المؤلفون: Moro, Rodrigo, Auday, Marcelo

المصدر: Retos; Vol. 51 (2024); 1364-1374 ; 1988-2041 ; 1579-1726

مصطلحات موضوعية: foco consciente, habilidades deportivas, evidencia experimental, crítica metodológica, conscious focus, sport skills, experimental evidence, methodological criticism

الوصف: This work centered on the following question within the areas of psychology and philosophy of sports. When athletes are in action, is it beneficial for them to focus consciously on exercising their skills or is it better to do this unconsciously? This issue has caused some controversy in the area, with philosopher Barbara Montero defending a strong position in favor of conscious processing. In order to shed some light on this, we analyzed the results of the two main lines of experimental research on this topic, one of them led by Sian Beilock and the other, by Gabriele Wulf. In every case, we presented and evaluated the methodological criticism made by Montero to each experimental paradigm. Thus, by following a qualitative approach, we applied an interpretative methodology to explore arguments and experimental evidence from the area. Through our analysis, we tried to provide practical advice on which focuses of attention are beneficial (and which are not) for sports performance. Keywords: conscious focus; sports skills; experimental evidence; methodological criticism. ; El trabajo gira en torno a la siguiente pregunta dentro de las áreas de psicología y filosofía del deporte. Cuando un deportista está en plena acción, ¿le resulta beneficioso enfocarse de manera consciente en la ejecución de sus habilidades o le conviene ejecutarlas de manera inconsciente? Esta pregunta ha generado cierta controversia en el área, con la filósofa Barbara Montero defendiendo una posición fuertemente inclinada hacia el procesamiento consciente. Para intentar arrojar luz sobre la controversia, analizamos los resultados de las dos principales líneas de investigación experimental sobre el tema, una liderada por Sian Beilock y la otra por Gabriele Wulf. En cada caso, presentamos y analizamos las críticas metodológicas que realiza Montero a dichos paradigmas experimentales. Así, siguiendo un enfoque de tipo cualitativo, utilizamos una metodología interpretativa para analizar los argumentos y la evidencia experimental del área. A partir ...

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: https://recyt.fecyt.es/index.php/retos/article/view/97677/75023Test; https://recyt.fecyt.es/index.php/retos/article/view/97677Test

الإتاحة: https://recyt.fecyt.es/index.php/retos/article/view/97677Test

المؤلفون: Erbing, Axel, Philippe, Bertrand, Park, B. -W, Cappel, Ute B., Rensmo, H., Odelius, M.

المصدر: Chemical Science. 13(32):9285-9294

مصطلحات موضوعية: Electronic structure, Hybrid materials, Lead compounds, Perovskite, Photons, Solvents, X ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Computational modelling, Electronic structure calculations, Experimental evidence, Halide ions, Hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Lead ions, Local environments, Microheterogeneity, Photon energy, Valence-band maximums, Valence bands

الوصف: The valence band of lead halide hybrid perovskites with a mixed I/Br composition is investigated using electronic structure calculations and complementarily probed with hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. In the latter, we used high photon energies giving element sensitivity to the heavy lead and halide ions and we observe distinct trends in the valence band as a function of the I : Br ratio. Through electronic structure calculations, we show that the spectral trends with overall composition can be understood in terms of variations in the local environment of neighboring halide ions. From the computational model supported by the experimental evidence, a picture of the microheterogeneity in the valence band maximum emerges. The microheterogeneity in the valence band suggests that additional charge transport mechanisms might be active in lead mixed halide hybrid perovskites, which could be described in terms of percolation pathways.

وصف الملف: print

الوصول الحر: https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-326467Test
https://doi.org/10.1039/d2sc03440aTest

المؤلفون: Suneja, Vivek, Das, Debashree

المصدر: International Journal of Social Economics, 2022, Vol. 50, Issue 3, pp. 335-344.

الوصول الحر: http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/10.1108/IJSE-07-2022-0481Test

المؤلفون: Guo, Yu, Zhang, Biaobiao, Kloo, Lars, Sun, Licheng, 1962

المصدر: Journal of Energy Challenges and Mechanics. 57:436-442

مصطلحات موضوعية: Density functional theory, Oxygen-evolving complex, O[sbnd]O bond formation, Structural rearrangement, Substrate water, Binary alloys, Calcium alloys, Bond formation, Catalytic cycles, Experimental evidence, Oxygen-evolving complexes, Photosystem II, Structural flexibilities, Water oxidation, Manganese alloys

الوصف: Numerous aspects of the water oxidation mechanism in photosystem II have not been fully elucidated, especially the O[sbnd]O bond formation pathway. However, a body of experimental evidences have identified the O5 and W2 ligands of the oxygen-evolving complex as the highly probable substrate candidates. In this work, we studied O[sbnd]O bond formation between O5 and W2 based on the native Mn4Ca cluster by density functional calculations. Structural rearrangements before the formation of the S4 state were found as a prerequisite for O[sbnd]O bond formation between O5 and W2, regardless if the suggested pathways involving the typical Mn1(IV)-O[rad] species or the recently proposed Mn4(VII)(O)2 species. Possible alternatives for the S2 → S3 and S3 → S4 transitions accounting for such required rearrangements are discussed. These findings reflect that the structural flexibility of the Mn4Ca cluster is essential to allow structural rearrangements during the catalytic cycle.

وصف الملف: print

الوصول الحر: https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-285247Test
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jechem.2020.09.008Test

المؤلفون: Zhang, Biaobiao, Zhan, Shaoqi, Liu, Tianqi, Wang, Linqin, Ken Inge, A., Duan, L., Timmer, Brian, Kravchenko, Oleksandr, Li, Fei, Ahlquist, Mårten S. G., 1979, Sun, Licheng

المصدر: Journal of Energy Challenges and Mechanics. 54:815-821

مصطلحات موضوعية: Oxygen evolution, O–O bond formation, Ruthenium, Water oxidation, Chemical bonds, Density functional theory, Oxidation, Catalytic properties, Coordination environment, Experimental evidence, Face-to-face interaction, Ruthenium catalysts, Seven coordination, Steric hindrances, Water oxidation catalysts, Catalysts

الوصف: Understanding the seven coordination and O–O coupling pathway of the distinguished Ru-bda catalysts is essential for the development of next generation efficient water-oxidation catalysts based on earth-abundant metals. This work reports the synthesis, characterization and catalytic properties of a monomeric ruthenium catalyst Ru-bnda (H2bnda = 2,2′-bi(nicotinic acid)-6,6′-dicarboxylic acid) featuring steric hindrance and enhanced hydrophilicity on the backbone. Combining experimental evidence with systematic density functional theory calculations on the Ru-bnda and related catalysts Ru-bda (H2bda = 2,2ʹ-bipyridine-6,6ʹ-dicarboxylic acid), Ru-pda (H2pda = 1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-dicarboxylic acid), and Ru-biqa (H2biqa = (1,1ʹ-biisoquinoline)-3,3ʹ-dicarboxylic acid), we emphasized that seven coordination clearly determines presence of RuV[dbnd]O with high spin density on the ORuV[dbnd]O atom, i.e. oxo with radical properties, which is one of the necessary conditions for reacting through the O–O coupling pathway. However, an additional factor to make the condition sufficient is the favorable intermolecular face-to-face interaction for the generation of the pre-reactive [RuV[dbnd]O···O[dbnd]RuV], which may be significantly influenced by the secondary coordination environments. This work provides a new understanding of the structure–activity relationship of water-oxidation catalysts and their potential to adopt I2M pathway for O–O bond formation.

وصف الملف: print

الوصول الحر: https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-285255Test
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jechem.2020.06.036Test

المؤلفون: Aad, G., Åkesson, T.P.A., Bocchetta, S.S., Corrigan, E.E., Doglioni, C., Geisen, J., Gregersen, K., Hansen, E., Hedberg, V., Jarlskog, G., Kellermann, E., Konya, B., Lytken, E., Mankinen, K.H., Marcon, C., Mjörnmark, J.U., Mullier, G.A., Poettgen, R., Poulsen, T., Skorda, E., Smirnova, O., Zwalinski, L.

المصدر: Nature Physics eSSENCE: The e-Science Collaboration. 17(7):819-825

مصطلحات موضوعية: Branching fractions, Centre-of-mass energies, Experimental evidence, Fundamental principles, Large Hadron Collider, Proton collisions, The standard model, Weak interactions, Bosons, Naturvetenskap, Fysik, Subatomär fysik, Natural Sciences, Physical Sciences, Subatomic Physics

الوصف: Leptons with essentially the same properties apart from their mass are grouped into three families (or flavours). The number of leptons of each flavour is conserved in interactions, but this is not imposed by fundamental principles. Since the formulation of the standard model of particle physics, the observation of flavour oscillations among neutrinos has shown that lepton flavour is not conserved in neutrino weak interactions. So far, there has been no experimental evidence that this also occurs in interactions between charged leptons. Such an observation would be a sign of undiscovered particles or a yet unknown type of interaction. Here the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN reports a constraint on lepton-flavour-violating effects in weak interactions, searching for Z-boson decays into a τ lepton and another lepton of different flavour with opposite electric charge. The branching fractions for these decays are measured to be less than 8.1 × 10−6 (eτ) and 9.5 × 10−6 (μτ) at the 95% confidence level using 139 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of s=13TeV and 20.3 fb−1 at s=8TeV. These results supersede the limits from the Large Electron–Positron Collider experiments conducted more than two decades ago. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.

الوصول الحر: https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/299691f7-c16b-448f-abe1-c2a0cbd0f116Test
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41567-021-01225-zTest

المؤلفون: James Dennison

المصدر: Comparative Migration Studies, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-18 (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Migration communication, Experimental evidence, Attitudes to immigration, Perceptions, Narratives, Social Sciences, Communities. Classes. Races, HT51-1595, Urban groups. The city. Urban sociology, HT101-395, City population. Including children in cities, immigration, HT201-221

الوصف: Abstract The need for strategic communication in migration policymaking is increasingly widely recognised. Whereas until recently there was relatively little academic evidence of what forms of immigration communication are effective, the past few years have seen a large amount of new experimental evidence. This article overviews 68 experimental studies, as well as other relevant studies, categorising their findings into nine common communication strategies. Appealing to common interest rather than self-interest, appealing to conformity rather than diversity, migrant descriptions, appealing to common ground, and appealing to empathy are consistently shown to be effective. Fact-checking of the effects of migration and appealing to emotions are mostly shown to be effective, as is appealing to identity where applicable. By contrast, appealing to diversity is consistently shown to be ineffective, while correcting information about migrant stocks and appeals to self-interest are mostly shown to be ineffective. Overall, this review article supports psychological findings regarding attitudinal formation that emphasise sociotropic considerations of the effects of immigration, economic or otherwise, on the collective while offering weaker support for egocentric approaches.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2214-594XTest

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/48d1336acd7c493298e35d1e70edfa64Test

المؤلفون: Muslija, Adnan, Enoiu, Eduard Paul, PhD

المصدر: Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Applied Computing. :1556-1565

مصطلحات موضوعية: Codes (symbols), Computational complexity, Embedded systems, Function evaluation, Information management, Programmable logic controllers, Safety engineering, Software quality, Bombardier Transportation, Cyclomatic complexity, Engineering community, Experimental evidence, Function block diagram, Industrial control systems, Large scale embedded systems, Safety-critical domain, Software testing

الوصف: In the safety-critical domain (e.g. transportation, nuclear, aerospace and automotive), large-scale embedded systems implemented using Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) are widely used to provide supervisory control. Software complexity metrics, such as code size and cyclomatic complexity, have been used in the software engineering community for predicting quality metrics such as maintainability, bug proneness and robustness. However, since there is no available approach and tool support for measuring software complexity of PLC programs, we developed a tool called TIQVA in an effort to measure complexity for this type of software. We show how to measure different software complexity metrics such as lines of code, cyclomatic complexity, and information flow for a popular PLC programming language named Function Block Diagram (FBD). We evaluate the tool using data provided by Bombardier Transportation from a Train Control Management System (TCMS). In addition, we report some empirical and industrial evidence showing how TIQVA can be used to provide some experimental evidence to support the use of these metrics to estimate testing effort for an industrial control software. The results from this evaluation indicate that other specific dimensions of PLC programs (e.g., function block relationships, block coupling and timing) could be used to improve the measurement of complexity for industrial embedded software.

وصف الملف: print

الوصول الحر: https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-47558Test
https://doi.org/10.1145/3341105.3373914Test

المؤلفون: Redlinger-Pohn, Jakob D., Mayr, M., Schaub, G., Gruber, D., Radl, S.

المصدر: Cellulose. 27(16):9663-9682

مصطلحات موضوعية: Fibre segregation, Fibre suspension modelling, Fractionation, Hydrodynamic fractionation, Length-based fibre separation, Computational geometry, Flocculation, Suspensions (fluids), Arbitary geometry, Experimental evidence, Hydrodynamic forces, Micro fibrillated cellulose, Network strength, Phenomenological modeling, Small particles, Streaming networks, Fibers, Dispersions, Distribution, Fines Removal, Flow Measurement, Length, Quality

الوصف: The motion of flocculated fibres in a streaming suspension is governed by the balance of the network strength and hydrodynamic forces. With increasing flow rate through a channel, (1) the network initially occupying all space, (2) is then compressed to the centre, and (3) ultimately dispersed. This classical view neglects fibres-fines: we find that the distribution of these small particles differs in streaming suspensions. While it is known that fibre-fines can escape the fibre network, we find that the distribution of fibre-fines is non-homogenous in the network during compression: fibre-fines can be caged and retarded in the streaming fibre network. Hence, the amount of fibre-fines is reduced outside of a fibre network and enriched at the network’s interface. Aiming on selectively removing fibre-fines from a streaming network by suction, we identify a reduction of the fines removal rate. That documents a hindered mobility of fibre-fines when moving through the network of fibres. Additionally, we found evidence, that the mobility of fibre-fines is dependent on the fibre-fines quality, and is higher for fibrillar fines. Consequently, we suggest that the quality of fibre-fines removed from the suspension can be controlled with the flow regime in the channel. Finally, we present a phenomenological model to compute the length dependent fibre distribution in an arbitary geometry. For a fibre suspension channel flow we are able to predict a length-dependent fibre segregation near the channel’s centre. The erosion of a plug of long fibres was however underestimated by our model. Interestingly, our model with parameters fitted to streaming fibre suspension qualitatively agreed with the motion of micro-fibrillated cellulose. This gives hope that devices for handling flocculated fibre suspensions can be designed in the future with greater confidence.

وصف الملف: print

الوصول الحر: https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-302820Test
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-020-03443-9Test

المؤلفون: Jauernig, Johanna, Brosig, Stephan, Hüttel, Silke

مصطلحات موضوعية: ddc:330, Q12, Q24, R38, agricultural ethics, experimental evidence, farmers' preferences, farmland price regulation

الوصف: Local farmers' preferences for farmland price regulations in competitive markets have not been studied systematically. We investigate farmers' preferences in Germany, where recent price increases have driven calls for regulatory changes. The results of an online vignette experiment show that farmers prefer stricter regulation against the admission of non‐local (but even more so of non‐farmer) land buyers. Our analysis also shows that local farmers' preferences are motivated primarily by self‐interest rather than adherence to principles. We conclude that most farmers prefer price regulations that consider their particular concerns about increasing competition in Germany.

العلاقة: Journal: Journal of Agricultural Economics; Volume: 74; Year: 2023; Issue: 3; Pages: 816-834; Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; http://hdl.handle.net/10419/274526Test; RePEc:zbw:espost:274526

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1111/1477-9552.12535Test
http://hdl.handle.net/10419/274526Test