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المؤلفون: Nenghan Wan, Xiaozhen Xiong, Gerard J. Kluitenberg, J. M. Shawn Hutchinson, Robert Aiken, Haidong Zhao, Xiaomao Lin
المصدر: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 23:711-724
مصطلحات موضوعية: Atmospheric Science
الوصف: The bushfires that occurred in Australia in late 2019 and early 2020 were unprecedented in terms of their scale, intensity, and impacts. Using nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) data measured by the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI), together with fire counts and fire radiative power (FRP) from MODIS, we analyzed the temporal and spatial variation of NO2 and CO column densities over three selected areas covering savanna and temperate forest vegetation. The ΔNO2/ΔCO emission ratio and emission factor were also estimated. The ΔNO2/ΔCO emission ratio was found to be 1.57 ± 1.71 for temperate forest fire and ranged from 2.0 ± 2.36 to 2.6 ± 1.92 for savanna fire. For savanna and temperate forest fires, satellite-derived NOx emission factors were found to be 1.48 and 2.39 g kg−1, respectively, whereas the CO emission factors are 107.39 and 126.32 g kg−1, respectively. This study demonstrates that the large-scale emission ratio from the TROPOMI satellite for different biomass burnings can help identify the relative contribution of smoldering and flaming activities in a large region and their impacts on the regional atmospheric composition and air quality. This method can be applied to study the emissions from other large fires, or even the burning of fossil fuel in megacities, and their impact on air quality.
وصف الملف: application/pdf
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::8ce7410c1b969cb8f1cdacae75afaa15Test
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-711-2023Test -
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المؤلفون: Vahid Rahmani, Stacy L. Hutchinson, Jonathan L. Case, J. M. Shawn Hutchinson, Kelsey R. McDonough
المصدر: Journal of Hydrology. 566:43-54
مصطلحات موضوعية: Hydrology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 0208 environmental biotechnology, Drainage basin, Soil classification, 02 engineering and technology, Land cover, 01 natural sciences, 020801 environmental engineering, Water resources, Land information system, Temporal resolution, Environmental science, Satellite, Water content, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology
الوصف: Evaluation of surface soil moisture is necessary to understand spatiotemporal soil moisture trends and their implications on water resources management. This research evaluated a real-time instantiation of NASA’s Land Information System (LIS) for water resources management applications at a higher spatial and temporal resolution than is currently available with remotely-sensed satellite estimates or in situ measurements of the same product. Managed by NASA’s Short-term Prediction Research and Transition (SPoRT) Center, the “SPoRT-LIS” is an observation-driven, real-time simulation of the Noah land surface model at a 3-km resolution over the full continental United States. Surface soil moisture estimates from SPoRT-LIS (0–10 cm layer) were validated against in situ soil moisture from the International Soil Moisture Network in the Missouri and Arkansas-Red-White River Basins. Validation was conducted at in situ measurement depths of 5-cm and 10-cm, and performance was evaluated across varying soil types, land cover, depth, slope, aspect, and pixel heterogeneity to determine conditions under which SPoRT-LIS surface soil moisture had excellent estimation capability. Results demonstrate that 53% of data at a depth of 5-cm and 51% of the data at a depth of 10-cm were significantly correlated with a Spearman’s ρ greater than 0.5 on a daily basis. Based upon validation results, it is evident that the SPoRT-LIS surface soil moisture estimate is satisfactory for research and operational water resources management applications.
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::461c832cf06109a69dc60f7d0ed030acTest
https://doi.org/10.1016Test/j .jhydrol.2018.09.007 -
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المؤلفون: J. M. Shawn Hutchinson, Trevor J. Hefley, Kelsey R. McDonough, Jia Liang, Stacy L. Hutchinson
المصدر: Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management. 146
مصطلحات موضوعية: business.industry, Geography, Planning and Development, Environmental resource management, Land cover, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Ecosystem services, Flood regulation, Hydrology (agriculture), Land transformation, Urbanization, Environmental science, Terrestrial ecosystem, business, Water Science and Technology, Civil and Structural Engineering
الوصف: Urbanization is one of the most aggressive forms of land transformation, leading to negative impacts on surrounding aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. In terms of hydrology, urbanization c...
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::5bf269748047c9b385d3a3b62644eea6Test
https://doi.org/10.1061Test/(asce)wr.1943-5452.0001294 -
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المؤلفون: Vahid Rahmani, Stacy L. Hutchinson, Kelsey R. McDonough, Ameneh Tavakol, J. M. Shawn Hutchinson
المصدر: Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment. 24:100649
مصطلحات موضوعية: Geography, Planning and Development, Weather forecasting, Climate change, Weather and climate, computer.software_genre, Missing data, Water resources, Climatology, Environmental science, Ecosystem, Computers in Earth Sciences, Temporal scales, computer, Water content
الوصف: Soil moisture is a critical component of the climate system due to the link it provides between atmospheric and terrestrial energy, water, and carbon cycles. A better understanding of floods, droughts, and heatwaves, as well as weather forecasting, is highly dependent on the knowledge of soil moisture variations and its impacts. Ground-based soil moisture datasets are crucial for climatological analysis, as are model- and satellite-based data. However, ground-based data are sparse in spatial and temporal coverage, and often include missing data. Since ground-based observations are limited in both time and space, model- and satellite-based measurements often serve as alternatives. Here in this paper, the interest is to provide an overview of the state-of-the-art open-access soil moisture datasets at various spatial and temporal scales. Despite the recent progress in producing model-based and satellite-based data, there are many potentials to improve the quality of the data. These sets of data can be used for forecasting weather and climate variability, monitoring the influence of climate change on an ecosystem, drought monitoring and prediction, water resources management, agricultural production, and more.
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::67dcf80ddf5257558e31a720ee6543c2Test
https://doi.org/10.1016Test/j .rsase.2021.100649 -
6دورية أكاديمية
المصدر: PLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 6, p e37793 (2012)
الوصف: Surveying invasive species can be highly resource intensive, yet near-real-time evaluations of invasion progress are important resources for management planning. In the case of the soybean rust invasion of the United States, a linked monitoring, prediction, and communication network saved U.S. soybean growers approximately $200 M/yr. Modeling of future movement of the pathogen (Phakopsora pachyrhizi) was based on data about current disease locations from an extensive network of sentinel plots. We developed a dynamic network model for U.S. soybean rust epidemics, with counties as nodes and link weights a function of host hectarage and wind speed and direction. We used the network model to compare four strategies for selecting an optimal subset of sentinel plots, listed here in order of increasing performance: random selection, zonal selection (based on more heavily weighting regions nearer the south, where the pathogen overwinters), frequency-based selection (based on how frequently the county had been infected in the past), and frequency-based selection weighted by the node strength of the sentinel plot in the network model. When dynamic network properties such as node strength are characterized for invasive species, this information can be used to reduce the resources necessary to survey and predict invasion progress.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
العلاقة: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3373535?pdf=renderTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Test
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المؤلفون: J. M. Shawn Hutchinson, Heidi R. Howard, Ruopu Li, Justin T. Schoof, Santosh Rijal, Tonny J. Oyana, Guangxing Wang, Philip B Woodford, Stacy L. Hutchinson, Logan O. Park
المصدر: Journal of Terramechanics. 77:15-22
مصطلحات موضوعية: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Mechanical Engineering, Training (meteorology), Elevation, High resolution, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 01 natural sciences, Military installation, Altitude, Lidar, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Satellite imagery, Digital elevation model, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing
الوصف: Intensive use of military vehicles in military installations create conditions favorable for gully formation. Gullies impede the access of vehicle, restrict the continuation of training, and lead to significant damage to vehicle and risk the life of soldiers. Therefore, it is critical to correctly identify the locations of gullies for continuous training mission. In this study, Fort Riley (FR) military installation was chosen as the study area. LiDAR derived 1 m resolution digital elevation model (DEM) acquired on 2010 was used to map the gullies. A procedure that measures local topographic position, i.e., difference from mean elevation (DFME) along with its integration to the land surface having high surface curvature values was employed. Two high spatial resolution WorldView-2 images of 2010 and field gully data collected in 2010 were utilized for accuracy assessment. Results showed that: (1) A total of 237 small and 166 large gullies were detected and most of them dominated the central west and northwest parts of the installation; (2) Based on the visual interpretation in the WorldView-2 images, there was no statistically significant difference between the detected and observed numbers of gullies; (3) Gullies measured in the field were well detected with an overall accuracy of 78%.
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::69caa0b3ff77bdfab5ba3cba3c87dbefTest
https://doi.org/10.1016Test/j .jterra.2018.02.001 -
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المصدر: Ecosystem Services. 25:82-88
مصطلحات موضوعية: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geography, Planning and Development, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 01 natural sciences, Terminology, Ecosystem services, Political science, media_common.cataloged_instance, Ecosystem, Natural resource management, European union, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Nature and Landscape Conservation, media_common, Global and Planetary Change, Ecological economics, Ecology, business.industry, Environmental resource management, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous), ComputingMilieux_GENERAL, Ecosystem management, business, Discipline
الوصف: Scholarly journal publications on the topic of ecosystem services have substantially grown throughout the past decade, which is evidenced by an expanding world-wide research base. However, several challenges in the field of ecosystem services still remain, including conflicting approaches to ecosystem services terminology, classification schemes, research methods, and reporting requirements. We assess the development and disciplinary focus of ecosystem service research over the last decade using a meta-analysis of peer-reviewed journal publications. The journals of Shengtai Xuebao Acta Ecologica Sinica, Ecosystem Services, PLoS One, and Ecological Economics lead scholarly journals publishing ecosystem services-focused articles. The European Union leads ecosystem services publications (42%), while the United States is responsible for 30% of ecosystem services publications. This analysis is supplemented by a discussion on ecosystem services-focused research and policy to identify trends that encourage future study to resolve some of the current issues faced by the research community.
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::b6e2a6e671211e8b1ddde85ef904972bTest
https://doi.org/10.1016Test/j .ecoser.2017.03.022 -
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المصدر: International Journal of Climatology. 36:3578-3587
مصطلحات موضوعية: Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Flood myth, 0208 environmental biotechnology, Flooding (psychology), Climate change, Storm, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 020801 environmental engineering, Trend analysis, Climatology, Flash flood, Environmental science, Precipitation, Surface runoff, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
الوصف: Climate variability and change can impact rainfall by varying time, location, magnitude, and frequency of precipitation events. Fluctuations in heavy rainfall events can impact flooding and drought events and water management systems. This research addresses temporal and spatial distributions of extreme daily and monthly rainfall in Kansas using daily rainfall data from 23 stations for the period 1890–2013. The Mann–Kendall non-parametric method was used in trend analysis. Results indicate an increasing trend in the annual daily maximum rainfall, and an increase in the annual number of rainfall events above the 90th, 95th, and 99th percentile thresholds at a majority of stations since 1890. The most recent 30-year climate normal period (1981–2010) was selected to assess contemporary change compared to the entire period (1890–2013). Most stations have a steeper positive slope for all extreme rainfall parameters for 1981–2010. Generally, western Kansas receives smaller and fewer extreme storms than eastern Kansas with respect to both magnitude and frequency. Since 1890, June has been the month that receives the greatest amount of rain in each year at a majority of stations (18 of 23). Stations in eastern Kansas tend to experience earlier maximum rainfall on a monthly basis than central and western stations. Earlier annual maximum monthly rains can affect soil moisture and runoff generation. Timely maintenance and improvement in water, soil, and flood management systems are necessary in order to increase preparedness of the society to flash floods and protect them from water management systems failures.
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::b5133e69aeab34c1aa0ad27ea246976cTest
https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.4577Test -
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المؤلفون: Reid T. Plumb, Brett K. Sandercock, Mindy B. Rice, Jonathan D. Lautenbach, Samantha G. Robinson, John D. Kraft, Joseph M. Lautenbach, Daniel S. Sullins, Christian A. Hagen, J. M. Shawn Hutchinson, David A. Haukos, Jonathan H. Reitz
المساهمون: Fish and Wildlife Conservation
المصدر: Biological Conservation. 238:108213
مصطلحات موضوعية: 0106 biological sciences, Species distribution, Distribution (economics), Spatial distribution, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Grassland, Ecosystem services, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Nature and Landscape Conservation, geography, Random Forest, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, business.industry, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Tympanuchus, Conservation reserve program, biology.organism_classification, Prairie grouse, Habitat, Working lands, Conservation Reserve Program, business
الوصف: For millennia grasslands have provided a myriad of ecosystem services and have been coupled with human resource use. The loss of 46% of grasslands worldwide necessitates the need for conservation that is spatially, temporally, and socioeconomically strategic. In the Southern Great Plains of the United States, conversion of native grasslands to cropland, woody encroachment, and establishment of vertical anthropogenic features have made large intact grasslands rare for lesser prairie-chickens (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus). However, it remains unclear how the spatial distribution of grasslands and anthropogenic features constrain populations and influence conservation. We estimated the distribution of lesser prairie-chickens using data from individuals marked with GPS transmitters in Kansas and Colorado, USA, and empirically derived relationships with anthropogenic structure densities and grassland composition. Our model suggested decreased probability of use in 2-km radius (12.6 km(2)) landscapes that had greater than two vertical features, two oil wells, 8 km of county roads, and 0.15 km of major roads or transmission lines. Predicted probability of use was greatest in 5-km radius landscapes that were 77% grassland. Based on our model predictions, similar to 10% of the current expected lesser prairie-chicken distribution was available as habitat. We used our estimated species distribution to provide spatially explicit prescriptions for CRP enrollment and tree removal in locations most likely to benefit lesser prairie-chickens. Spatially incentivized CRP sign up has the potential to provide 4189 km2 of additional habitat and strategic application of tree removal has the potential to restore 1154 km(2). Tree removal and CRP enrollment are conservation tools that can align with landowner goals and are much more likely to be effective on privately owned working lands. Kansas Wildlife, Parks, and Tourism (Federal Assistance Grant) [KS W-73-R-3]; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Farm Services CRP Monitoring, Assessment, and Evaluation [12-IA-MRE CRP TA, KSCFWRU RWO 62, 7]; USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Lesser Prairie-Chicken Initiative We thank Kent Fricke, three anonymous reviewers, and the associate editor for providing reviews that improved the quality of the manuscript. We thank K. Schultz and A. Chappell for capturing and providing GPS data from lesser prairie-chickens captured on the Cimarron National Grasslands. B. Anderson, S. Baker, S. Bard, G. Brinkman, K. Broadfoot, R. Cooper, J. Danner, J. Decker, E. D. Entsminger, R. M. Galvin, N. Gilbert, A. Godar, G. Gould, B. Hardy, S.P. Hoffman, D. Holt, B. M. Irle, T. Karish, A. Klais, H. Kruckman, K. Kuechle, S. J. Lane, E. A. Leipold, J. Letlebo, E. Mangelinckx, L. McCall, A. Nichter, K. Phillips, J. K. Proescholdt, J. Rabon, T. Reed, A. Rhodes, B. E. Ross, D. Spencer, A. M. Steed, A. E. Swicegood, P. Waldron, B. A. Walter, I. Waters, W. J. White, E. Wiens, J. B. Yantachka, and A. Zarazua, provided much needed assistance with data collection. We greatly appreciate the logistic and technical support provided by J. C. Pitman, J. Kramer, M. Mitchener, D. K. Dahlgren, J. A. Prendergast, C. Berens, G. Kramos, and A. A. Flanders. Funding for the project was provided by Kansas Wildlife, Parks, and Tourism (Federal Assistance Grant KS W-73-R-3); United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Farm Services CRP Monitoring, Assessment, and Evaluation (12-IA-MRE CRP TA#7, KSCFWRU RWO 62); and USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Lesser Prairie-Chicken Initiative. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Public domain – authored by a U.S. government employee
وصف الملف: application/pdf
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::3301a633dd409cbf029c25a0332260e3Test
https://doi.org/10.1016Test/j .biocon.2019.108213
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