المؤلفون: Daniele Santi, Valentina Debbi, Francesco Costantino, Giorgia Spaggiari, Manuela Simoni, Carla Greco, Livio Casarini

المصدر: Clocks & Sleep, Vol 5, Iss 4, Pp 770-792 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: microbiome, probiotics, sleep disorders, sleep quality, gut microbiota, Medicine

الوصف: The gut microbiota (GM) plays a crucial role in human health. The bidirectional interaction between GM and the central nervous system may occur via the microbiota–gut–brain axis, possibly regulating the sleep/wake cycle. Recent reports highlight associations between intestinal dysbiosis and sleep disorders, suggesting that probiotics could ameliorate this condition. However, data are poor and inconsistent. The aim of this quantitative metanalytic study is to assess the GM composition in sleep disturbances and evaluate probiotics’ effectiveness for managing sleep disorders. A systematic review was carried out until July 2022 in online databases, limiting the literature research to human studies and English language articles. No significant GM diversity between patients with sleep disturbances versus healthy controls was found, revealed by α-diversity, while β-diversity is missing due to lack of proper reporting. However, probiotics supplementation significantly reduced the self-assessed parameter of sleep quality and disturbances Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score compared with the placebo. No difference in the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score was found. While available data suggest that GM diversity is not related to sleep disturbances, probiotics administration strongly improves sleep quality as a subjective perception. However, heterogeneity of data reporting in the scientific literature should be considered as a limitation.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.mdpi.com/2624-5175/5/4/50Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2624-5175Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/6b82ef67e41e4e4da084d5b9f114c2f8Test

المؤلفون: Daniele Santi, Giorgia Spaggiari, Leonardo Dalla Valentina, Marilina Romeo, Federico Nuzzo, Lorenzo Serlenga, Laura Roli, Maria Cristina De Santis, Tommaso Trenti, Antonio R. M. Granata, Manuela Simoni

المصدر: Cells, Vol 12, Iss 18, p 2236 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: male idiopathic infertility, FSH, sperm concentration, responders, total motile sperm number, Cytology, QH573-671

الوصف: Testis stimulation with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is one of the empirical treatments proposed for male idiopathic infertility, although reliable markers to predict its efficacy are still lacking. This study aimed to identify parameters able to predict FSH efficacy in terms of pregnancy achievement. A real-world study was conducted, enrolling idiopathic infertile men treated with FSH 150IU three times weekly. Patients were treated until pregnancy achievement or for a maximum of two years and two visits were considered: V0 (baseline) and V1 (end of FSH treatment). Primary endpoints were the V1-V0 percentage change in sperm concentration, total sperm count, and total motile sperm number. In total, 48 pregnancies were recorded (27.7%) among 173 men (age 37.9 ± 6.2 years). All three endpoints increased after FSH administration, and only the V1-V0 percentage of sperm concentration significantly predicted pregnancy (p = 0.007). A V1-V0 sperm concentration of 30.8% predicted pregnancy, and the sperm concentration V1-V0 percentage (Y) required to obtain a pregnancy was predicted according to its baseline values (x): Y = 9.8433x2 − 203.67x + 958.29. A higher number of pregnancies was reached in men with baseline sperm concentration below 7.3 million/mL. Thus, the percentage of sperm concentration increasing after FSH administration could predict the treatment efficacy in terms of pregnancy. At the dosage used, the efficacy was significantly higher in patients with a starting sperm concentration < 7.3 mill/mL. Mathematical analyses identified a function able to predict the sperm concentration increase required to obtain a pregnancy in relation to the baseline sperm number.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/18/2236Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4409Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/1132b3960ca547d8899f51c56f810877Test

المؤلفون: Giulia Brigante, Giorgia Spaggiari, Barbara Rossi, Antonio Granata, Manuela Simoni, Daniele Santi

المصدر: Scientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Medicine, Science

الوصف: Abstract Trying to manage the dramatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection spread, many countries imposed national lockdown, radically changing the routinely life of humans worldwide. We hypothesized that both the pandemic per se and the consequent socio-psychological sequelae could constitute stressors for Italian population, potentially affecting the endocrine system. This study was designed to describe the effect of lockdown-related stress on the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis in a cohort of young men. A prospective, observational clinical trial was carried out, including patients attending the male infertility outpatient clinic before and after the national lockdown for COVID-19 pandemic. The study provided a baseline visit performed before and a follow-up visit after the lockdown in 2020. During the follow-up visit, hormonal measurements, lifestyle habits and work management were recorded. Thirty-one male subjects were enrolled (mean age: 31.6 ± 6.0 years). TSH significantly decreased after lockdown (p = 0.015), whereas no significant changes were observed in the testosterone, luteinising hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, estradiol and prolactin serum levels. No patient showed TSH serum levels above or below reference ranges, neither before nor after lockdown. Interestingly, TSH variation after lockdown was dependent on the working habit change during lockdown (p = 0.042). We described for the first time a TSH reduction after a stressful event in a prospective way, evaluating the HPT axis in the same population, before and after the national lockdown. This result reinforces the possible interconnection between psychological consequences of a stressful event and the endocrine regulation.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/0a8174b496cb4a8cb1d188f251bbf3d8Test

المؤلفون: Simone Pederzoli, Giorgia Spaggiari, Giuditta Bernardelli, Francesco Mattioli, Cinzia Baldessari, Antonino Maiorana, Vincenzo Rochira, Daniele Santi

المصدر: Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Case Reports, Vol 1, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, RC648-665

الوصف: We present the case of a 69-year-old woman who attended the Endocrinology Unit of Modena for a suspicious lymph node in the left cervical compartment discovered during the follow-up of a recurrent gynecological malignancy. At neck ultrasonography, a thyroid goiter was detected, and the further cytological examination was inconclusive for thyroid nodule and compatible with a localization of an adenocarcinoma with papillary architecture for the lymph node. The histological examination after a left neck dissection confirmed the presence of an intracapsular metastasis of a papillary carcinoma immunohistochemically focally positive for thyroid transcription factor 1 and paired box 8 and negative for thyroglobulin. Subsequently, in the suspicion of a thyroid primitiveness, a total thyroidectomy was performed, revealing an intraparenchymal follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma of 2 mm in the right lobe. During the follow-up, the appearance of a suspected cervical metastatic lesion led to another neck dissection, histologically compatible with a papillary carcinoma localization, immunohistochemically focally positive for thyroid transcription factor 1 and paired box 8, and negative for thyroglobulin. The histological revision of surgical specimens suggests the cervical recurrence of the prior gynecological cancer, rather than a thyroid carcinoma metastasis. The case described shows how carefully the cytological, histological and immunoistochemical results must be evaluated in oncological management, considering the whole patient’s history.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://edm.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/edm/2021/1/EDM20-0055.xmlTest; https://doaj.org/toc/2052-0573Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/1c64c2820e0c4ed1bd504939a2ae531eTest

المؤلفون: Giorgia Spaggiari, Antonio R M Granata, Daniele Santi

المصدر: Asian Journal of Andrology, Vol 22, Iss 3, Pp 302-308 (2020)

مصطلحات موضوعية: male hypogonadism, male infertility, testicular diseases, testis, Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, RC870-923

الوصف: Testicular volume (TV) is proposed to be a positive predictor of male fertility status, because of the relation known between the TV and the seminiferous tubule content. Independently of the measurement methodology, the role of TV and testicular ultrasound (US) assessments is still debated in andrological clinical practice. In this retrospective cohort study, we evaluated TV and testis US role in the diagnostic workup of andrological patients. All consecutive outpatients undergoing single-operator testis US (Modena, Italy) from March 2012 to March 2018 were enrolled, matching sonographic, hormonal, and seminal data. A total of 302 men were referred and evaluated for gynecomastia, suspected hypogonadism, couple infertility (CI), or sexual dysfunction. In the hypogonadal group, TV was lower compared to that in other groups (P < 0.001), and a significant, direct correlation between TV and testosterone level was observed in nonandrogen-treated patients (R = 0.911, P < 0.001), suggesting that testicular size could be related to the testosterone-secreting compartment. In the CI group, normozoospermic patients showed higher TV compared to men with impaired semen quality (P = 0.003) and azoospermia (P = 0.003). However, TV was not able to discriminate between patients presenting normal and altered semen quality. On the contrary, testis US inhomogeneity was more frequent in patients with impaired sperm quality (55.0%; P = 0.007) and azoospermia (40.0%; P = 0.012), compared to patients with normozoospermia (5%), identifying thereby the sonographic pattern as an informative parameter of the fertility status. Therefore, in the CI workup, US evaluation seems to be more informative than the TV assessment alone.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://www.ajandrology.com/article.asp?issn=1008-682X;year=2020;volume=22;issue=3;spage=302;epage=308;aulastTest=; https://doaj.org/toc/1008-682XTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1745-7262Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/d790da84b3204fbc8df019e32eac1215Test

المؤلفون: Monica Lispi, Panagiotis Drakopoulos, Giorgia Spaggiari, Francesca Caprio, Nicola Colacurci, Manuela Simoni, Daniele Santi

المصدر: Biomedicines, Vol 10, Iss 10, p 2599 (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: FSH, sperm DNA fragmentation index, idiopathic male infertility, testosterone, Biology (General), QH301-705.5

الوصف: Purpose: Although a robust physiological rationale supports follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) use in male idiopathic infertility, useful biomarkers to evaluate its efficacy are not available. Thus, the primary aim of the study was to evaluate if testosterone serum levels are related to sperm DNA fragmentation (sDF) index change after FSH administration. The secondary aim was to confirm sDF index validity as a biomarker of FSH administration effectiveness in male idiopathic infertility. Methods: A retrospective, post-hoc re-analysis was performed on prospectively collected raw data of clinical trials in which idiopathic infertile men were treated with FSH and both testosterone serum levels and sDF were reported. Results: Three trials were included, accounting for 251 patients. The comprehensive analysis confirmed FSH’s beneficial effect on spermatogenesis detected in each trial. Indeed, an overall significant sDF decrease (p < 0.001) of 20.2% of baseline value was detected. Although sDF resulted to be unrelated to testosterone serum levels at baseline, a significant correlation was highlighted after three months of FSH treatment (p = 0.002). Moreover, testosterone serum levels and patients’ age significantly correlated with sDF (p = 0.006). Dividing the cohort into responders/not responders to FSH treatment according to sDF change, the FSH effectiveness in terms of sDF improvement was related to testosterone and male age (p = 0.003). Conclusion: Exogenous FSH administration in male idiopathic infertility is efficient in reducing sDF basal levels by about 20%. In terms of sDF reduction, 59.2% of the patients treated were FSH-responders. After three months of FSH administration, a significant inverse correlation between sDF and testosterone was detected, suggesting an association between the FSH-administration-related sDF improvement and testosterone serum levels increase. These observations lead to the hypothesis that FSH may promote communications or interactions between Sertoli cells and Leydig cells.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/10/2599Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2227-9059Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/8e6e8433170b4df39f5d8193d5c3bd9aTest

المؤلفون: Giorgia Spaggiari, Angelo Cignarelli, Andrea Sansone, Matteo Baldi, Daniele Santi

المصدر: PLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss 6, p e0233619 (2020)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Medicine, Science

الوصف: A moderate alcohol consumption is demonstrated to exert a protective action in terms of cardiovascular risk. Although this property seems not to be beverage-specific, the various composition of alcoholic compounds could mediate peculiar effects in vivo. The aim of this study was to evaluate potential beer-mediated effects on the cardiovascular health in humans, using a meta-analytic approach (trial registration number: CRD42018118387). The literature search, comprising all English articles published until November, 30th 2019 in EMBASE, PubMed and Cochrane database included all controlled clinical trials evaluating the cardiovascular effects of beer assumption compared to alcohol-free beer, water, abstinence or placebo. Both sexes and all beer preparations were considered eligible. Outcome parameters were those entering in the cardiovascular risk charts and those related to endothelial dysfunction. Twenty-six trials were included in the analysis. Total cholesterol was significantly higher in beer drinkers compared to controls (14 studies, 3.52 mg/dL, 1.71-5.32 mg/dL). Similar increased levels were observed in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (18 studies, 3.63 mg/dL, 2.00-5.26 mg/dL) and in apolipoprotein A1 (5 studies, 0.16 mg/dL, 0.11-0.21 mg/dL), while no differences were detected in low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (12 studies, -2.85 mg/dL, -5.96-0.26 mg/dL) and triglycerides (14 studies, 0.40 mg/dL, -5.00-5.80 mg/dL) levels. Flow mediated dilation (FMD) resulted significantly higher in beer-consumers compared to controls (4 studies, 0.65%, 0.07-1.23%), while blood pressure and other biochemical markers of inflammation did not differ. In conclusion, the specific beer effect on human cardiovascular health was meta-analysed for the first time, highlighting an improvement of the vascular elasticity, detected by the increase of FMD (after acute intake), and of the lipid profile with a significant increase of HDL and apolipoprotein A1 serum levels. Although the long-term effects of beer consumption are not still understood, a beneficial effect of beer on endothelial function should be supposed.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/775895fd2f1b48648e9f9354252d4c15Test

المؤلفون: Daniele Santi, Giorgia Spaggiari, Antonio R. M. Granata, Monica Setti, Simonetta Tagliavini, Tommaso Trenti, Manuela Simoni

المصدر: Frontiers in Endocrinology, Vol 10 (2020)

مصطلحات موضوعية: luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, testosterone, seasonal variation, daylight cycle, Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, RC648-665

الوصف: Environmental rhythmicity is able to affect the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in several animals to achieve reproductive advantages. However, conflicting results were obtained when assessing the environmental-dependent rhythmicity on reproductive hormone secretion in humans. This study was designed to evaluate seasonal fluctuations of the main hormones involved in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in men, using a big data approach. An observational, retrospective, big data trial was carried out, including all testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) measurements performed in a single laboratory between January 2010 and January 2019 using Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immunoassay. Subjects presenting any factor interfering with the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis were excluded. The trend and seasonal distributions were analyzed using autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models. A total of 12,033 data, accounting for 7,491 men (mean age 47.46 ± 13.51 years, range 18–91 years) were included. Testosterone serum levels (mean 5.34 ± 2.06 ng/dL, range 1.70–15.80 ng/dL) showed a seasonal distribution with higher levels in summer and a direct correlation to environmental temperatures and daylight duration. LH levels (mean 4.64 ± 2.54 IU/L, range 1.00–15.00 IU/L) presented 2 peaks of secretion in autumn and spring, independently from environmental parameters. FSH levels (mean 5.51 ± 3.24 IU/L) did not show any seasonal distribution. A clear seasonal fluctuation of both LH and testosterone was demonstrated in a large cohort of adult men, although a circannual seasonality of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal hormones in humans could be not strictly evolutionarily required. Testosterone seasonality seems independent from LH fluctuations, which could be regulated by cyclic central genes expression, and more sensible to environmental temperatures and daylight duration.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fendo.2019.00914/fullTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1664-2392Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/5f496a2bc35b4ff898967391662112d4Test

المؤلفون: Daniele Santi, Giorgia Spaggiari, Walter Vena, Alessandro Pizzocaro, Mario Maggi, Vincenzo Rochira, Giovanni Corona

المصدر: Cells, Vol 10, Iss 8, p 2067 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: testosterone, HIV, body composition, androgen replacement treatment, hypogonadism, Cytology, QH573-671

الوصف: Background: Hypogonadism is a common comorbidity in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected men, although the real prevalence is difficult to be estimated. Moreover, in HIV settings, the efficacy of exogenous testosterone (Te) administration at improving body composition remains unclear. Aim of the study: This review has a double aim. First, to estimate the prevalence of pituitary–testis axis abnormality in HIV-infected patients compared to uninfected subjects. Second, to evaluate the effect of androgen administration on body composition in HIV-infected men. Materials and Methods: A systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis was carried out. Two separated literature searches were performed, the first to evaluate the prevalence of Te deficiency in HIV-infected men and the second one to evaluate effects of androgen administration on body composition. Results: The overall prevalence of Te deficiency in HIV-infected men was calculated from 41 studies, showing a 26% prevalence, which was even higher when free T (fT) levels, more than total T, were considered. Indeed, TT serum levels were similar between HIV patients and controls, although higher SHBG and lower fT were detected in HIV populations. When HIV-infected men were treated with exogenous Te, a significant increase in body weight, lean body mass and fat free mass was detected. Conclusion: The systematic review confirms the high prevalence of Te deficiency in HIV-infected men, particularly when fT has been considered. Moreover, chronic androgen supplementation improves body composition, affecting the lean mass compartment. However, considering the general frailty of HIV patients, a tailored indication for Te therapy should be advocated.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/8/2067Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4409Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/f7c872abd4944430a8b769bebfdddc50Test

المؤلفون: Daniele Santi, Giorgia Spaggiari, Carla Greco, Clara Lazzaretti, Elia Paradiso, Livio Casarini, Francesco Potì, Giulia Brigante, Manuela Simoni

المصدر: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 5, p 2584 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: endothelium, endothelial dysfunction, male fertility, female fertility, reproduction, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Chemistry, QD1-999

الوصف: Endothelial dysfunction is an early event in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and represents the first step in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. The evaluation of endothelial health is fundamental in clinical practice and several direct and indirect markers have been suggested so far to identify any alterations in endothelial homeostasis. Alongside the known endothelial role on vascular health, several pieces of evidence have demonstrated that proper endothelial functioning plays a key role in human fertility and reproduction. Therefore, this state-of-the-art review updates the endothelial health markers discriminating between those available for clinical practice or for research purposes and their application in human fertility. Moreover, new molecules potentially helpful to clarify the link between endothelial and reproductive health are evaluated herein.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/5/2584Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/90cffca7571b43b99924ecb2a769dbe6Test