المؤلفون: Peeters S. A., Engelen L., Buijs J., Chaturvedi N., Fuller J. H., Schalkwijk C. G., Stehouwer C. D., Karamanos B., Kofinis A., Petrou K., Giorgino F., Picca G., Angarano A., de Pergola. G., Laviola L., Giorgino R., Ionescu-Tirgoviste C., Coszma A., Guja C., Songini M., Casu A., Pedron M., Pintus S., Fossarello M., Ferriss J. B., Grealy G., O'Keefe D., Toeller M., Arden C., Rottiers R., Tuyttens C., Priem H., Ebeling P., Kylliainen M., Koivisto V. A., Idzior-Walus B., Sieradzki J., Cyganek K., Solnica B., Lemkes H. H. P. J., Lemkes-Stuffken J. C., Nunes-Correa J., Rogado M. C., Gardete-Correia L., Cardoso M. C., Silva A., Boavida J., Machado Sa Marques M., Michel G., Wirion R., Cardillo S., Pozza G., Mangili R., Asnaghi V., Standl E., Schaffler B., Brand H., Harms A., Ben Soussan M., Verier-Mine O., Fallas P., Fallas M. C., Holloway J., Asbury L., Betteridge D. J., Cathelineau G., Bouallouche A., Villatte Cathelineau B., Santeusanio F., Rosi G., D'Alessandro V., Cagini C., Bottini P., Reboldi G. P., Navalesi R., Penno G., Bandinelli S., Miccoli R., Nannipieri M., Ghirlanda G., Saponara C., Cotroneo P., Manto A., Minnella A., Ward J. D., Tesfaye S., Eaton S., Mody C., Borra M., Cavallo Perin P., Giunti S., Grassi G., Pagano G. F., Porta M., Sivieri R., Vitelli F., Veglio M., Papazoglou N., Manes G., Muggeo M., Iagulli M., Cacciatori V., Cattedra di Malattie del Metabolismo V., Irsigler K., Abrahamian H., Walford S., Sinclair J., Hughes S., McLelland V., Ward J., Roglic G., Metelko Z., Pepeonik Z. R.

المساهمون: Peeters, S. A., Engelen, L., Buijs, J., Chaturvedi, N., Fuller, J. H., Schalkwijk, C. G., Stehouwer, C. D., Karamanos, B., Kofinis, A., Petrou, K., Giorgino, F., Picca, G., Angarano, A., Pergola. G., De, Laviola, L., Giorgino, R., Ionescu-Tirgoviste, C., Coszma, A., Guja, C., Songini, M., Casu, A., Pedron, M., Pintus, S., Fossarello, M., Ferriss, J. B., Grealy, G., O'Keefe, D., Toeller, M., Arden, C., Rottiers, R., Tuyttens, C., Priem, H., Ebeling, P., Kylliainen, M., Koivisto, V. A., Idzior-Walus, B., Sieradzki, J., Cyganek, K., Solnica, B., Lemkes, H. H. P. J., Lemkes-Stuffken, J. C., Nunes-Correa, J., Rogado, M. C., Gardete-Correia, L., Cardoso, M. C., Silva, A., Boavida, J., Machado Sa Marques, M., Michel, G., Wirion, R., Cardillo, S., Pozza, G., Mangili, R., Asnaghi, V., Standl, E., Schaffler, B., Brand, H., Harms, A., Ben Soussan, M., Verier-Mine, O., Fallas, P., Fallas, M. C., Holloway, J., Asbury, L., Betteridge, D. J., Cathelineau, G., Bouallouche, A., Villatte Cathelineau, B., Santeusanio, F., Rosi, G., D'Alessandro, V., Cagini, C., Bottini, P., Reboldi, G. P., Navalesi, R., Penno, G., Bandinelli, S., Miccoli, R., Nannipieri, M., Ghirlanda, G., Saponara, C., Cotroneo, P., Manto, A., Minnella, A., Ward, J. D., Tesfaye, S., Eaton, S., Mody, C., Borra, M., Cavallo Perin, P., Giunti, S., Grassi, G., Pagano, G. F., Porta, M., Sivieri, R., Vitelli, F., Veglio, M., Papazoglou, N., Manes, G.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Albuminuria, Cardiovascular disease, Matrix metalloproteinase, Retinopathy, Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase, Type 1 diabete, Adult, Biomarker, Cohort Studie, Cross-Sectional Studie, Diabetes Complication, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Europe, Female, Human, Male, Matrix Metalloproteinase 10, Matrix Metalloproteinase 2, Matrix Metalloproteinase 3, Middle Aged, Prospective Studie, Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1, Vascular Diseases

الوصف: Impaired regulation of extracellular matrix remodeling by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) may contribute to vascular complications in patients with type 1 diabetes. We investigated associations between plasma MMP-1, -2, -3, -9, -10 and TIMP-1, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) or microvascular complications in type 1 diabetic patients. We also evaluated to which extent these associations could be explained by low-grade inflammation (LGI) or endothelial dysfunction (ED). Methods: 493 type 1 diabetes patients (39.5 ± 9.9 years old, 51% men) from the EURODIAB Prospective Complications Study were included. Linear regression analysis was applied to investigate differences in plasma levels of MMP-1, -2, -3, -9, -10, and TIMP-1 between patients with and without CVD, albuminuria or retinopathy. All analyses were adjusted for age, sex, duration of diabetes, Hba1c and additionally for other cardiovascular risk factors including LGI and ED. Results: Patients with CVD (n = 118) showed significantly higher levels of TIMP-1 [β = 0.32 SD (95%CI: 0.12; 0.52)], but not of MMPs, than patients without CVD (n = 375). Higher plasma levels of MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-10 and TIMP-1 were associated with higher levels of albuminuria (p-trends were 0.028, 0.004, 0.005 and 0.001, respectively). Severity of retinopathy was significantly associated with higher levels of MMP-2 (p-trend = 0.017). These associations remained significant after further adjustment for markers of LGI and ED. Conclusions: These data support the hypothesis that impaired regulation of matrix remodeling by actions of MMP-2, -3 and-10 and TIMP-1 contributes to the pathogenesis of vascular complications in type 1 diabetes.

العلاقة: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/25848912; info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000350726000001; volume:14; issue:1; firstpage:31; journal:CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY; http://hdl.handle.net/11586/353539Test; info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-84925234995

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-015-0195-2Test
http://hdl.handle.net/11586/353539Test

المؤلفون: Stergios Kofinis

الوصف: Αντικείμενο της παρούσας διατριβής είναι η μελέτη της απαγόρευσης διακρίσεων και ειδικότερα η διερεύνηση της σχέσης της με την αρχή της ισότητας. Προσανατολισμένη στην προστασία συγκεκριμένων πληθυσμιακών ομάδων, οι οποίες συγκροτούνται βάσει κάποιου κοινού χαρακτηριστικού, η απαγόρευση των διακρίσεων εμφανίζεται συχνά ως έννοια ταυτόσημη ή υπάλληλη της αρχής της ισότητας και έχει διεισδύσει, μέσω κυρίως του ενωσιακού δικαίου, στην ελληνική έννομη τάξη, όπου συνυπάρχει με τη γενική αρχή της ισότητας. Η μελέτη εκκινεί από την υπόθεση εργασίας ότι η απαγόρευση διακρίσεων δεν ταυτίζεται με την αρχή της ισότητας, αλλά αντιθέτως αποτελεί μία ουσιαστική εκδοχή της, προϊόν της αλληλεπίδρασής της με την αρχή του σεβασμού της ανθρώπινης αξιοπρέπειας. Η τεκμηρίωση αυτής της υπόθεσης εργασίας έχει ως αφετηρία την εξέταση της αρχής της ισότητας, ως θεμελιώδους αρχής της έννομης τάξης μας, και ειδικότερα αφενός την παρουσίαση κατά τρόπο συστηματικό των επιμέρους εκφάνσεών της (αριθμητική και αναλογική ισότητα, ισότητα εντός και ενώπιον του νόμου, ισότητα ευκαιριών και αποτελέσματος), αφετέρου τη διατύπωση του δικαστικού ελέγχου τήρησης της ισότητας ως μιας διαδικασίας δύο σταδίων, στο δεύτερο εκ των οποίων ελέγχεται η δικαιολόγηση τυχόν αποκλίσεων από την αρχή της ισότητας για λόγους δημοσίου συμφέροντος. Ακολούθως, μελετάται συστηματικά η απαγόρευση των διακρίσεων, όπως αναπτύχθηκε ιστορικά από τις αρχές του εικοστού αιώνα ως προϊόν σύνθετων κοινωνικών διεργασιών και κυρίως των κινημάτων κατά των διακρίσεων: αρχικώς παρουσιάζεται η διαρκώς εξελισσόμενη τυπολογία των διακρίσεων (άμεσες και έμμεσες διακρίσεις, διασταύρωση διακρίσεων, παρενόχληση, profiling) και, εν συνεχεία, οι δικονομικοί κανόνες που ρυθμίζουν την αντιμετώπισή τους (επάλληλες βαθμίδες ελέγχου, αντιστροφή του βάρους απόδειξης, υποθετική ομάδα σύγκρισης, έμμεση απόδειξη). Ως πλέον κρίσιμος παράγοντας εντοπισμού των ύποπτων κριτηρίων αναδεικνύεται η έννοια του στίγματος, μέσω της οποίας υπεισέρχεται η αρχής της ανθρώπινης αξιοπρέπειας στην ανάλυση του δικαίου της μη διάκρισης. Τέλος, επιχειρείται η συστηματοποίηση και ανάλυση, υπό το φως των συμπερασμάτων της ως το σημείο αυτό έρευνας, των διατάξεων απαγόρευσης των διακρίσεων που διαθέτει η ελληνική έννομη τάξη και προέρχονται από τρεις πηγές: από το δίκαιο της Ε.Ε. με την πληθώρα των οδηγιών πάνω στο ζήτημα των διακρίσεων, από διεθνείς συμβάσεις τις οποίες έχει κυρώσει με νόμο η χώρα μας και, τέλος, από τις λιγοστές και περιορισμένης εμβέλειας σχετικές διατάξεις του ελληνικού Συντάγματος.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::b28baeee6c40c389c747acde71d3ba1bTest
https://doi.org/10.12681/eadd/42837Test

المؤلفون: Angeliki Papapanagiotou-Leza, Stergios Kofinis

المصدر: Law and Judicial Dialogue on the Return of Irregular Migrants from the European Union

مصطلحات موضوعية: Refugee, Law, Political science, Directive

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::73171e15a0d4ae0fe73033eeef2bd40dTest
https://doi.org/10.5040/9781509922987.ch-012Test

المؤلفون: van Hecke, M.V., Dekker, J.M., Stehouwer, C.D.A., Polak, B.C.P., Fuller, J.H., Sjolie, A.K., Kofinis, A., Rottiers, R., Porta, M., Chaturvedi, N.

المصدر: van Hecke , M V , Dekker , J M , Stehouwer , C D A , Polak , B C P , Fuller , J H , Sjolie , A K , Kofinis , A , Rottiers , R , Porta , M & Chaturvedi , N 2005 , ' Diabetic retinopathy is associated with mortality and cardiovascular disease incidence: The EURODIAB Prospective Complications Study ' , Diabetes Care , vol. 28 , pp. 1383-1389 . https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.28.6.1383Test

الوصف: OBJECTIVE - To study the relationship of nonproliferative and proliferative retinopathy with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence in type 1 diabetic patients and, additionally, the role of cardiovascular risk factors in these associations. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - This prospective study included 2,237 type 1 diabetic patients from 31 centers in 16 European countries at baseline, aged 15-60 years, who were examined for retinopathy by taking two-field 45 degrees fundus photographs, which were centrally graded. Mortality and cardiovascular morbidity follow-up was assessed 6-8 years after baseline examination according to a standardized protocol. RESULTS - After 7.9 years of follow-up, 64 patients had died and 128 patients had incident CVD. The age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of all-cause mortality were 1.45 (95% CI 0.71-2.96) and 4.16 (1.96 - 8.84) in patients with nonproliferative and proliferative retinopathy at baseline, respectively. Adjustments for cardiovascular risk factors completely obliterated the association with nonproliferative retinopathy, whereas the association with proliferative retinopathy remained twofold increased, although nonsignificant. The age- and sex-adjusted HRs of incident CVD were 1.73 (1.15-2.60) and 2.05 (1.22-3.45) in patients with nonproliferative and proliferative retinopathy, respectively. After adjustments for cardiovascular risk factors, both associations were attenuated and lost statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS - This study shows that type 1 diabetic patients with nonproliferative or proliferative retinopathy have an increased risk for all-cause mortality and incident CVD. The presence of cardiovascular risk factors explained the associations to a large extent, except for the associations with proliferative retinopathy, which suggests that other shared mechanisms may be involved.

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.28.6.1383Test
https://cris.maastrichtuniversity.nl/en/publications/6995076a-3896-4593-9f9b-62aa9d89c22cTest

المؤلفون: Waddington, Lisa, Goulas, D., Kofinis, S.

المساهمون: International and European Law, RS: FdR - CERiM, RS: FDR - MACIMIDE, RS: FdR Europees Publiekrecht, RS: FdR Rechten van de Mens, RS: FdR IC Integratie, RS: FdR Institute MCfHR

المصدر: Applying non-discrimination law / Η απαγόρευση των διακρίσεων στην πράξη, 89-97
STARTPAGE=89;ENDPAGE=97;TITLE=Applying non-discrimination law / Η απαγόρευση των διακρίσεων στην πράξη

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=narcis______::fcdd8e53f02474005901646cf74a88f0Test
https://cris.maastrichtuniversity.nl/en/publications/d8265add-fe88-4929-95a6-15b33dbec965Test

المؤلفون: Soedamah Muthu SS, Chaturvedi N, Fuller JH, Toeller M, Karamanos B, Kofinis A, Petrou K, Giorgino F, Picca G, Angarano A, De Pergola G, Laviola L, Giorgino R, Ionescu Tirgoviste C, Coszma A, Guja C, Songini M, Casu A, Pedron M, Pintus S, FOSSARELLO, MAURIZIO, Ferriss J, O'Keefe D, Grealy G, Arden C, Rottiers R, Tuyttens C, Priem H, Ebeling P, Kyllia M, Koivisto V, Idzior Walus B, Sieradzki J, Cyganek K, Solnica B, Lemkes H, Lemkes Stuffken J, Rogado M, Gardete Correia L, Cardoso M, Silva A, Boavida J, Machado Sa Marques M, Michel G, Wirion R, Cardillo S, Pozza G, Mangili R, Asnaghi V, Standl E, Schaffler B, Brand H, Soussan D, Verier O, Fallas P, Fallas M, Fuller J, Holloway J, Asbury L, Betteridge D, Cathelineau G, Bouallouche A, Cathelineau B, Santeusanio F, Rosi G, D'Alessandro V, Cagini C, Bottini P, Reboldi G, Navalesi R, Penno G, Bandinelli S, Miccoli R, Nannipieri M, Ghirlanda G, Saponara C, Cotroneo P, Manto A, Ward J, Tesfaye S, Eaton S, Mody C, Borra M, Perin PC, Giunti S, Grassi G, Pagano G, Porta M, Sivieri R, Vitelli F, Veglio M, Papazoglou N, Manes G, Muggeo M, Iagulli M, Cacciatori V, Cattedra V, Irsigler K, Abrahamian H, Walford S, Sinclair J, Hughes S, McLelland V, Roglic G, Metelko Z, Pepeonik Z, Ferriss B, Webb D, Viberti GC, Swaminathan R, Lumb P, Collins A, Sankaralingham S, Crook MA, Aldington S, Mortemore T, Lipinski H, Scherbaum WA, Gries F.A.

المساهمون: Soedamah Muthu, S, Chaturvedi, N, Fuller, Jh, Toeller, M, Karamanos, B, Kofinis, A, Petrou, K, Giorgino, F, Picca, G, Angarano, A, De Pergola, G, Laviola, L, Giorgino, R, Ionescu Tirgoviste, C, Coszma, A, Guja, C, Songini, M, Casu, A, Pedron, M, Pintus, S, Fossarello, Maurizio, Ferriss, J, O'Keefe, D, Grealy, G, Arden, C, Rottiers, R, Tuyttens, C, Priem, H, Ebeling, P, Kyllia, M, Koivisto, V, Idzior Walus, B, Sieradzki, J, Cyganek, K, Solnica, B, Lemkes, H, Lemkes Stuffken, J, Rogado, M, Gardete Correia, L, Cardoso, M, Silva, A, Boavida, J, Machado Sa Marques, M, Michel, G, Wirion, R, Cardillo, S, Pozza, G, Mangili, R, Asnaghi, V, Standl, E, Schaffler, B, Brand, H, Soussan, D, Verier, O, Fallas, P, Fallas, M, Fuller, J, Holloway, J, Asbury, L, Betteridge, D, Cathelineau, G, Bouallouche, A, Cathelineau, B, Santeusanio, F, Rosi, G, D'Alessandro, V, Cagini, C, Bottini, P, Reboldi, G, Navalesi, R, Penno, G, Bandinelli, S, Miccoli, R, Nannipieri, M, Ghirlanda, G, Saponara, C, Cotroneo, P, Manto, A, Ward, J, Tesfaye, S, Eaton, S, Mody, C, Borra, M, Perin, Pc, Giunti, S, Grassi, G, Pagano, G, Porta, M, Sivieri, R, Vitelli, F, Veglio, M, Papazoglou, N, Manes, G, Muggeo, M, Iagulli, M, Cacciatori, V, Cattedra, V, Irsigler, K, Abrahamian, H

الوصف: BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Individuals with type 1 diabetes have a high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, and it has been reported that they consume a high atherogenic diet. We examined how nutrient intake and adherence to current European nutritional recommendations evolved in a large cohort of European individuals with type 1 diabetes over a period of 7 years. SUBJECTS/METHODS: We analysed data from the EURODIAB Prospective Complications Study, a European multicentre prospective cohort study. Standardized 3-day dietary records were employed in individuals with type 1 diabetes. One thousand one hundred and two patients (553 men, 549 women, baseline age 33 ± 10 years, duration 15 ± 9 years) had complete nutritional data available at baseline and after 7 years. We calculated mean differences in reported nutrients over time and adjusted these for age, gender, HbA1c and BMI with ANOVA models. RESULTS: Compared to baseline, there were minor changes in nutrients. Reported protein (-0.35% energy (en), fat (-1.07% en), saturated fat (-0.25% en) and cholesterol (-7.42 mg/1000 kcal) intakes were lower, whereas carbohydrate (+1.23% en) and fibre (+0.46 g/1000 kcal) intakes were higher at the 7-year follow-up. European recommendations for adequate nutrient intakes were followed in individuals with type 1 diabetes for protein (76% at baseline and 78% at follow-up), moderately for fat (34, 40%), carbohydrate (34, 41%) and cholesterol (39, 47%), but poorly for fibre (1.4, 2.4%) and saturated fat (11, 13%). CONCLUSION: European individuals with type 1 diabetes consume a high atherogenic diet as few patients met recommendations for dietary fibre and saturated fat. This study showed minor changes in dietary nutrients and energy intakes over a period of 7 years. Nutrition education needs particular focus on strategies to increase dietary fibre and reduce saturated fat to exploit their potential benefit

العلاقة: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/23224030; info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000324833000002; volume:52; issue:7; firstpage:1701; lastpage:1710; numberofpages:10; journal:EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION; http://hdl.handle.net/11584/59760Test; info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-84885471550

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-012-0473-7Test
http://hdl.handle.net/11584/59760Test

المؤلفون: van Bussel BC, Soedamah Muthu SS, Henry RM, Schalkwijk CG, Ferreira I, Karamanos B, Kofinis A, Petrou K, Giorgino F, Picca G, Angarano A, De Pergola G, Laviola L, Giorgino R, Ionescu Tirgoviste C, Coszma A, Guja C, Songini M, Casu A, Pedron M, Pintus S, FOSSARELLO, MAURIZIO, Ferriss J, Grealy G, O'Keefe D, Toeller M, Arden C, Rottiers R, Tuyttens C, Priem H, Ebeling P, Kylliäinen M, Koivisto V, Idzior Walus B, Sieradzki J, Cyganek K, Solnica B, Lemkes H, Lemkes Stuffken J, Nunes Correa J, Rogado M, Gardete Correia L, Cardoso M, Silva A, Boavida J, Machado Sa Marques M, Michel G, Wirion R, Cardillo S, Pozza G, Mangili R, Asnaghi V, Standl E, Schaffler B, Brand H, Harms A, Ben Soussan D, Verier Mine O, Fallas P, Fallas M, Fuller J, Holloway J, Asbury L, Betteridge D, Cathelineau G, Bouallouche A, Villatte Cathelineau B, Santeusanio F, Rosi G, D'Alessandro V, Cagini C, Bottini P, Reboldi G, Navalesi R, Penno G, Bandinelli S, Miccoli R, Nannipieri M, Ghirlanda G, Saponara C, Cotroneo P, Manto A, Minnella A, Ward J, Tesfaye S, Eaton S, Mody C, Borra M, Cavallo Perin P, Giunti S, Grassi G, Pagano G, Porta M, Sivieri R, Vitelli F, Veglio M, Papazoglou N, Manes G, Muggeo M, Iagulli M, Cacciatori V, Irsigler K, Abrahamian H, Walford S, Sinclair J, Hughes S, McLelland V, Roglic G, Metelko Z, Pepeonik Z, Sjolie A., Chaturvedi N, Ferriss B, Webb D, Viberti G., Swaminathan R, Lumb P, Collins A, Sankaralingham S, Crook MA, Aldington S, Mortemore T, Lipinski H, Scherbaum WA, Gries FA

المساهمون: van Bussel, Bc, Soedamah Muthu, S, Henry, Rm, Schalkwijk, Cg, Ferreira, I, Karamanos, B, Kofinis, A, Petrou, K, Giorgino, F, Picca, G, Angarano, A, De Pergola, G, Laviola, L, Giorgino, R, Ionescu Tirgoviste, C, Coszma, A, Guja, C, Songini, M, Casu, A, Pedron, M, Pintus, S, Fossarello, Maurizio, Ferriss, J, Grealy, G, O'Keefe, D, Toeller, M, Arden, C, Rottiers, R, Tuyttens, C, Priem, H, Ebeling, P, Kylliäinen, M, Koivisto, V, Idzior Walus, B, Sieradzki, J, Cyganek, K, Solnica, B, Lemkes, H, Lemkes Stuffken, J, Nunes Correa, J, Rogado, M, Gardete Correia, L, Cardoso, M, Silva, A, Boavida, J, Machado Sa Marques, M, Michel, G, Wirion, R, Cardillo, S, Pozza, G, Mangili, R, Asnaghi, V, Standl, E, Schaffler, B, Brand, H, Harms, A, Ben Soussan, D, Verier Mine, O, Fallas, P, Fallas, M, Fuller, J, Holloway, J, Asbury, L, Betteridge, D, Cathelineau, G, Bouallouche, A, Villatte Cathelineau, B, Santeusanio, F, Rosi, G, D'Alessandro, V, Cagini, C, Bottini, P, Reboldi, G, Navalesi, R, Penno, G, Bandinelli, S, Miccoli, R, Nannipieri, M, Ghirlanda, G, Saponara, C, Cotroneo, P, Manto, A, Minnella, A, Ward, J, Tesfaye, S, Eaton, S, Mody, C, Borra, M, Cavallo Perin, P, Giunti, S, Grassi, G, Pagano, G, Porta, M, Sivieri, R, Vitelli, F, Veglio, M, Papazoglou, N, Manes, G, Muggeo, M, Iagulli, M

مصطلحات موضوعية: Diet, Endothelial dysfunction, Epidemiologu

الوصف: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: A healthy diet has been inversely associated with endothelial dysfunction (ED) and low-grade inflammation (LGI). We investigated the association between nutrient consumption and biomarkers of ED and LGI in type 1 diabetes. METHODS AND RESULTS: We investigated 491 individuals. Nutrient consumption and lifestyle risk factors were measured in 1989 and 1997. Biomarkers of ED (von Willebrand factor, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and soluble endothelial selectin) and LGI (C-reactive protein, interleukin 6 and tumour necrosis factor α) were measured in 1997 and averaged into Z-scores. The nutrient residual method was used to adjust individual nutrient intake for energy intake. Data were analysed with generalised estimation equations. We report increments/decrements in nutrient consumption, averaged over time, per +1 standard deviation (SD) of 1997 ED or LGI Z-scores, after adjustment for sex, age, duration of diabetes, investigation centre, body mass index, energy intake, smoking behaviour, alcohol consumption, and each of the other nutrients. One SD elevation in ED Z-score was associated with a diet lower in fibre [β(95%CI);-0.09(-0.18;-0.004)], polyunsaturated fat [-0.18(-0.31;-0.05)] and vegetable protein [-0.10(-0.20;-0.001)]. For the LGI Z-score results showed associations with fibre [-0.09(-0.17;-0.01)], polyunsaturated fat [-0.14(-0.24;-0.03)] and cholesterol [0.10(0.01; 0.18)]. CONCLUSION: In type 1 diabetes, consumption of less fibre, polyunsaturated fat and vegetable protein, and more cholesterol over the study period was associated with more ED and LGI. Following dietary guidelines in type 1 diabetes may reduce cardiovascular disease risk by favourably affecting ED and LGI.

العلاقة: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/22795869; info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000321551300012; volume:23; issue:8; firstpage:758; lastpage:764; numberofpages:7; journal:NMCD. NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; http://hdl.handle.net/11584/58062Test; info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-84880046493

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2012.04.005Test
http://hdl.handle.net/11584/58062Test

المؤلفون: Toeller, M, Buyken, A, Heitkamp, G, Brämswig, S, Mann, J, Milne, R, Gries, F. A, Keen, H, Karamanos, B, Tountas, C, Kofinis, A, Petrou, K, Katsilambros, N, Roussipenessi, D, Cignarelli, M, Giorgino, R, Degeco, Ml, Ramunni, I, Ionescutirgoviste, C, Strachinariu, R, Nicolau, A, Tamas, G, Kerenyi, Z, Ahmed, Am, Toth, J, Kempler, P, Muntoni, S, Songini, M, Stabilini, M, Fossarello, M, Pintus, S, Ferriss, B, Cronin, Cc, Humphreys, M, Klischan, A, Forst, T, Schumacher, W, Rottiers, R, Priem, H, Deschoolmeester, Mj, Ebeling, P, Sinisalo, M, Koivisto, Va, Idziorwalus, B, Solnica, B, Szopinskaciba, L, Solnica, K, Krans, Hmj, Lemkes, Hhpj, Jansen, Jj, Eltedewever, Bm, Nunescorrea, J, Boavida, J, Carvalho, R, Afonso, Mj, Monteiro, M, Mitchell, DAVID ROSS, Jepson, E, Mchardyyoung, S, Fuller, Jh, Betteridge, Dj, Milne, M, Thompson, T, Michel, G, Wirion, R, Paquet, S, Hornick, H, Boulton, Ajm, Ashe, H, Fernando, Djs, Curwell, J, Pozza, G, Slaviero, G, Comi, G, Fattor, B, Bandello, F, Marchi, Manuel, Mehnert, H, Nuber, A, Janka, H, Nichting, M, Standl, E, Crepaldi, G, Nosadini, R, Cathelineau, G, Cathelineau, Bv, Jellal, M, Grodner, N, Feiss, Pg, Baclet, N, Santeusanio, F, Rosi, G, Ventura, Mrm, Cagini, C, Marino, C, Navalesi, R, Penno, G, Miccoli, R, Nannipieri, M, Manfredi, S, Bertolotto, A, Ghirlanda, G, Cotroneo, P, Manto, A, Teodonio, C, Minnella, A, Careddu, G, Ward, Jd, Tesfaye, S, Mody, C, Rudd, C, Molinatti, Gm, Vitelli, F, Porta, M, Pagano, Gf, Estivi, Sivieri, P., R, Carta, Q, Petraroli, G, Papazoglu, N, Goutzourela, M, Manes, C, Bensoussan, D, Fallas, Mc, Fallas, P, Dhanaeus, C, Muggeo, M, Cacciatori, V, Bellavere, F, Galante, P, Gemma, Ml, Branzi, P, Irsigler, K, Abrahamian, H, Gurdet, C, Hornlein, B, Willinger, C, Strohner, H, Just, M, Walford, S, Wardle, Henio, Ev, S, Cooke, H, Roglic, G, Resman, Z, Metelko, Z, Skrabalo, Z, Vrhovac, V.

المساهمون: Toeller, M, Buyken, A, Heitkamp, G, Bramswig, S, Mann, J, Milne, R, Gries, Fa, Keen, H, Karamanos, B, Tountas, C, Kofinis, A, Petrou, K, Katsilambros, N, Roussipenessi, D, Cignarelli, M, Giorgino, R, Degeco, Ml, Ramunni, I, Ionescutirgoviste, C, Strachinariu, R, Nicolau, A, Tamas, G, Kerenyi, Z, Ahmed, Am, Toth, J, Kempler, P, Muntoni, S, Songini, M, Stabilini, M, Fossarello, M, Pintus, S, Ferriss, B, Cronin, Cc, Humphreys, M, Klischan, A, Forst, T, Schumacher, W, Rottiers, R, Priem, H, Deschoolmeester, Mj, Ebeling, P, Sinisalo, M, Koivisto, Va, Idziorwalus, B, Solnica, B, Szopinskaciba, L, Solnica, K, Krans, Hmj, Lemkes, Hhpj, Jansen, Jj, Eltedewever, Bm, Nunescorrea, J, Boavida, J, Carvalho, R, Afonso, Mj, Monteiro, M, David, R, Jepson, E, Mchardyyoung, S, Fuller, Jh, Betteridge, Dj, Milne, M, Thompson, T, Michel, G, Wirion, R, Paquet, S, Hornick, H, Boulton, Ajm, Ashe, H, Fernando, Dj, Curwell, J, Pozza, G, Slaviero, G, Comi, G, Fattor, B, Bandello, F, Marchi, M, Mehnert, H, Nuber, A, Janka, H, Nichting, M, Standl, E, Crepaldi, G, Nosadini, R, Cathelineau, G, Cathelineau, Bv, Jellal, M, Grodner, N, Feiss, Pg, Baclet, N, Santeusanio, F, Rosi, G, Ventura, Mrm, Cagini, C, Marino, C, Navalesi, R, Penno, G, Miccoli, R, Nannipieri, M, Manfredi, S, Bertolotto, A, Ghirlanda, G, Cotroneo, P, Manto, A, Teodonio, C, Minnella, A, Careddu, G, Ward, Jd, Tesfaye, S, Mody, C, Rudd, C, Molinatti, Gm, Vitelli, F, Porta, M, Pagano, Gf, Estivi, P, Sivieri, R, Carta, Q, Petraroli, G, Papazoglu, N, Goutzourela, M, Manes, C, Bensoussan, D, Fallas, Mc, Fallas, P, Dhanaeus, C, Muggeo, M, Cacciatori, V, Bellavere, F, Galante, P, Gemma, Ml, Branzi, P, Irsigler, K, Abrahamian, H, Gurdet, C, Hornlein, B, Willinger, C, Strohner, H, Just, M, Walford, S, Wardle, Ev, Henio, S, Cooke, H, Roglic, G, Resman, Z, Metelko, Z, Skrabalo, Z, Vrhovac, V

المصدر: Diabetologia. 40:1219-1226

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, endocrine system diseases, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Urinary system, Physiology, Albuminuria, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Diabetic Nephropathies, Dietary Proteins, Europe, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Nephropathy, Protein intake, urinary albumin, Diabetic nephropathy, Excretion, Diabetes mellitus, Internal medicine, Diabetes Mellitus, Internal Medicine, Medicine, Proteinuria, business.industry, medicine.disease, Endocrinology, Blood pressure, medicine.symptom, business, Type 1, Kidney disease

الوصف: For people with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) renal disease represents a life-threatening and costly complication. The EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study, a cross-sectional, clinic-based study, was designed to determine the prevalence of renal complications and putative risk factors in stratified samples of European individuals with IDDM. The present study examined the relationship between dietary protein intake and urinary albumin excretion rate (AER). Food intake was assessed centrally by a standardized 3-day dietary record. Urinary AER was determined in a central laboratory from a timed 24-h urine collection. Complete data were available from 2696 persons with IDDM from 30 centres in 16 European countries. In individuals who reported protein consumption less than 20 % of total food energy intake, mean AER was below 20 μg/min. In those in whom protein intake constituted more than 20 %, mean AER increased, a trend particularly pronounced in individuals with hypertension and/or poor metabolic control. Trends reached statistical significance for intakes of total protein (% of energy, p = 0.01) and animal protein (% of energy, p = 0.02), while no association was seen for vegetable protein (p = 0.83). These findings support the current recommendation for people with diabetes not to exceed a protein intake of 20 % of total energy. Monitoring and adjustment of dietary protein appears particularly desirable for individuals with AER exceeding 20 μg/min (approximately 30 mg/24 h), especially when arterial pressure is raised and/or diabetic control is poor. [Diabetologia (1997) 40: 1219–1226]

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::1eea3d2526b82541805d1309de7e8f03Test
https://doi.org/10.1007/s001250050810Test

المؤلفون: Toeller M, Buyken A, Heitkamp G, Milne R, Klischan A, Gries FA, Fuller JH, Keen H, Krans HMJ, Navalesi R, Sjolie AK, Stephenson JM, Viberti GC, Karamanos B, Tountas C, Kofinis A, Petrou K, Katsilambros N, RoussiPenessi D, Cignarelli M, Giorgino R, DeGeco ML, Ramunni I, IonescuTirgoviste C, Strachinariu R, Nicolau A, Tamas G, Kerenyi Z, Ahmed AM, Toth J, Kempler P, Muntoni S, Songini M, Stabilini M, Fossarello M, Pintus S, Ferriss B, Cronin CC, Humphreys M, Forst T, Schumacher W, Wagener W, Venhaus A, Rottiers R, Priem H, Deschoolmeester MJ, Ebeling P, Sinisalo M, Koivisto VA, IdziorWalus B, Solnica B, SzopinskaCiba L, Solnica K, Lemkes HHPJ, Jansen JJ, EltedeWever BM, NunesCorrea J, Boavida J, Carvalho R, Afonso MJ, Monteiro M, David R, Jepson E, McHardyYoung S, Betteridge DJ, Milne M, Thompson T, Michel G, Wirion R, Paquet S, Hornick H, Boulton AJM, Ashe H, Fernando DJS, Curwell J, Pozza G, Slaviero G, Comi G, Fattor B, Marchi M, Mehnert H, Nuber A, Janka H, Nichting M, Standl E, Crepaldi G, Nosadini R, Cathelineau G, Cathelineau BV, Jellal M, Grodner N, Feiss PG, Baclet N, Santeusanio F, Rosi G, Ventura MRM, Cagini C, Marino C, Penno G, Miccoli R, Nannipieri M, Manfredi S, Bertolotto A, Ghirlanda G, Manto A, Cotroneo P, Ward JD, Tesfaye S, Mody C, Rudd C, Papazoglou N, Goutzourela M, Manes C, Molinatti GM, Vitelli F, Porta M, Pagano GF, Estivi P, Sivieri R, Carta Q, Petraroli G, BenSoussan D, Fallas MC, Fallas P, Dhanaeus C, Bourgeois MD, Muggeo M, Cacciatori V, Bellavere F, Galante P, Gemma ML, Branzi P, Irsigler K, Abrahamian H, Gurdet C, Hornlein B, Willinger C, Strohner H, Just M, Walford S, Wardle EV, Henio S, Cooke H, Roglic G, Resman Z, Metelko Z, Skrabalo Z., BANDELLO , FRANCESCO

المساهمون: Toeller, M, Buyken, A, Heitkamp, G, Milne, R, Klischan, A, Gries, Fa, Fuller, Jh, Keen, H, Krans, Hmj, Navalesi, R, Sjolie, Ak, Stephenson, Jm, Viberti, Gc, Karamanos, B, Tountas, C, Kofinis, A, Petrou, K, Katsilambros, N, Roussipenessi, D, Cignarelli, M, Giorgino, R, Degeco, Ml, Ramunni, I, Ionescutirgoviste, C, Strachinariu, R, Nicolau, A, Tamas, G, Kerenyi, Z, Ahmed, Am, Toth, J, Kempler, P, Muntoni, S, Songini, M, Stabilini, M, Fossarello, M, Pintus, S, Ferriss, B, Cronin, Cc, Humphreys, M, Forst, T, Schumacher, W, Wagener, W, Venhaus, A, Rottiers, R, Priem, H, Deschoolmeester, Mj, Ebeling, P, Sinisalo, M, Koivisto, Va, Idziorwalus, B, Solnica, B, Szopinskaciba, L, Solnica, K, Lemkes, Hhpj, Jansen, Jj, Eltedewever, Bm, Nunescorrea, J, Boavida, J, Carvalho, R, Afonso, Mj, Monteiro, M, David, R, Jepson, E, Mchardyyoung, S, Betteridge, Dj, Milne, M, Thompson, T, Michel, G, Wirion, R, Paquet, S, Hornick, H, Boulton, Ajm, Ashe, H, Fernando, Dj, Curwell, J, Pozza, G, Slaviero, G, Comi, G, Fattor, B, Bandello, Francesco, Marchi, M, Mehnert, H, Nuber, A, Janka, H, Nichting, M, Standl, E, Crepaldi, G, Nosadini, R, Cathelineau, G, Cathelineau, Bv, Jellal, M, Grodner, N, Feiss, Pg, Baclet, N, Santeusanio, F, Rosi, G, Ventura, Mrm, Cagini, C, Marino, C, Penno, G, Miccoli, R, Nannipieri, M, Manfredi, S, Bertolotto, A, Ghirlanda, G, Manto, A, Cotroneo, P, Ward, Jd, Tesfaye, S, Mody, C, Rudd, C, Papazoglou, N, Goutzourela, M, Manes, C, Molinatti, Gm, Vitelli, F, Porta, M, Pagano, Gf, Estivi, P, Sivieri, R, Carta, Q, Petraroli, G, Bensoussan, D, Fallas, Mc, Fallas, P, Dhanaeus, C, Bourgeois, Md, Muggeo, M, Cacciatori, V, Bellavere, F, Galante, P, Gemma, Ml, Branzi, P, Irsigler, K, Abrahamian, H, Gurdet, C, Hornlein, B, Willinger, C, Strohner, H, Just, M, Walford, S, Wardle, Ev, Henio, S, Cooke, H, Roglic, G, Resman, Z, Metelko, Z, Skrabalo, Z.

المصدر: Scopus-Elsevier

مصطلحات موضوعية: Dietary Fiber, medicine.medical_specialty, Alcohol Drinking, European community, Saturated fat, Population, Medicine (miscellaneous), the EURODIAB IDDM Study, Diabetes mellitus, Dietary Carbohydrates, medicine, Humans, education, education.field_of_study, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Reproducibility of Results, Repeatability, medicine.disease, Dietary Fats, Diet Records, Confidence interval, Surgery, Europe, three-day dietary records, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Nutrition Assessment, Quartile, Cohort, Dietary Proteins, Energy Intake, business, Demography

الوصف: Objectives: Repeatability of a dietary method is important in determining the quality of nutritional data. It should be assessed in the population of interest. This study evaluated the repeatability of nutritional data from standardized three-day dietary records, from the clinic-based, cross-sectional multi-centre EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study. Design and Subjects: 15% of the total EURODIAB cohort was randomly selected to test the repeatability of nutritional intake data. Two three-day records, completed three weeks apart, were available for 216 diabetic patients (7.5%) representative of the total cohort. All records were analysed centrally, for intakes of protein (animal and vegetable), fat (saturated fat and cholesterol), carbohydrate, fibre, alcohol and energy. Repeatability was measured comparing mean intakes, determining the proportion of patients classified into the same/opposite quartile by the two three-day records and assessing mean differences with standard deviations (s.d.d). Results: There were no significant differences in mean energy and nutrient intakes between the first and second records. Classification of individuals into the opposite quartile occurred only in 0–4% of patients and overall about 50% (range 44–74%) of the subjects were classified into the same quartiles of intakes. Only small mean differences were found for energy intake (−156 (1633) kJ; 95% confidence limits −375, 63 kJ) and nutrients with s.d.ds comparable to intra-individual variations in the general population. The differences in energy intake were randomly distributed over the range of intakes. Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that standardized three day dietary records show a high degree of repeatability within a short period of time in a sample of European IDDM patients. The good repeatability strengthens the conclusions drawn from the nutritional data in the EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study. Sponsorship: Nutrition Co-ordinating Centre research funds, Diabetes Research Institute at Heinrich-Heine University, Dusseldorf. The EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study was supported by the European Community.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::33ec27a16ea466dbe1b714a1fcb6e07cTest
https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600364Test

المؤلفون: Nin JW, Ferreira I, Schalkwijk CG, Prins MH, Chaturvedi N, Fuller JH, Stehouwer CD, Karamanos B, Kofinis A, Petrou K, Giorgino F, Picca G, Angarano A, De Pergola G, Laviola L, Giorgino R, Ionescu Tirgoviste C, Coszma A, Guja C, Songini M, Casu A, Pedron M, Pintus S, FOSSARELLO, MAURIZIO, Ferriss JB, Grealy G, Keefe DO, Toeller M, Arden C, Rottiers R, Tuyttens C, Priem H, Ebeling P, Kylliäinen M, Koivisto VA, Idzior Walus B, Sieradzki J, Cyganek K, Solnica B, Lemkes HH, Lemkes Stuffken JC, Nunes Correa J, Rogado MC, Gardete Correia L, Cardoso MC, Silva A, Boavida J, Machado Sa Marques M, Michel G, Wirion R, Cardillo S, Pozza G, Mangili R, Asnaghi V, Standl E, Schaffler B, Brand H, Harms A, Ben Soussan D, Verier Mine O, Fallas P, Fallas MC, Holloway J, Asbury L, Betteridge DJ, Cathelineau G, Bouallouche A, Villatte Cathelineau B, Santeusanio F, Rosi G, D'Alessandro V, Cagini C, Bottini P, Reboldi GP, Navalesi R, Penno G, Bandinelli S, Miccoli R, Nannipieri M, Ghirlanda G, Saponara C, Cotroneo P, Manto A, Minnella A, Ward JD, Tesfaye S, Eaton S, Mody C, Borra M, Cavallo Perin P, Giunti S, Grassi G, Pagano GF, Porta M, Sivieri R, Vitelli F, Veglio M, Papazoglou N, Manes G, Muggeo M, Iagulli M, Irsigler K, Abrahamian H, Walford S, Sinclair J, Hughes S, McLelland V, Ward J, Roglic G, Metelko Z, Pepeonik ZR, Sjolie AK, Ferriss B, Webb D, Viberti GC, Swaminathan R, Lumb P, Collins A, Sankaralingham S, Aldington S, Mortemore T, Lipinski H.

المساهمون: Nin, Jw, Ferreira, I, Schalkwijk, Cg, Prins, Mh, Chaturvedi, N, Fuller, Jh, Stehouwer, Cd, Karamanos, B, Kofinis, A, Petrou, K, Giorgino, F, Picca, G, Angarano, A, De Pergola, G, Laviola, L, Giorgino, R, Ionescu Tirgoviste, C, Coszma, A, Guja, C, Songini, M, Casu, A, Pedron, M, Pintus, S, Fossarello, Maurizio, Ferriss, Jb, Grealy, G, Keefe, Do, Toeller, M, Arden, C, Rottiers, R, Tuyttens, C, Priem, H, Ebeling, P, Kylliäinen, M, Koivisto, Va, Idzior Walus, B, Sieradzki, J, Cyganek, K, Solnica, B, Lemkes, Hh, Lemkes Stuffken, Jc, Nunes Correa, J, Rogado, Mc, Gardete Correia, L, Cardoso, Mc, Silva, A, Boavida, J, Machado Sa Marques, M, Michel, G, Wirion, R, Cardillo, S, Pozza, G, Mangili, R, Asnaghi, V, Standl, E, Schaffler, B, Brand, H, Harms, A, Ben Soussan, D, Verier Mine, O, Fallas, P, Fallas, Mc, Holloway, J, Asbury, L, Betteridge, Dj, Cathelineau, G, Bouallouche, A, Villatte Cathelineau, B, Santeusanio, F, Rosi, G, D'Alessandro, V, Cagini, C, Bottini, P, Reboldi, Gp, Navalesi, R, Penno, G, Bandinelli, S, Miccoli, R, Nannipieri, M, Ghirlanda, G, Saponara, C, Cotroneo, P, Manto, A, Minnella, A, Ward, Jd, Tesfaye, S, Eaton, S, Mody, C, Borra, M, Cavallo Perin, P, Giunti, S, Grassi, G, Pagano, Gf, Porta, M, Sivieri, R, Vitelli, F, Veglio, M, Papazoglou, N, Manes, G

الوصف: CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: High-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that may contribute to the pathogenesis of micro- and macrovascular complications commonly observed in diabetes. We investigated whether HMGB1 is associated with: i) markers of low-grade inflammation (LGI) and endothelial dysfunction (ED) and pulse pressure (PP, a marker of arterial stiffness); ii) prevalent nephropathy, retinopathy and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in type 1 diabetes; and iii) the potential mediating roles of LGI, ED and PP therein. DESIGN AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional nested case-control study of 463 patients (226 women; mean age 40±10 years) with type 1 diabetes from the EURODIAB Prospective Complications Study. We used linear and binary or multinomial logistic regression analyses adjusted for traditional risk factors. RESULTS: Serum Ln-HMGB1 levels were positively associated with LGI and ED (standardised β=0.07 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.02-0.12) and β=0.08 (95% CI: 0.02-0.14) respectively), but not with PP. Higher Ln-HMGB1 (per unit) was associated with greater odds of micro- and macroalbuminuria: odds ratio (OR)=1.24 (95% CI: 0.90-1.71) and OR=1.61 (95% CI: 1.15-2.25) respectively, P for trend=0.004. Further adjustments for LGI or ED did not attenuate these associations. No such associations were found between Ln-HMGB1 and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), retinopathy or CVD, however. CONCLUSIONS: In type 1 diabetes, higher serum HMGB1 levels are associated with greater prevalence and severity of albuminuria, though not with eGFR, retinopathy and CVD. Prospective studies are needed to clarify the causal role of HMGB1, if any, in the pathogenesis of vascular complications in type 1 diabetes.

العلاقة: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/22127490; info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000300295000023; volume:166; issue:2; firstpage:325; lastpage:332; numberofpages:8; journal:EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY; http://hdl.handle.net/11584/58104Test; info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-84856078195

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-11-0662Test
http://hdl.handle.net/11584/58104Test