED, thus highlighting the need for novel treatment approaches which target critical maintenance factors. The current thesis synthesises current evidence for the maintenance of recurrent binge eating behaviour through neural processes related to reward dysregulation and addiction. Based on previous and original evidence, I will go on to propose a new maintenance model of BN and BED and apply this model to a multi-modal investigation of exogenously-administered intranasal oxytocin in adult women with BN and BED. Paper 1 presents a narrative review of empirical literature relating to the dysregulation of reward processes in bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. Within this paper, I propose a new theoretical maintenance model of recurrent binge eating behaviour: the "addictive appetite" model. Paper 2 presents an additional narrative review of evidence for the novel elements of the addictive appetite model, including evidence for tolerance and withdrawal effects in BN and a central insulin- and dopamine-mediated mechanism underpinning heightened craving. Paper 3 tests hypotheses stemming from the addictive appetite model, which predicts that craving and reward-motivated eating are central to the maintenance of BN and BED. Paper 3 presents a cluster analysis demonstrating that food craving, reward-motivated eating, and eating for coping purposes significantly distinguish women with BN and BED from age- and weight-matched comparison women. Oxytocin, a neuropeptide and hormone, has previously been found to modulate anxiety and reward processes, which are central components of the addictive appetite model. Paper 4 presents a systematic review and quantitative meta-analysis of the effects of oxytocin on feeding behaviour in both animal and human samples. This meta-analysis demonstrates that a single dose of central or peripheral oxytocin significantly attenuates subsequent feeding in animals, while the effects of oxytocin decrease with chronic administration. The evidence for the effects of oxytocin on feeding in humans is mixed, and moderated by factors including eating disorder status, sex, and food type. Paper 5 tests the functional significance of exogenous oxytocin in altering palatable food intake, subjective stress, and salivary cortisol in women with BN or BED and healthy comparison women without history of an eating disorder. Contrary to our hypotheses, oxytocin did not significantly affect palatable eating behaviour, 24-hour calorie intake, subjective, stress, or salivary cortisol. Paper 6 investigates the influence of oxytocin on attentional bias to palatable food images. Contrary to our hypothesis, we found that oxytocin increased vigilance towards palatable, versus neutral, food images. Paper 7 tested the influence of oxytocin on risk-taking behaviours in a computerised task. Contrary to our hypotheses, women with BN and BED did not demonstrate significantly different risk-taking behaviour on the task in the placebo condition. We detected a significant interaction such that oxytocin decreased risk-taking behaviour to a greater degree in women with BN and BED. Paper 8 presents the preliminary outcomes of a study investigating the effect of 40IU intranasal oxytocin on the neural processing of visual and gustatory food stimuli. We did not observe significant differences in neural activation between women with BN or BED, versus healthy control women, in response to the anticipation or receipt of chocolate taste, versus water taste in the brain regions analysed. We did not find a significant effect of 40IU intranasal oxytocin, versus placebo, on BOLD response to the anticipation or receipt of chocolate milk, versus water. The results of these original experiments testing the influence of oxytocin indicate that a divided 64IU dose of oxytocin was not effective in reducing calorie consumption in women with BN and BED, although there is preliminary evidence that oxytocin may reduce risk-taking and attentional bias to food in women with BN and BED. Future doseresponse studies in women would be helpful in ascertaining whether a different regime of oxytocin treatment may be more effective in treating the symptoms and sequelae of BN and BED. Future research targeting the maintenance factors of BN and BED identified by the addictive appetite model via different treatment methods would be useful to advance treatment for affected individuals and further refine this theoretical model of recurrent binge eating.

  2. 2
    دورية أكاديمية
  3. 3
    دورية أكاديمية

    المصدر: Halls , D , Leslie , M , Leppanen , J , Sedgewick , F , Surguladze , S , Fonville , L , Lang , K , Simic , M , Nicholls , D , Williams , S & Tchanturia , K 2021 , ' The emotional face of anorexia nervosa : The neural correlates of emotional processing ' , Human Brain Mapping , vol. 42 , no. 10 , pp. 3077-3087 . https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.25417Test

    الوصف: Social-emotional processing difficulties have been reported in Anorexia Nervosa (AN), yet the neural correlates remain unclear. Previous neuroimaging work is sparse and has not used functional connectivity paradigms to more fully explore the neural correlates of emotional difficulties. Fifty-seven acutely unwell AN (AAN) women, 60 weight-recovered AN (WR) women and 69 healthy control (HC) women categorised the gender of a series of emotional faces while undergoing Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. The mean age of the AAN group was 19.40 (2.83), WR 18.37 (3.59) and HC 19.37 (3.36). A whole brain and psychophysical interaction connectivity approach was used. Parameter estimates from significant clusters were extracted and correlated with clinical symptoms. Whilst no group level differences in whole brain activation were demonstrated, significant group level functional connectivity differences emerged. WR participants showed increased connectivity between the bilateral occipital face area and the cingulate, precentral gyri, superior, middle, medial and inferior frontal gyri compared to AAN and HC when viewing happy valenced faces. Eating disorder symptoms and parameter estimates were positively correlated. Our findings characterise the neural basis of social-emotional processing in a large sample of individuals with AN.

  4. 4
    دورية أكاديمية

    المساهمون: University of Chester, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Oxford Brookes University, University of Edinburgh, Leeds Beckett University, University of Nottingham, University of Liverpool

    الوصف: Background: Cancer survivors frequently report a range of unmet psychological and supportive care needs; these often continue after treatment has finished, and are predictive of psychological distress and poor health-related quality of life. Online interventions demonstrate good efficacy in addressing these concerns and are more accessible than face to face interventions. Finding My Way is an online, psycho-educational and cognitive behaviour therapy intervention for cancer survivors developed in Australia. Previous trials have demonstrated Finding My Way to be acceptable, highly adhered to, and effective in reducing the impact of distress on quality of life, whilst leading to cost-savings through health-resource use reduction. Objectives: Our study will adapt the Australian Finding My Way website for a UK cancer care context, and then undertake a single-blinded, randomised controlled trial (RCT) of Finding My Way UK against a treatment-as-usual waitlist control. Methods: As much as possible, our trial design replicates the existing Australian RCT of Finding My Way. Following a comprehensive adaptation of the web-resource, we will recruit 294 participants (147 per study arm) from across clinical sites in North West England and North Wales. Participants will: (i) have been diagnosed with cancer of any type in the last six months, (ii) have received anti-cancer treatment with curative intent, (iii) be over 16 years of age, (iv) be proficient in English and (v) have access to the internet and an active email address. Participants will be identified and recruited through the NIHR Clinical Research Network. Measures of distress, quality of life, and health economic outcomes will be collected using a self-report online questionnaire at baseline, mid-treatment, post-treatment and both three- and six-month follow-up. Quantitative data will be analysed using intention-to-treat Mixed-Model Repeated Measures analysis. Embedded semi-structured qualitative interviews will probe engagement with, and experiences of using, ...

    العلاقة: https://www.researchprotocols.org/2021/9/e31976Test; https://chesterrep.openrepository.com/bitstream/handle/10034/625432/2021-07-12%20FMW-UK%20Protocol%20Paper%20v4_Refs%20updated.pdf?sequence=1Test; Hulbert-Williams, N. J., Leslie, M., Hulbert-Williams, L., Koczwara, B., Watson, E. K., Hall, P. S., . Beatty, L. (2021). The Finding My Way UK Clinical Trial: Adaptation report and protocol for a replication randomised controlled efficacy trial of a web-based psychological programme to support cancer survivors. JMIR Research Protocols, 10(9), e31976. https://doi.org/10.2196/31976Test; http://hdl.handle.net/10034/625432Test; JMIR Research Protocols

  5. 5
    دورية أكاديمية

    المساهمون: University of Chester, Maggie's Cancer Centres, Imperial College London

    الوصف: The AAM is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Hulbert-Williams, N. J., Leslie, M., Hulbert-Williams, L., Smith, E., Howells, L., & Pinato, D.J. (2021). Evaluating the impact of COVID-19 on supportive care needs, psychological distress and 3 quality of life in UK cancer survivors and their support network. European Journal of Cancer Care, 30(5), e13442, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/ecc.13442Test. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving. ; Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic is having considerable impact on cancer care, including restricted access to hospital-based care, treatment and psychosocial support. We investigated the impact on unmet needs and psychosocial wellbeing. Methods: 144 participants (77% female), including people with cancer and their support networks, were recruited. The most prevalent diagnosis was breast cancer. Forty-one participants recruited pre-pandemic were compared with 103 participants recruited during the COVID-19 pandemic. We measured participants’ unmet supportive care needs, psychological distress and quality of life. Results: Half of our patient respondents reported unexpected changes to treatment following pandemic onset, with widespread confusion about their longer-term consequences. Although overall need levels have not increased, specific needs have changed in prominence. People with cancer reported significantly reduced anxiety (p=.049) and improved quality of life (p=.032) following pandemic onset, but support network participants reported reduced quality of life (p=.009), and non-significantly elevated anxiety, stress and depression. Conclusion: Psychological wellbeing of people with cancer has not been detrimentally affected by pandemic onset. Reliance on home-based support to compensate for the lost availability of structured healthcare pathways may, however, explain significant and detrimental effects on the wellbeing and quality of life of ...

    العلاقة: https://chesterrep.openrepository.com/bitstream/handle/10034/624329/European%20J%20Cancer%20Care%20-%202021%20-%20Hulbert%e2%80%90Williams%20-%20Evaluating%20the%20impact%20of%20COVID%e2%80%9019%20on%20supportive%20care%20needs%20.pdf?sequence=6Test; https://chesterrep.openrepository.com/bitstream/handle/10034/624329/COVID%20Unmet%20needs.pdf?sequence=1Test; Hulbert-Williams, N. J., Leslie, M., Hulbert-Williams, L., Smith, E., Howells, L., & Pinato, D.J. (2021). Evaluating the impact of COVID-19 on supportive care needs, psychological distress and 3 quality of life in UK cancer survivors and their support network. European Journal of Cancer Care, 30(5), e13442. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecc.13442Test; http://hdl.handle.net/10034/624329Test; European Journal of Cancer Care

  6. 6
    دورية أكاديمية

    المساهمون: University of Chester, King's College London, University of Bristol, Imperial College London, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, University College London, Illia State University

    الوصف: This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Leslie, M., Halls, D., Leppanen, J., Sedgewick, F., Lang, K., Fonville, L., . Tchanturia, K. (2021). The neural correlates of a central coherence task in young women with anorexia nervosa. European Eating Disorders Review, 29(5), 744-755, https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.2852Test, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.2852Test. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving ; Objective: Heightened detail-processing and low levels of central coherence are common in individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) and predict poorer prognosis. However, it is unclear whether these processing styles predate the disorder or, rather, emerge during later stages of AN. The current study aimed to address this question by investigating central coherence, and the neural correlates of central coherence, in a sample of young women with AN with shorter duration of illness than previous studies recruiting adult samples. Methods: We recruited 186 participants, including: 73 young women with AN, 45 young women weight-recovered from AN, and 68 age-matched controls. Participants completed the Embedded Figures Task during an fMRI scan. Results: There were no significant differences between the participant groups in performance accuracy or reaction time. There were no other between-groups differences in neural response to the Embedded Figures Task. Conclusions: These findings contrast with evidence from older adults demonstrating differences in the neural underpinning of central coherence amongst participants with AN versus control participants. The current study adds to an increasing literature base demonstrating the resilience of neuropsychological traits and associated brain systems in the early stages of AN.

    العلاقة: https://chesterrep.openrepository.com/bitstream/handle/10034/625395/2021-06-25%20EFT%20manuscript%20-%20Clean.pdf?sequence=5Test; https://chesterrep.openrepository.com/bitstream/handle/10034/625395/2021-06-17%20Supplementary%20Material%20-%20Clean.pdf?sequence=6Test; Leslie, M., Halls, D., Leppanen, J., Sedgewick, F., Lang, K., Fonville, L., . Tchanturia, K. (2021). The neural correlates of a central coherence task in young women with anorexia nervosa. European Eating Disorders Review, 29(5), 744-755. https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.2852Test; http://hdl.handle.net/10034/625395Test; European Eating Disorders Review

  7. 7
    دورية أكاديمية

    المصدر: issn: 0961-5423 ; issn: 1365-2354.

    الوصف: From Wiley via Jisc Publications Router ; History: received 2020-10-30, rev-recd 2021-02-12, accepted 2021-03-03, pub-electronic 2021-03-25, pub-print 2021-09 ; Article version: VoR ; Publication status: Published ; Abstract: Objectives: The COVID‐19 pandemic is having considerable impact on cancer care, including restricted access to hospital‐based care, treatment and psychosocial support. We investigated the impact on unmet needs and psychosocial well‐being. Methods: One hundred and forty four participants (77% female), including people with cancer and their support networks, were recruited. The most prevalent diagnosis was breast cancer. Forty‐one participants recruited pre‐pandemic were compared with 103 participants recruited during the COVID‐19 pandemic. We measured participants' unmet supportive care needs, psychological distress and quality of life. Results: Half of our patient respondents reported unexpected changes to treatment following pandemic onset, with widespread confusion about their longer‐term consequences. Although overall need levels have not increased, specific needs have changed in prominence. People with cancer reported significantly reduced anxiety (p = 0.049) and improved quality of life (p = 0.032) following pandemic onset, but support network participants reported reduced quality of life (p = 0.009), and non‐significantly elevated anxiety, stress and depression. Conclusion: Psychological well‐being of people with cancer has not been detrimentally affected by pandemic onset. Reliance on home‐based support to compensate for the lost availability of structured healthcare pathways may, however, explain significant and detrimental effects on the well‐being and quality of life of people in their support and informal care networks.

  8. 8
    دورية أكاديمية

    المصدر: issn: 1065-9471 ; issn: 1097-0193.

    الوصف: From Wiley via Jisc Publications Router ; History: received 2020-05-15, rev-recd 2021-03-04, accepted 2021-03-08, pub-electronic 2021-03-19, pub-print 2021-07 ; Article version: VoR ; Publication status: Published ; Funder: Medical Research Council; Id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000265Test; Grant(s): MR/R004595/1, MR/S020381/1 ; Abstract: Social–emotional processing difficulties have been reported in Anorexia Nervosa (AN), yet the neural correlates remain unclear. Previous neuroimaging work is sparse and has not used functional connectivity paradigms to more fully explore the neural correlates of emotional difficulties. Fifty‐seven acutely unwell AN (AAN) women, 60 weight‐recovered AN (WR) women and 69 healthy control (HC) women categorised the gender of a series of emotional faces while undergoing Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. The mean age of the AAN group was 19.40 (2.83), WR 18.37 (3.59) and HC 19.37 (3.36). A whole brain and psychophysical interaction connectivity approach was used. Parameter estimates from significant clusters were extracted and correlated with clinical symptoms. Whilst no group level differences in whole brain activation were demonstrated, significant group level functional connectivity differences emerged. WR participants showed increased connectivity between the bilateral occipital face area and the cingulate, precentral gyri, superior, middle, medial and inferior frontal gyri compared to AAN and HC when viewing happy valenced faces. Eating disorder symptoms and parameter estimates were positively correlated. Our findings characterise the neural basis of social–emotional processing in a large sample of individuals with AN.

  9. 9
    دورية أكاديمية
  10. 10
    دورية أكاديمية

    المساهمون: King's College London, University Hospital of Bellvitge and CIBERobn (ISCIII)

    الوصف: This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Treasure, J., Leslie, M., Chami, R., Fernandez-Aranda, F. (2018). Are trans diagnostic models of eating disorders fit for purpose? A consideration of the evidence for food addiction. European Eating Disorders Review, 26(2), 83-91. , which has been published in final form at https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/erv.2578Test. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. ; Explanatory models for eating disorders have changed over time to account for changing clinical presentations. The transdiagnostic model evolved from the maintenance model, which provided the framework for cognitive behavioural therapy for bulimia nervosa. However, for many individuals (especially those at the extreme ends of the weight spectrum), this account does not fully fit. New evidence generated from research framed within the food addiction hypothesis is synthesised here into a model that can explain recurrent binge eating behaviour. New interventions that target core maintenance elements identified within the model may be useful additions to a complex model of treatment for eating disorders.