المؤلفون: Geng Hu, Fachun Jiang, Qin Luo, Kexin Zong, Liyan Dong, Guoyong Mei, Haijun Du, Hongming Dong, Qinqin Song, Juan Song, Zhiqiang Xia, Chen Gao, Jun Han

المصدر: Microbiology Spectrum, Vol 11, Iss 3 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: tick, tick-borne virus, virus diversity, next-generation sequencing, evolutionary analysis, Microbiology, QR1-502

الوصف: ABSTRACT Tick-borne viruses (TBVs) have attracted increasingly global public health attention. In this study, the viral compositions of five tick species, Haemaphysalis flava, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Dermacentor sinicus, Haemaphysalis longicornis, and Haemaphysalis campanulata, from hedgehogs and hares in Qingdao, China, were profiled via metagenomic sequencing. Thirty-six strains of 10 RNA viruses belonging to 4 viral families, including 3 viruses of Iflaviridae, 4 viruses of Phenuiviridae, 2 viruses of Nairoviridae, and 1 virus of Chuviridae, were identified in five tick species. Three novel viruses of two families, namely, Qingdao tick iflavirus (QDTIFV) of the family of Iflaviridae and Qingdao tick phlebovirus (QDTPV) and Qingdao tick uukuvirus (QDTUV) of the family of Phenuiviridae, were found in this study. This study shows that ticks from hares and hedgehogs in Qingdao harbored diverse viruses, including some that can cause emerging infectious diseases, such as Dabie bandavirus. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these tick-borne viruses were genetically related to viral strains isolated previously in Japan. These findings shed new light on the cross-sea transmission of tick-borne viruses between China and Japan. IMPORTANCE Thirty-six strains of 10 RNA viruses belonging to 4 viral families, including 3 viruses of Iflaviridae, 4 viruses of Phenuiviridae, 2 viruses of Nairoviridae, and 1 virus of Chuviridae, were identified from five tick species in Qingdao, China. A diversity of tick-borne viruses from hares and hedgehogs in Qingdao was found in this study. Phylogenetic analysis showed that most of these TBVs were genetically related to Japanese strains. These findings indicate the possibility of the cross-sea transmission of TBVs between China and Japan.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2165-0497Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/46844529445f43a4805416d6f44386f5Test

المؤلفون: Ruifang Wang, Kexin Zong, Juan Song, Qinqin Song, Dong Xia, Mi Liu, Haijun Du, Zhiqiang Xia, Hailan Yao, Jun Han

المصدر: Viruses, Vol 15, Iss 5, p 1137 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: CD147, anti-inflammation, T cell activation, Th cell subsets, viral myocarditis, Microbiology, QR1-502

الوصف: Viral myocarditis (VMC) is a common disease characterized by cardiac inflammation. AC-73, an inhibitor of CD147, disrupts the dimerization of CD147, which participates in the regulation of inflammation. To explore whether AC-73 could alleviate cardiac inflammation induced by CVB3, mice were injected intraperitoneally with AC-73 on the fourth day post-infection (dpi) and sacrificed on the seventh dpi. Pathological changes in the myocardium, T cell activation or differentiation, and expression of cytokines were analyzed using H&E staining, flow cytometry, fluorescence staining and multiplex immunoassay. The results showed that AC-73 alleviated cardiac pathological injury and downregulated the percentage of CD45+CD3+ T cells in the CVB3-infected mice. The administration of AC-73 reduced the percentage of activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells (CD69+ and/or CD38+) in the spleen, while the percentage of CD4+ T cell subsets in the spleen was not changed in the CVB3-infected mice. In addition, the infiltration of activated T cells (CD69+) and macrophages (F4/80+) in the myocardium also decreased after the AC-73 treatment. The results also showed that AC-73 inhibited the release of many cytokines and chemokines in the plasma of the CVB3-infected mice. In conclusion, AC-73 mitigated CVB3-induced myocarditis by inhibiting the activation of T cells and the recruitment of immune cells to the heart. Thus, CD147 may be a therapeutic target for virus-induced cardiac inflammation.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/5/1137Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4915Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/8f8462887519438bb64b0043e459e478Test

المؤلفون: Yuanyuan Guo, William J. Liu, Jingdong Song, Kexin Zong, Hao Lin, Xin Li, Shuting Huo, Sai Liu, Hongli Ran, Hongmei Li, Peipei Liu, He Huang, George F. Gao, Guizhen Wu

المصدر: Biosafety and Health, Vol 3, Iss 5, Pp 281-291 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Mink virus, Co-infection, Parallel isolation, Evolutionary analyses, Epidemic, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270

الوصف: Mink has been identified as an animal with susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 and also as the only animal with evidence to transmit the virus back to humans. Thus, the surveillance of viruses among high-density farmed minks has a significant meaning for the control of zoonotic emerging diseases in humans. Within anal swabs of minks that died of unknown causes in a mink farm, mink calicivirus (MCV) and mammalian orthoreovirus (MRV) were detected and simultaneously observed within MDCK cell culture from the sample of the same lethal mink. The parallel isolation was successfully performed by utilizing cell lines from different host sources with distinct viral sensitivities, i.e. Mv.1.Lu and Vero-E6 and the two viruses were independently separated. The prevalence of the virus among the minks and its genomic characteristics were investigated through deep sequencing technology. Phylogenetic analysis of the viral genome showed a close relationship of the newly isolated MCV-GCCDC8-2020 with MCV strains belonging to the genus Vesivirus, but with unique mutations derived from the major structural protein (VP1). The reovirus MRV-GCCDC9-2020 isolated from the same mink belongs to serotype 3 mammalian orthoreovirus and genome analysis showed a potential reassortment derived from reoviruses in different species. This study provides a beneficial reference on viral co-infection within disease investigation in farmed minks and raises the concern for the virus surveillance among the high-density fed animal farms.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590053621000859Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2590-0536Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/a62254b61cfb45bfb359e3804ccc4bd7Test

المؤلفون: Hangjie Zhang, Wenling Xiao, Min Zhao, Yingze Zhao, Yongli Zhang, Dan Lu, Shuangshuang Lu, Qingxu Zhang, Weiyu Peng, Liumei Shu, Jie Zhang, Sai Liu, Kexin Zong, Pengyan Wang, Beiwei Ye, Shihua Li, Shuguang Tan, Fuping Zhang, Jianfang Zhou, Peipei Liu, Guizhen Wu, Xuancheng Lu, George F. Gao, William J. Liu

المصدر: Viruses, Vol 14, Iss 11, p 2332 (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Zika virus, T cells, immunodominance, peptide, epitope, Microbiology, QR1-502

الوصف: Zika virus (ZIKV)-specific T cells are activated by different peptides derived from virus structural and nonstructural proteins, and contributed to the viral clearance or protective immunity. Herein, we have depicted the profile of CD8+ and CD4+ T cell immunogenicity of ZIKV proteins in C57BL/6 (H-2b) and BALB/c (H-2d) mice, and found that featured cellular immunity antigens were variant among different murine alleles. In H-2b mice, the proteins E, NS2, NS3 and NS5 are recognized as immunodominant antigens by CD8+ T cells, while NS4 is dominantly recognized by CD4+ T cells. In contrast, in H-2d mice, NS1 and NS4 are the dominant CD8+ T cell antigen and NS4 as the dominant CD4+ T cell antigen, respectively. Among the synthesized 364 overlapping polypeptides spanning the whole proteome of ZIKV, we mapped 91 and 39 polypeptides which can induce ZIKV-specific T cell responses in H-2b and H-2d mice, respectively. Through the identification of CD8+ T cell epitopes, we found that immunodominant regions E294-302 and NS42351-2360 are hotspots epitopes with a distinct immunodominance hierarchy present in H-2b and H-2d mice, respectively. Our data characterized an overall landscape of the immunogenic spectrum of the ZIKV polyprotein, and provide useful insight into the vaccine development.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/11/2332Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4915Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/711bdf2d4b59425ea6e9215c3ed0155cTest

المؤلفون: Maoshun Liu, Jie Zhang, Lei Li, Jianbo Zhan, Mengjie Yang, Bingli Shang, Xin Wang, Jinmin Tian, Min Li, Hongmei Li, Can Yue, Sijia Yao, Ying Lin, Yuanyuan Guo, Kexin Zong, Danni Zhang, Yingze Zhao, Kun Cai, Shaobo Dong, Shengping Xu, Yongzhong Jiang, George Gao, William Liu

الوصف: For nearly three years, humans have experienced multiple rounds of global transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and its variant strains. In addition, the widely used vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 involve multiple strategies of development and inoculation, globally. Thus, the acquired immunity established among humans is quite complicated, and there is still a lack of understanding within a panoramic vision. Here, we provide the special characteristics of the cellular and humoral immune responses in 2-year convalescents after the inoculation of inactivated vaccine, in parallel to vaccinated COVID-19 naïve persons and unvaccinated controls. The decreasing trends of the IgG, IgA, and neutralizing antibodies (NAb), but not IgM of the convalescents were reversed by the vaccination. Both cellular and humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in convalescents after vaccination were higher than the vaccinated COVID-19 naïve persons. Notably, the inoculation of inactivated vaccine fueled the NAb to Omicron BA.1, BA.2, BA.4, and BA.5 in the 2-year convalescents, much higher than the NAb during 6 months and 1 year after symptoms onset. And no obvious T cell escaping to the S protein was observed after the inoculation in the 2-year convalescents. The study provides insight into the complicated features of acquired immunity of humans to SARS-CoV-2 and variants in the real world, and indicated that promoting vaccine inoculation is an essential way to achieve herd immunity against emerging viral variants for the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, including the convalescents.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::cba6a358c5683ee13c6c11410c36200bTest
https://doi.org/10.22541/au.167853442.29902986/v1Test

المؤلفون: null Beiwei Ye, null Liumei Shu, null Yuanyuan Pang, null Yaxin Guo, null Yuanyuan Guo, null Kexin Zong, null Cong Chen, null Xianzhi Zheng, null Jie Zhang, null Maoshun Liu, null Xiaoju Yuan, null Yingze Zhao, null Danni Zhang, null Dayan Wang, null Changjun Bao, null Jun Zhang, null Liling Chen, null George F. Gao, null William J. Liu

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::116dd84523b09c4c6a970d3ff91098bcTest
https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.13060/v2/response1Test

المؤلفون: Beiwei Ye, Liumei Shu, Yuanyuan Pang, Yaxin Guo, Yuanyuan Guo, Kexin Zong, Cong Chen, Xianzhi Zheng, Jie Zhang, Maoshun Liu, Xiaoju Yuan, Yingze Zhao, Danni Zhang, Dayan Wang, Changjun Bao, Jun Zhang, Liling Chen, George F. Gao, William J. Liu

المصدر: Influenza and other respiratory virusesREFERENCES.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Epidemiology, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

الوصف: Recent seasonal epidemics of influenza have been caused by human influenza A viruses of the H1N1 and H3N2 subtypes and influenza B viruses. Annual vaccination is recommended to prevent infection; however, how annual influenza vaccination influences vaccine effectiveness is largely unknown.To investigate the impact of repeated vaccination on immune and protective effect, we performed a prospective seroepidemiologic study. Participants with or without prior vaccination (2018-2019) were enrolled during the 2019-2020 influenza season. Inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine (IIV4) was administered through the intramuscular route, and venous blood samples were collected regularly to test hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) titers.The geometric mean titers and proportion with titers ≥40 against the influenza vaccine components peaked at 30 days post-vaccination. At Day 30, the geometric mean titer and proportion with titers ≥40 in participants who had been previously vaccinated were higher for H3N2 but similar for both B lineages (Victoria and Yamagata) as compared with participants vaccinated for the first time. As for H1N1, the geometric mean titer was lower in repeated vaccinated participants, but the proportion with titers ≥40 was consistent in both groups.Repeated vaccination provides similar or enhanced protection as compared with single vaccination in first-time vaccinees.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::25bff7fa04e7c33c2df075a6955ca1d0Test
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36271687Test

المؤلفون: Shuting Huo, Yan Hai, Yaxin Guo, Li Nie, Hongmei Li, Peiwen Qiao, Kexin Zong, Xin Li, Yuanyuan Guo, Jingdong Song, Honglan Zhao, Wenwen Lei, Yu Lan, William J. Liu, George F. Gao

المصدر: Journal of medical virologyREFERENCES. 94(8)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Infectious Diseases, Neutrophils, Virology, Humans, Genome, Viral, Phylogeny, Adenoviridae

الوصف: With deep sequencing of virus genomes within the hosts, intrahost single nucleotide variations (iSNVs) have been used for analyses of virus genome variation and evolution, which is indicated to correlate with viral pathogenesis and disease severity. Little is known about the features of iSNVs among DNA viruses. We performed the epidemiological and laboratory investigation of one outbreak of adenovirus. The whole genomes of viruses in both original oral swabs and cell-cultured virus isolates were deeply sequenced. We identified 737 iSNVs in the viral genomes sequenced from original samples and 46 viral iSNVs in cell-cultured isolates, with 33 iSNVs shared by original samples and cultured isolates. Meanwhile, we found these 33 iSNVs were shared by different patients, among which, three hot spot areas 6367-6401, 9213-9247, and 10 584-10 606 within the functional genes of the adenovirus genome were found. Notably, the substitution rates of iSNVs were closely correlated with the clinical and immune indicators of the patients. Especially a positive correlation to neutrophils was found, indicating a predictable biomarker of iSNV dynamics. Our findings demonstrated the neutrophil-correlated dynamic evolution features of the iSNVs within adenoviruses, which indicates a virus-host interaction during human infection of a DNA virus.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::b84f181b9111f7bdb3eff3c0b884fe33Test
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35355288Test

المؤلفون: Liumei Shu, Yingze Zhao, Cong Chen, Jie Zhang, Changjun Bao, Shisong Fang, Junjie Xia, Jun Zhang, Dayan Wang, Guizhen Wu, George F. Gao, Yuanyuan Guo, Fengcai Zhu, Xiang Huo, William J. Liu, Kexin Zong

المصدر: China CDC Weekly

مصطلحات موضوعية: education.field_of_study, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Influenza vaccine, Public health, Population, Antibody level, Serum antibody, Vaccination, Preplanned Studies, Immune system, Environmental health, Influenza prevention, Medicine, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, business, education

الوصف: What is already known about this topic? Vaccinations are the most effective way to prevent influenza virus infections and severe outcomes. Influenza vaccine effectiveness can vary by seasons. What is added by this report? This report monitors the antibody level among the population over time after administration of the quadrivalent or trivalent split influenza vaccine. What are the implications for public health practice? Real-time monitoring of serum antibody changes after vaccination provides important data for the development of reasonable and effective strategies for influenza prevention and control.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::debdc0236fb34c19bf3507f1fed52174Test
https://doi.org/10.46234/ccdcw2020.095Test

المؤلفون: Yu Lan, Ben Hu, George F. Gao, Shiyan Zhu, Yuanyuan Guo, Xin Li, Aleksei A. Chmura, Peter Daszak, Kexin Zong, William J. Liu, Libiao Zhang, Guizhen Wu, Hongying Li, Liang Wang, Peipei Liu, Shuting Huo

المصدر: Journal of Virology

مصطلحات موضوعية: China, viruses, Immunology, coronavirus, Rodentia, Genome, Viral, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, Alphacoronavirus, Genome, Deep sequencing, Virus, law.invention, Evolution, Molecular, law, Virology, Prevalence, genomics, medicine, Animals, Humans, Human coronavirus OC43, Amino Acid Sequence, Phylogeny, Coronavirus, Recombination, Genetic, Shrews, virus diseases, biology.organism_classification, recombination, Genetic Diversity and Evolution, rodents, Insect Science, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus, Recombinant DNA, Coronavirus Infections, Betacoronavirus, polybasic cleavage site

الوصف: The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has reignited global interest in animal coronaviruses and their potential for human transmission. While bats are thought to be the wildlife reservoir of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, the widespread human coronavirus OC43 is thought to have originated in rodents. Here, we sampled 297 rodents and shrews, representing eight species, from three municipalities of southern China. We report coronavirus prevalences of 23.3% and 0.7% in Guangzhou and Guilin, respectively, with samples from urban areas having significantly higher coronavirus prevalences than those from rural areas. We obtained three coronavirus genome sequences from Rattus norvegicus, including a Betacoronavirus (rat coronavirus [RCoV] GCCDC3), an Alphacoronavirus (RCoV-GCCDC5), and a novel Betacoronavirus (RCoV-GCCDC4). Recombination analysis suggests that there was a potential recombination event involving RCoV-GCCDC4, murine hepatitis virus (MHV), and Longquan Rl rat coronavirus (LRLV). Furthermore, we uncovered a polybasic cleavage site, RARR, in the spike (S) protein of RCoV-GCCDC4, which is dominant in RCoV. These findings provide further information on the potential for interspecies transmission of coronaviruses and demonstrate the value of a One Health approach to virus discovery. IMPORTANCE Surveillance of viruses among rodents in rural and urban areas of South China identified three rodent coronaviruses, RCoV-GCCDC3, RCoV-GCCDC4, and RCoV-GCCDC5, one of which was identified as a novel potentially recombinant coronavirus with a polybasic cleavage site in the spike (S) protein. Through reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) screening of coronaviruses, we found that coronavirus prevalence in urban areas is much higher than that in rural areas. Subsequently, we obtained three coronavirus genome sequences by deep sequencing. After different method-based analyses, we found that RCoV-GCCDC4 was a novel potentially recombinant coronavirus with a polybasic cleavage site in the S protein, dominant in RCoV. This newly identified coronavirus RCoV-GCCDC4 with its potentially recombinant genome and polybasic cleavage site provides a new insight into the evolution of coronaviruses. Furthermore, our results provide further information on the potential for interspecies transmission of coronaviruses and demonstrate the necessity of a One Health approach for zoonotic disease surveillance.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::29bcc73ee5c088e6a915d70dac59151bTest
https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01173-21Test