المؤلفون: Mei Wang, Xiu-Mei Wu, Miao He, Heng Liu, Zhi-Bing Yang, Yue Li, Guang-ming Wang, Hai-Rong Zhao, Chenggui Zhang

المصدر: Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, Vol 25, Iss 3, Pp 320-329 (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: brain ischemia, hippocampal ca1 region, neuroinflammatory - diseases, oxidative stress, wasp venoms, Medicine

الوصف: Objective(s): Global cerebral ischemia (GCI), a consequence of cardiac arrest (CA), can significantly damage the neurons located in the vulnerable hippocampus CA1 areas. Clinically, neurological injury after CA contributes to death in most patients. Mastoparan-M extracted from Vespa magnifica (Smith) can be used to treat major neurological disorders. Hence, this study aimed to assess the effects of Mastoparan-M on GCI. Materials and Methods: To evaluate the neurotoxicity and neuroprotective effect of Mastoparan-M, the CCK8 and Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis assays were first performed in hippocampal HT22 neuronal cells in vitro. Then, Pulsinelli’s 4-vascular occlusion model was constructed in rats. After treatment with Mastoparan-M (0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 mg/kg, IP) for 3 or 7 days, behavioral tests, H&E staining or Nissl staining, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA were employed to investigate neuroprotective effects of Mastoparan-M on GCI in rats.Results: In vitro, the growth of HT22 neuronal cells was restrained at concentrations of 30-300 µg/ml (at 24 hr, IC50=105.2 µg/ml; at 48 hr, IC50=46.81 µg/ml), and Mastoparan-M treatment (0.1,1 and 5 µg/ml) restrained apoptosis. In vivo, Mastoparan-M improved neurocognitive function and neuronal loss in the hippocampal CA1 area of rats. In addition, these effects were associated with the prevention of neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Conclusion: Mastoparan-M acts as a neuroprotective agent to alleviate neuronal death in rats.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_19788_07714edd3c9c35c5411a54cf420d841b.pdfTest; https://doaj.org/toc/2008-3866Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2008-3874Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/a325bf52dd2f4e5880f3c18fb42364ebTest

المؤلفون: Atasoy, Ö., Gürkan, G., Çini, N., Sever, İ.H., Özkul, B., Yaprak, G., Şirin, C.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Animal models, Anxiolytic, Brain injuries, Granulocyte colony stimulating factor, Irradiation, brain derived neurotrophic factor, glial fibrillary acidic protein, ketamine, lactic acid, malonaldehyde, neurotrophic factor, sodium chloride, xylazine, animal experiment, animal model, animal tissue, Article, brain function, brain injury, brain radiation, controlled study, degenerative disease, female, hippocampal CA1 region, hippocampal CA3 region, histopathology, neuroprotection, nonhuman, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, open field test

الوصف: Objective: This animal model aimed to compare the rat group that received brain irradiation and did not receive additional treatment (only saline) and the rat group that underwent brain irradiation and received Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) treatment. In addition, the effects of G-CSF on brain functions were examined by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and histopathologically. Methods: This study used 24 female Wistar albino rats. Drug administration (saline or G-CSF) was started at the beginning of the study and continued for 15 days after whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT). WBRT was given on day 7 of the start of the study. At the end of 15 days, the behavioral tests, including the three-chamber sociability test, open field test, and passive avoidance learning test, were done. After the behavioral test, the animals performed the MR spectroscopy procedure. At the end of the study, cervical dislocation was applied to all animals. Results: G-CSF treatment positively affected the results of the three-chamber sociability test, open-space test and passive avoidance learning test, cornu Ammonis (CA) 1, CA3, and Purkinje neuron counts, and the brain levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and postsynaptic density protein-95. However, G-CSF treatment reduced the glial fibrillary acidic protein immunostaining index and brain levels of malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, nuclear factor kappa-B, and lactate. In addition, on MR spectroscopy, G-CSF had a reversible effect on brain lactate levels. Conclusion: In this first designed brain irradiation animal model, which evaluated G-CSF effects, we observed that G-CSF had reparative, neuroprotective and anti-neurodegenerative effects and had increased neurotrophic factor expression, neuronal counts, and morphology changes. In addition, G-CSF had a proven lactate-lowering effect in MR spectroscopy and brain materials. © 2023 The Korean Neurosurgical Society.

العلاقة: Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society; Makale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı; https://hdl.handle.net/11454/92268Test; https://doi.org/10.3340/jkns.2023.0049Test; 66; 511; 524

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3340/jkns.2023.0049Test
https://hdl.handle.net/11454/92268Test

المؤلفون: Shole Jamali, Mohsen Parto Dezfouli, AmirAli Kalbasi, Mohammad Reza Daliri, Abbas Haghparast

المصدر: Brain Sciences; Volume 13; Issue 2; Pages: 322

مصطلحات موضوعية: reward, food, morphine, hippocampal CA1 region, local field potential, theta oscillations

الوصف: Despite the overlapping neural circuits underlying natural and drug rewards, several studies have suggested different behavioral and neurochemical mechanisms in response to drug vs. natural rewards. The strong link between hippocampal theta oscillations (4–12 Hz) and reward-associated learning and memory has raised the hypothesis that this rhythm in hippocampal CA1 might be differently modulated by drug- and natural-conditioned place preference (CPP). Time–frequency analysis of recorded local field potentials (LFPs) from the CA1 of freely moving male rats previously exposed to a natural (in this case, food), drug (in this case, morphine), or saline (control) reward cue in the CPP paradigm showed that the hippocampal CA1 theta activity represents a different pattern for entrance to the rewarded compared to unrewarded compartment during the post-test session of morphine- and natural-CPP. Comparing LFP activity in the CA1 between the saline and morphine/natural groups showed that the maximum theta power occurred before entering the unrewarded compartment and after the entrance to the rewarded compartment in morphine and natural groups, respectively. In conclusion, our findings suggest that drug and natural rewards could differently affect the theta dynamic in the hippocampal CA1 region during reward-associated learning and contextual cueing in the CPP paradigm.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: Neuropharmacology and Neuropathology; https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13020322Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13020322Test

المؤلفون: Xueming Zhou, Chenyue Liu, Yueyun Liu, Qingyu Ma, Xin Zhao, Youming Jiang, Xiaojuan Li, Jia-Xu Chen

المصدر: Frontiers in Pharmacology, Vol 13 (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: depression, xiaoyaosan, NR2B, PI3K/Akt pathway, hippocampal CA1 region, glutamate, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.1042762/fullTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1663-9812Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/d36d476d89904cfb9f5a56c871785dedTest

المؤلفون: Tomas-Roca, L., Qiu, Z., Fransén, Erik, 1962, Gokhale, R., Bulovaite, E., Price, D. J., Komiyama, N. H., Grant, S. G. N.

المصدر: Nature Communications. 13(1)

مصطلحات موضوعية: pentobarbital, transcription factor PAX6, PAX6 protein, human, Pax6 protein, mouse, brain, developmental biology, disease prevalence, nervous system disorder, protein, rodent, trajectory, turnover, animal experiment, animal model, animal tissue, Article, Bayes theorem, brain function, brain region, cognition, computer model, confocal microscopy, connectome, controlled study, disease model, electrophysiology, excitatory postsynaptic potential, functional magnetic resonance imaging, genetic disorder, genotype, haploinsufficiency, hippocampal CA1 region, mental disease, Monte Carlo method, nerve cell network, nonhuman, phenotype, postnatal development, protein metabolism, synapse, synaptic transmission, animal, genetics, metabolism, preschool child, Animals, Child, Preschool, Humans, Mice, Neurodevelopmental Disorders, PAX6 Transcription Factor, Synapses

الوصف: Neurodevelopmental disorders of genetic origin delay the acquisition of normal abilities and cause disabling phenotypes. Nevertheless, spontaneous attenuation and even complete amelioration of symptoms in early childhood and adolescence can occur in many disorders, suggesting that brain circuits possess an intrinsic capacity to overcome the deficits arising from some germline mutations. We examined the molecular composition of almost a trillion excitatory synapses on a brain-wide scale between birth and adulthood in mice carrying a mutation in the homeobox transcription factor Pax6, a neurodevelopmental disorder model. Pax6 haploinsufficiency had no impact on total synapse number at any age. By contrast, the molecular composition of excitatory synapses, the postnatal expansion of synapse diversity and the acquisition of normal synaptome architecture were delayed in all brain regions, interfering with networks and electrophysiological simulations of cognitive functions. Specific excitatory synapse types and subtypes were affected in two key developmental age-windows. These phenotypes were reversed within 2-3 weeks of onset, restoring synapse diversity and synaptome architecture to the normal developmental trajectory. Synapse subtypes with rapid protein turnover mediated the synaptome remodeling. This brain-wide capacity for remodeling of synapse molecular composition to recover and maintain the developmental trajectory of synaptome architecture may help confer resilience to neurodevelopmental genetic disorders.

وصف الملف: print

الوصول الحر: https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-329015Test
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-34131-wTest

المؤلفون: Yu-Zhi Jia, Hai-Tao Li, Guang-Ming Zhang, Hong-Yun Wu, Si-Shuo Zhang, Hong-Wei Zhi, Ya-Han Wang, Jing-Wen Zhu, Yi-Fan Wang, Xiang-Qing Xu, Cai-Jun Tian, Wen-Qiang Cui

المصدر: Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, Vol 15 (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: trigeminal neuralgia, anxiety, electroacupuncture, synaptic plasticity, hippocampal CA1 region, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571

الوصف: ObjectiveTrigeminal neuralgia (TN), one of the most severe and debilitating chronic pain conditions, is often accompanied by mood disorders, such as anxiety and depression. Electroacupuncture (EA) is a characteristic therapy of Traditional Chinese Medicine with analgesic and anxiolytic effects. This study aimed to investigate whether EA ameliorates abnormal TN orofacial pain and anxiety-like behavior by altering synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus CA1.Materials and methodsA mouse infraorbital nerve transection model (pT-ION) of neuropathic pain was established, and EA or sham EA was used to treat ipsilateral acupuncture points (GV20-Baihui and ST7-Xiaguan). Golgi–Cox staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were administrated to observe the changes of synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus CA1.ResultsStable and persistent orofacial allodynia and anxiety-like behaviors induced by pT-ION were related to changes in hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Golgi stainings showed a decrease in the density of dendritic spines, especially mushroom-type dendritic spines, in hippocampal CA1 neurons of pT-ION mice. TEM results showed that the density of synapses, membrane thickness of the postsynaptic density, and length of the synaptic active zone were decreased, whereas the width of the synaptic cleft was increased in pT-ION mice. EA attenuated pT-ION-induced orofacial allodynia and anxiety-like behaviors and effectively reversed the abnormal changes in dendritic spines and synapse of the hippocampal CA1 region.ConclusionEA modulates synaptic plasticity of hippocampal CA1 neurons, thereby reducing abnormal orofacial pain and anxiety-like behavior. This provides evidence for a TN treatment strategy.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnmol.2022.979483/fullTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1662-5099Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/bbc47f25390d4a54a05f9e96dd05e1e0Test

المؤلفون: Yue Yuan, Zhouyan Feng, Gangsheng Yang, Xiangyu Ye, Zhaoxiang Wang

المصدر: Frontiers in Neuroscience, Vol 16 (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: high-frequency stimulation, silent period, suppression, neuronal firing, evoked potentials, hippocampal CA1 region, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571

الوصف: High-frequency stimulation (HFS) of electrical pulses has been used to treat certain neurological diseases in brain with commonly utilized effects within stimulation periods. Post-stimulation effects after the end of HFS may also have functions but are lack of attention. To investigate the post-stimulation effects of HFS, we performed experiments in the rat hippocampal CA1 region in vivo. Sequences of 1-min antidromic-HFS (A-HFS) were applied at the alveus fibers. To evaluate the excitability of the neurons, separated orthodromic-tests (O-test) of paired pulses were applied at the Schaffer collaterals in the period of baseline, during late period of A-HFS, and following A-HFS. The evoked potentials of A-HFS pulses and O-test pulses were recorded at the stratum pyramidale and the stratum radiatum of CA1 region by an electrode array. The results showed that the antidromic population spikes (APS) evoked by the A-HFS pulses persisted through the entire 1-min period of 100 Hz A-HFS, though the APS amplitudes decreased significantly from the initial value of 9.9 ± 3.3 mV to the end value of 1.6 ± 0.60 mV. However, following the cessation of A-HFS, a silent period without neuronal firing appeared before the firing gradually recovered to the baseline level. The mean lengths of both silent period and recovery period of pyramidal cells (21.9 ± 22.9 and 172.8 ± 91.6 s) were significantly longer than those of interneurons (11.2 ± 8.9 and 45.6 ± 35.9 s). Furthermore, the orthodromic population spikes (OPS) and the field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSP) evoked by O-tests at ∼15 s following A-HFS decreased significantly, indicating the excitability of pyramidal cells decreased. In addition, when the pulse frequency of A-HFS was increased to 200, 400, and 800 Hz, the suppression of neuronal activity following A-HFS decreased rather than increased. These results indicated that the neurons with axons directly under HFS can generate a post-stimulation suppression of their excitability that may be due to an antidromic invasion of axonal A-HFS to somata and dendrites. The finding provides new clues to utilize post-stimulation effects generated in the intervals to design intermittent stimulations, such as closed-loop or adaptive stimulations.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2022.881426/fullTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1662-453XTest

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/590f6357b2854ceaabde6b80fce998e4Test

المؤلفون: Shi, Luye, Jiang, Mengwan, Li, Mengyang, Shang, Xiaozhen, Li, Xiujuan, Huang, Maolin, Wu, Yue, Qiao, Congcong, Wang, Xinrui, Tian, Xiangyu, Shi, Yuhua, Wang, Zhenlong

المصدر: Zoologia (Curitiba). January 2021 38

مصطلحات موضوعية: Comparative biology, hippocampal CA1 region, oxygen, subterranean rodents

الوصف: The response mechanism and interaction patterns of HIF-1α and p53 in animals in an hypoxic environment are crucial for their hypoxic tolerance and adaptation. Many studies have shown that underground rodents have better hypoxic adaptation characteristics. However, the mechanism by which HIF-1α and p53 in underground rodents respond to hypoxic environments compared with in ground rodents remains unclear. Further, whether a synergy between HIF-1α and p53 enables animals tolerate extremely hypoxic environments is unclear. We studied HIF-1α and p53 expression in the brain tissue and cell apoptosis in the hippocampal CA1 region during 6 hours of acute hypoxia (5% oxygen) in Lasiopodomys mandarinus (Milne-Edwards, 1871) and Lasiopodomys brandtii (Radde, 1861), two closely related small rodents with different life characteristics (underground and aboveground, respectively), using a comparative biology method to determine the mechanisms underlying their adaptation to this environment. Our results indicate that HIF-1α and p53 expression is more rapid in L. mandarinus than in L. brandtii under acute hypoxic environments, resulting in a significant synergistic effect in L. mandarinus. Correlation analysis revealed that HIF-1α expression and the apoptotic index of the hippocampal CA1 regions of the brain tissues of L. mandarinus and L. brandtii, both under hypoxia, were significantly negatively and positively correlated, respectively. Long-term existence in underground burrow systems could enable better adaptation to hypoxia in L. mandarinus than in L. brandtii. We speculate that L. mandarinus can quickly eliminate resulting damage via the synergistic effect of p53 and HIF-1α in response to acute hypoxic environments, helping the organism quickly return to a normal state after the stress.

وصف الملف: text/html

الوصول الحر: http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702021000100305Test

المؤلفون: Yue Yuan, Lvpiao Zheng, Zhouyan Feng, Gangsheng Yang

المصدر: BioMedical Engineering OnLine, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: High-frequency stimulation, Monophasic pulse, Biphasic pulse, Spreading depression, Hippocampal CA1 region, Medical technology, R855-855.5

الوصف: Abstract Background Electrical pulse stimulations have been applied in brain for treating certain diseases such as movement disorders. High-frequency stimulations (HFS) of biphasic pulses have been used in clinic stimulations, such as deep brain stimulation (DBS), to minimize the risk of tissue damages caused by the electrical stimulations. However, HFS sequences of monophasic pulses have often been used in animal experiments for studying neuronal responses to the stimulations. It is not clear yet what the differences of the neuronal responses to the HFS of monophasic pulses from the HFS of biphasic pulses are. Methods To investigate the neuronal responses to the two types of pulses, orthodromic-HFS (O-HFS) and antidromic-HFS (A-HFS) of biphasic and monophasic pulses (1-min) were delivered by bipolar electrodes, respectively, to the Schaffer collaterals (i.e., afferent fibers) and the alveus fibers (i.e., efferent fibers) of the rat hippocampal CA1 region in vivo. Evoked population spikes of CA1 pyramidal neurons to the HFSs were recorded in the CA1 region. In addition, single pulses of antidromic- and orthodromic-test stimuli were applied before and after HFSs to evaluate the baseline and the recovery of neuronal activity, respectively. Results Spreading depression (SD) appeared during sequences of 200-Hz monophasic O-HFS with a high incidence (4/5), but did not appear during corresponding 200-Hz biphasic O-HFS (0/6). A preceding burst of population spikes appeared before the SD waveforms. Then, the SD propagated slowly, silenced neuronal firing temporarily and resulted in partial recovery of orthodromically evoked population spikes (OPS) after the end of O-HFS. No SD events appeared during the O-HFS with a lower frequency of 100 Hz of monophasic or biphasic pulses (0/5 and 0/6, respectively), neither during the A-HFS of 200-Hz pulses (0/9). The antidromically evoked population spikes (APS) after 200-Hz biphasic A-HFS recovered to baseline level within ~ 2 min. However, the APS only recovered partially after the 200-Hz A-HFS of monophasic pulses. Conclusions The O-HFS with a higher frequency of monophasic pulses can induce the abnormal neuron activity of SD and the A-HFS of monophasic pulses can cause a persisting attenuation of neuronal excitability, indicating neuronal damages caused by monophasic stimulations in brain tissues. The results provide guidance for proper stimulation protocols in clinic and animal experiments.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1475-925XTest

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/f0ea75107c3f4b619666384f8665269bTest

المؤلفون: Amit Benbenishty (6524375), Jacob Schneiderman (5851292)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biochemistry, Medicine, Cell Biology, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Neuroscience, Physiology, Immunology, Developmental Biology, Cancer, Infectious Diseases, injured brain area, lesions derive expression, leptin therapy may, dose leptin antagonist, +inhibition%22">xlink "> inhibition, saline solution via, injected mice completed, hippocampal ca1 region, blocking leptin activity, also involves processes, leptin antagonist treatment, reperfusion , reperfusion reduced apoptosis, leptin antagonist, %22">xlink ">, leptin activity, ca1 region, treatment reduced, local expression

الوصف: (DOCX)

العلاقة: https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/S1_Checklist_-/18175417Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261644.s001Test