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1مؤتمر
المؤلفون: Vleugel, Jaap Marinus, Onderzoeker, Bal, Frans, Onderzoeker
المساهمون: Procesinnovatie en informatiesystemen, Hogeschool Utrecht@@@Kenniscentrum Digital Business & Media
المصدر: WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment. (261):407-418
مصطلحات موضوعية: climate change, CO2 emissions, fuel efficiency, electric vehicles
الوصف: Densely populated areas are major sources of air, soil and water pollution. Agriculture, manufacturing, consumer households and road traffic all have their share. This is particularly true for the country featured in this paper: the Netherlands. Continuous pollution of the air and soil manifests itself as acification, decalcification and eutrofication. Biodiversity becomes lower and lower in nature areas. Biological farms are also under threat. In case of mobility, local air pollution may have a huge health impact. Effective policy is called for, after high courts blocked construction projects, because of foreseen building- and transport-related NOx emissions. EU law makers are after Dutch governments, because these favoured economics and politics over environmental and liveability concerns. But, people in the Netherlands are strongly divided. The latest provincial elections were dominated by environmental concerns, next to many socio-economic issues. NOx and CO2 emissions by passenger cars are in focus. Technical means and increasing fuel economy norms strongly reduced NOx emissions to a still too high level. A larger number of cars neutralized a technological reduction of CO2 emissions. The question is: What would be the impact of a drastic mandatory reduction in CO2, NOx, and PM10 emissions on car ownership and use in the Netherlands? The authors used literature, scenario analysis and simulation modelling to answer this question. Electric mobility could remove these emissions. Its full impact will only be achieved if the grid-mix, which is still dominated by fossil fuels, becomes green(er), which is a gradual, long-term, process. EVs compete with other consumers of electricity, as many other activities, such as heating, are also electrifying. With the current grid-mix, it is inevitable that the number of km per vehicle per year is reduced to reach the scenario targets (−25% resp. −50% CO2 emissions by cars). This calls for an individual mobility budget per car user.
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2دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Aaditya Pendse, Aditya Prajapati
المصدر: Sustainable Chemistry, Vol 5, Iss 1, Pp 13-26 (2024)
مصطلحات موضوعية: methanol production, solar-driven electrochemistry, renewable energy integration, electrochemical reduction of CO2, methane oxidation reaction, solar-to-fuel efficiency, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Chemical technology, TP1-1185
الوصف: The transition towards sustainable and renewable energy sources is imperative in mitigating the environmental impacts of escalating global energy consumption. Methanol, with its versatile applications and potential as a clean energy carrier, a precursor chemical, and a valuable commodity, emerges as a promising solution within the realm of renewable energy technologies. This work explores the integration of electrochemistry with solar power to drive efficient methanol production processes, focusing on electrochemical reduction (ECR) of CO2 and methane oxidation reaction (MOR) as pathways for methanol synthesis. Through detailed analysis and calculations, we evaluate the thermodynamic limits and realistic solar-to-fuel (STF) efficiencies of ECR and MOR. Our investigation encompasses the characterization of multijunction light absorbers, determination of thermoneutral potentials, and assessment of STF efficiencies under varying conditions. We identify the challenges and opportunities inherent in both ECR and MOR pathways, shedding light on catalyst stability, reaction kinetics, and system optimization, thereby providing insights into the prospects and challenges of solar-driven methanol synthesis, offering a pathway towards a cleaner and more sustainable energy future.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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3دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Trevor Parent, Jeffrey J. Defoe, Afshin Rahimi
المصدر: Modelling, Vol 5, Iss 1, Pp 117-152 (2024)
مصطلحات موضوعية: model predictive control, vehicle air conditioning, fuel efficiency, fuel consumption optimization, vehicle energy efficiency, software-in-the-loop simulation, Engineering design, TA174
الوصف: Fuel consumption optimization is a critical field of research within the automotive industry to meet consumer expectations and regulatory requirements. A reduction in fuel consumption can be achieved by reducing the energy consumed by the vehicle. Several subsystems contribute to the overall energy consumption of the vehicle, including the air conditioning (A/C) system. The loads within the A/C system are mainly contributed by the compressor, condenser fan, and underhood aerodynamic drag, which are the components targeted for overall vehicle energy use reduction in this paper. This paper explores a new avenue for A/C system control by considering the power consumption due to vehicle drag (regulated by the condenser fan and active grille shutters (AGS)) to reduce the energy consumption of the A/C system and improve the overall vehicle fuel economy. The control approach used in this paper is model predictive control (MPC). The controller is designed in Simulink, where the compressor clutch signal, condenser fan speed, and AGS open-fraction are inputs. The controller is connected to a high-fidelity vehicle model in Gamma Technologies (GT)-Suite (which is treated as the real physical vehicle) to form a software-in-the-loop simulation environment, where the controller sends actuator inputs to GT-Suite and the vehicle response is sent back to the controller in Simulink. Quadratic programming is used to solve the MPC optimization problem and determine the optimal input trajectory at each time step. The results indicate that using MPC to control the compressor clutch, condenser fan, and AGS can provide a 37.6% reduction in the overall A/C system energy consumption and a 32.7% reduction in the error for the air temperature reference tracking compared to the conventional baseline proportional integral derivative control present in the GT-Suite model.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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4دورية أكاديمية
المصدر: Технічна інженерія, Vol 2, Iss 92, Pp 3-8 (2023)
مصطلحات موضوعية: road train, air resistance, fuel efficiency, semi-trailer, computer simulation, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
الوصف: The results of the analysis of the influence of the aerodynamic characteristics of the road train on its fuel efficiency are presented. Based on the analysis of known studies, the power balance equation and the known equation of road fuel consumption, it is shown that air resistance has a significant effect on fuel economy indicators. Through the analysis of the air resistance equation and taking into account known studies, it was concluded that one of the key parameters that affect the aerodynamics of the road train is the distance between the cab and the semi-trailer. The results of computer modeling of the aerodynamics of a two-track road train are presented. Based on the proposed model, it is shown that the distance between the cabin and the semi-trailer has a non-linear effect on the total air resistance expressed through the reduced pressure. On the basis of this, an assumption was made about the possibility of optimizing the specified distance according to the criterion of minimum air resistance. It has been established that the use of such technologies as aerodynamic panels can significantly improve the aerodynamic characteristics of a road train, which, in turn, will have a positive effect on fuel economy and other operational characteristics of the road train. A real example of how a decrease in the coefficient of ease of movement, which also takes into account air resistance, affects fuel consumption. It is shown that a decrease in the coefficient of ease of movement by only 0.04 units leads to a decrease in fuel consumption by 11%. It was concluded that the influence of the geometry of the road train, namely the distance between the cab and the semi-trailer, on the indicators of aerodynamics and fuel efficiency requires further research both by computer modeling and by researching physical models of road trains in a wind tunnel.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
العلاقة: http://ten.ztu.edu.ua/article/view/291715Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2706-5847Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2707-9619Test
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5دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Stefan V. Milićević, Ivan A. Blagojević
المصدر: Vojnotehnički Glasnik, Vol 71, Iss 4, Pp 1028-1047 (2023)
مصطلحات موضوعية: tracked vehicles, gear ratio optimization, gear-shifting strategy, genetic algorithm, fuel efficiency enhancement, Military Science, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
الوصف: Introduction/purpose: Tracked vehicles play a vital role across various domains, from military operations to construction and agriculture. This study focuses on improving the efficiency of tracked vehicles by optimizing both gear ratios and gear-shifting strategies while preserving other performance aspects. Methods: The optimization process involves a genetic algorithm for determining optimal gear ratios, considering performance constraints. Furthermore, the paper introduces a gear-shifting optimization algorithm aimed at enhancing fuel economy to the maximum, while allowing for a valid comparison between two sets of gear ratios. Results: Optimizing gear ratios leads to substantial reductions in fuel consumption, as the engine operates within more efficient regions. Additionally, the optimized gear-shifting strategy further enhances efficiency, resulting in a fuel consumption reduction exceeding 12%, when combined with the optimized gear ratios. Conclusions: This paper offers a direct and robust approach for optimizing powertrain gear ratios and gear-shifting strategies in tracked vehicles. The results demonstrate significant improvements in fuel efficiency without compromising other critical vehicle performance parameters.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
العلاقة: https://scindeks.ceon.rs/article.aspx?artid=0042-84692304028MTest; https://doaj.org/toc/0042-8469Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2217-4753Test
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6دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: İdris Cesur, Beytullah Eren
المصدر: Sakarya University Journal of Computer and Information Sciences, Vol 6, Iss 2, Pp 105-113 (2023)
مصطلحات موضوعية: engine efficiency prediction, environmental sustainability, fuel efficiency enhancement, artificial neural networks (ann), emission reduction, Electronic computers. Computer science, QA75.5-76.95, Information technology, T58.5-58.64
الوصف: Predicting engine efficiency for environmental sustainability is crucial in the automotive industry. Accurate estimation and optimization of engine efficiency aid in vehicle design decisions, fuel efficiency enhancement, and emission reduction. Traditional methods for predicting efficiency are challenging and time-consuming, leading to the adoption of artificial intelligence techniques like artificial neural networks (ANN). Neural networks can learn from complex datasets and model intricate relationships, making them promise for accurate predictions. By analyzing engine parameters such as fuel type, air-fuel ratio, speed, load, and temperature, neural networks can identify patterns influencing emission levels. These models enable engineers to optimize efficiency and reduce harmful emissions. ANN offers advantages in predicting efficiency by learning from vast amounts of data, extracting meaningful patterns, and identifying complex relationships. Accurate predictions result in better performance, fuel economy, and reduced environmental impacts. Studies have successfully employed ANN to estimate engine emissions and performance, showcasing its reliability in predicting engine characteristics. By leveraging ANN, informed decisions can be made regarding engine design, adjustments, and optimization techniques, leading to enhanced fuel efficiency and reduced emissions. Predicting engine efficiency using ANN holds promise for achieving environmental sustainability in the automotive sector.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
العلاقة: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/3194345Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2636-8129Test
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7دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Singh, Jagroop, Rana, Sudhir, Abdul Hamid, Abu Bakar, Gupta, Piyush
المصدر: Social Responsibility Journal, 2022, Vol. 19, Issue 7, pp. 1161-1177.
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8دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Chi Wu, Syamimi Saadon
مصطلحات موضوعية: Aviation's Impact on Global Climate Change, Global and Planetary Change, Environmental Science, Physical Sciences, Waste Heat Recovery for Power Generation and Cogeneration, Mechanical Engineering, FOS Mechanical engineering, Engineering, Refrigeration Systems and Technologies, Waste Heat Recovery, Emissions, CO2 Heat Pumps, Air Quality, Low-GWP Alternatives, Recuperator, Turbofan, Environmental science, Heat exchanger, Waste heat, Greenhouse gas, Intercooler, Automotive engineering, Fuel efficiency, Exhaust gas, Process engineering, Mechanical engineering, Waste management, Gas compressor, Geology, FOS Earth and related environmental sciences
الوصف: Global warming and climate change have been major problems in the present world. Greenhouse gas emissions contribute to global warming in which carbon dioxide being the best known. The aviation sector (excluding aerospace) has contributed to a total of 49.4 billion tons of carbon dioxide emission in 2016 alone. A solution to curb the increase of greenhouse gases has been proposed to temporarily solve this problem while future technological advancements occur. Having a heat recovery system by using heat exchangers in the engine helps to not only improves the performance of the engine but to also reduce temperature of the exhaust gases that will be eliminated as waste heat into the atmosphere. The main objective of the introduction of intercoolers and recuperators is to reduce the thrust specific fuel consumption whilst increasing the thrust and reducing emissions. This research thesis focuses on the analysis of intercooling and recuperation within the aspects of thermodynamics to be integrated into a typical ... : كان الاحترار العالمي وتغير المناخ من المشاكل الرئيسية في العالم الحالي. تساهم انبعاثات غازات الاحتباس الحراري في الاحترار العالمي الذي يكون فيه ثاني أكسيد الكربون هو الأكثر شهرة. ساهم قطاع الطيران (باستثناء الطيران) في ما مجموعه 49.4 مليار طن من انبعاثات ثاني أكسيد الكربون في عام 2016 وحده. تم اقتراح حل للحد من زيادة غازات الدفيئة لحل هذه المشكلة مؤقتًا أثناء حدوث تقدم تكنولوجي في المستقبل. إن وجود نظام لاسترداد الحرارة باستخدام المبادلات الحرارية في المحرك يساعد ليس فقط على تحسين أداء المحرك ولكن أيضًا على تقليل درجة حرارة غازات العادم التي سيتم التخلص منها كحرارة مهدرة في الغلاف الجوي. الهدف الرئيسي من إدخال المبردات البينية وأجهزة الاسترداد هو تقليل استهلاك الوقود المحدد للدفع مع زيادة الدفع وتقليل الانبعاثات. تركز أطروحة البحث هذه على تحليل التبريد البيني والاستجمام ضمن جوانب الديناميكا الحرارية ليتم دمجها في محرك توربيني نموذجي. سيتم إجراء التحليل عبر برنامج محاكاة العملية – Aspen Plus V11 وسيتم تصدير البيانات من البرنامج إلى Microsoft Excel للمعالجة اللاحقة وتصور الرسم البياني. ثلاثة أهداف رئيسية ...
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9دورية أكاديمية
مصطلحات موضوعية: Reduction Kinetics in Ironmaking Processes, Mechanical Engineering, FOS Mechanical engineering, Engineering, Physical Sciences, Power Generation and Energy Systems, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, FOS Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Future Development of China's Coal Industry, Fuel Technology, Energy, Blast Furnace, Energy Efficiency, Combustion Technology, Combustion, Blast furnace, Coke, Process engineering, Environmental science, Energy consumption, Delayed coker, Automotive engineering, Refinery, Propane, Production economics, Waste management, Fuel efficiency, Mechanical engineering, Materials science, Metallurgy
الوصف: This article proposes organizational and technical measures to reduce energy consumption of re-heating furnacessection of hot rolling mill 1700 in hot rolling shop No.1 of "ArcelorMittal Temirtau" JSC, such as fuel combustionquality management, performed and presented calculation of energy consumption per unit of production. The industrial experiment was performed there. As it is known, one of the features of re-heating furnaces is the fact that the minimum specific fuel consumption takes place when burning it with the maximum possible pyrometric effect. To solve the research tasks, a fundamentally new 3D model of combustion products motion with the possibility of parameters correction to calculate and optimize the energy-efficient operation of the furnace was applied. Experimental data were obtained on high-precision stationary and portable equipment, metering devices passed state inspection, which excludes the unreliability of the data obtained. ... : تقترح هذه المقالة تدابير تنظيمية وتقنية لتقليل استهلاك الطاقة في قسم فرن إعادة التسخين من مطحنة الدرفلة الساخنة 1700 في ورشة الدرفلة الساخنة رقم 1 من شركة "أرسيلور ميتال تيميرتاو" المساهمة المغفلة، مثل إدارة جودة احتراق الوقود، التي أجريت وقدمت حساب استهلاك الطاقة لكل وحدة إنتاج. تم إجراء التجربة الصناعية هناك. كما هو معروف، فإن إحدى ميزات أفران إعادة التسخين هي حقيقة أن الحد الأدنى من استهلاك الوقود المحدد يحدث عند حرقه بأقصى تأثير حراري ممكن. لحل مهام البحث، تم تطبيق نموذج ثلاثي الأبعاد جديد بشكل أساسي لحركة منتجات الاحتراق مع إمكانية تصحيح المعلمات لحساب وتحسين تشغيل الفرن الموفر للطاقة. تم الحصول على بيانات تجريبية على معدات ثابتة ومحمولة عالية الدقة، اجتازت أجهزة القياس فحص الحالة، مما يستبعد عدم موثوقية البيانات التي تم الحصول عليها. ...
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10دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Wenhao Jing, Guiwei He, Shengjie Bai, Feng Wang, Ya Liu, Liejin Guo
مصطلحات موضوعية: Biophysics, Evolutionary Biology, Ecology, Sociology, Space Science, Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified, Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified, Information Systems not elsewhere classified, traditional experimental design, still encounters obstacles, overall water splitting, offering valuable insights, error costs associated, density functional theory, catalyst design endeavors, sequential screening based, work holds promise, highly dispersed cu, 2 , based intermediates, superior photocatalyst, scaling relationship, reasonable atomic, precisely guided, fuel efficiency, facilitated sacrificial, element type, electronic structure, adsorption energy, 7 μmol
الوصف: For solar-driven overall pure water splitting, a superior photocatalyst with reasonable atomic and electronic structure is needed to be suitable for both half-reactions, HER and OER. TiO 2 has showcased remarkable catalytic efficiency in the field of HER but it still encounters obstacles in accomplishing proficient overall water splitting. Within this work, following a sequential screening based on element type, stability, electronic structure, and adsorption energy, we designed a TiO 2 -based catalyst screening workflow for solar-driven overall water splitting. This DFT-based workflow significantly reduced both the time and trial-and-error costs associated with a traditional experimental design. It precisely guided the synthesis of highly dispersed Cu-loaded/N-doped TiO 2 , which facilitated sacrificial-agent-free solar-driven overall water splitting, resulting in a solar to fuel efficiency of 0.2% and an H 2 yield of 1027.7 μmol/h/g. Advanced DFT calculations revealed that the d–p orbital coupling between Cu and N broke the scaling relationship of the O-based intermediates. This work holds promise for extension to other catalytic reactions, offering valuable insights into catalyst design endeavors.
النص الكامل