المؤلفون: Ashok Agarwal, Sajal Gupta, Rakesh K. Sharma, Renata Finell, Shinnosuke Kuroda, Sarah C. Vij, Florence Boitrelle, Parviz Kavoussi, Amarnath Rambhata, Ramadan Saleh, Eric Chung, Taymour Mostafa, Armand Zini, Edmund Ko, Neel Parekh, Marlon Martinez, Mohamed Arafa, Nicholas Tadros, Jean de la Rosette, Tan V. Le, Osvaldo Rajmil, Hussein Kandil, Gideon Blecher, Giovanni Liguori, Ettore Caroppo, Christopher C.K. Ho, Andrew Altman, Petar Bajic, David Goldfarb, Bradley Gill, Daniel Suslik Zylbersztejn, Juan Manuel Corral Molina, Marcello M. Gava, Joao Paulo Greco Cardoso, Raghavender Kosgi, Gökhan Çeker, Birute Zilaitiene, Edoardo Pescatori, Edson Borges Jr, Gede Wirya Kusuma Duarsa, Germar-Michael Pinggera, Gian Maria Busetto, Giancarlo Balercia, Giorgio Franco, Gökhan Çalik, Hassan N. Sallam, Hyun Jun Park, Jonathan Ramsay, Juan Alvarez, Kareim Khalafalla, Kasonde Bowa, Lukman Hakim, Mara Simopoulou, Marcelo Gabriel Rodriguez, Marjan Sabbaghian, Haitham Elbardisi, Massimiliano Timpano, Mesut Altan, Mohamed Elkhouly, Mohamed S. Al-Marhoon, Mohammad Ali Sadighi Gilani, Mohammad Ayodhia Soebadi, Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani, Nicolas Garrido, Paraskevi Vogiatzi, Ponco Birowo, Premal Patel, Qaisar Javed, Rafael F. Ambar, Ricky Adriansjah, Sami AlSaid, Sava Micic, Sheena E. Lewis, Shingai Mutambirwa, Shinichiro Fukuhara, Sijo Parekattil, Sun Tae Ahn, Sunil Jindal, Teppei Takeshima, Ana Puigvert, Toshiyasu Amano, Trenton Barrett, Tuncay Toprak, Vineet Malhotra, Widi Atmoko, Yasushi Yumura, Yoshiharu Morimoto, Thiago Fernandes Negris Lima, Yannic Kunz, Yuki Kato, Yukihiro Umemoto, Giovanni M. Colpi, Damayanthi Durairajanayagam, Rupin Shah

المصدر: The World Journal of Men's Health, Vol 40, Iss 3, Pp 425-441 (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: male contraception, semen, sperm, survey, vasectomy, Medicine, Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, RC870-923

الوصف: Purpose:Purpose: The success of vasectomy is determined by the outcome of a post-vasectomy semen analysis (PVSA). This article describes a step-by-step procedure to perform PVSA accurately, report data from patients who underwent post vasectomy se-men analysis between 2015 and 2021 experience, along with results from an international online survey on clinical practice. Materials and Methods:Materials and Methods: We present a detailed step-by-step protocol for performing and interpretating PVSA testing, along with recommendations for proficiency testing, competency assessment for performing PVSA, and clinical and laboratory sce-narios. Moreover, we conducted an analysis of 1,114 PVSA performed at the Cleveland Clinic’s Andrology Laboratory and an online survey to understand clinician responses to the PVSA results in various countries. Results:Results: Results from our clinical experience showed that 92.1% of patients passed PVSA, with 7.9% being further tested. A total of 78 experts from 19 countries participated in the survey, and the majority reported to use time from vasectomy rather than the number of ejaculations as criterion to request PVSA. A high percentage of responders reported permitting unpro-tected intercourse only if PVSA samples show azoospermia while, in the presence of few non-motile sperm, the majority of responders suggested using alternative contraception, followed by another PVSA. In the presence of motile sperm, the major-ity of participants asked for further PVSA testing. Repeat vasectomy was mainly recommended if motile sperm were observed after multiple PVSA’s. A large percentage reported to recommend a second PVSA due to the possibility of legal actions. Conclusions:Conclusions: Our results highlighted varying clinical practices around the globe, with controversy over the significance of non-motile sperm in the PVSA sample. Our data suggest that less stringent AUA guidelines would help improve test compli-ance. A large longitudinal multi-center study would clarify various doubts related to timing and interpretation of PVSA and would also help us to understand, and perhaps predict, recanalization and the potential for future failure of a vasectomy.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2287-4208Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2287-4690Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/7d0d569cd3af42cf8d8ceb6b4c515d71Test

المؤلفون: Rakesh Sharma, Sajal Gupta, Ashok Agarwal, Ralf Henkel, Renata Finelli, Neel Parekh, Ramadan Saleh, Mohamed Arafa, Edmund Ko, Armand Zini, Nicholas Tadros, Rupin Shah, Rafael F. Ambar, Haitham Elbardisi, Pallav Sengupta, Marlon Martinez, Florence Boitrelle, Mara Simopoulou, Paraskevi Vogiatzi, Jaime Gosalvez, Parviz Kavoussi, Hussein Kandil, Ayad Palani, Marcelo Rodriguez Peña, Osvaldo Rajmil, Gian Maria Busetto, Christina Anagnostopoulou, Sava Micic, Marco G. Alves, Lucia Rocco, Taymour Mostafa, Juan G. Alvarez, Sunil Jindal, Hassan N. Sallam, Israel Maldonado Rosas, Sheena E.M. Lewis, Sami AlSaid, Mesut Altan, Hyun Jun Park, Jonathan Ramsay, Sijo Parekattil, Marjan Sabbaghian, Kelton Tremellen, Kareim Khalafalla, Damayanthi Durairajanayagam, Giovanni M. Colpi

المصدر: The World Journal of Men's Health, Vol 40, Iss 2, Pp 191-207 (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: culture, endtz, infections, inflammation, leukocytes, spermatozoa, Medicine, Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, RC870-923

الوصف: The current WHO 2010 manual for human semen analysis defines leukocytospermia as the presence of peroxidase-positive leukocytes at a concentration >1×106/mL of semen. Granular leukocytes when activated are capable of generating high levels of reactive oxygen species in semen resulting in oxidative stress. Oxidative stress has been correlated with poor sperm quality, increased level of sperm DNA fragmentation and low fertility potential. The presence of leukocytes and pathogens in the semen may be a sign of infection and/or localized inflammatory response in the male genital tract and the accessory glands. Common uro-pathogens including Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma hominis, and Escherichia coli can cause epididymitis, epididymo-orchitis, or prostatitis. The relationship between leukocytospermia and infection is unclear. Therefore, we describe the pathogens responsible for male genital tract infections and their association with leukocytospermia. The review also examines the diagnostic tests available to identify seminal leukocytes. The role of leukocytospermia in male infertility and its management is also discussed.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2287-4208Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2287-4690Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/bee9a799991b413ab12c63bf9fc5cef2Test

المؤلفون: Ashok Agarwal, Renata Finelli, Damayanthi Durairajanayagam, Kristian Leisegang, Rakesh Sharma, Sajal Gupta, Neha Singh, Andrea Belo, Mahsa Darbandi, Sarah Madani, Simryn Covarrubias, Sara Darbandi, Raha Sadeghi, Camila Pompeu, Florence Boitrelle, Hussein Kandil, Ramadan Saleh, Mohamed Arafa, Paraskevi Vogiatzi, Israel Maldonado Rosas, Christina Anagnostopoulou, Annapoorani Chockalingam, Kelly Athayde Wirka, Hassan N. Sallam, Rupin Shah, Ralf Henkel

المصدر: The World Journal of Men's Health, Vol 39, Iss 4, Pp 804-817 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: andrology, distance education, semen analysis, surveys and questionnaires, Medicine, Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, RC870-923

الوصف: Purpose: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the American Center for Reproductive Medicine (ACRM) transitioned its annual training in assisted reproductive technology (ART) from a hands-on, laboratory-based training course to a fully online training endorsed by the American College of Embryology. Here we describe our experience and assess the quality of an online training format based on participant outcomes for the first three modules of a planned series of online ART training. Materials and Methods: These modules included manual semen analysis, sperm morphology and ancillary semen tests (testing for leukocytospermia, sperm vitality, and anti-sperm antibody screening). The virtual format consisted of lecture presentations featuring laboratory protocols with corresponding video demonstrations of routine techniques and best practices. Practical scenarios, troubleshooting, and clinical interpretation of laboratory results were also discussed. At the end of each module, an optional multiple choice question test was held as a prerequisite to obtain certification on the topics presented. Course quality was assessed using participant responses collected via online surveys. Results: The digital delivery methods used were found to have largely or completely met the participants’ expectations for all questions (>85%). The majority (>87%) of the participants either strongly agreed or agreed that the course content was well-structured with appropriate depth, and that their overall expectations of the course had been met. Conclusions: This training format appears to be a realistic teaching option to freely share highly specialized expertise and technical knowledge with participants from anywhere in the world with varying levels of competency or experience.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2287-4208Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2287-4690Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/c7b1cf2b07d34a12a9519ee109680948Test

المؤلفون: Ashok Agarwal, Renata Finelli, Manesh Kumar Panner Selvam, Kristian Leisegang, Ahmad Majzoub, Nicholas Tadros, Edmund Ko, Neel Parekh, Ralf Henkel, Damayanthi Durairajanayagam, Giovanni M. Colpi, Chak-Lam Cho, Hassan N. Sallam, Hyun Jun Park, Ramadan Saleh, Sava Micic, Rafael F. Ambar, Armand Zini, Kelton Tremellen, Juan G. Alvarez, Ayad Palani, Mohamed Arafa, Marcello M. Gava, Sunil Jindal, Edouard Amar, Zsolt Kopa, Mohammad-Reza Moein, Gian Maria Busetto, Pallav Sengupta, Parviz Kavoussi, Israel Maldonado, Jamal Fikri, Edson Borges Jr., Marlon Martinez, Djordje Bojovic, Osvaldo Rajmil, Kaan Aydos, Sijo Parekattil, Joel L. Marmar, Omar Sefrioui, Andreas Jungwirth, Marcelo Gabriel Rodriguez Peña, Emerson B. Cordts, Haitham Elbardisi, Taymour Mostafa, Marjan Sabbaghian, Mohammad Ali Sadighi Gilani, Yoshiharu Morimoto, Marco G. Alves, Aleksandra Spasic, Uros Kenic, Jonathan Ramsay, Ebenezer Oluwole Akande, Amina Oumeziane, Dmitri Dozortsev, Eric Chung, Ernestine Gwet Bell, Adolfo Allegra, Vasilios Tanos, Moïse Fiadjoe, Timur Gurgan, Michel Abou-Abdallah, Hazem Al-Rumaih, Ivana Oborna, Hesham Arab, Sandro Esteves, Medhat Amer, Ates Kadioglu, Oleksandr Yuzko, Vladislav Korsak, Rupin Shah

المصدر: The World Journal of Men's Health, Vol 39, Iss 3, Pp 470-488 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: antioxidants, male infertility, oxidative stress, reproduction, physicians, survey, Medicine, Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, RC870-923

الوصف: Purpose: The use of antioxidants is common practice in the management of infertile patients. However, there are no estab-lished guidelines by professional societies on antioxidant use for male infertility. Materials and Materials and Methods:Methods: Using an online survey, this study aimed to evaluate the practice pattern of reproductive specialists to determine the clinical utility of oxidative stress (OS) testing and antioxidant prescriptions to treat male infertility. Results:Results: Responses from 1,327 participants representing 6 continents, showed the largest participant representation being from Asia (46.8%). The majority of participants were attending physicians (59.6%), with 61.3% having more than 10 years of experience in the field of male infertility. Approximately two-thirds of clinicians (65.7%) participated in this survey did not order any diagnostic tests for OS. Sperm DNA fragmentation was the most common infertility test beyond a semen analysis that was prescribed to study oxidative stress-related dysfunctions (53.4%). OS was mainly tested in the presence of lifestyle risk factors (24.6%) or sperm abnormalities (16.3%). Interestingly, antioxidants were prescribed by 85.6% of clinicians, for a duration of 3 (43.7%) or 3?? months (38.6%). A large variety of antioxidants and dietary supplements were prescribed, and scientific evidence were mostly considered to be modest to support their clinical use. Results were not influenced by the physician?셲 age, geographic origin, experience or training in male infertility. Conclusions:Conclusions: This study is the largest online survey performed to date on this topic and demonstrates 1) a worldwide under-standing of the importance of this therapeutic option, and 2) a widely prevalent use of antioxidants to treat male infertility. Finally, the necessity of evidence-based clinical practice guidelines from professional societies is highlighted.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2287-4208Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2287-4690Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/59c1efafe6be4b55a93c7dd1249223f0Test

المؤلفون: Mohamed Fadel Shaltout, Hassan N. Sallam, Maged AbouSeeda, Fady Moiety, Hossam Hemeda, Ahmed Ibrahim, Moutaz E.L. Sherbini, Helmy Rady, Kusuma Gopala, Rodrigo DeAntonio

المصدر: International Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol 29, Iss C, Pp 226-231 (2014)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Human papillomavirus, Egypt, Epidemiology, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216

الوصف: Objectives: Persistent infection with high-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with premalignant lesions and cervical cancer, the third most common cancer amongst women globally and the second most frequent in Egypt. We studied the prevalence and type distribution of HPV and documented HPV infection awareness and health-related behaviours for HPV infection. Methods: This was a multicenter, hospital-based observational study of women ≥18 years of age who attended for a gynaecological examination during October 2010–August 2011. Cervical samples were tested using Linear Array HPV genotyping. Two questionnaires on awareness and health-related behaviour were completed. Results: Four hundred and forty-three women with a mean age of 39.3 ± 14.0 years were included in the analysis. HPV DNA was detected in 10.4% of women; a single HPV-type infection was found in 6.5% and multiple infections in 3.8%. The most prevalent HR types among HPV-positive women were HPV-16 (19.6%) and HPV-31 and HPV-51 (15.2% each); low-risk types included HPV-62 (17.4%) and HPV-84 (10.9%). The prevalence of HPV-18 was low (6.5%). The prevalence of any HR HPV-type was highest in women aged 45–54 years (9.2%). Conclusions: The overall prevalence of HPV in Egypt was 10.4% and was highest (9.2%) amongst women aged 45–54 years. These data provide important reference information for public health authorities considering HPV prevention in Egypt.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971214016609Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1201-9712Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1878-3511Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/2c34ca782d79410d819b151a3574ea56Test

المؤلفون: Hassan N. Sallam, Nooman H. Sallam

المصدر: Management of Infertility ISBN: 9780323899079

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::13bb80c174bdad4633315184c09a6e56Test
https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-89907-9.00005-3Test

المؤلفون: Ashok Agarwal, Gulzhanat Aimagambetova, Ibrahim Alkatout, M. Al Naqbi, Luis Alonso Pacheco, Nicola Arrighi, Domenico Baldini, Giorgio Maria Baldini, Helena Ban Frangež, Federica Barbagallo, Caio Parente Barbosa, Erlisa Bardhi, Amy Barrie, Murat Basar, Gizem Bektas, Chiara Benedetto, Bianca Bianco, Luca Boeri, Giovanni Buzzaccarini, Aldo E. Calogero, Alison Campbell, Rossella Cannarella, Domenico Carone, Andrea Roberto Carosso, Jose Carugno, Donatella Caserta, Sandrine Chamayou, Michael Chapman, Stephanie Cheung, Denise Maria Christofolini, Laura Cimino, Isabella Cobuzzi, Michele Compagnone, Rosita A. Condorelli, Anna Consoli, Andrea Coscia, Mauro Cozzolino, Andrea Crafa, Angela Cuccarollo, Konstantinos Dafopoulos, Rhianna Davies, Rossana Di Paola, Panagiotis Drakopoulos, Maria Jose España De Marco, Bernadette Evangelisti, Ala'a Farkouh, Federico Ferrari, Filippo Alberto Ferrari, Necati Findikli, Carlo Foresta, Damaris Freytag, Andrea Garolla, Simone Garzon, Ghina Ghazeeri, Veronika Günther, Timur Gurgan, Alayman Hussein, Pieraldo Inaudi, Nina Jančar, Channa N. Jayasena, Juan Manuel Jiménez Tuñón, Derek Keating, Olena M. Kocur, Vilmante Kodyte, Dalal Kojok, William Kutteh, Antonio Simone Laganà, Stella Lancuba, Sandro La Vignera, Ahmad Majzoub, Roberto Marci, Aine McNally, Noemi Lucia Mercaldo, Mariana Miguens, Suks Minhas, Helene Mitchell, Laura M. Mongioì, Laura Nieto Pascual, Wendy Norton, Franco Odicino, Engin Oral, Pinar Ozcan, Gianpiero D. Palermo, Stefano Palomba, Michail Papapanou, Sergio Papier, Livia Pellegrini, Stamatios Petousis, Edoardo Pozzi, Nikolaos Prapas, Martina Ratti, Alberto Revelli, Zev Rosenwaks, Alessandro Ruffa, Claudia Saganuma, Hassan N. Sallam, Nooman H. Sallam, Andrea Salonia, Fernando Sánchez Martín, Pascual Sánchez Martín, Enrico Sartori, Benedetta Scarselli, Omar Sefrioui, Charalampos Siristatidis, Rachel Smith, Ilaria Soave, Michele Tanada, Basil C. Tarlatzis, Milan Terzic, Marta Tesone, Marcos Sean Thomson, Bulut Varli, Amerigo Vitagliano, Antoine Watrelot, Philip Xie, Ivan Henrique Yoshida

المصدر: Management of Infertility ISBN: 9780323899079

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::986637eb9e892a35a69ca668354a896dTest
https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-89907-9.01002-4Test

المؤلفون: Simryn Covarrubias, Mohamed Arafa, Ralf Henkel, Renata Finelli, Kelly Athayde Wirka, Paraskevi Vogiatzi, Florence Boitrelle, Kristian Leisegang, Israel Maldonado Rosas, Sara Darbandi, Sajal Gupta, Ramadan A Saleh, Annapoorani Chockalingam, Raha Sadeghi, Sarah Madani, Rupin Shah, Christina Anagnostopoulou, Hussein Kandil, Andrea Belo, Ashok Agarwal, Hassan N. Sallam, Damayanthi Durairajanayagam, Mahsa Darbandi, Camila Pompeu, Neha Singh, Rakesh Sharma

المساهمون: Cleveland Clinic, Universiti Teknologi MARA [Shah Alam] (UiTM ), University of the Western Cape, NOVA IVF, Hope Generation Foundation, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene [Alger] (USTHB), University of San Francisco (USF), Instituto Ideia Fèrtil, CHI Poissy-Saint-Germain, Biologie de la Reproduction, Environnement, Epigénétique & Développement (BREED), Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Sohag University, Alexandria University [Alexandrie], Imperial College London

المصدر: The World Journal of Men's Health, Vol 39, Iss 4, Pp 804-817 (2021)
The World Journal of Men's Health
The World Journal of Men's Health, 2021, 39, ⟨10.5534/WJMH.210075⟩

مصطلحات موضوعية: Aging, Urology, media_common.quotation_subject, medicine.medical_treatment, Best practice, education, 030232 urology & nephrology, andrology, Certification, Troubleshooting, semen analysis, Education, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Education, distance, medicine, Web application, Pharmacology (medical), Quality (business), distance, media_common, Multiple choice, Medical education, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, Assisted reproductive technology, business.industry, 4. Education, Health Policy, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Male Reproductive Health and Infertility, [SDV.BDLR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology, Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, 3. Good health, Test (assessment), Psychiatry and Mental health, Reproductive Medicine, distance education, surveys and questionnaires, Medicine, Original Article, RC870-923, business

الوصف: International audience; Purpose: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the American Center for Reproductive Medicine (ACRM) transitioned its annual training in assisted reproductive technology (ART) from a hands-on, laboratory-based training course to a fully online training endorsed by the American College of Embryology. Here we describe our experience and assess the quality of an online training format based on participant outcomes for the first three modules of a planned series of online ART training.Materials and methods: These modules included manual semen analysis, sperm morphology and ancillary semen tests (testing for leukocytospermia, sperm vitality, and anti-sperm antibody screening). The virtual format consisted of lecture presentations featuring laboratory protocols with corresponding video demonstrations of routine techniques and best practices. Practical scenarios, troubleshooting, and clinical interpretation of laboratory results were also discussed. At the end of each module, an optional multiple choice question test was held as a prerequisite to obtain certification on the topics presented. Course quality was assessed using participant responses collected via online surveys.Results: The digital delivery methods used were found to have largely or completely met the participants' expectations for all questions (>85%). The majority (>87%) of the participants either strongly agreed or agreed that the course content was well-structured with appropriate depth, and that their overall expectations of the course had been met.Conclusions: This training format appears to be a realistic teaching option to freely share highly specialized expertise and technical knowledge with participants from anywhere in the world with varying levels of competency or experience.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::a1987ea2bb614228d3e8b778fd476905Test
https://doaj.org/article/c7b1cf2b07d34a12a9519ee109680948Test

المؤلفون: Ahmed F. Galal, Hassan N. Sallam, Fady S. Moeity

المصدر: Assisted Reproduction Techniques

مصطلحات موضوعية: Andrology, Catheter, medicine.anatomical_structure, business.industry, Medicine, Embryo, Uterine cavity, business, Cervical mucus, Cervical canal, Embryo transfer

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::30c860cd65b1b2ced66597f5d05e882aTest
https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119622215.ch66Test

المؤلفون: Christina ANAGNOSTOPOULOU, Israel MALDONADO ROSAS, Nivita GUGNANI, Dimple DESAI, Madhumita MANOHARAN, Neha SINGH, Sofia I. LEONARDI DIAZ, Keerti SINGH, Kelly A. WIRKA, Sajal GUPTA, Sara DARBANDI, Annapoorani CHOCKALINGAM, Mahsa DARBANDI, Florence BOITRELLE, Renata FINELLI, Hassan N. SALLAM, Ashok AGARWAL

المصدر: Panminerva Medica. 64

مصطلحات موضوعية: Embryo Culture Techniques, Blastocyst, Reproductive Techniques, Assisted, Humans, General Medicine, Embryo Transfer, Culture Media

الوصف: The assisted reproductive technology (ART) laboratory is a complex system designed to sustain the fertilization, survival, and culture of the preimplantation embryo to the blastocyst stage. ART outcomes depend on numerous factors, among which are the equipment, supplies and culture media used. The number and type of incubators also may affect ART results. While large incubators may be more suitable for media equilibration, bench-top incubators may provide better embryo culture conditions in separate or smaller chambers and may be coupled with time-lapse systems that allow continuous embryo monitoring. Microscopes are essential for observation, assessment, and micromanipulation. Workstations provide a controlled environment for gamete and embryo handling and their quantity should be adjusted according to the number of ART cycles treated in order to provide a steady and efficient workflow. Continuous maintenance, quality control and monitoring of equipment are essential and quality control devices such as the thermometer, and pH-meter are necessary to maintain optimal culture conditions. Tracking, appropriate delivery and storage conditions, and quality control of all consumables are recommended so that adequate quantity and quality are available for use. Embryo culture media have evolved: preimplantation embryos are cultured either by sequential media or single-step media that can be used for interrupted or uninterrupted culture. There is currently no sufficient evidence that any individual commercially-available culture system is better than others in terms of embryo viability. In this review, we aim to analyze the various parameters that should be taken into account when choosing the essential equipment, consumables and culture media systems that will create optimal culture conditions and provide the most effective patient treatment.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::89cae981090920ba12be719cd061a42dTest
https://doi.org/10.23736/s0031-0808.22.04671-7Test