المؤلفون: Angelique Boering, Annabeth P. Groenman, Levi van Dam, Geertjan Overbeek

المصدر: Health & Justice, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Youth-initiated mentoring, Informal mentoring, Juvenile delinquency, Selective prevention, Resilience, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, Social pathology. Social and public welfare. Criminology, HV1-9960

الوصف: Abstract Background The societal costs associated with juvenile delinquency and reoffending are high, emphasising the need for effective prevention strategies. A promising approach is Youth-Initiated Mentoring (YIM). In YIM, professionals support youths in selecting a non-parental adult from within their social network as their mentor. However, until now, little (quasi-)experimental research has been conducted on YIM in the field of juvenile delinquency. We will examine the effectiveness, working mechanisms, and implementation of YIM as a selective prevention strategy for juvenile delinquents. Methods This multiple-methods study consists of a quasi-experimental trial and a qualitative study. In the quasi-experimental trial, we aim to include 300 juvenile offenders referred to Halt, a Dutch juvenile justice system organisation which offers youths a diversion program. In the Netherlands, all juvenile offenders between 12 and 18 years old are referred to Halt, where they must complete the Halt intervention. Youths will be non-randomly assigned to region-matched non-YIM-trained and YIM-trained Halt professionals implementing Care as Usual (CAU, i.e., the Halt intervention) or CAU plus YIM, respectively. Despite non-random allocation, this approach may yield comparable conditions regarding (1) the characteristics of professionals delivering the intervention and (2) case type and severity. Youth and caregiver(s) self-report data will be collected at pre-and post-test and a 6-month follow-up and complemented with official Halt records data. Multilevel analyses will test whether youths following CAU plus YIM show a stronger increase in resilience factors and a stronger decline in the need for formal support and delinquency than youths following CAU. In the qualitative study, we will organise focus group interviews with YIM-trained professionals to explore boosters and barriers experienced by professionals during the implementation of YIM. Discussion The proposed study will help identify the effectiveness of YIM in strengthening resilience factors and possibly decreasing juvenile delinquency. In addition, it may offer insights into how and for whom YIM works. Finally, this study can help strengthen the implementation of YIM in the future. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.Gov (# NCT05555472). Registered 7 September 2022. https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05555472?cond=Youth+Initiated+Mentoring&draw=2&rank=1Test .

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2194-7899Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/33753667f7554d3fae5431dac9d704e6Test

المؤلفون: Fenneke L. M. Verberg, Petra Helmond, Geertjan Overbeek

المصدر: BMC Psychiatry, Vol 18, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2018)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Intellectual disabilities, Mindset, Implicit theories, Empowerment, Online intervention, Adolescents, Psychiatry, RC435-571

الوصف: Abstract Background Adolescents with intellectual disabilities have an increased risk of developing academic, social, and psychological problems compared with non-disabled peers. These difficulties might have an impact on the implicit theories—or so called mindset—of these youth. Youth with a fixed mindset believe that their attributes are static while youth with a growth mindset believe their attributes are malleable. A growth mindset can positively affect the academic and psychosocial development of youth and can be stimulated by so called ‘mindset interventions’. Nevertheless, mindset interventions specifically adapted to adolescents with intellectual disabilities are non-existing. Methods/design The aim of the present study is to conduct a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to test the effectiveness of the online mindset intervention “The Growth Factory” aimed to teach adolescents with intellectual disabilities a growth mindset and thereby positively impacting their psychosocial development. The RCT targets adolescents (12–23 years) with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities (IQ 50–85) admitted to residential care or special education. Participants will be individually randomized to the intervention (n = 60) or control (n = 60) group. The intervention group will individually participate in the six sessions of “The Growth Factory” and the control group will receive care as usual. Primary outcome will be mindset. Empowerment, behavior problems, self-esteem, treatment motivation, therapeutic alliance, challenge seeking, and the impact of social exclusion will be included as secondary outcome measures. Moreover, moderation (i.e., intervention satisfaction, IQ, age, baseline mindset, gender) and mediation effects will be investigated. Self-reported and mentor assessments will be administrated at baseline, post-test and at three (except mentor assessment) and six months follow-up. Discussion This paper describes the design of a RCT examining the effectiveness of the online mindset intervention “The Growth Factory” aimed to empower adolescents with intellectual disabilities. If effective, “The Growth Factory” makes an important contribution to the treatment and psychosocial development of adolescents with intellectual disabilities in residential care and special education. Due to the online approach, implementation will be efficient and cost-effective and therefore the intervention “The Growth Factory” can be used on large scale. Trial registration Dutch Trial Register NTR5460. Registered 2 October 2015.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12888-018-1939-9Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1471-244XTest

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/ac5104c61ba4404a8414199a146e6324Test

المؤلفون: Anne M. E. Bijlsma, Claudia E. van der Put, Geertjan Overbeek, Geert Jan J. M. Stams, Mark Assink

المصدر: Social Sciences, Vol 10, Iss 6, p 205 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: child protection, RNR-model, responsivity, caregiver characteristics, Social Sciences

الوصف: Personalization is an important strategy for enhancing the effectiveness of treatment that is aimed at reducing the risk of child maltreatment. In recent years, a growing body of research has appeared on how child protection can benefit from the principles of the Risk-Need-Responsivity model, but no attention has yet been paid to the implementation of the responsivity principle in child protection. Put simply, this principle states that treatment must be tailored to individual characteristics of clients to optimize its effectiveness. This study was the first to address how the responsivity principle can be of value in child protection. First, a systematic review of responsivity factors in forensic care was performed. Second, the relevance of applying each factor in child protection was examined through interviews with clinical professionals working in the field, who also provided suggestions on how treatment can be tailored to each of these factors. This resulted in an overview of seven responsivity factors all related to caregiver characteristics: problem denial, motivation to cooperate with treatment, psychological problems, cognitive abilities, cultural background, practical barriers such as financial problems and social support, and barriers to specific treatment types such as group therapy. Implications and recommendations for strengthening clinical practice are discussed.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0760/10/6/205Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2076-0760Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/44726d8404f04fe19245c4e2073def63Test

المؤلفون: Lilian Vliek, Geertjan Overbeek, Bram Orobio de Castro

المصدر: PLoS ONE, Vol 14, Iss 11, p e0225504 (2019)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Medicine, Science

الوصف: Most interventions aimed at improving social interactions either target internalising or externalising problem behaviour in children. However, a recent review shows that a transdiagnostic approach might fit better to the diversity of problems within a group and within an individual (comorbidity). We examined the effectiveness of a transdiagnostic intervention, called Topper Training: a cognitive behavioural intervention in the peer group with parents included, that targets both internalising and externalising behaviour problems. A randomised trial with a waiting list control group was conducted, using 132 children with mild to severe psychosocial problems. Children were randomised into 77 intervention and 55 waiting list children (50% boys; age = 8-11 years). GLM repeated measures analyses yielded significant intervention effects directly after the training on parent-reported (but not teacher-reported) emotional symptoms (Cohen's d = .70), peer relationship problems (d = .41), and impact of these problems (d = .59). Significant effects were also found for child-perceived peer victimisation (d = .62), self-esteem (d = .45) and teacher-reported conduct problems (d = .42). Parent-reported effects on emotional, conduct problems and impact of the problems and child-reported effects on self-esteem were clinically relevant. No significant effects of Topper Training were found for prosocial behaviour and bullying. Within-participant t-tests in the intervention group between post-intervention and follow-up indicated that effects extended over a six-month follow-up period. Depression decreased significantly from post-test to follow-up. In conclusion, children with mild to severe internalising and/or externalising problems can benefit from the transdiagnostic Topper Training intervention.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/7d5002228b524d169b8f45464a666f73Test

المؤلفون: Patty Leijten, Frances Gardner, G J Melendez-Torres, Wendy Knerr, Geertjan Overbeek

المصدر: PLoS ONE, Vol 13, Iss 10, p e0204929 (2018)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Medicine, Science

الوصف: BACKGROUND:What are the parenting behaviors that shape child compliance? Most research on parent-child interactions relies on correlational research or evaluations of "package deal" interventions that manipulate many aspects of parenting at the same time. Neither approach allows for identifying the specific parenting behaviors that shape child compliance. To overcome this, we systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed available evidence on the effects of experimentally manipulated, discrete parenting behaviors-a niche in parent-child interaction research that contributes unique information on the specific parenting behaviors that shape child behavior. METHODS:We identified studies by systematically searching databases and through contacting experts. Nineteen studies (75 effect sizes) on four discrete parenting behaviors were included: praise, verbal reprimands, time-out, and ignore. In multilevel models, we tested for each parenting behavior whether it increased child compliance, including both observed and parent-reported measures of child compliance. RESULTS:Providing "time-out" for noncompliance robustly increased both observed and parent-reported child compliance (ds = 0.84-1.72; 95% CI 0.30 to 2.54). The same holds for briefly ignoring the child after non-compliance (ds = 0.36-1.77; 95% CI 0.04 to 2.90). When observed and parent-reported outcomes were combined, but not when they were examined separately, verbal reprimands also increased child compliance (d = 0.72; 95% CI 0.26 to 1.19). Praise did not increase child compliance (ds = -0.27-1.19; 95% CI -2.04 to 1.59). CONCLUSION:Our findings suggest that of the discrete parenting behaviors that are experimentally studied in multiple trials, especially time-out and ignore, and to some extent verbal reprimands, shape child compliance.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6173420?pdf=renderTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/c4ee184916824be1a27ec87799569e3aTest

المؤلفون: Rosanne Op den Kelder, Alithe L. Van den Akker, Hilde M. Geurts, Ramón J. L. Lindauer, Geertjan Overbeek

المصدر: European Journal of Psychotraumatology, Vol 9, Iss 1 (2018)

مصطلحات موضوعية: psychotrauma, meta-analysis, youth, executive functions, working memory, inhibition, cognitive flexibility, post-traumatic stress disorder, Psychiatry, RC435-571

الوصف: An earlier meta-analysis and review indicated that trauma exposure may be related to lower levels of executive functioning in youth. Since different developmental trajectories were found for three core executive functions, the present study focused on working memory, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility specifically. We conducted a multi-level meta-analysis on 55 studies and 322 effect sizes published between 2001 and 2017 that were retrieved from MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO. The 8070 participants in selected studies were aged 2–25 years. We investigated whether the association between constructs would be moderated by trauma-specific moderators (onset, duration, and type), and study (age, gender, ethnicity, and socio-economic status) and measurement (quality) characteristics. We found small to medium effect sizes for working memory (d = −0.49), inhibition (d = −0.46), and cognitive flexibility (d = −0.44). Moderator analyses showed that, for working memory, when studies used low-quality measurements the effect size was significantly stronger than when studies used high-quality measurements.Compared to single trauma-exposed youth, violence-exposed/abused and foster care/adopted youth showed more problems in inhibition, and foster care/adopted youth showed more problems in cognitive flexibility. Our findings imply that trauma-exposed youth have lower levels of executive functions. Clinical practice should incorporate problems in executive functioning, especially working memory, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility, in assessment and treatment guidelines.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2000-8066Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/070a5181bbc54f6ebbbcf9a78bf11507Test

المؤلفون: Joyce Weeland, Meike Slagt, Eddie Brummelman, Walter Matthys, Bram Orobio de Castro, Geertjan Overbeek

المصدر: PLoS ONE, Vol 10, Iss 11, p e0141474 (2015)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Medicine, Science

الوصف: There is increasing evidence that variation in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene SLC6A4 (i.e., the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism) moderates the impact of environmental stressors on child psychopathology. Emotional reactivity -the intensity of an individual's response to other's emotions- has been put forward as a possible mechanism underlying these gene-by-environment interactions (i.e., G×E). Compared to children homozygous for the L-allele (LL-genotypes), children carrying an S-allele (SS/SL-genotypes), specifically when they have been frequently exposed to negative emotions in the family environment, might be more emotionally reactive and therefore more susceptible to affective environmental stressors. However, the association between 5-HTTLPR and emotional reactivity in children has not yet been empirically tested. Therefore, the goal of this study was to test this association in a large-scale experiment.Children (N = 521, 52.5% boys, Mage = 9.72 years) were genotyped and randomly assigned to happy, angry or neutral dynamic facial expressions and vocalizations. Motor and affective emotional reactivity were assessed through children's self-reported negative and positive affect (n = 460) and facial electromyography activity (i.e., fEMG: the zygomaticus or "smile" muscle and the corrugator or "frown" muscle, n = 403). Parents reported on their negative and positive parenting behaviors.Children mimicked and experienced the emotion they were exposed to. However, neither motor reactivity nor affective reactivity to these emotions depended on children's 5-HTTLPR genotype: SS/SL-genotypes did not manifest any stronger response to emotional stimuli than LL-genotypes. This finding remained the same when taking the broader family environment into account, controlling for kinship, age, gender and genetic ancestry, and when including a tri-allelic factor.We found no evidence for an association between the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism and children's emotional reactivity. This finding is important, in discounting one potential underlying endophenotype of G×E between the 5-HTTLPR and affective environmental stressors.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4641607?pdf=renderTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/ffb5d8587cc04a2081cec009a683f740Test

المؤلفون: Thao Ha, Geertjan Overbeek, Anna Lichtwarck-Aschoff, Rutger C M E Engels

المصدر: PLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 4, p e61871 (2013)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Medicine, Science

الوصف: Numerous studies have shown that being able to resolve and recover from conflicts is of key importance for relationship satisfaction and stability in adults. Less is known about the importance of these relationship dynamics in adolescent romantic relationships. Therefore, this study investigated whether conflict resolution and recovery predict breakups in middle adolescent couples. Couples who are able to resolve and recover from conflict were expected to demonstrate a lower probability of breaking up. In total, 80 adolescent couples (M age = 15.48, SD = 1.16) participated in a 4-wave prospective questionnaire and observational study, with one year between measurements. In addition to self-report measures, adolescents were observed in real-time during conflicts with their partners. Multilevel Proportional Hazard analyses revealed that, contrary to the hypothesis, conflict resolution and conflict recovery did not predict the likelihood of breakup. Survival differences were not attributable to conflict resolution or conflict recovery. More research is needed to consider the unique relationship factors of adolescent romantic relationships to determine why some relationships survive while others do not.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23613960/pdf/?tool=EBITest; https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/defd999374ed4d12a435d586e4c3d729Test

المؤلفون: Eddie Brummelman, Sander Thomaes, Meike Slagt, Geertjan Overbeek, Bram Orobio de Castro, Brad J Bushman

المصدر: PLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 6, p e65360 (2013)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Medicine, Science

الوصف: From the early days of psychology, theorists have observed that parents sometimes transfer their own unfulfilled ambitions onto their child. We propose that parents are especially inclined to do so when they see their child as part of themselves, more so than as a separate individual. When parents see their child as part of themselves, their child's achievements may easily come to function as a surrogate for parents' own unfulfilled ambitions. In the present experiment, 73 parents (89% women, M age = 43 years) were randomly assigned to reflect on either their own or others' unfulfilled ambitions. Results showed that, when faced with their own unfulfilled ambitions, parents who see their child as part of themselves want their child to fulfill their unfulfilled ambitions. This study provides the first experimental evidence to suggest that parents may desire their child to redeem their broken dreams.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3686790?pdf=renderTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/8406df91a08943a390e866adf66e9c59Test

المؤلفون: Hend Eltanamly, Patty Leijten, Eeske van Roekel, Geertjan Overbeek

المصدر: Journal of Family Psychology. 37:295-304

مصطلحات موضوعية: General Psychology

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::7373694037087df503af301fb4bc9938Test
https://doi.org/10.1037/fam0001059Test