المؤلفون: Reuter, Quentin, Larkin, Gregory, Dube, Michael, Vellanki, Suman, Dos Santos, Amanda, McKinnon, Jamie, Jouriles, Nicholas, Seaberg, David

المصدر: Western Journal of Emergency Medicine: Integrating Emergency Care with Population Health.

مصطلحات موضوعية: MOUD, buprenorphine, Stage-of-change

الوصف: Introduction: The emergency department (ED) is an effective setting for initiating medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD); however, predicting who will remain in treatment remains a central challenge. We hypothesize that baseline stage-of-change (SOC) assessment is associated with short-term treatment retention outcomes.Methods: This is a longitudinal cohort study of all patients enrolled in an ED MOUD program over 12 months. Eligible and willing patients were treated with buprenorphine at baseline and had addiction medicine specialist follow-up arranged. Treatment retention at 30 and 90 days was determined by review of the Prescription Drug Monitoring Program. We used uni- and multivariate logistic regression to evaluate associations between patient variables and treatment retention at 30 and 90 days.Results: From June 2018–May 2019, 279 patients were enrolled in the ED MOUD program. Of those patients 151 (54.1%) and 120 (43.0%) remained engaged in MOUD treatment at 30 and 90 days, respectively. The odds of treatment adherence at 30 days were significantly higher for those with advanced SOC (preparation/action/maintenance) compared to those presenting with limited SOC (pre-contemplation/contemplation) (60.0% vs 40.8%; odds ratio 2.18; 95% confidence interval 1.15 to 4.1; P 40, having medical insurance, and being employed were significant predictors of continued treatment adherence. At 90 days, advanced SOC, non-White race, age > 40, and having insurance were all significantly associated with higher likelihood of treatment engagement.Conclusion: Greater stage-of-change was significantly associated with MOUD treatment retention at 30 and 90 days post index ED visit.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/06j1b4jbTest

المؤلفون: Koethe, John R, Moser, Carlee, Brown, Todd T, Stein, James H, Kelesidis, Theodoros, Dube, Michael, Currier, Judith, McComsey, Grace A

المصدر: Clinical Infectious Diseases. 74(5)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Obesity, Prevention, Infectious Diseases, Nutrition, Cardiovascular, HIV/AIDS, Diabetes, Metabolic and endocrine, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Adipokines, Adult, Female, HIV Infections, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Male, Raltegravir Potassium, Weight Gain, HIV, adipose tissue, adipokines, metabolism, leptin, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Microbiology, Clinical sciences

الوصف: BackgroundThe adipokines leptin and adiponectin, produced primarily by adipose tissue, have diverse endocrine and immunologic effects, and circulating levels reflect adipocyte lipid content, local inflammation, and tissue composition. We assessed relationships between changes in regional fat depots, leptin and adiponectin levels, and metabolic and inflammatory markers over 96 weeks in the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) A5260s metabolic substudy of the A5257 randomized trial of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine plus atazanavir/ritonavir, darunavir/ritonavir, or raltegravir among treatment-naive persons with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH).MethodsFat depots were measured using dual-energy absorptiometry and abdominal computed tomographic imaging at treatment initiation and 96 weeks later. Serum leptin and adiponectin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were measured at the same timepoints. Multivariable regression models assessed relationships between fat depots, adipokines, HOMA-IR, and hsCRP at week 96.ResultsTwo hundred thirty-four participants maintained viral suppression through 96 weeks (90% male, 29% black, median age 36 years). Serum leptin increased over 96 weeks (mean change 22%) while adiponectin did not (mean change 1%), which did not differ by study arm. Greater trunk, limb, and abdominal subcutaneous and visceral fat were associated with higher HOMA-IR and hsCRP at 96 weeks, but serum leptin level was a stronger determinant of these endpoints using a mediation model approach. A similar mediating effect was not observed for adiponectin.ConclusionsHigher circulating leptin is associated with greater HOMA-IR and hsCRP independent of fat depot size, suggesting that greater adipocyte lipid content may contribute to impaired glucose tolerance and systemic inflammation among PWH starting antiretroviral therapy.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8tq737qjTest

المؤلفون: Park, Sung Yong, Faraci, Gina, Ganesh, Kevin, Dubé, Michael P., Lee, Ha Youn

المساهمون: NIH, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

المصدر: Journal of Clinical Virology ; volume 171, page 105639 ; ISSN 1386-6532

مصطلحات موضوعية: Infectious Diseases, Virology

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2024.105639Test
https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1386653224000015?httpAccept=text/xmlTest
https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1386653224000015?httpAccept=text/plainTest

المؤلفون: Dubé, Michaël, Laliberté, Thierry, Flamand, Véronique, Routhier, François, Campeau-Lecours, Alexandre

المصدر: Rehabilitation Engineering Society of North America (now Rehabilitation Engineering and Assistive Technology Society of North America (RESNA), 2020

مصطلحات موضوعية: Computer Science - Robotics

الوصف: Many people living with neurological disorders, such as cerebral palsy, stroke, muscular dystrophy or dystonia experience upper limb impairments (muscle spasticity, loss of selective motor control, muscle weakness or tremors) and have difficulty to eat independently. The general goal of this project is to develop a new device to assist with eating, aimed at stabilizing the movement of people who have movement disorders. A first iteration of the device was validated with children living with cerebral palsy and showed promising results. This validation however pointed out important drawbacks. This paper presents an iteration of the design which includes a new mechanism reducing the required arm elevation, improving safety through a compliant utensil attachment, and improving damping and other static balancing factors.

الوصول الحر: http://arxiv.org/abs/2010.06752Test

المؤلفون: Pasipanodya, Elizabeth C, Li, Michael J, Jain, Sonia, Sun, Xiaoying, Tobin, Jessica, Ellorin, Eric, Dube, Michael, Daar, Eric S, Corado, Katya, Milam, Joel, Blumenthal, Jill, Morris, Sheldon H, Moore, David J

المصدر: AIDS and Behavior. 24(11)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Public Health, Health Sciences, Behavioral and Social Science, Prevention, Sexual and Gender Minorities (SGM/LGBT*), HIV/AIDS, Infectious Diseases, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Anti-HIV Agents, Condoms, HIV Infections, Homosexuality, Male, Humans, Male, Medication Adherence, Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis, Self Report, Sexual Behavior, Sexual and Gender Minorities, Unsafe Sex, Young Adult, HIV, PrEP, Adherence, Risk compensation, Condomless sex, and the California Collaborative Treatment Group, Public Health and Health Services, Social Work, Public health

الوصف: The effectiveness of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) against HIV acquisition depends on treatment adherence; however, within-person associations between levels of PrEP adherence and engagement in condomless sex have not been well studied. In the context of a demonstration project, 372 men who have sex with men received once-daily PrEP and completed six study visits over 48 weeks. Two-part growth mixture modeling was used to examine the longitudinal trajectory of condomless anal intercourse (CAI) and self-reports of PrEP adherence, controlling for relevant covariates. Over time, greater PrEP adherence was contemporaneously associated with both a higher likelihood of engaging in any CAI and with a greater number of CAI acts. Substance use was also associated with a higher likelihood of engaging in CAI. Contemporaneous associations between self-reported PrEP adherence and CAI suggest that adherence behaviors may be motivated by the desire to mitigate risk of HIV infection; however, exact directionality is unknown.

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7089b04hTest

المؤلفون: Perfetti Thomas A., Dube Michael F., Coleman William M.

المصدر: Contributions to Tobacco and Nicotine Research, Vol 31, Iss 3, Pp 175-185 (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Science

الوصف: During the last 35 years technologies and hardware for the separation of enantiomers have advanced tremendously. Today, complete resolution of the enantiomers of nicotine and related compounds can effectively be attained within a few seconds and most often less than 10 minutes. In some unique cases, enantiomeric separation for nicotine-related compounds having a wide variety of functional groups has been demonstrated. Particularly, the successful wedding of short HPLC and SFC columns containing very small particle size materials bonded to chiral stationary phase materials coupled with information-rich detectors like electrospray ionization mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry has facilitated this remarkable transition. Taken collectively the HPLC and SFC technologies will allow for very rapid (seconds), reliable, and reproducible (% RSD routinely < 5%) for nicotine and related alkaloid enantiomers.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2719-9509Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/4d6dfaa0364c428fa546af90ff811070Test

المؤلفون: Hassan, Adiba, Wertheim, Joel O, Blumenthal, Jill S, Ellorin, Eric, Dube, Michael P, Corado, Katya, Moore, David J, Morris, Sheldon R

المصدر: Medicine. 98(50)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Pediatric, Sexual and Gender Minorities (SGM/LGBT*), Clinical Research, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Pediatric AIDS, Infectious Diseases, HIV/AIDS, Prevention, Behavioral and Social Science, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Anti-HIV Agents, Follow-Up Studies, HIV Infections, Homosexuality, Male, Humans, Incidence, Male, Medication Adherence, Primary Prevention, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Sexual Behavior, Sexual Partners, Transgender Persons, United States, female to male, HIV risk factors, male to female, men who have sex with men, PrEP, transgender, Arthritis & Rheumatology, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Clinical sciences

الوصف: Transgender people continue to be at high-risk for HIV acquisition, but little is known about the characteristics of their sexual partners. To address this gap, we examined sociodemographic and sexual characteristics of cisgender men who have sex with men (MSM) on pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) reporting transgender sexual partners.A cohort of 392 MSM in southern California in a randomized clinical trial for PrEP adherence were followed from 2013 to 2016. Multivariable generalized estimating equation and logistic models identified characteristics of MSM reporting transgender sexual partners and PrEP adherence.Only 14 (4%) MSM reported having transgender sexual partners. MSM were more likely to report transgender partners if they were African American, had incident chlamydia, reported injection drug-using sexual partners, or received items for sex. Most associations remained significant in the multivariable model: African American (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 11.20, P = .01), incident chlamydia (AOR 3.71, P = .04), and receiving items for sex (AOR 5.29, P = .04). There were no significant differences in PrEP adherence between MSM reporting transgender partners and their counterpart.MSM who report transgender sexual partners share characteristics associated with individuals with high HIV prevalence. Identifying this group distinct from larger cohorts of MSM could offer new HIV prevention opportunities for this group of MSM and the transgender community.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5t17x8kxTest

المؤلفون: Blumenthal, Jill, Moore, David J, Jain, Sonia, Sun, Xiaoying, Ellorin, Eric, Corado, Katya, Hoenigl, Martin, Dube, Michael, Haubrich, Richard, Morris, Sheldon R

المصدر: AIDS Patient Care and STDs. 33(5)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Public Health, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Health Sciences, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Mental Health, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Sexual and Gender Minorities (SGM/LGBT*), Behavioral and Social Science, HIV/AIDS, Infectious Diseases, Clinical Research, Prevention, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Anti-HIV Agents, Female, HIV Infections, Homosexuality, Male, Humans, Male, Medication Adherence, Middle Aged, Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis, Risk-Taking, Sexual Partners, Tenofovir, Young Adult, HIV prevention, pre-exposure prophylaxis, HIV risk, partnerships, men who have sex with men, medication adherence, Public Health and Health Services, Virology, Clinical sciences, Public health

الوصف: Men who have sex with men (MSM) reporting higher HIV risk behavior over time are often more adherent to pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), but it is unclear if recent risk behavior and partnership type affect long-term PrEP adherence. HIV-negative MSM and transgender women completing the 48-week randomized study TAPIR (Daily Text Messages to Support Adherence to PrEP in At-Risk for HIV Individuals) were included. At baseline and weeks 24 and 48, a modified Calculated Risk (mCalcR) Score estimated the likelihood of HIV seroconversion over 1 year based on reported condomless anal sex acts in the last month and current sexually transmitted infection. mCalcR scores were categorized as low, moderate, and high/very high risk. Partnership type was classified as no partner/single HIV-negative partner (no/single-), single HIV-positive partner (single+), or multiple partners of any serostatus (multi) in the past 3 months. PrEP adherence was measured by intracellular tenofovir-diphosphate (TFV-DP) levels. Among 313 individuals, there was no difference in mCalcR category from baseline to week 48. There was a significant change in partnership type, with no/single partnerships increasing from 0.5% to 9%. Participants with moderate and high/very risk had higher TFV-DP levels than the low-risk group. No/single participants had lower TFV-DP levels than those reporting single+ or multi. Although there was a shift toward lower-risk partnerships, HIV risk category remained stable over time. Individuals with riskier behaviors and partnerships had higher PrEP drug levels, suggesting continued motivation for and adherence to PrEP.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/85s90284Test

المؤلفون: Hassan, Adiba, Blumenthal, Jill S, Dube, Michael P, Ellorin, Eric, Corado, Katya, Moore, David J, Morris, Sheldon R

المصدر: Sexually Transmitted Infections. 94(7)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Public Health, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Health Sciences, Infectious Diseases, Sexual and Gender Minorities (SGM/LGBT*), Behavioral and Social Science, HIV/AIDS, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Prevention, Clinical Research, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Chlamydia, Chlamydia Infections, Cohort Studies, Enema, Gonorrhea, HIV Infections, Homosexuality, Male, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis, Rectal Diseases, Rectum, Risk-Taking, Sexual Behavior, Sexual Partners, Therapeutic Irrigation, Young Adult, chlamydia infection, gonorrhoea, sexual behaviour, Medical Microbiology, Public Health and Health Services, Clinical sciences, Public health

الوصف: ObjectivesRectal douching/enema (RD) is a common practice among men who have sex with men (MSM) in preparation for sex. RD can break down the rectal mucosal barrier and potentially affect the rectal microbiome. The objective of this study was to understand if RD is associated with acquiring rectal infections (RI) with rectal gonorrhoea (NG) and/or chlamydia (CT).MethodsFrom 2013 to 2015, 395 adult HIV-uninfected MSM were enrolled in a randomised controlled study for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) adherence with routine sexual risk survey and testing. Using data from this cohort, baseline differences by RI were assessed using Pearson's χ² and Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test. Association between RD and RI was modelled using multivariable logistic regression adjusted for potential confounders (sexual behaviour, substance use and age) selected a priori. Effect modification by number of male partners and sensitivity analysis to rule out reverse causality were also conducted.ResultsOf 395 participants, 261 (66%) performed RD and 133 (33%) had at least one NG/CT RI over 48 weeks. Number of condomless anal receptive sex (med: 4, p

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4160k5vmTest

المؤلفون: Pasipanodya, Elizabeth C, Jain, Sonia, Sun, Xiaoying, Blumenthal, Jill, Ellorin, Eric, Corado, Katya, Dube, Michael P, Daar, Eric S, Morris, Sheldon R, Moore, David J, Team, California Collaborative Treatment Group TAPIR Study

المصدر: The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 218(10)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Prevention, Clinical Research, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Management of diseases and conditions, 7.1 Individual care needs, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, HIV Infections, Homosexuality, Male, Humans, Male, Medication Adherence, Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis, Text Messaging, Young Adult, PrEP, adherence, HIV, MSM, growth mixture modeling, text messaging, California Collaborative Treatment Group (CCTG) TAPIR Study Team, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Microbiology, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences

الوصف: BackgroundAdherence is necessary for efficacy of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP), and text-messaging methods are promising tools for both adherence assessment and support. Although PrEP adherence is variable, little research has examined patterns of variability or factors associated with longitudinal use.MethodsIn the context of a randomized controlled trial of text-messaging versus standard of care for PrEP adherence, 181 men who have sex with men received once-daily tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine and daily adherence texts for 48 weeks. Growth mixture modeling (GMM) was used to identify subgroups of individuals with similar trajectories of text-reported adherence. Between-group differences in pharmacologic measures of adherence (ie, tenofovir diphosphate and emtricitabine triphosphate levels), as well as predictors and study-end attitudes associated with group membership, were examined.ResultsGMM identified 4 trajectories of text-reported adherence. Classes with higher text-reported adherence had higher drug concentrations. Younger age and minority race were associated with lower adherence, and individuals in classes with lower adherence had greater baseline levels of depression, substance use concerns, and sexual risk. Differences in study satisfaction were also associated with adherence.ConclusionsThis study supports the use of text-reported PrEP adherence. Identifying factors associated with less-than-optimal adherence may aid clinicians in anticipating at-risk patients requiring augmented intervention.Clinical trials registrationNCT01761643.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7z3721v1Test