المؤلفون: Cordero García-Galán Enrique, Marina Medel-Plaza, John Jairo Aguilera Correa, Héctor Sarnago, Jesús Acero, José M. Burdio, Óscar Lucía, Jaime Esteban, Enrique Gómez-Barrena

المصدر: Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, Vol 19, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biofilm, Periprosthetic, Infection, Electromagnetic, Induction, Orthopedic surgery, RD701-811, Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, RC925-935

الوصف: Abstract Background Periprosthetic joint infection is a serious complication following joint replacement. The development of bacterial biofilms bestows antibiotic resistance and restricts treatment via implant retention surgery. Electromagnetic induction heating is a novel technique for antibacterial treatment of metallic surfaces that has demonstrated in-vitro efficacy. Previous studies have always employed stationary, non-portable devices. This study aims to assess the in-vitro efficacy of induction-heating disinfection of metallic surfaces using a new Portable Disinfection System based on Induction Heating. Methods Mature biofilms of three bacterial species: S. epidermidis ATCC 35,984, S. aureus ATCC 25,923, E. coli ATCC 25,922, were grown on 18 × 2 mm cylindrical coupons of Titanium-Aluminium-Vanadium (Ti6Al4V) or Cobalt-chromium-molybdenum (CoCrMo) alloys. Study intervention was induction-heating of the coupon surface up to 70ºC for 210s, performed using the Portable Disinfection System (PDSIH). Temperature was monitored using thermographic imaging. For each bacterial strain and each metallic alloy, experiments and controls were conducted in triplicate. Bacterial load was quantified through scraping and drop plate techniques. Data were evaluated using non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test for 2 group comparison. Statistical significance was fixed at p ≤ 0.05. Results All bacterial strains showed a statistically significant reduction of CFU per surface area in both materials. Bacterial load reduction amounted to 0.507 and 0.602 Log10 CFU/mL for S. aureus on Ti6Al4V and CoCrMo respectively, 5.937 and 3.500 Log10 CFU/mL for E. coli, and 1.222 and 0.372 Log10 CFU/mL for S. epidermidis. Conclusions Electromagnetic induction heating using PDSIH is efficacious to reduce mature biofilms of S aureus, E coli and S epidermidis growing on metallic surfaces of Ti6Al4V and CoCrMo alloys.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1749-799XTest

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/78b31fa9420e4222b4781580ba510783Test

المؤلفون: Sergio Buenestado-Serrano, Miguel Martínez-Lirola, Marta Herranz-Martín, Jaime Esteban, Antonio Broncano-Lavado, Andrea Molero-Salinas, Amadeo Sanz-Pérez, Jesús Blázquez, Alba Ruedas-López, Carlos Toro, Paula López-Roa, Diego Domingo, Ester Zamarrón, María Jesús Ruiz Serrano, Patricia Muñoz, Laura Pérez-Lago, Darío García de Viedma

المصدر: Nature Communications, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Science

الوصف: Abstract Mycobacterium abscessus is an opportunistic, extensively drug-resistant non-tuberculous mycobacterium. Few genomic studies consider its diversity in persistent infections. Our aim was to characterize microevolution/reinfection events in persistent infections. Fifty-three sequential isolates from 14 patients were sequenced to determine SNV-based distances, assign resistance mutations and characterize plasmids. Genomic analysis revealed 12 persistent cases (0-13 differential SNVs), one reinfection (15,956 SNVs) and one very complex case (23 sequential isolates over 192 months), in which a first period of persistence (58 months) involving the same genotype 1 was followed by identification of a genotype 2 (76 SNVs) in 6 additional alternating isolates; additionally, ten transient genotypes (88-243 SNVs) were found. A macrolide resistance mutation was identified from the second isolate. Despite high diversity, the genotypes shared a common phylogenetic ancestor and some coexisted in the same specimens. Genomic analysis is required to access the true intra-patient complexity behind persistent infections involving M. abscessus.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2041-1723Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/b97c463e56e54a7597c9d25de9fa3aa6Test

المؤلفون: Brenda Martínez-González, María Eugenia Soria, Pablo Mínguez, Ramón Lorenzo-Redondo, Llanos Salar-Vidal, Alberto López-García, Mario Esteban-Muñoz, Antoni Durán-Pastor, Pilar Somovilla, Carlos García-Crespo, Ana Isabel de Ávila, Jordi Gómez, Jaime Esteban, Ricardo Fernández-Roblas, Ignacio Gadea, Esteban Domingo, Celia Perales

المصدر: Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 15 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: COVID-19, viral quasispecies, ultra-deep sequencing, viral emergence, clade-discordant residues, variant of concern, Microbiology, QR1-502

الوصف: IntroductionSARS-CoV-2 isolates of a given clade may contain low frequency genomes that encode amino acids or deletions which are typical of a different clade.MethodsHere we use high resolution ultra-deep sequencing to analyze SARS-CoV-2 mutant spectra.ResultsIn 6 out of 11 SARS-CoV-2 isolates from COVID-19 patients, the mutant spectrum of the spike (S)-coding region included two or more amino acids or deletions, that correspond to discordant viral clades. A similar observation is reported for laboratory populations of SARS-CoV-2 USA-WA1/2020, following a cell culture infection in the presence of remdesivir, ribavirin or their combinations. Moreover, some of the clade-discordant genome residues are found in the same haplotype within an amplicon.DiscussionWe evaluate possible interpretations of these findings, and reviewed precedents for rapid selection of genomes with multiple mutations in RNA viruses. These considerations suggest that intra-host evolution may be sufficient to generate minority sequences which are closely related to sequences typical of other clades. The results provide a model for the origin of variants of concern during epidemic spread─in particular Omicron lineages─that does not require prolonged infection, involvement of immunocompromised individuals, or participation of intermediate, non-human hosts.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1358258/fullTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302XTest

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/2458e84b3aad42eba6e7b16a7f27dfbbTest

المؤلفون: Guillermo Santamaría-Corral, Israel Pagán, John Jairo Aguilera-Correa, Jaime Esteban, Meritxell García-Quintanilla

المصدر: Antibiotics, Vol 13, Iss 6, p 523 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: bacteriophages, phage therapy, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, treatment, multidrug-resistance, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950

الوصف: The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa has dramatically increased over the last decade, and antibiotics alone are not enough to eradicate infections caused by this opportunistic pathogen. Phage therapy is a fresh treatment that can be administered under compassionate use, particularly against chronic cases. However, it is necessary to thoroughly characterize the virus before therapeutic application. Our work describes the discovery of the novel sequenced bacteriophage, vB_PaeP-F1Pa, containing an integrase, performs a phylogenetical analysis, describes its stability at a physiological pH and temperature, latent period (40 min), and burst size (394 ± 166 particles per bacterial cell), and demonstrates its ability to infect MDR and XDR P. aeruginosa strains. Moreover, this novel bacteriophage was able to inhibit the growth of bacteria inside preformed biofilms. The present study offers a road map to analyze essential areas for successful phage therapy against MDR and XDR P. aeruginosa infections, and shows that a phage containing an integrase is also able to show good in vitro results, indicating that it is very important to perform a genomic analysis before any clinical use, in order to prevent adverse effects in patients.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/13/6/523Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2079-6382Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/656d5028766048cabc495df95776bd11Test

المؤلفون: Bernadette Pfang, Marco A. Villegas García, Antonio Blanco García, Álvaro Auñón Rubio, Jaime Esteban, Joaquín García Cañete

المصدر: Antibiotics, Vol 13, Iss 5, p 463 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: hip osteosynthesis, infection, intramedullary nail, pertrochanteric fracture, subtrochanteric fracture, healthcare-associated infection, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950

الوصف: Despite the implications of trochanteric and subtrochanteric intramedullary (IM) nail infection for patients with hip fracture, little is known about risk factors for therapeutic failure and mortality in this population. We performed a retrospective observational analysis including patients diagnosed with trochanteric and subtrochanteric IM nail infection at a Spanish academic hospital during a 10-year period, with a minimum follow-up of 22 months. Of 4044 trochanteric and subtrochanteric IM nail implants, we identified 35 cases of infection during the study period (0.87%), 17 of which were chronic infections. Patients with therapeutic failure (n = 10) presented a higher average Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) (5.40 vs. 4.21, p 0.015, CI 0.26–2.13) and higher rates of polymicrobial (OR 5.70, p 0.033, CI 1.14–28.33) and multidrug-resistant (OR 7.00, p 0.027, CI 1.24–39.57) infections. Upon multivariate analysis, polymicrobial infection and the presence of multidrug-resistant pathogens were identified as independent risk factors for therapeutic failure. Implant retention was associated with an increased risk of failure in chronic infection and was found to be an independent risk factor for overall one-year mortality in the multivariate analysis. Our study highlights the importance of broad-spectrum empirical antibiotics as initial treatment of trochanteric and subtrochanteric IM nail-associated infection while awaiting microbiological results. It also provides initial evidence for the importance of implant removal in chronic IM-nail infection.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/13/5/463Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2079-6382Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/ea3b23c859d94c76bde9fc57024cb1dcTest

المؤلفون: María Isabel González, Mario González-Arjona, Lorena Cussó, Miguel Ángel Morcillo, John Jairo Aguilera-Correa, Jaime Esteban, Martha Kestler, Daniel Calle, Carlos Cerón, Marta Cortes-Canteli, Patricia Muñoz, Emilio Bouza, Manuel Desco, Beatriz Salinas

المصدر: International Journal of Biomedical Imaging, Vol 2024 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine, R895-920, Medical technology, R855-855.5

الوصف: Purpose. The Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus bacterium is one of the leading causes of infection in humans. The lack of specific noninvasive techniques for diagnosis of staphylococcal infection together with the severity of its associated complications support the need for new specific and selective diagnostic tools. This work presents the successful synthesis of an immunotracer that targets the α-toxin released by S. aureus. Methods. [89Zr]Zr-DFO-ToxAb was synthesized based on radiolabeling an anti-α-toxin antibody with zirconium-89. The physicochemical characterization of the immunotracer was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), radio-thin layer chromatography (radio-TLC), and electrophoretic analysis. Its diagnostic ability was evaluated in vivo by positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging in an animal model of local infection-inflammation (active S. aureus vs. heat-killed S. aureus) and infective osteoarthritis. Results. Chemical characterization of the tracer established the high radiochemical yield and purity of the tracer while maintaining antibody integrity. In vivo PET/CT image confirmed the ability of the tracer to detect active foci of S. aureus. Those results were supported by ex vivo biodistribution studies, autoradiography, and histology, which confirmed the ability of [89Zr]Zr-DFO-ToxAb to detect staphylococcal infectious foci, avoiding false-positives derived from inflammatory processes. Conclusions. We have developed an immuno-PET tracer capable of detecting S. aureus infections based on a radiolabeled antibody specific for the staphylococcal alpha toxins. The in vivo assessment of [89Zr]Zr-DFO-ToxAb confirmed its ability to selectively detect staphylococcal infectious foci, allowing us to discern between infectious and inflammatory processes.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1687-4196Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/ac238c706d1b455c8516d8df765e1517Test

المؤلفون: Maria-Carmen Muñoz-Egea, Arij Akir, Jaime Esteban

المصدر: Biofilm, Vol 5, Iss , Pp 100107- (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Mycobacterium, Biofilm, Nontuberculous mycobacteria, Treatment, Mycobacteriosis, Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65, Microbiology, QR1-502

الوصف: The genus Mycobacterium includes some of the deadliest pathogens of History (Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium leprae), but most of the species within the genus are environmental microorganisms. Because some of these nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) species can be human pathogens, the study of these mycobacterial biofilms has increased during the last decades, and the interest in this issue increased as well as the growing number of patients with diseases caused by NTM. Different molecular mechanisms have been described, being especially well known the importance of glycopeptidolipids. Moreover, the knowledge of the extracellular matrix has shown important differences with other microorganisms, especially because of the presence of lipidic molecules as a key component of this structure. The clinical importance of mycobacterial biofilms has been described for many chronic diseases, especially lung diseases and implant-related ones, both in vitro and in vivo, and even in patients. Moreover, the biofilm-producing capacity has been proven also in M. tuberculosis, while its importance is not well understood. Biofilm studies have also shown the increasing resistance of mycobacteria in sessile form, and the importance of this resistance in the management of the patients is beyond doubt, being surgery necessary in some cases to cure the patients. Diagnosis of mycobacterial diseases is still based on culture-based techniques designed for the detection of M. tuberculosis. Molecular biology-based methods are also broadly used but again designed for tuberculosis diagnosis. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing is also well developed for tuberculosis, but only some species of NTM have standardized techniques for this purpose. New tools or approaches are necessary to treat these patients, whose importance is increasing, as the number of potential hosts is also increasing throughout the world.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590207523000047Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2590-2075Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/16fdf4ca993f4b4488c11f632e9bcad2Test

المؤلفون: Llanos Salar-Vidal, Catarina Chaves, Ileana T. Dianzo-Delgado, Patricio Favier, Salvador Giner-Almaraz, María José Gómez-Gómez, Guillermo Martín-Gutiérrez, Isabel Pereira, Ana Rodríguez-Fernández, Patricia Ruiz-Garbajosa, Carlos Salas-Venero, Jaime Esteban

المصدر: International Journal of Medical Microbiology, Vol 313, Iss 6, Pp 151588- (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Septic arthritis, Prosthetic joint infection, Diagnosis, PCR, Microbiology, QR1-502, Other systems of medicine, RZ201-999

الوصف: Microbiological diagnosis of osteoarticular infections (OI) is crucial for a successful treatment. A prospective multicenter study including 262 synovial fluids with suspicion of acute OI was performed between July 2021 and October of 2022. BioFire Joint Infection Panel multiplex-PCR test was performed and results were compared with conventional cultures of synovial fluid specimens. In total, 136 microorganisms were detected, and fourteen samples were positive for more than one microorganism. In monomicrobial infections (n = 87) agreement with culture was 69%. In 26 samples, the multiplex PCR yield an additional positive result when culture result was negative. It helped in the detection of fastidious microorganisms as K. kingae and N. gonorrhoeae. This multiplex PCR has proven to be a useful technique that can be used for patients with high suspicion of acute OI in a rapid and automated manner.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1438422123000164Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1438-4221Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/121ab5a49c294ca6a2840f048c2b5b6bTest

المؤلفون: Alvaro Auñon, Llanos Salar-Vidal, Ignacio Mahillo-Fernandez, Francisco Almeida, Pedro Pereira, Jaime Lora-Tamayo, Tristan Ferry, Sarah Souèges, Aurélien Dinh, Rosa Escudero, Candela Menéndez Fernández-Miranda, Alicia Rico, Nicolo Rossi, Jaime Esteban

المصدر: Microorganisms, Vol 12, Iss 5, p 849 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: tuberculosis, prosthetic joint infection, treatment, surgery, duration, outcome, Biology (General), QH301-705.5

الوصف: Purpose: While tuberculosis remains a significant global health concern, prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) caused by members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex are exceptionally rare. Our objective is to perform a retrospective search of new cases of this disease and analyze all cases available in the literature of tuberculous PJIs, aiming to detect factors that may influence patient outcomes. Methods: The ESGIAI and ESGMYC study groups were used to collect information on non-published cases of tuberculous prosthetic joint infections (PJIs). Additionally, a literature review of all published cases of tuberculous PJIs was conducted. All identified cases in the retrospective study and in the literature review were merged and included in the statistical analysis, involving both univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Fifteen previously unreported cases of tuberculous prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) from four countries were detailed. Among them, ten patients were female, with a median age of 76 years. The hip was affected in 13 cases. Seven patients experienced co-infection with another microorganism. Treatment approaches varied, with 13 patients undergoing implant removal, one treated with DAIR (debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention), and one case was treated with an unknown treatment method. All patients received antibiotic therapy and achieved a cure. The literature review that was conducted detected 155 published cases. Univariate analysis revealed a statistical significance for previous tuberculosis, joint, and no importance of surgery for cure. Conclusions: Tuberculous prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a rare condition, typically presenting as a localized chronic infection. Antibiotic treatment is essential for the management of these patients, but neither surgical treatment nor duration of treatment seems to have importance in the outcome.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/5/849Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2607Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/3884ff19c5f6492799bd415dc2c6eb2bTest

المؤلفون: Cristina El Haj, Eugènia Agustí, Eva Benavent, Laura Soldevila-Boixader, Raül Rigo-Bonnin, Fe Tubau, Benjamín Torrejón, Jaime Esteban, Oscar Murillo

المصدر: Antibiotics, Vol 13, Iss 4, p 344 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: beta-lactams, PK/PD, P. aeruginosa, biofilm, foreign-body infection, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950

الوصف: Background: As the anti-biofilm pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) properties of antibiotics are not well-defined, we have evaluated the PK/PD indices for different regimens of ceftazidime (CAZ; with/without colistin) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm. Methods: We have used the Center for Disease Control and Prevention Biofilm Reactor with two susceptible (PAO1 and HUB-PAS) and one resistant (HUB-XDR) strains of P. aeruginosa. The regimens were CAZ monotherapies (mimicking a human dose of 2 g/8 h, CAZ-IB; 6 g/daily as continuous infusion at 50 mg/L, CAZ-CI50; and 9 g/daily at 70 mg/L, CAZ-CI70) and CAZ-colistin combinations. Efficacy was correlated with the CAZ PK/PD parameters. Results: CAZ-CI70 was the most effective monotherapy against CAZ-susceptible strains (Δlog CFU/mL 54–0 h = −4.15 ± 0.59 and −3.05 ± 0.5 for HUB-PAS and PAO1, respectively; p ≤ 0.007 vs. other monotherapies), and adding colistin improved the efficacy over CAZ monotherapy. CAZ monotherapies were ineffective against the HUB-XDR strain, and CAZ-CI50 plus colistin achieved higher efficacy than CAZ-IB with colistin. The PK/PD index that correlated best with anti-biofilm efficacy was fAUC0–24h/MIC (r2 = 0.78). Conclusions: CAZ exhibited dose-dependent anti-biofilm killing against P. aeruginosa, which was better explained by the fAUC0–24h/MIC index. CAZ-CI provided benefits compared to CAZ-IB, particularly when using higher doses and together with colistin. CAZ monotherapies were ineffective against the CAZ-resistant strain, independently of the optimized strategy and only CAZ-CI plus colistin appeared useful for clinical practice.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/13/4/344Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2079-6382Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/a5718c5305c743fd93ffad1b8f37c169Test