المؤلفون: Osuret, Jimmy, Van Niekerk, Ashley, Kobusingye, Olive, Atuyambe, Lynn, Nankabirwa, Victoria

مصطلحات موضوعية: Original research

الوصف: Background Pedestrian crashes, often occurring while road crossing and associated with crossing behaviour, make up 34.8% of road casualties in Uganda. This study determined crossing behaviour and associated factors among child pedestrians around primary schools in Kampala, Uganda. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in 2022 among 2100 primary school children. Data on their crossing behaviour were collected using video recordings from cameras staged at the crossing points of 21 schools. We estimated prevalence ratios (PR) with their corresponding 95% CIs using a modified Poisson regression model for the association between unsafe behaviour and the predictors. Results The prevalence for each of 5 unsafe child pedestrian behaviour was 206 (25.8%) for crossing outside the crosswalk, 415 (19.8%) for failing to wait at the kerb, 238 (11.3%) for failing to look for vehicles, 361 (17.2%) for running and 235 (13%) for crossing between vehicles. There was a higher likelihood of crossing outside the crosswalk when an obstacle was present (adjusted PR (aPR) 1.8; 95% CI 1.40 to 2.27) and when children crossed alone (aPR 1.5; 95% CI 1.13 to 2.06). Children who crossed without a traffic warden (aPR 2; 95% CI 1.40 to 2.37) had a significantly higher prevalence of failing to wait at a kerb. Conclusion These findings reveal the interaction between child pedestrians, vehicles and the environment at crossings. Some factors associated with unsafe child pedestrian behaviour were the presence of an obstacle, crossing alone and the absence of a traffic warden. These findings can help researchers and practitioners understand child pedestrian crossing behaviour, highlighting the need to prioritise targeted safety measures.

وصف الملف: text/html

العلاقة: http://injuryprevention.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/30/3/216Test; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ip-2023-044932Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1136/ip-2023-044932Test
http://injuryprevention.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/30/3/216Test

المؤلفون: Tingvall, Claes, 1953, Michael, Jeffrey P., Larsson, Peter, Lie, Anders, 1959, Segui-Gomez, Maria, Wong, Shaw Voon, Kobusingye, Olive, Krafft, Maria, Wegman, F., Peden, Margie, Hyder, Adnan, Khayesi, Meleckidzedeck, Dumbaugh, Eric, Cockfield, Samantha, Furas, Alejandro

المصدر: The Vision Zero Handbook: Theory, Technology and Management for a Zero Casualty Policy. :789-839

مصطلحات موضوعية: Real-life evaluation, In-depth data, Combined benefits, Boundary conditions, Target setting, Safety gaps

الوصف: Road safety analysis can be used to understand what has been successful in the past and what needs to be changed in order to be successful to reduce severe road trauma going forward and ultimately what's needed to achieve zero. This chapter covers some of the tools used to retrospectively evaluate real-life benefits of road safety measures and methods used to predict the combined effects of interventions in a road safety action plan as well as to estimate if they are sufficient to achieve targets near-term and long-term. Included are also a brief overview of methods to develop boundary conditions on what constitutes a Safe System for different road users. Further to that, the chapter lists some arguments for the need of high-quality mass and in-depth data to ensure confidence in the results and conclusions from road safety analysis. Finally, a few key messages are summarized.

وصف الملف: electronic

الوصول الحر: https://research.chalmers.se/publication/535946Test
https://research.chalmers.se/publication/535946/file/535946_Fulltext.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Alves, Kristin, Penny, Norgrove, Ekure, John, Olupot, Robert, Kobusingye, Olive, Katz, Jeffrey N, Sabatini, Coleen S

المصدر: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. 19(1)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Health Sciences, Clinical Research, Pediatric, Prevention, Buttocks, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Fibrosis, Humans, Injections, Intramuscular, Male, Paralysis, Prevalence, Retrospective Studies, Rural Health, Uganda, Gluteal fibrosis, Post-injection paralysis, Orthopedics, Clinical sciences, Allied health and rehabilitation science, Sports science and exercise

الوصف: BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of postinjection paralysis (PIP) and gluteal fibrosis (GF) among children treated in a rural Ugandan Hospital.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study by reviewing the musculoskeletal clinic and community outreach logs for children (age

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/82b3m32wTest

المؤلفون: Alves, Kristin, Penny, Norgrove, Kobusingye, Olive, Olupot, Robert, Katz, Jeffrey N, Sabatini, Coleen S

المصدر: International Orthopaedics. 42(8)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Clinical Research, Pediatric, Brain Disorders, Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Infection, Musculoskeletal, Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Cohort Studies, Cost of Illness, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Musculoskeletal Diseases, Prevalence, Retrospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Uganda, Pediatric musculoskeletal health, Pediatric orthopaedics, Gluteal fibrosis, Post-injection paralysis, MSK burden, Orthopedics, Clinical sciences

الوصف: PurposeThe purpose of this study is to estimate the burden of musculoskeletal disease among children treated in Kumi District, Uganda, to inform training, capacity-building efforts, and resource allocation.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study by reviewing the musculoskeletal (MSK) clinic and community outreach logs for children (age

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2253879tTest

المؤلفون: Oporia, Frederick, Nuwaha, Fred, Kobusingye, Olive, Jagnoor, Jagnoor, Makumbi, Fredrick Edward, Isunju, John Bosco, Kibira, Simon P S

مصطلحات موضوعية: Original research

الوصف: Background Occupational drowning is a growing public health concern globally. The human cost of fishing is highest in sub-Saharan Africa. Although lifejackets prevent drowning, the majority of boaters in Uganda do not wear them. We developed and validated a peer-to-peer training manual to improve lifejacket wear among occupational boaters on Lake Albert, Uganda. Methods The intervention was developed in three stages. In stage one, we conducted baseline studies to explore and identify aspects of practices that need to change. In stage two, we held a stakeholder workshop to identify relevant interventions following the intervention functions of the behaviour change wheel (BCW). In stage three, we developed the content and identified its implementation strategies. We validated the intervention package using the Content Validity Index for each item (I-CVI) and scale (S-CVI/Ave). Results Seven interventions were identified and proposed by stakeholders. Training and sensitisation by peers were unanimously preferred. The lowest I-CVI for the content was 86%, with an S-CVI/Ave of 98%. This indicates that the intervention package was highly relevant to the target community. Conclusion The stakeholder workshop enabled a participatory approach to identify the most appropriate intervention. All the proposed interventions fell under one of the intervention functions of the BCW. The intervention should be evaluated for its effectiveness in improving lifejacket wear among occupational boaters.

وصف الملف: text/html

العلاقة: http://injuryprevention.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/29/6/493Test; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ip-2022-044840Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1136/ip-2022-044840Test
http://injuryprevention.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/29/6/493Test

المؤلفون: Oporia, Frederick, Kibira, Simon P. S., Jagnoor, Jagnoor, Kobusingye, Olive, Makumbi, Fredrick Edward, Isunju, John Bosco, Nuwaha, Fred

المساهمون: Wade, Timothy J., Bloomberg Philanthropies, Consortium for Advanced Research Training in Africa, Government of Uganda

المصدر: PLOS ONE ; volume 18, issue 10, page e0292754 ; ISSN 1932-6203

الوصف: Background The burden of drowning among occupational boaters in low and middle-income countries is highest globally. In Uganda, over 95% of people who drowned from boating-related activities were not wearing lifejackets at the time of the incident. We implemented and evaluated a peer-led training program to improve lifejacket wear among occupational boaters on Lake Albert, Uganda. Methods We conducted a two-arm cluster randomized controlled trial in which fourteen landing sites were randomized to the intervention and non-intervention arm with a 1:1 allocation ratio. In the intervention arm, a six-month peer-to-peer training program on lifejacket wear was implemented while the non-intervention arm continued to receive the routine Marine Police sensitizations on drowning prevention through its community policing program. The effect of the intervention was assessed on self-reported and observed lifejacket wear using a test of differences in proportions of wear following the intention to treat principle. The effect of contamination was assessed using mixed effect modified Poisson regression following the As Treated analysis principle at 95% CI. Results are reported according to the CONSORT statement–extension for cluster randomized trials. Results Self-reported lifejacket wear increased markedly from 30.8% to 65.1% in the intervention arm compared to the non-intervention arm which rose from 29.9% to 43.2%. Observed wear increased from 1.0% to 26.8% in the intervention arm and from 0.6% to 8.8% in the non-intervention arm. The test of differences in proportions of self-reported lifejacket wear (65.1%– 43.2% = 21.9%, p-value <0.001) and observed wear (26.8%– 8.8% = 18%, p-value <0.001) showed statistically significant differences between the intervention and non-intervention arm. Self-reported lifejacket wear was higher among boaters who received peer training than those who did not (Adj. PR 1.78, 95% CI 1.38–2.30). Conclusion This study demonstrated that peer-led training significantly improves lifejacket wear ...

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0292754Test

المؤلفون: Osuret, Jimmy, Van Niekerk, Ashley, Kobusingye, Olive, Atuyambe, Lynn, Nankabirwa, Victoria

المساهمون: German Federal Ministry of Education and Research

المصدر: Injury Prevention ; volume 30, issue 3, page 216-223 ; ISSN 1353-8047 1475-5785

الوصف: Background Pedestrian crashes, often occurring while road crossing and associated with crossing behaviour, make up 34.8% of road casualties in Uganda. This study determined crossing behaviour and associated factors among child pedestrians around primary schools in Kampala, Uganda. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in 2022 among 2100 primary school children. Data on their crossing behaviour were collected using video recordings from cameras staged at the crossing points of 21 schools. We estimated prevalence ratios (PR) with their corresponding 95% CIs using a modified Poisson regression model for the association between unsafe behaviour and the predictors. Results The prevalence for each of 5 unsafe child pedestrian behaviour was 206 (25.8%) for crossing outside the crosswalk, 415 (19.8%) for failing to wait at the kerb, 238 (11.3%) for failing to look for vehicles, 361 (17.2%) for running and 235 (13%) for crossing between vehicles. There was a higher likelihood of crossing outside the crosswalk when an obstacle was present (adjusted PR (aPR) 1.8; 95% CI 1.40 to 2.27) and when children crossed alone (aPR 1.5; 95% CI 1.13 to 2.06). Children who crossed without a traffic warden (aPR 2; 95% CI 1.40 to 2.37) had a significantly higher prevalence of failing to wait at a kerb. Conclusion These findings reveal the interaction between child pedestrians, vehicles and the environment at crossings. Some factors associated with unsafe child pedestrian behaviour were the presence of an obstacle, crossing alone and the absence of a traffic warden. These findings can help researchers and practitioners understand child pedestrian crossing behaviour, highlighting the need to prioritise targeted safety measures.

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1136/ip-2023-044932Test

المؤلفون: Jamison, Dean T, Alwan, Ala, Mock, Charles N, Nugent, Rachel, Watkins, David, Adeyi, Olusoji, Anand, Shuchi, Atun, Rifat, Bertozzi, Stefano, Bhutta, Zulfiqar, Binagwaho, Agnes, Black, Robert, Blecher, Mark, Bloom, Barry R, Brouwer, Elizabeth, Bundy, Donald AP, Chisholm, Dan, Cieza, Alarcos, Cullen, Mark, Danforth, Kristen, de Silva, Nilanthi, Debas, Haile T, Donkor, Peter, Dua, Tarun, Fleming, Kenneth A, Gallivan, Mark, Garcia, Patricia J, Gawande, Atul, Gaziano, Thomas, Gelband, Hellen, Glass, Roger, Glassman, Amanda, Gray, Glenda, Habte, Demissie, Holmes, King K, Horton, Susan, Hutton, Guy, Jha, Prabhat, Knaul, Felicia M, Kobusingye, Olive, Krakauer, Eric L, Kruk, Margaret E, Lachmann, Peter, Laxminarayan, Ramanan, Levin, Carol, Looi, Lai Meng, Madhav, Nita, Mahmoud, Adel, Mbanya, Jean Claude, Measham, Anthony, Medina-Mora, María Elena, Medlin, Carol, Mills, Anne, Mills, Jody-Anne, Montoya, Jaime, Norheim, Ole, Olson, Zachary, Omokhodion, Folashade, Oppenheim, Ben, Ord, Toby, Patel, Vikram, Patton, George C, Peabody, John, Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, Qi, Jinyuan, Reynolds, Teri, Ruacan, Sevket, Sankaranarayanan, Rengaswamy, Sepúlveda, Jaime, Skolnik, Richard, Smith, Kirk R, Temmerman, Marleen, Tollman, Stephen, Verguet, Stéphane, Walker, Damian G, Walker, Neff, Wu, Yangfeng, Zhao, Kun

المصدر: Lancet (London, England). 391(10125)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Humans, Health Priorities, Delivery of Health Care, Global Health, Universal Health Insurance, Behavioral and Social Science, Prevention, Generic health relevance, Good Health and Well Being, Medical and Health Sciences, General & Internal Medicine

الوصف: The World Bank is publishing nine volumes of Disease Control Priorities, 3rd edition (DCP3) between 2015 and 2018. Volume 9, Improving Health and Reducing Poverty, summarises the main messages from all the volumes and contains cross-cutting analyses. This Review draws on all nine volumes to convey conclusions. The analysis in DCP3 is built around 21 essential packages that were developed in the nine volumes. Each essential package addresses the concerns of a major professional community (eg, child health or surgery) and contains a mix of intersectoral policies and health-sector interventions. 71 intersectoral prevention policies were identified in total, 29 of which are priorities for early introduction. Interventions within the health sector were grouped onto five platforms (population based, community level, health centre, first-level hospital, and referral hospital). DCP3 defines a model concept of essential universal health coverage (EUHC) with 218 interventions that provides a starting point for country-specific analysis of priorities. Assuming steady-state implementation by 2030, EUHC in lower-middle-income countries would reduce premature deaths by an estimated 4·2 million per year. Estimated total costs prove substantial: about 9·1% of (current) gross national income (GNI) in low-income countries and 5·2% of GNI in lower-middle-income countries. Financing provision of continuing intervention against chronic conditions accounts for about half of estimated incremental costs. For lower-middle-income countries, the mortality reduction from implementing the EUHC can only reach about half the mortality reduction in non-communicable diseases called for by the Sustainable Development Goals. Full achievement will require increased investment or sustained intersectoral action, and actions by finance ministries to tax smoking and polluting emissions and to reduce or eliminate (often large) subsidies on fossil fuels appear of central importance. DCP3 is intended to be a model starting point for analyses at the country level, but country-specific cost structures, epidemiological needs, and national priorities will generally lead to definitions of EUHC that differ from country to country and from the model in this Review. DCP3 is particularly relevant as achievement of EUHC relies increasingly on greater domestic finance, with global developmental assistance in health focusing more on global public goods. In addition to assessing effects on mortality, DCP3 looked at outcomes of EUHC not encompassed by the disability-adjusted life-year metric and related cost-effectiveness analyses. The other objectives included financial protection (potentially better provided upstream by keeping people out of the hospital rather than downstream by paying their hospital bills for them), stillbirths averted, palliative care, contraception, and child physical and intellectual growth. The first 1000 days after conception are highly important for child development, but the next 7000 days are likewise important and often neglected.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7j33h5z3Test

المؤلفون: Osuret, Jimmy, van Niekerk, Ashley, Kobusingye, Olive, Atuyambe, Lynn, Nankabirwa, Victoria

مصطلحات موضوعية: Child pedestrian, school traffic warden, driver yield, uganda

الوصف: Objective: To determine the effect of a school traffic warden program on increasing driver yield and safe child pedestrian crossing behavior in Kampala, Uganda. Methods: We designed and implemented a school traffic warden program in specific school zones in Kampala, Uganda. We randomly assigned 34 primary schools in Kampala, in a 1:1 ratio, using a computer-generated randomization sequence, to control or intervention arms in a cluster randomized trial. Each school in the intervention group received one trained adult traffic warden stationed at roads adjacent to schools to help young children safely cross. The control schools continued with the standard of care. We extracted and coded outcome data from video recordings on driver yield and child crossing behavior (defined as waiting at the curb, looking both ways for oncoming vehicles, not running while crossing, and avoiding illegal crossing between vehicles) at baseline and after 6 months. Using a mixed effect modified Poisson regression model, we estimated the prevalence ratio to assess whether being in a school traffic warden program was associated with increased driver yield and safe crossing behavior. Results: A higher proportion of drivers yielded to child pedestrians at crossings with a school traffic warden (aPR 7.2; 95% CI 4.42–11.82). Children were 70% more likely to demonstrate safe crossing behavior in the intervention clusters than in control clusters (aPR 1.7; 95% CI 1.04–2.85). A higher prevalence was recorded for walking while crossing (aPR 1.2; 95% CI 1.08–1.25) in the intervention clusters. Conclusion: The school traffic warden program is associated with increased driver yield and safe child pedestrian crossing behavior, i.e., stopping at the curb, walking while crossing, and not crossing between vehicles. Therefore, the school traffic warden program could be promoted to supplement other road safety measures, such as pedestrian safety road infrastructure, legislation, and enforcement that specifically protects children in school zones. ...

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: Osuret, J., Van Niekerk, A., Kobusingye, O., Atuyambe, L., & Nankabirwa, V. (2024). Driver yield and safe child pedestrian crossing behavior promotion by a school traffic warden program at primary school crossings: A cluster-randomized trial. Traffic injury prevention, 1-8.; https://hdl.handle.net/10500/30996Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2024.2305426Test
https://hdl.handle.net/10500/30996Test

المؤلفون: Oporia, Frederick, Jagnoor, Jagnoor, Mumbya, Jonah, Balugaba, Bonny Enock, Businge, Otto, Agenonga, Jeff, Walekhwa, Abel Wilson, Isunju, John Bosco, Kobusingye, Olive

المساهمون: Makerere University School of Public Health under the Small Grants Programme

المصدر: International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics ; volume 30, issue 2, page 343-350 ; ISSN 1080-3548 2376-9130

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1080/10803548.2023.2298147Test