المؤلفون: Nishizawa, Toshihiro^1,2 (AUTHOR), Watanabe, Hidenobu³ (AUTHOR), Yoshida, Shuntaro^1,4 (AUTHOR), Matsuno, Tatsuya¹ (AUTHOR), Fujimoto, Ai^1,5 (AUTHOR), Matsuda, Rie¹ (AUTHOR), Ebinuma, Hirotoshi² (AUTHOR), Fujishiro, Mitsuhiro⁴ (AUTHOR), Saito, Yutaka⁶ (AUTHOR), Toyoshima, Osamu¹ (AUTHOR) t@ichou.com

المصدر: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. Jul2024, Vol. 59 Issue 7, p875-879. 5p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *HEMATOXYLIN & eosin staining, *ADENOMA, *KRUSKAL-Wallis Test

مصطلحات جغرافية: JAPAN

مستخلص: We previously reported unusual adenomas with proliferative zones confined to the lower two-thirds of the crypt. The proliferative zones of colorectal adenomas have three patterns: 'lower,' 'superficial' and 'entire'. This study aimed to clarify the characteristics of each adenoma pattern. We investigated 2925 consecutive patients who underwent colonoscopy at our institute. All polyps that were removed were histologically examined using hematoxylin and eosin staining. The location of the proliferative zone was assessed for adenomas. Data were compared using Dunn's and Kruskal–Wallis tests. Colorectal adenomas with 'lower' proliferative zone often appeared similar to hyperplastic polyps (42.8%), and the frequency was significantly higher than that of adenomas with 'superficial' and 'entire' proliferative zones (p < 0.001). The mean sizes of adenomas were 2.4, 3.0 and 3.9 mm for 'lower,' 'superficial' and 'entire' proliferative zones, respectively. A significant gradual increase was observed. Regarding morphology, the proportion of type 0–I in adenomas with an 'entire' proliferative zone was significantly higher than that in adenomas with 'superficial' proliferative zone (p < 0.001). While colorectal adenomas develop and increase in size, the proliferative zone appears to shift upward and become scattered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: An, Yue-peng¹ (AUTHOR), Yuan, Rui¹ (AUTHOR), Wang, Shan-shan¹ (AUTHOR), Yang, Su-qing¹ (AUTHOR), Zhang, Qing¹ (AUTHOR) zhangqing202312@163.com

المصدر: Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology. 6/29/2024, Vol. 20 Issue 1, p1-10. 10p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *HEMATOXYLIN & eosin staining, *CELLULAR signal transduction, *JAK-STAT pathway, *RATS, *LABORATORY rats

مستخلص: Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the role and mechanisms of miR-155 in chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). Methods: The expression level of miR-155 in the skin tissues of patients with CSU and experimental rats were detected by RT-qPCR, followed by the measurement of the histamine release rate in the serum through the histamine release test. Besides, hematoxylin & eosin staining was used to observe the pathological changes of the skin tissues; Corresponding detection kits and flow cytometry to measure the changes of immunoglobulins, inflammatory cytokines and T cell subsets in the serum of rats in each group; and western blot to check the expression level of proteins related to JAK/STAT signaling pathway in the skin tissues. Results: Knockdown of miR-155 reduced the number and duration of pruritus, alleviated the skin damage, and decreased the number of eosinophils in CSU rats. Moreover, knockdown of miR-155 elevated the serum levels of IgG and IgM, decreased the levels of IgA and inflammatory cytokines, and reduced the proportion of CD4 + and CD4 + CD25 + T cells, as well as the CD4+/CD8 + ratio in CSU rats. However, Tyr705 intervention could reverse the effects of knockdown of miR-155 on CSU model rats. Furthermore, we found that knockdown of miR-155 significantly reduced the protein expression of IRF-9, as well as the P-JAK2/JAK2 and P-STAT3/STAT3 ratios in the skin tissues of CSU rats. Conclusion: Knockdown of miR-155 can alleviate skin damage and inflammatory responses and relieve autoimmunity in CSU rats by inhibiting the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Rajbanshi, Girju^1,2 (AUTHOR), Li, Wei¹ (AUTHOR), Nong, Xiaolin^1,3 (AUTHOR) xnong@gxmu.edu.cn, Li, Yi⁴ (AUTHOR), Nong, Dongxiao⁵ (AUTHOR) nongdx@gxmu.edu.cn

المصدر: Scientific Reports. 5/31/2024, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p1-14. 14p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *LABORATORY rats, *HEMATOXYLIN & eosin staining

مستخلص: Diabetic patients are at high risk of developing lacrimal gland dysfunction, and the antimalarial drug artesunate (ART) was recently used to induce experimental-induced diabetes mellitus. This study's objective is to investigate the lacrimal gland alteration and the effect of ART on experimentally induced diabetes rat models and its related mechanisms. Forty rats were divided into five groups (8 rats/group): healthy control group (HC), diabetic group (DM), 50 mg/kg ART intervention diabetic group [DM + ART (50 mg/kg)], 100 mg/kg ART intervention diabetic group [DM + ART (100 mg/kg)] and 6 U/kg Insulin intervention diabetic group (DM + INS). The morphology of the eyeball and lacrimal gland tissues was determined using hematoxylin and eosin staining. In addition, external lacrimal glands were harvested for electronic microscopic examination, NFκB1, and TNF-α protein expression evaluation by immunohistochemistry and mRNA expression analysis by RT-PCR. Histopathological and ultrastructural changes suggest ART intervention has an improved structural effect. Protein expression of NFκB1 in the DM + ART (100 mg/kg) group was decreased. TNF-α significantly decreased in the DM + ART (50 mg/kg) and insulin groups. We concluded that ART improves structural changes in a lacrimal gland in diabetic rats. The present study provides further evidence of the therapeutic effect of ART on the lacrimal gland of diabetic rats by decreasing the expression of NFκB1 and TNF-α. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Lai, Yongkang^1,2 (AUTHOR), Dong, Xiaoyang¹ (AUTHOR), Song, Yingxiao¹ (AUTHOR), Zhao, Jiulong^1,3,4,5 (AUTHOR) jlzhao9@163.com, Du, Yiqi^1,3,4,5 (AUTHOR) duyiqi@hotmail.com, Li, Zhaoshen¹ (AUTHOR)

المصدر: BMC Infectious Diseases. 5/29/2024, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p1-14. 14p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *HELICOBACTER pylori, *HEMATOXYLIN & eosin staining, *GUT microbiome, *PLATING baths, *SCANNING electron microscopy, *GRAM'S stain, *AGAR plates

مستخلص: Background: Eradication of oral Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) not only reduces the infection rate from the transmission route but also improves the success rate of intragastric eradication. MAXPOWER Biological Bacteriostatic Liquid, developed in our previous work, is a composite biological preparation with strong antibacterial ability and unique antibacterial mechanism. The present study evaluated the efficacy of the MAXPOWER biocontrol solution on H. pylori and its success rate in eradicating oral H. pylori in clinical patients. Methods: Live-dead cell staining and hemolysis test were used to evaluate the cellular safety of MAXPOWER biocontrol solution; plate spreading, live-dead bacterial staining, and scanning electron microscopy methods were used to evaluate its antimicrobial effect against H. pylori. Transcriptomics was used to analyze the changes in H. pylori genes before and after treatment. After seven days of gavage treatment, H&E staining and mice feces were collected for 16SrDNA sequencing to evaluate the animals' safety. Oral H. pylori-positive patients were randomized to be given a placebo and MAXPOWER Bio-Bacteriostatic Liquid gargle for seven days to evaluate the effect on oral H. pylori eradication. Results: In vitro tests demonstrated that this product has excellent biocompatibility and hemocompatibility and can effectively eradicate oral H. pylori. In vivo tests further showed that it has good biosafety and virtually no adverse effect on intestinal microflora. Transcriptomics analysis revealed that it kills H. pylori cells mainly by disrupting their cell membranes and metabolism. Additionally, the results of randomized controlled trials on humans disclosed that the oral H. pylori eradication rates achieved by MAXPOWER Biological Antibacterial Liquid were 71.4% and 78.9% according to the intention-to-treat and the per-protocol analysis, respectively. Conclusion: MAXPOWER Biological Antibacterial Liquid is both safe and efficacious in the eradication of oral H. pylori. Trial registration: This study was retrospectively registered in the ClinicalTrials.gov Trial Registry on 21/09/2023 (NCT06045832). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Xu, Xiaoxia¹ (AUTHOR), Qiu, Hongbin¹ (AUTHOR) qhbin63@163.com

المصدر: Molecular Medicine. 5/21/2024, Vol. 30 Issue 1, p1-17. 17p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *PYROPTOSIS, *HEMATOXYLIN & eosin staining, *ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay, *ARTHRITIS

مستخلص: Background: Gouty arthritis (GA) is characterized by monosodium urate (MSU) crystal accumulation that instigates NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis; however, the underlying regulatory mechanisms have yet to be fully elucidated. The present research endeavors to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms underpinning this MSU-induced pyroptotic cascade in GA. Methods: J774 cells were exposed to lipopolysaccharide and MSU crystals to establish in vitro GA models, whereas C57BL/6 J male mice received MSU crystal injections to mimic in vivo GA conditions. Gene and protein expression levels were evaluated using real-time quantitative PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemical assays. Inflammatory markers were quantified via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Pyroptosis was evaluated using immunofluorescence staining for caspase-1 and flow cytometry with caspase-1/propidium iodide staining. The interaction between MDM2 and PPARγ was analyzed through co-immunoprecipitation assays, whereas the interaction between BRD4 and the MDM2 promoter was examined using chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase reporter assays. Mouse joint tissues were histopathologically evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Results: In GA, PPARγ was downregulated, whereas its overexpression mitigated NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis. MDM2, which was upregulated in GA, destabilized PPARγ through the ubiquitin–proteasome degradation pathway, whereas its silencing attenuated NLRP3 activation by elevating PPARγ levels. Concurrently, BRD4 was elevated in GA and exacerbated NLRP3 activation and pyroptosis by transcriptionally upregulating MDM2, thereby promoting PPARγ degradation. In vivo experiments showed that BRD4 silencing ameliorated GA through this MDM2–PPARγ–pyroptosis axis. Conclusion: BRD4 promotes inflammation and pyroptosis in GA through MDM2-mediated PPARγ degradation, underscoring the therapeutic potential of targeting this pathway in GA management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Li, Dechan^1,2 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Ji² (AUTHOR), Guo, Wenqing^2,3 (AUTHOR), Ma, Kaijun⁴ (AUTHOR), Qin, Zhiqiang² (AUTHOR), Zhang, Jianhua² (AUTHOR), Chen, Liqin⁵ (AUTHOR), Xiong, Ling¹ (AUTHOR), Huang, Jiang¹ (AUTHOR) mmm_hj@126.com, Wan, Changwu¹ (AUTHOR) wcw005@sina.com, Huang, Ping^1,2 (AUTHOR) huangp@ssfjd.cn

المصدر: International Journal of Legal Medicine. May2024, Vol. 138 Issue 3, p849-858. 10p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *HEMATOXYLIN & eosin staining, *PULMONARY embolism, *MACHINE learning, *STAINS & staining (Microscopy), *CONVOLUTIONAL neural networks

مستخلص: Pulmonary fat embolism (PFE) as a cause of death often occurs in trauma cases such as fractures and soft tissue contusions. Traditional PFE diagnosis relies on subjective methods and special stains like oil red O. This study utilizes computational pathology, combining digital pathology and deep learning algorithms, to precisely quantify fat emboli in whole slide images using conventional hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. The results demonstrate deep learning's ability to identify fat droplet morphology in lung microvessels, achieving an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of 0.98. The AI-quantified fat globules generally matched the Falzi scoring system with oil red O staining. The relative quantity of fat emboli against lung area was calculated by the algorithm, determining a diagnostic threshold of 8.275% for fatal PFE. A diagnostic strategy based on this threshold achieved a high AUC of 0.984, similar to manual identification with special stains but surpassing H&E staining. This demonstrates computational pathology's potential as an affordable, rapid, and precise method for fatal PFE diagnosis in forensic practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Klak, Marta^1,2 (AUTHOR) marta.klak@fundacjabirn.pl, Rachalewski, Michał¹ (AUTHOR), Filip, Anna¹ (AUTHOR), Dobrzański, Tomasz² (AUTHOR), Berman, Andrzej² (AUTHOR), Wszoła, Michał^1,2 (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Bioengineering (Basel). May2024, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p439. 19p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *BIOPRINTING, *HEMATOXYLIN & eosin staining, *CARDIOVASCULAR system, *ENDOTHELIAL cells, *IMMUNOSTAINING, *BIONICS

مستخلص: There is a growing interest in the production of bioinks that on the one hand, are biocompatible and, on the other hand, have mechanical properties that allow for the production of stable constructs that can survive for a long time after transplantation. While the selection of the right material is crucial for bioprinting, there is another equally important issue that is currently being extensively researched—the incorporation of the vascular system into the fabricated scaffolds. Therefore, in the following manuscript, we present the results of research on bioink with unique physico-chemical and biological properties. In this article, two methods of seeding cells were tested using bioink B and seeding after bioprinting the whole model. After 2, 5, 8, or 24 h of incubation, the flow medium was used in the tested systems. At the end of the experimental trial, for each time variant, the canals were stored in formaldehyde, and immunohistochemical staining was performed to examine the presence of cells on the canal walls and roof. Cells adhered to both ways of fiber arrangement; however, a parallel bioprint with the 5 h incubation and the intermediate plating of cells resulted in better adhesion efficiency. For this test variant, the percentage of cells that adhered was at least 20% higher than in the other analyzed variants. In addition, it was for this variant that the lowest percentage of viable cells was found that were washed out of the tested model. Importantly, hematoxylin and eosin staining showed that after 8 days of culture, the cells were evenly distributed throughout the canal roof. Our study clearly shows that neovascularization-promoting cells effectively adhere to ECM-based pancreatic bioink. Summarizing the presented results, it was demonstrated that the proposed bioink compositions can be used for bioprinting bionic organs with a vascular system formed by endothelial cells and fibroblasts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Li, Shouqiang^1,2 (AUTHOR), Chen, Cheng³ (AUTHOR), Lof, John² (AUTHOR), Stolze, Elizabeth A.² (AUTHOR), Sklenar, Jiri⁴ (AUTHOR), Chen, Xucai³ (AUTHOR), Pacella, John J.³ (AUTHOR), Villanueva, Flordeliza S.³ (AUTHOR), Matsunaga, Terry O.⁵ (AUTHOR), Everbach, E. Carr⁶ (AUTHOR), Radio, Stanley J.⁷ (AUTHOR), Westphal, Sherry² (AUTHOR), Xie, Feng² (AUTHOR), Leng, Xiaoping¹ (AUTHOR) xpleng@ems.hrbmu.edu.cn, Porter, Thomas R.^1,2 (AUTHOR) trporter@unmc.edu

المصدر: Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology. Aug2024, Vol. 50 Issue 8, p1232-1239. 8p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *INTRAVENOUS injections, *HEMATOXYLIN & eosin staining, *BODY temperature, *HIGH temperatures, *TEMPERATURE effect

مستخلص: Acoustically activated perfluoropropane droplets (PD) formulated from lipid encapsulated microbubble preparations produce a delayed myocardial contrast enhancement that preferentially highlights the infarct zones (IZ). Since activation of PDs may be temperature sensitive, it is unclear what effect body temperature (BT) has on acoustic activation (AA). We sought to determine whether the microvascular retention and degree of myocardial contrast intensity (MCI) would be affected by BT at the time of intravenous injection. We administered intravenous (IV) PD in nine rats following 60 min of ischemia followed by reperfusion. Injections in these rats were given at temperatures above and below 36.5°C, with high MI activation in both groups at 3 or 6 min following IV injection (IVI). In six additional rats (three in each group), IV PDs were given only at one temperature (<36.5°C or ≥36.5°C), permitting a total of 12 comparisons of different BT. Differences in background subtracted MCI at 3-6 min post-injection were compared in the infarct zone (IZ) and remote zone (RZ). Post-mortem lung hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was performed to assess the effect potential thermal activation on lung tissue. Selective MCI within the IZ was observed in 8 of 12 rats who received IVI of PDs at <36.5°C, but none of the 12 rats who had IVI at the higher temperature (p < 0.0001). Absolute MCI following droplet activation was significantly higher in both the IZ and RZ when given at the lower BT. H&E indicated significant red blood extravasation in 5/7 rats who had had IV injections at higher BT, and 0/7 rats who had IV PDs at <36.5°C. Selective IZ enhancement with AA of intravenous PDs is possible, but temperature sensitive. Thermal activation appears to occur when PDs are given at higher temperatures, preventing AA, and increasing unwanted bioeffects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Yang, Yuanjiao (AUTHOR), Wang, Yuru (AUTHOR), Chao, Zhicong (AUTHOR), Yang, Yuhui (AUTHOR), Fang, Yanyun (AUTHOR), Liu, Ying (AUTHOR), Ding, Lin (AUTHOR), Chen, Yunlong (AUTHOR), Ju, Huangxian (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Advanced Science. 4/17/2024, Vol. 11 Issue 15, p1-4. 4p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *IMMUNOTHERAPY, *HEMATOXYLIN & eosin staining, *ELECTROPORATION therapy, *REFORMS, *ZETA potential

مستخلص: This document is a correction notice for an article titled "Triply Enhanced Immunotherapy via Dual Glycan Reforming Integrated with Perforation" published in the journal Advanced Science. The correction addresses misuses of images in Figures 2, 4, and 5, as well as in the Supporting Information. The corrected figures are presented in the notice. The correction does not affect the results and conclusions of the published article. The article discusses the triple functions of SLO-Gal and SLO-NEU on 4T1 cells, the characterization and degradation of TEID, and the triply enhanced immunotherapy with TEID on tumor-bearing mice. [Extracted from the article]

المؤلفون: Byun, Woo Yul^1,2 (AUTHOR), Liu, Lumei² (AUTHOR), Palutsis, Amanda^2,3 (AUTHOR), Tan, Zheng Hong^1,2 (AUTHOR), Herster, Rachel^3,4 (AUTHOR), VanKoevering, Kyle⁴ (AUTHOR), Manning, Amy^2,5 (AUTHOR), Chiang, Tendy^2,5 (AUTHOR) tendy.chiang@nationwidechildrens.org

المصدر: Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology. Apr2024, Vol. 9 Issue 2, p1-8. 8p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *STAINS & staining (Microscopy), *HEMATOXYLIN & eosin staining, *EUROPEAN rabbit, *RABBITS, *TRACHEA, *REGENERATION (Biology)

مصطلحات جغرافية: NEW Zealand

مستخلص: Objective: Bioengineered tracheal grafts are a potential solution for the repair of long‐segment tracheal defects. A recent advancement is partially decellularized tracheal grafts (PDTGs) which enable regeneration of host epithelium and retain viable donor chondrocytes for hypothesized benefits to mechanical properties. We propose a novel and tunable 3D‐printed bioreactor for creating large animal PDTG that brings this technology closer to the bedside. Methods: Conventional agitated immersion with surfactant and enzymatic activity was used to partially decellularize New Zealand white rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) tracheal segments (n = 3). In parallel, tracheal segments (n = 3) were decellularized in the bioreactor with continuous extraluminal flow of medium and alternating intraluminal flow of surfactant and medium. Unprocessed tracheal segments (n = 3) were also collected as a control. The grafts were assessed using the H&E stain, tissue DNA content, live/dead assay, Masson's trichrome stain, and mechanical testing. Results: Conventional processing required 10 h to achieve decellularization of the epithelium and submucosa with poor chondrocyte viability and mechanical strength. Using the bioreactor reduced processing time by 6 h and resulted in chondrocyte viability and mechanical strength similar to that of native trachea. Conclusion: Large animal PDTG created using our novel 3D printed bioreactor is a promising approach to efficiently produce tracheal grafts. The bioreactor offers flexibility and adjustability favorable to creating PDTG for clinical research and use. Future research includes optimizing flow conditions and transplantation to assess post‐implant regeneration and mechanical properties. Level of Evidence: NA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]