المؤلفون: Ermanno Zanini, Michele Freppaz

المصدر: Italian Journal of Agronomy, Vol 1, Iss 3s (2010)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Agriculture, Plant culture, SB1-1110

الوصف: In Alpine sites snow is present on the ground from six to eight months per year in relation to elevation and exposure. Water is therefore immobilized into the solid state for the greater part of the winter season and released to the ground in a short period during spring snowmelt. In these areas, snow distribution exercises a fundamental role in influencing soil temperature and nutrient dynamics, in particular of nitrogen, with great consequences on plant nutrition. The dormant vegetation period, the low temperatures and the persistent snow cover suggest that soil biological activity is only concentrated during summer. As a matter of fact, soils covered with a consistent snow cover are isolated from the air temperature and can not freeze during winter. A snowpack of sufficient thickness, accumulated early in winter, insulates the ground from the surrounding atmosphere maintaining soil temperature closed to 0 °C during the whole winter season. The elevation of the snow line and the shorter permanence of snow on the ground, as a result of global warming (IPCC, 1996, 2001), might reduce the insulation effect of the snowpack, exposing soils of the mountain belt to lower temperatures and to a greater frequency of freeze/thaw cycles, which might alter organic matter dynamics and soil nutrient availability. Such thermal stresses may determine the lysis of microbial cells and the consequent increase of nitrogen and carbon mineralization by the survived microorganisms. Moreover, the freeze/thaw cycles can determine the exposure of exchange surfaces not available before, with release of organic matter of non-microbial origin, which may become available to surviving microorganisms for respiration. The reduced or absent microbial immobilization may cause the accumulation of remarkable amounts of inorganic nitrogen in soil, potentially leachable during spring snowmelt, when plants have not still started the growing season. Changes of snow distribution in alpine sites can consequently have a great impact on the thermal regime and nutrient cycle of soils. The environmental implications have to be estimated for a long time, through specific studies that aim to evidence the indirect effects of climatic change on characteristics of alpine pedoenvironments.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1125-4718Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2039-6805Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/610c267586a64a4383a31c5954373e6aTest

المؤلفون: Michele D'Amico, Michele Freppaz, Ermanno Zanini

المساهمون: M.E. D'Amico, M. Freppaz, E. Zanini

مصطلحات موضوعية: Settore AGR/14 - Pedologia

الوصف: Climate changes have huge impacts on alpine ecosystems. One of the most visible effects is glacial retreat since the end of the Little Ice Age (190-190 years ago), which caused the exposure of previously glaciated surfaces. These surfaces are open-air laboratories, verifying theories regarding ecosystem and soil development. In order to increase our knowledge on the effect of time and substrate on vegetation primary succession and soil development in proglacial areas, we sampled soils and surveyed plant communities on stable points in the proglacial areas of the Lys and Verra Grande glaciers, in the Italian north-western Alps (Valle d’Aosta). Sampling sites were located on dated sites (based on literature or historical photographs). Glacial till is attacked by weathering processes immediately after deposition and stabilization, such as loss of soluble compounds, acidification, primary mineral weathering. The speed of these processes are largely increased after the establishment of a continuous vegetation cover, thanks to organic matter accumulation caused by litter input and root decomposition below the surface. On sialic glacial tills, below timberline, patches of larch-Rhododendron forest were formed in less than 90 years, and a quasi-climax subalpine forest was formed on surfaces deposited before 1921. Under a larch - Rhododendron forest, a fast and steady decrease in pH values, increase in organic matter content and horizon differentiation is observed. In particular, genetic eluvial horizons form in just 60 years, while diagnostic albic horizons are developed after ca. 90 years, evidencing an early start of the podzolization processes. Cheluviation of Fe and, secondarily, Al are analytically verified. However, illuviation of Fe, Al and organic matter in incipient B horizons was not sufficient to obtain diagnostic spodic horizons on LIA materials. Under grazed grassland below timberline and alpine prairie above timberline, acidification and weathering were slightly slower, and no redistribution with depth of ...

العلاقة: Mountains under watch : 20 - 21 Febbraio; http://hdl.handle.net/2434/874651Test; http://www.muw2013.it/wp-content/uploads/muw13_book_of_abstract.pdfTest

الإتاحة: http://hdl.handle.net/2434/874651Test
http://www.muw2013.it/wp-content/uploads/muw13_book_of_abstract.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Vittorino Novello, Ruby J. Stahel, Eleonora Bonifacio, Luisella Celi, Ermanno Zanini, Sergio Alfonso Belmonte, Kerri L. Steenwerth

مصطلحات موضوعية: vegetation biomass, Soil Science, 010501 environmental sciences, complex mixtures, 01 natural sciences, Vineyard, loamy Ultisol, soil respiration, Soil respiration, Soil management, microbial biomass, permanent grass, soil organic matter fractionation, tillage, Cover crop, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Soil organic matter, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Tillage, Agronomy, Soil water, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, Soil conservation

الوصف: Vineyard management practices to enhance soil conservation principally focus on increasing carbon (C) input, whereas mitigating impacts of disturbance through reduced tillage has been rarely considered. Furthermore, information is lacking on the effects of soil management practices adopted in the under-vine zone on soil conservation. In this work, we evaluated the long-term effects (22 years) of alley with a sown cover crop and no-tillage (S + NT), alley with a sown cover crop and tillage (S + T), and under-vine zone with no vegetation and tillage (UV) on soil organic matter (SOM), microbial activity, aggregate stability, and their mutual interactions in a California vineyard in USA. Vegetation biomass, microbial biomass and activity, organic C and nitrogen (N) pools, and SOM size fractionation and aggregate stability were analysed. Soil characteristics only partially reflected the differences in vegetation biomass input. Organic C and N pools and microbial biomass/activity in S + NT were higher than those in S + T, while the values in UV were intermediate between the other two treatments. Furthermore, S + NT also exhibited higher particulate organic matter C in soil. No differences were found in POM C between S + T and UV, but the POM fraction in S + T was characterized by fresher material. Aggregate stability was decreased in the order: S + NT > UV > S + T. Tillage, even if shallow and performed infrequently, had a negative effect on organic C and N pools and aggregate stability. Consequently, the combination of a sown cover crop and reduced tillage still limited SOM accumulation and reduced aggregate stability in the surface soil layer of vineyards, suggesting relatively lower resistance of soils to erosion compared to no-till systems.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::303ab3e41182da24b9b4afc661d2365aTest
http://hdl.handle.net/2318/1670445Test

المؤلفون: Daniel Said-Pullicino, Gianluca Filippa, Fabienne Curtaz, Ermanno Zanini, Michele Freppaz, Luisella Celi

المصدر: Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 78:54-57

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biogeochemical cycle, Biomass (ecology), Ecology, Soil Science, Temperate forest, Alpine climate, Snow, complex mixtures, Microbiology, Nutrient, Snowmelt, Environmental science, Ecosystem, human activities

الوصف: Active microbial biomass beneath seasonal snowpacks may influence biogeochemical processes in mountain soils. Here we show that soil microbial biomass in temperate forest ecosystems reaches its annual peak under snow, and declines rapidly as snow melts in the spring. This decline was associated with changes in temperature regime and resource availability. However, in contrast to alpine ecosystems at higher elevations, fungal/bacterial ratios, evaluated by amino sugar analysis, were lower in snow-covered winter soils and increased during snowmelt. We associated this shift to a faster decline in bacterial with respect to fungal biomass during snowmelt.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::40d82d214173da7a369308ab6f8c2ff8Test
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.07.010Test

المؤلفون: D'AMICO M, Michele Freppaz, Ermanno Zanini, Eleonora Bonifacio

المساهمون: M. D'Amico, F. Michele, Z. Ermanno, B. Eleonora

مصطلحات موضوعية: Endemic specie, Glacier forefield, Moraines, Nickel, Phosphorus, Settore AGR/14 - Pedologia

الوصف: Aims Initial stages of pedogenesis are particularly slow on serpentinite. This implies a slow accumulation of available nutrients and leaching of phytotoxic elements. Thus, a particularly slow plant primary succession should be observed on serpentinitic proglacial areas. The observation of soil-vegetation relationships in such environments should give important information on the development of the "serpentine syndrome". Methods Plant-soil relationships have been statistically analysed, comparing morainic environments on pure serpentinite and serpentinite with small sialic inclusions in the North-western Italian Alps. Results and conclusions Pure serpentinite supported strikingly different plant communities in comparison with the sites where the serpentinitic till was enriched by small quantities of sialic rocks. While on the former materials almost no change in plant species composition was observed in 190 years, 4 different species associations were developed with time on the other. Plant cover and biodiversity were much lower on pure serpentinite as well. Extremely low P and high Ni contents in soil were strongly related with these differences, but none of them could be interpreted as the actual limiting factor for plant development on pure serpentinite. Other nutrients or bases were not related with the different primary succession speed and species composition.

العلاقة: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000403495500021; volume:415; firstpage:283; lastpage:298; numberofpages:16; journal:PLANT AND SOIL; http://hdl.handle.net/2434/874463Test; info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-85007505749

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-016-3165-xTest
http://hdl.handle.net/2434/874463Test

المؤلفون: Michele D'Amico, Ermanno Zanini, Michele Freppaz, Eleonora Bonifacio

مصطلحات موضوعية: 0106 biological sciences, Endemic species, Glacier forefield, Moraines, Nickel, Phosphorus, Biodiversity, Geochemistry, Soil Science, Plant Science, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Nutrient, Nickel, Endemism, Primary succession, Moraines, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Glacier, Plant community, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Pedogenesis, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Plant cover, Geology

الوصف: Initial stages of pedogenesis are particularly slow on serpentinite. This implies a slow accumulation of available nutrients and leaching of phytotoxic elements. Thus, a particularly slow plant primary succession should be observed on serpentinitic proglacial areas. The observation of soil-vegetation relationships in such environments should give important information on the development of the “serpentine syndrome”. Plant-soil relationships have been statistically analysed, comparing morainic environments on pure serpentinite and serpentinite with small sialic inclusions in the North-western Italian Alps. Pure serpentinite supported strikingly different plant communities in comparison with the sites where the serpentinitic till was enriched by small quantities of sialic rocks. While on the former materials almost no change in plant species composition was observed in 190 years, 4 different species associations were developed with time on the other. Plant cover and biodiversity were much lower on pure serpentinite as well. Extremely low P and high Ni contents in soil were strongly related with these differences, but none of them could be interpreted as the actual limiting factor for plant development on pure serpentinite. Other nutrients or bases were not related with the different primary succession speed and species composition.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::fd8283de21fc9987a68bdf54dd0d6eb0Test
http://hdl.handle.net/2318/1638790Test

المؤلفون: Michele Freppaz, Gianluca Filippa, Mark W. Williams, Ermanno Zanini, CORTI, Giuseppe, COCCO, Stefania

المساهمون: Christian Rixen, Antonio Rolando, Michele, Freppaz, Gianluca, Filippa, Corti, Giuseppe, Cocco, Stefania, Mark W., William, Ermanno, Zanini

الوصف: Much of the surface area in mountain regions has been converted to recreational activities in recent decades due to the increasing demand of tourists for winter sports. In general, ski-run construction and management have a great influence on the chemical and physical properties of underlying soils. To create ski-runs the natural landform is often changed to level the surface, thus exposing unweathered parent material or deep soil horizons. Thus the original soil thickness can be reduced often resulting in a “turbated” topsoil. The result is that soils in ski-runs have an almost complete lack of structure, with subsequent problems of soil compaction and reduction of water and air permeability. Erosion on ski-runs is thus enhanced. One control that is often pursued is artificial seeding. However, depletion of soil organic matter, reduction in soil aggregate stability, and nutrient imbalance may affect plant development. In ski-run restoration the improvement of soil organic matter and nutrient status is one of the most crucial tasks. A greater understanding of soil physico-chemical characteristics, plant colonisation and soil microbial activity after ski-run construction is necessary to enhance conservation and restoration of these disturbed pedoenvironments.

وصف الملف: ELETTRONICO

العلاقة: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/isbn/9781608056323; ispartofbook:The Impact of Skiing on Mountain Environments; firstpage:45; lastpage:64; numberofpages:20; http://hdl.handle.net/11566/81603Test; http://www.eurekaselect.com/107877/chapter/soil-properties-on-ski-runTest

الإتاحة: http://hdl.handle.net/11566/81603Test
http://www.eurekaselect.com/107877/chapter/soil-properties-on-ski-runTest

المؤلفون: Ermanno Zanini, Eleonora Bonifacio, Michele D'Amico

المصدر: Plant and Soil. 376:111-128

مصطلحات موضوعية: Topsoil, soil fertility, Soil Science, Soil science, Plant Science, Vegetation, pedogenesis, Ultramafic rocks, serpentinite, Serpentine syndrome, Nickel, Deserts and xeric shrublands, Nutrient, Pedogenesis, Agronomy, Ultramafic rock, Soil water, Environmental science, Soil fertility

الوصف: In serpentinitic areas non-endemic plants suffer from the serpentine syndrome, due to high Ni and Mg concentrations, low nutrients and Ca/Mg ratio. We evaluated the environment-soil-vegetation relationships in a xeric inner-alpine area (NW Italy), where the inhibited pedogenesis should enhance parent material influences on vegetation. Site conditions, topsoil properties, plant associations and species on and off serpentinite were statistically associated (51 sites). Serpentine soils had higher Mg and Ni concentrations, but did not differ from non-serpentine ones in nutrient contents. The 15 vegetation clusters often showed substrate specificity. Two components of the Canonical Analysis of Principal Coordinates, respectively related to Mg and to Ni and heat load, identified serpentine vegetation. Random Forests showed that several species were positively correlated with Ni and/or Ca/Mg or Mg, some were negatively associated with high Ni, Mg excess affected only few species. Considering only serpentine sites, nutrients and microclimate were most important. Ni excess most often precludes the presence of plant species on serpentinite, while an exclusion due to Mg is rarer. Endemic species are mostly adapted to both factors. Nutrient scarcity was not specific of serpentine soils in the considered environment. Considering only serpentine sites, nutrient and microclimatic gradients drove vegetation variability.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::ee46fca16f0aab112cfdea4035db3e2aTest
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1971-yTest

المؤلفون: Michele Freppaz, Gianluca Filippa, Davide Viglietti, Ermanno Zanini

المصدر: Hydrological Processes. 28:5309-5321

مصطلحات موضوعية: Hydrology, Soil water, Soil chemistry, Environmental science, Precipitation, Soil carbon, Snowpack, Soil fertility, Snow, Water Science and Technology, Subalpine forest

الوصف: Among the potential effects of climate change on subalpine forest ecosystems during the winter season, the shift in snowline towards higher altitudes and the increase in frequency of rain events on the snowpack are of particular interest. Here, we present the results of a 2-year field experiment conducted in a forest stand (Larix decidua) in NW Italy at 2020 m a.s.l. From 2009 to 2011, we monitored soil physical characteristics (temperature and moisture), and soil and soil solution chemistry, in particular carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) forms and their change in time, as affected by simulated late snowpack accumulation and rain on snow events. Late snowpack accumulation determined a stronger effect on soil thermal and moisture regimes than rain on snow events. Also soil chemistry was significantly affected by late snowfall simulation. Although microbial biomass C and N were not reduced by soil freezing, soil contents of the more labile dissolved organic carbon and inorganic N increased when the soil was affected by mild/hard freezing. Variations in the soil solution were shifted with respect to those observed in soil, with an increase in N-NO3− concentrations occurring during spring and summer. This study highlights the potential N loss in subalpine soils under changing environmental conditions driven by a changing climate. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::591e59dfc39bcb26af773dfa61677d45Test
https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10008Test

المؤلفون: Ermanno Zanini, C. Galliani, Michele Freppaz, Sergio Alfonso Belmonte, Danilo Godone, Silvia Stanchi

المصدر: Journal of Maps. 9:367-372

مصطلحات موضوعية: Geography, Altitude, Resource (biology), Land suitability, Geography, Planning and Development, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Landscape conservation, Physical geography, Viticulture, Vineyard

الوصف: Mountain vineyards are a valuable resource for high-quality wine production and landscape conservation. A suitability map (1: 50,000) for mountain vineyard cultivation was created for a study area located in Aosta Valley (NW Italy). We considered the following environmental variables that are known to influence wine production: slope, aspect, altitude and soil, producing a suitability map that allows the identification of areas that can be considered practical for sustainable mountain viticulture.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::63e9fe852fc210cc3936a338e88a7d5fTest
https://doi.org/10.1080/17445647.2013.785986Test