المؤلفون: Abbafati C., Machado D.B., Cislaghi B., Salman O.M., Karanikolos M., McKee M., Abbas K.M., Brady O.J., Larson H.J., Trias-Llimós S., Cummins S., Langan S.M., Sartorius B., Hafiz A., Jenabi E., Mohammad Gholi Mezerji N., Borzouei S., Azarian G., Khazaei S., Abbasi M., Asghari B., Masoumi S., Komaki H., Taherkhani A., Adabi M., Abbasifard M., Bazmandegan G., Kamiab Z., Vakilian A., Anjomshoa M., Mokari A., Sabour S., Shahbaz M., Saeedi R., Ahmadieh H., Yousefinezhadi T., Haj-Mirzaian A., Nikbakhsh R., Safi S., Asgari S., Irvani S.N., Jahanmehr N., Ramezanzadeh K., Abbasi-Kangevari M., Khayamzadeh M., Abbastabar H., Shirkoohi R., Fazlzadeh M., Janjani H., Hosseini M., Mansournia M., Tohidinik H., Bakhtiari A., Fazaeli A., Mousavi S., Hasanzadeh A., Nabavizadeh B., Malekzadeh R., Hashemian M., Pourshams A., Salimzadeh H., Sepanlou S.G., Afarideh M., Esteghamati A., Esteghamati S., Ghajar A., Heidari B., Rezaei N., Mohamadi E., Rahimi-Movaghar A., Ebrahimi H., Rahim F., Eskandarieh S., Sahraian M., Mohebi F., Aminorroaya A., Farzadfar F., Mohajer B., Pishgar F., Saeedi Moghaddam S., Shabani M., Zarafshan H., Abolhassani H., Hafezi-Nejad N., Heidari-Soureshjani R., Abdollahi M., Farahmand M., Salamati P., Mehrabi Nasab E., Tajdini M., Aghamir S., Mirzaei R., Dibaji Forooshani Z., Khater M.M., Abd-Allah F., Abdelalim A., Abualhasan A., El-Jaafary S.I., Hassan A., Elsharkawy A., Khater A.M., Elhabashy H.R., Salem M.R.R., Salem H., Sadeghi M., Jafarinia M., Amini-Rarani M., Mohammadifard N., Sarrafzadegan N., Abdollahpour I., Sarveazad A., Tehrani-Banihashemi A., Yoosefi Lebni J., Manafi N., Pazoki Toroudi H., Dorostkar F., Alipour V., Sheikhtaheri A., Arabloo J., Azari S., Ghashghaee A., Rezapour A., Naserbakht M., Kabir A., Mehri F., Yousefifard M., Asadi-Aliabadi M., Babaee E., Eshrati B., Goharinezhad S., Moradi-Lakeh M., Abedi P., Rashedi V., Kumar V., Elgendy I.Y., Basu S., Park J., Pereira A., Norheim O.F., Eagan A.W., Cahill L.E., Sheikh A., Abushouk A.I., Kraemer M.U.G., Thakur B., Bärnighausen T.W., Shrime M.G., Abedi A., Doshi C.P., Abegaz K.H., Geberemariyam B.S., Aynalem Y.A., Shiferaw W.S., Abosetugn A.E., Aboyans V., Abrams E.M., Gitimoghaddam M., Kissoon N., Stubbs J.L., Brauer M., Iyamu I.O., Kopec J.A., Pourmalek F., Ribeiro A.P., Malta D.C., Gomez R.S., Abreu L.G., Abrigo M.R.M., Almulhim A.M., Dahlawi S.M.A., Pottoo F.H., Menezes R.G., Alanzi T.M., Alumran A.K., Abu Haimed A.K., Madadin M., Alanezi F.M., Abu-Gharbieh E., Saddik B., Abu-Raddad L.J., Samy A.M., El Nahas N., Shalash A.S., Nabhan A.F., Kamath A.M., Kassebaum N.J., Aravkin A.Y., Kochhar S., Sorensen R.J.D., Afshin A., Burkart K., Cromwell E.A., Dandona L., Dharmaratne S.D., Gakidou E., Hay S.I., Kyu H.H., Lopez A.D., Lozano R., Misganaw A.T., Mokdad A.H., Naghavi M., Pigott D.M., Reiner R.C., Roth G.A., Stanaway J.D., Vollset S., Vos T., Wang H., Lim S.S., Murray C.J.L., Kalani R., Ikuta K.S., Cho D.Y., Kneib C.J., Crowe C.S., Massenburg B.B., Morrison S.D., Acebedo A., Adelson J.D., Agesa K.M., Alam T., Albertson S.B., Anderson J.A., Antony C.M., Ashbaugh C., Assmus M., Azhar G., Balassyano S., Bannick M.S., Barthelemy C.M., Bender R.G., Bennitt F.B., Bertolacci G.J., Biehl M.H., Bisignano C., Boon-Dooley A.S., Briant P.S., Bryazka D., Bumgarner B.R., Callender C.S., Cao J., Castle C.D., Castro E., Causey K., Cercy K.M., Chalek J., Charlson F.J., Cohen A.J., Comfort H., Compton K., Croneberger A.J., Cruz J.A., Cunningham M., Dandona R., Dangel W.J., Dean F.E., DeCleene N.K., Deen A., Degenhardt L., Dingels Z.V., Dippenaar I.N., Dirac M.A., Dolgert A.J., Emmons-Bell S., Estep K., Farag T., Feigin V.L., Feldman R., Ferrara G., Ferrari A.J., Fitzgerald R., Force L.M., Fox J.T., Frank T.D., Fu W., Fukutaki K., Fuller J.E., Fullman N., Galles N.C., Gardner W.M., Gershberg Hayoon A., Goren E., Gorman T.M., Gottlich H.C., Guo G., Haddock B., Hagins H., Haile L.M., Hamilton E.B., Han C., Han H., Harvey J.D., Henny K., Henrikson H.J., Henry N.J., Herbert M.E., Hsiao T., Huynh C.K., Iannucci V.C., Ippolito H., Irvine C.M.S., Jafari H., Jahagirdar D., James S.L., Johnson C.O., Johnson S.C., Keller C., Kemmer L., Kendrick P.J., Knight M., Kocarnik J.M., Krohn K.J., Larson S.L., Lau K.M., Ledesma J.R., Leever A.T., LeGrand K.E., Lescinsky H., Lin C., Liu H., Liu Z., Lo J., Lu A., Ma J., Maddison E.R., Manguerra H., Marks A., Martopullo I., Mastrogiacomo C.I., May E.A., Mooney M.D., Mosser J.F., Mullany E.C., Mumford J., Munro S.B., Nandakumar V., Nguyen J., Nguyen M., Nichols E., Nixon M.R., Odell C.M., Ong K.L., Orji A.U., Ostroff S.M., Pasovic M., Paulson K.R., Pease S.A., Pennini A., Pierce M., Pilz T.M., Pletcher M., Rao P.C., Razo C., Redford S.B., Reinig N., Reitsma M.B., Rhinehart P., Robalik T., Roberts S., Roberts N.L.S., Rolfe S., Sbarra A.N., Schaeffer L.E., Shackelford K.A., Shadid J., Sharara F., Shaw D.H., Sheena B.S., Simpson K.E., Smith A., Spencer C.N., Spurlock E.E., Stark B.A., Steiner C., Steuben K.M., Sylte D.O., Tang M., Taylor H.J., Terrason S., Thomson A.M., Torre A.E., Travillian R., Troeger C.E., Vongpradith A., Walters M.K., Wang J., Watson A., Watson S., Whisnant J.L., Whiteford H.A., Wiens K.E., Wilner L.B., Wilson S., Wool E.E., Wozniak S.S., Wu J., Wulf Hanson S., Wunrow H., Xu R., Yadgir S., Yearwood J.A., York H.W., Yuan C., Zhao J.T., Zheng P., Zimsen S.R.M., Zlavog B.S., Chang A.Y., Oren E., Buchbinder R., Chin K.L., Guo Y., Polkinghorne K.R., Thrift A.G., Lee S.W.H., Ackerman I.N., Cicuttini F.M., Li S., Zaman S., Suleria H., Zhang J., Cowie B.C., Wijeratne T., Patton G.C., Sawyer S.M., Adair T., Meretoja A., Adetokunboh O.O., Adamu A.A., Iwu C.J., Parry C.D.H., Seedat S., Ndwandwe D.E., Mahasha P.W., Stein D.J., Nnaji C.A., Sambala E.Z., Wiysonge C.S., Adebayo O.M., Ilesanmi O.S., Owolabi M.O., Adeoye A.M., Adedeji I.A., Adekanmbi V., Ibitoye S.E., John-Akinola Y.O., Oluwasanu M.M., Oghenetega O.B., Akinyemi R.O., Zandian H., Adham D., Zahirian Moghadam T., Advani S.M., Teagle W.L., Braithwaite D., Agasthi P., Saadatagah S., Afshari M., Agardh E.E., Allebeck P., Danielsson A., Deuba K., Carrero J.J., Mohammad D.K., Fereshtehnejad S., Ärnlöv J., Nowak C., Cederroth C.R., Ahmadi A., Pathak A., Mills E.J., Kurmi O.P., Olagunju A.T., Agarwal G., Sathish T., Aghaali M., Mohammadbeigi A., Agrawal A., Ahmad T., Ahmadi K., Maleki S., Naderi M., Salahshoor M.R., Pourmirza Kalhori R., Almasi A., Salimi Y., Siabani S., Ziapour A., Barzegar A., Khazaie H., Kianipour N., Amiri F., Salehi Zahabi S., Mirzaei M., Shamsi M., Najafi F., Jalali A., Ghadiri K., Heydarpour F., Moradi M., Fattahi N., Karami Matin B., Kazemi Karyani A., Pirsaheb M., Rajati F., Sadeghi E., Safari Y., Sharafi K., Soltani S., Vasseghian Y., Atafar Z., Jalilian F., Mirzaei-Alavijeh M., Saeidi S., Soofi M., Zangeneh A., Mansouri B., Ahmadi M., Khafaie M.A., Safiri S., Moghadaszadeh M., Asghari Jafarabadi M., Doshmangir L., Jadidi-Niaragh F., Ghafourifard M., Spotin A., Khodayari M., Samadi Kafil H., Kalankesh L.R., Ahmadpour E., Yousefi B., Ansari F., Hassankhani H., Karimi S., Haririan H., Mereta S., Ahmed M.B., Feyissa G.T., Ciobanu L.G., Aji B., Aynalem G.L., Gebresillassie B., Tefera Y.G., Akalu T.Y., Baraki A.G., Tesema G.A., Tessema Z.T., Tamiru A.T., Azene Z.N., Netsere H.B., Yano Y., Akinyemiju T., Wu C., Zadey S., Samad Z., Ji J.S., Doshi P.P., John O., Jha V., Maulik P.K., Pesudovs K., Resnikoff S., Mitchell P.B., Sachdev P.S., Akombi B., Godinho M.A., Ivers R.Q., Peden A.E., Biswas R., Boufous S., Akunna C.J., Alahdab F., Hammer M.S., van Donkelaar A., Al-Aly Z., Dellavalle R.P., Alam S., Martin R.V., Alam N., De Leo D., Tadakamadla S.K., Alam K., Alcalde-Rabanal J.E., Avila-Burgos L., Serván-Mori E., Denova-Gutiérrez E., Rodríguez-Ramírez S., Morales L., Poznańska A., Wojtyniak B., Rivera J.A., Campos-Nonato I.R., Campuzano Rincon J., Sánchez-Pimienta T.G., Mengesha M.B., Welay F.T., Alema N.M., Demsie D.G., Teame H., Teklehaimanot B.F., Alemu B.W., Gultie T., Bante A.B., Yeshitila Y.G., Geramo Y.C.D., Glagn M., Sorrie M.B., W/hawariat F.G., Amare A., Kasa A., Alemu Y., Mihretie K.M., Atnafu D.D., Demeke F.M., Melese A., Bante S.A., Dessie G.A., Mengesha E.W., Nigatu D., Almadi M.A.H., Alhabib K.F., Mohammad Y., Altirkawi K.A., Temsah M., Kugbey N., Ayanore M.A., Alhassan R.K., Ali M., Ali S., Alicandro G., Kalhor R., Alijanzadeh M., Alinia C., Yusefzadeh H., Didarloo A., Alizade H., Nikpoor A., Aljunid S.M., Alla F., Leal L.F., Almasi-Hashiani A., Moradzadeh R., Zamanian M., Nazari J., Amini S., Ghamari F., Almasri N.A., Khan M., Al-Mekhlafi H.M., Bedi N., Alonso J., Ciber E.S.P., Al-Raddadi R.M., Zakzuk J., Alvis-Guzman N., Alvis-Zakzuk N.J., Castañeda-Orjuela C.A., Malagón-Rojas J.N., Gezae K., Gesesew H.A., Muthupandian S., Gebremeskel G.G., Berhe K., Amare B., Ayza M.A., Gebremeskel L.G., Gebreslassie A.A.A., Bitew H., Zewdie K.A., Tela F.G.G., Gill T.K., Noubiap J., Lassi Z.S., Bhandari D., Amit A.L., Antonio C.T., Faraon E.A., Lopez J.F., Atre S.R., Ballew S.H., Matsushita K., Khoja A.T., Daneshpajouhnejad P., Ghadimi M., Shafaat O., Fanzo J., Amugsi D.A., Amul G.H., Koh D.S.Q., Venketasubramanian N., Anbesu E.W., Mohammed J.A., Wondmeneh T.G., Andrei C., Negoi R.I., Davitoiu D.V., Manda A., Negoi I., Preotescu L., Hostiuc M., Hostiuc S., Ancuceanu R., Hasan M., Leung J., Anderlini D., Mamun A.A., Maravilla J.C., McGrath J.J., Lalloo R., Uddin R., Erskine H.E., Knibbs L.D., Mantilla Herrera A.M., Santomauro D.F., Mirica A., Ausloos M., Herteliu C., Oţoiu A., Pana A., Andrei T., Ştefan S., Androudi S., Angus C., Ansari I., Pourjafar H., Shams-Beyranvand M., Ansari-Moghaddam A., Khammarnia M., Antonazzo I., Ferrara P., Conti S., Cortesi P.A., Fornari C., Lee P.H., Antriyandarti E., Yousefi Z., Rafiei A., Javidnia J., Faridnia R., Anvari D., Goudarzian A., Moosazadeh M., Rezai M., Daryani A., Fareed M., Anwer R., Appiah S., Paudel D., Dichgans M., Riahi S., Rajabpour-Sanati A., Arab-Zozani M., Arba A.A.K., Aremu O., Ariani F., Aripov T., Armoon B., Mahdavi M.M., Arowosegbe O.O., Tediosi F., Aryal K.K., Mosapour A., Yaminfirooz M., Arzani A., Bijani A., Jahani M.A., Mouodi S., Zamani M., Asaad M., Dianatinasab M., Bahrami M., Pakshir K., Asadi-Pooya A.A., Bayati M., Shahabi S., Athari S., Atout M.M.W., Atteraya M.S., Brugha T., Ausloos F., Avokpaho E.F.G., Room R., Islam M., Edvardsson D., Rahman M., Ayala Quintanilla B., Gething P.W., Briggs A.M., Ayano G., Hendrie D., Miller T.R., Azzopardi P.S., Hoogar P., B D.B., Kulkarni V., Kumar N., Mithra P., Shetty R.S., Thapar R., Padubidri J., Bakkannavar S.M., Nayak V.C., Rastogi P., Shetty B.K., Bhageerathy R., Gudi N., Boloor A., Holla R., Rathi P., Unnikrishnan B., Janodia M.D., Lang J.J., Badawi A., Orpana H.M., Bhutta Z.A., Shield K.D., Chattu V., Badiye A.D., Kapoor N., Bagherzadeh M., Rabiee N., Bagli E., Baig A.A., Bairwa M., Lodha R., Sagar R., Rath G.K., Bhardwaj P., Charan J., Kanchan T., Joshi A., Pakhare A.P., Bakhshaei M., Naghshtabrizi B., Balachandran A., Hoek H.W., Postma M.J., Geremew A., Gebrehiwot A.M., Balakrishnan S., Desalew A., Bojia H.A., Mohammed A.S., Regassa L.D., Parmar P.G.K., Balalla S., Baldasseroni A., Stokes M.A., Ball K., Islam S., Maddison R., Balzi D., Levi M., Banach M., Banerjee S.K., Banik P.C., Barua L., Faruque M., Barboza M.A., Barker-Collo S.L., Jonas J.B., Panda-Jonas S., De Neve J., Kohler S., Moazen B., Mohammed S., Barrero L.H., Basaleem H., Bassat Q., Haro J.M., Koyanagi A., Car J., Greaves F., Majeed A., Davis A.C., Steiner T.J., Kusuma D., Palladino R., Rawaf S., Saxena S., Rawaf D.L., Baune B.T., Karch A., Baye B.A., Darega Gela J., Kolola T., Becker J.S., DeLang M., West J., Gad M.M., Serre M.L., Gallus S., Lugo A., Beghi E., Pupillo E., Bosetti C., Giussani G., Bikbov B., Perico N., Remuzzi G., Imani-Nasab M., Nouraei Motlagh S., Sharafi Z., Behzadifar M., Béjot Y., Bekuma T.T., Yilma M.T., Bell M.L., Bello A.K., Rafiee A., Keddie S.H., Lucas T.C.D., Dolecek C., Dunachie S.J., Rumisha S.F., Weiss D.J., Lewington S., Collins E.L., Nandi A.K., Zhao Y., Bennett D.A., Karim M.A., Lacey B., Khundkar R., Yaya S., Goulart A.C., Santos I.S., Bensenor I.M., Lotufo P.A., Tovani-Palone M.R., Castaldelli-Maia J., Wang Y., Furtado J.M., Benziger C.P., Berman A.E., Mazidi M., Bernabe E., Dargan P.I., Molokhia M., Shibuya K., Douiri A., Wolfe C.D.A., Hay R.J., Flohr C., Suchdev P.S., Ram P., Bernstein R.S., Liu Y., Bhagavathula A.S., Khan G., Grivna M., Bhala N., Chandan J.S., Gaidhane A.M., Quazi Syed Z., Saxena D., Khatib M., Bhat A.G., Bhattacharyya K., Bhattarai S., Das J.K., Bibi S., Bilano V., Bin Sayeed M., Cherbuin N., D'Amico E., Grosso G., Borzì A.M., Biondi A., Vacante M., Valli A., Birihane B.M., Bisanzio D., Hassan S., Bjørge T., Øverland S., Bockarie M.J., Mensah G.A., Sliwa K., Gholamian A., Bohlouli S., Esmaeilnejad S., Bohluli M., Bolla S.R., Borges G., Bose D., Bourne R., Brayne C., Breitborde N.J.K., Fisher J.L., Breitner S., Brenner H., Breusov A.V., Rakovac I., Briko N.I., Lopukhov P.D., Glushkova E.V., Korshunov V.A., Polibin R.V., Jakovljevic M., Briko A.N., Britton G.B., Castro F., Moreno Velásquez I., Burnett R.T., Burugina Nagaraja S., Busse R., Butt Z.A., Caetano dos Santos F., Cai T., Hall B.J., Cahuana-Hurtado L., Cámera L.A., Valdez P.R., Tudor Car L., Cárdenas R., Gorini G., Carreras G., Fernandes E., Freitas M., Pereira D.M., Santos J.V., Ribeiro D., Pinheiro M., Massano J., das Neves J., Dias da Silva D., Carvalho F., Costa V.M., Silva J.P., Morgado-da-Costa J., Castelpietra G., Catalá-López F., Pakhale S., Cerin E., Yip P., Ho H., Chang J., Chang A.R., Chang K., Cooper O.R., Chaturvedi S., Chimed-Ochir O., Chirinos-Caceres J.L., Choi J.J., Christensen H., Truelsen T.C., Chu D., Kivimäki M., Chung S., Kumar M., Ward J.L., Chung M.T., Cirillo M., Virclo R., Classen T.K.D., Lauriola P., Corso B., Hugo F.N., Kieling C., Cousin E., Duncan B.B., Goulart B.N.G., Schmidt M.I., Stein C., Cowden R.G., MacLachlan J.H., Leigh J., Cross M., Ferreira M.L., Smith E.U.R., Driscoll T.R., Huda T.M., Hoy D.G., Horita N., Cross D.H., Dai H., Hu G., Damasceno A.A.M., Damiani G., La Vecchia C., Sanabria J., Pandey A., Mathur M.R., Zodpey S., Kumar G., Lal D.K., Hamagharib Abdullah K., Hosseinzadeh M., Darwesh A.M., Faraj A., Omar Bali A., Das Gupta R., Dash A.P., Davey G., Deribe K., Gebremedhin K.B., Wondmieneh A.B., Dereje N.D., Dávila-Cervantes C.A., Davletov K., Mereke A., Serdar B., Haile T.G., Tadesse D.B., Weldesamuel G.T., Demoz G.T., Woldu G., Handiso D., Dervenis N., Topouzis F., Desai R., Dhungana G.P., Emamian M., Diaz D., Djalalinia S., Nguyen T.H., Vu G.T., Do H.T., Dokova K., Doku D.T., Neupane S., Takala J.S., Doxey M.C., Doyle K.E., Renzaho A.M.N., Ogbo F.A., Robinson S.R., Vukovic A., Ilic I.M., Santric-Milicevic M.M., Vujcic I.S., Dubljanin E., Vukovic R., Rasella D., Duraes A.R., Ebrahimi Kalan M., Effiong A., Pond C.D., Ehrlich J.R., Liu X., Wei M.Y.W., El Sayed I., El Tantawi M., El Sayed Zaki M., Elbarazi I., Tsai A.C., Elyazar I.R., Yazdi-Feyzabadi V., Eskandari K., Sharifi H., Halvaei I., Ghaffarifar F., Zaki L., Hasanpoor E., Esmaeilzadeh F., Etemadi A., Lan Q., Yeheyis T.Y., Etisso A.E., Ezekannagha O., e Farinha C.S., Farioli A., Violante F.S., Faris P.S., Faro A., Lam J.O., Filip I., Fischer F., Flor L.S., Foigt N.A., Folayan M.O., Fomenkov A.A., Foroutan M., Francis J.M., Franklin R.C., Fukumoto T., Gamkrelidze A., Kereselidze M., Garcia-Basteiro A.L., Lazarus J.V., Straif K., Ghiasvand H., Ghith N., Norrving B., Mehta K.M., Mohamad O., Salama J.S., Ghosh R., Giampaoli S., Gilani S., Hameed S., Hanif A., Rana S.M., Uthman O.A., Gill P.S., Gillum R.F., Ginawi I.A., Ginindza T.G., Tlou B., Tanser F.C., Gnedovskaya E.V., Kravchenko M.A., Piradov M.A., Golechha M., Goli S., Milne G.J., Schlaich M.P., Hankey G.J., Gona P.N., Gopalani S.V., Goudarzi H., Rawassizadeh R., Grada A., Nsoesie E.O., Javaheri T., Steel N., Gubari M.I.M., Gugnani H.C., Guimaraes A.L.S., Guimarães R.A., Guled R.A., Senbeta A.M., Hashi A., Omer M.O., Yousuf A.Y., Gupta S.S., Gupta T., Gupta R., Haagsma J.A., Polinder S., Hachinski V., Stranges S., Hamadeh R.R., Hamidi S., Tabarés-Seisdedos R., Tyrovolas S., Hasaballah A.I., Hassanipour S., Joukar F., Mansour-Ghanaei F., Jaafari J., Havmoeller R.J., Hayat K., Heibati B., Heidari G., Henok A., Hird T.R., Moraga P., Sigfusdottir I.D., Phillips M.R., Hole M.K., Hollingsworth B., Hopf K.P., Hosgood H., Hossain N., Mai H.T., Nguyen C.T., Nguyen D.N., Nguyen H.L.T., Pham H.Q., Househ M., Hsairi M., Lin R., Hsieh V., Hwang B., Hu K., Humayun A., Hussain R., Ibeneme C.U., Ikeda N., Ilic M.D., Inbaraj L.R., Iqbal U., Islami F., Yamagishi K., Iso H., Iwu C.C.D., Jacobsen K.H., Jayatilleke A.U., Jeemon P., Jha R.P., Jia P., Osei F.B., Schutte A.E., Johansson L., Szócska M., Joo T., Jozwiak J.J., Jürisson M., Kabir Z., Roshandel G., Oladnabi M., Kalani H., Kassa G.M., Katikireddi S.V., Yamada T., Nomura S., Kawakami N., Kayode G.A., Kromhout H., Traini E., Keiyoro P.N., Muriithi M.K., Wamai R.G., Khader Y.S., Khalid N., Khan E.A., Khang Y., Khatab K., Khubchandani J., Kim Y., Yoon S., Shin M., Kim C., Kim D., Kimokoti R.W., Kinfu Y., Kisa S., Kisa A., Kissimova-Skarbek K., Topor-Madry R., Lallukka T., Meretoja T.J., Shivakumar K.M., Knudsen A.S., Sulo G., Kosen S., Kotlo A., Koul P.A., Krishan K., KS S., Kuate Defo B., Kucuk Bicer B., Yuce D., Rawat R., Meitei W.B., Kumar P., Singh P., Kumaresh G., Lami F.H., Landires I., Nunez-Samudio V., Landires, Lansingh V.C., Lansky S., Larsson A.O., Lasrado S., Lavados P.M., Leasher J.L., Leonardi M., Raggi A., Sattin PsyD, S Schiavolin D., Li B., Lim L., Takahashi K., Linehan C., Linn S., Shuval K., Listl S., Zhou M., Liu S., Logroscino G., Looker K.J., Lorkowski S., Lunevicius R., Lyons R.A., Madotto F., Magdy Abd El Razek H., Magdy Abd El Razek M., Mahmoudi M., Maled V., Moradi G., Maleki A., Manafi A., Mapoma C., Martini S., Martins-Melo F.R., Masaka A., McAlinden C., Momen N.C., Plana-Ripoll O., Medina-Solís C.E., Meharie B., Mehndiratta M., Mehrotra R., Suliankatchi Abdulkader R., Mekonnen T., Memiah P.T.N., Wallin M.T., Memish Z.A., Mendoza W., Mestrovic T., Miazgowski B., Miazgowski T., Michalek I., Mini G., Miri M., Mirrakhimov E.M., Mirzaei H., Mohammadian-Hafshejani A., Mohammadpourhodki R., Sahebkar A., Mohammed H., Sufiyan M.B., Mohseni Bandpei M.A., Monasta L., Ronfani L., Mondello S., Moradi-Joo M., Morawska L., Mousavi Khaneghah A., Westerman R., Werdecker A., Mueller U.O., Mukhopadhyay S., Musa K., Mustafa G., Nagarajan A.J., Nagel G., Rothenbacher D., Naik G., Schwebel D.C., Singh J.A., Naimzada M., Otstavnov N., Otstavnov S.S., Soshnikov S., Titova M.V., Nair S., Naldi L., Nangia V., Nansseu J., Sobngwi E., Nguefack-Tsague G., Ndejjo R., Ngari K.N., Ngunjiri J.W., Nigatu Y.T., Oancea B., Oh I., Okunga E.W., Olusanya J.O., Olusanya B.O., Ong S., Onwujekwe O.E., Ortega-Altamirano D.V., Ortiz A., Soriano J.B., Osarenotor O., Ostojic S.M., Vlassov V., Pa M., Pangaribuan H.U., Park E., Pasupula D., Patel J.R., Patel S.K., Paternina-Caicedo A.J., Pathak M., Patten S.B., Tonelli M., Weintraub R.G., Paudel S., Pepito V.F., Thurston G.D., Peprah E.K., Pereira J., Pescarini J.M., Piccinelli C., Pilgrim T., Plass D., Pokhrel K.N., Prada S.I., Prakash V., Prakash S., Prasad N., Shigematsu M., Pribadi D.R.A., Sudaryanto A., Rabiee M., Radfar A., Ranabhat C.L., Ranta A., Ribeiro D.C., Rao S., Rawal L., Renjith V., Rickard J., Roever L., Romoli M., Rostamian M., Rubagotti E., Rwegerera G.M., Ullah S., Sajadi S., Salam N., Salomon J.A., Salz I., Saraswathy S.Y., Sarmiento-Suárez R., Sathian B., Savic M., Saylan M., Schwendicke F., Sekerija M., Senthilkumaran S., Sha F., Shaheen A.A., Shaikh M.A., Shamsizadeh M., Shannawaz M., Sharma R., Shin J., Shiri R., Sierpinski R., Sigurvinsdottir R., Silva D.A.S., Simonetti B., Singh A., Sinha D.N., Skiadaresi E., Skou S.T., Skryabin V.Y., Zastrozhin M.S., Soheili A., Sokhan A., Somefun O.D., Korotkova A.V., Soyiri I.N., Sreeramareddy C.T., Srinivasan V., Sripada K., Stovner L.J., Stockfelt L., Sultan I., Swope C.B., Vaicekonyte R., Sykes B.L., Szumowski L., Tabb K.M., Tabuchi T., Taddele B.W., Tahir Z., Tareque M.I., Tarigan I.U., Taveira N., Thankappan K.R., Thomas N., Varughese S., Touvier M., Tran B.X., Tsatsakis A., Vardavas C., Ullah I., Umeokonkwo C.D., Undurraga E.A., Upadhyay E., Vasankari T.J., Vasconcelos A.N., Veisani Y., Vidale S., Waheed Y., Wei J., Wang F., Zhao X.G., Yu C., Zhang Z., Weiss J., Wiangkham T., Wickramasinghe N.D., Wu A., Xie Y., Xu G., Yahyazadeh Jabbari S., Yilgwan C.S., Yonemoto N., Younis M.Z., Younker T.P., Yu Y., Zaidi S., Zhang Y., Zheleva B., Zhu C.

الوصف: © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 licenseBackground: Accurate and up-to-date assessment of demographic metrics is crucial for understanding a wide range of social, economic, and public health issues that affect populations worldwide. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 produced updated and comprehensive demographic assessments of the key indicators of fertility, mortality, migration, and population for 204 countries and territories and selected subnational locations from 1950 to 2019. Methods: 8078 country-years of vital registration and sample registration data, 938 surveys, 349 censuses, and 238 other sources were identified and used to estimate age-specific fertility. Spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression (ST-GPR) was used to generate age-specific fertility rates for 5-year age groups between ages 15 and 49 years. With extensions to age groups 10–14 and 50–54 years, the total fertility rate (TFR) was then aggregated using the estimated age-specific fertility between ages 10 and 54 years. 7417 sources were used for under-5 mortality estimation and 7355 for adult mortality. ST-GPR was used to synthesise data sources after correction for known biases. Adult mortality was measured as the probability of death between ages 15 and 60 years based on vital registration, sample registration, and sibling histories, and was also estimated using ST-GPR. HIV-free life tables were then estimated using estimates of under-5 and adult mortality rates using a relational model life table system created for GBD, which closely tracks observed age-specific mortality rates from complete vital registration when available. Independent estimates of HIV-specific mortality generated by an epidemiological analysis of HIV prevalence surveys and antenatal clinic serosurveillance and other sources were incorporated into the estimates in countries with large epidemics. Annual and single-year age estimates of net migration and ...

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: 1474547X 01406736; SCOPUS_ID:85092447915; https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736Test(20)30977-6; https://repositorio.uc.cl/handle/11534/78930Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736Test(20)30977-6
https://repositorio.uc.cl/handle/11534/78930Test

المؤلفون: Tran, K.B., Lang, J.J., Compton, K., Xu, R., Acheson, A.R., Henrikson, H.J., Kocarnik, J.M., Penberthy, L., Aali, A., Abbas, Q., Abbasi, B., Abbasi-Kangevari, M., Abbasi-Kangevari, Z., Abbastabar, H., Abdelmasseh, M., Abd-Elsalam, S., Abdelwahab, A.A., Abdoli, G., Abdulkadir, H.A., Abedi, A., Abegaz, K.H., Abidi, H., Aboagye, R.G., Abolhassani, H., Absalan, A., Abtew, Yo.D., Abubaker Ali, H., Abu-Gharbieh, E., Achappa, B., Acuna, J.M., Addison, D., Addo, I.Y., Adegboye, O.A., Adesina, M.A., Adnan, M., Adnani, Q.E.S., Advani, S.M., Afrin, S., Afzal, M.S., Aggarwal, M., Ahinkorah, B.O., Ahmad, A.R., Ahmad, R., Ahmad, S., Ahmadi, S., Ahmed, H., Ahmed, L.A., Ahmed, M.B., Ahmed Rashid, T., Aiman, W., Ajami, M., Akalu, G.T., Akbarzadeh-Khiavi, M., Aklilu, A., Akonde, M., Akunna, C.J., Al Hamad, H., Alahdab, F., Alanezi, F.M., Alanzi, T.M., Alessy, S.A., Algammal, A.M., Al-Hanawi, M.K., Alhassan, R.K., Ali, B.A., Ali, L., Ali, S.S., Alimohamadi, Y., Alipour, V., Aljunid, S.M., Alkhayyat, M., Al-Maweri, S.A.A., Almustanyir, S., Alonso, N., Alqalyoobi, S., Al-Raddadi, R.M., Al-Rifai, R.H.H., Al-Sabah, S.K., Al-Tammemi, A.B., Altawalah, H., Alvis-Guzman, N., Amare, F., Ameyaw, E.K., Aminian Dehkordi, J.J., Amirzade-Iranaq, M.H., Amu, H., Amusa, G.A., Ancuceanu, R., Anderson, J.A., Animut, Y.A., Anoushiravani, A., Anoushirvani, A.A., Ansari-Moghaddam, A., Ansha, M.G., Antony, B., Antwi, M.H., Anwar, S.L., Anwer, R., Anyasodor, A.E., Arabloo, J., Arab-Zozani, M., Aremu, O., Argaw, A.M., Ariffin, H., Aripov, T., Arshad, M., Artaman, A., Arulappan, J., Aruleba, R.T., Aryannejad, A., Asaad, M., Asemahagn, M.A., Asemi, Z., Asghari-Jafarabadi, M., Ashraf, T., Assadi, R., Athar, M., Athari, S.S., Atout, M.M.W., Attia, S., Aujayeb, A., Ausloos, M., Avila-Burgos, L., Awedew, A.F., Awoke, M.A., Awoke, T., Ayala Quintanilla, B.P., Ayana, T.M., Ayen, S.S., Azadi, D., Azadnajafabad, S., Azami-Aghdash, S., Azanaw, M.M., Azangou-Khyavy, M., Azari Jafari, A., Azizi, H., Azzam, A.Y.Y., Babajani, A., Badar, M., Badiye, A.D., Baghcheghi, N., Bagheri, N., Bagherieh, S., Bahadory, S., Baig, A.A., Baker, J.L., Bakhtiari, A., Bakshi, R.K., Banach, M., Banerjee, I., Bardhan, M., Barone-Adesi, F., Barra, F., Barrow, A., Bashir, N.Z., Bashiri, A., Basu, S., Batiha, A.M.M., Begum, A., Bekele, A.B., Belay, A.S., Belete, M.A., Belgaumi, U.I., Bell, A.W., Belo, L., Benzian, H., Berhie, A.Y., Bermudez, A.N.C., Bernabe, E., Bhagavathula, A.S., Bhala, N., Bhandari, B.B., Bhardwaj, N., Bhardwaj, P., Bhattacharyya, K., Bhojaraja, V.S., Bhuyan, S.S., Bibi, S., Bilchut, A.H., Bintoro, B.S., Biondi, A., Birega, M.G.B., Birhan, H.E., Bjørge, T., Blyuss, O., Bodicha, B.B.A., Bolla, S.R., Boloor, A., Bosetti, C., Braithwaite, D., Brauer, M., Brenner, H., Briko, A.N., Briko, N.I., Buchanan, C.M., Bulamu, N.B., Bustamante-Teixeira, M.T., Butt, M.H., Butt, N.S., Butt, Z.A., Caetano dos Santos, F.L., Cámera, L.A., Cao, C., Cao, Y., Carreras, G., Carvalho, M., Cembranel, F., Cerin, E., Chakraborty, P.A., Charalampous, P., Chattu, V.K., Chimed-Ochir, O., Chirinos-Caceres, J.L., Cho, D.Y., Cho, W.C.S., Christopher, D.J., Chu, D.T., Chukwu, I.S., Cohen, A.J., Conde, J., Cortés, S., Costa, V.M., Cruz-Martins, N., Culbreth, G.T., Dadras, O., Dagnaw, F.T., Dahlawi, S.M.A, Dai, X., Dandona, L., Dandona, R., Daneshpajouhnejad, P., Danielewicz, A., Dao, A.T.M., Darvishi Cheshmeh Soltani, R., Darwesh, A.M., Das, S., Davitoiu, D.V., Davtalab Esmaeili, E., De la Hoz, F.P., Debela, S.A., Dehghan, A., Demisse, B., Demisse, F.W., Denova-Gutiérrez, E., Derakhshani, A., Derbew Molla, M., Dereje, D., Deribe, K.S., Desai, R., Desalegn, M.D., Dessalegn, F.N., Dessalegni, S.A.A., Dessie, G., Desta, A.A., Dewan, S.M.R., Dharmaratne, S.D., Dhimal, M., Dianatinasab, M., Diao, N., Diaz, D., Digesa, L.E., Dixit, S.G., Doaei, S., Doan, L.P., Doku, P.N., Dongarwar, D., dos Santos, W.M., Driscoll, T.R., Dsouza, H.L., Durojaiye, O.C., Edalati, S., Eghbalian, F., Ehsani-Chimeh, E., Eini, E., Ekholuenetale, M., Ekundayo, T.C., Ekwueme, D.U., El Tantawi, M., Elbahnasawy, M.A., Elbarazi, I., Elghazaly, H., Elhadi, M., El-Huneidi, W., Emamian, M.H., Engelbert Bain, L., Enyew, D.B., Erkhembayar, R., Eshetu, T., Eshrati, B., Eskandarieh, S., Espinosa-Montero, J., Etaee, F., Etemadimanesh, A., Eyayu, T., Ezeonwumelu, I.J., Ezzikouri, S., Fagbamigbe, A.F., Fahimi, S., Fakhradiyev, I.R., Faraon, E.J.A., Fares, J., Farmany, A., Farooque, U., Farrokhpour, H., Fasanmi, A.O., Fatehizadeh, A., Fatima, W., Fattahi, H., Fekadu, G., Feleke, B.E., Ferrari, A.A., Ferrero, S., Ferro Desideri, L., Filip, I., Fischer, F., Foroumadi, R., Foroutan, M., Fukumoto, T., Gaal, P.A., Gad, M.M., Gadanya, M.A., Gaipov, A., Galehdar, N., Gallus, S., Garg, T., Gaspar Fonseca, M., Gebremariam, Y.H., Gebremeskel, T.G., Gebremichael, M.A., Geda, Y.F., Gela, Y.Y., Gemeda, B.N.B., Getachew, M., Getachew, M.E., Ghaffari, K., Ghafourifard, M., Ghamari, S.H., Ghasemi Nour, M., Ghassemi, F., Ghimire, A., Ghith, N., Gholamalizadeh, M., Gholizadeh Navashenaq, J., Ghozy, S., Gilani, S.A., Gill, P.S., Ginindza, T.G., Gizaw, A.T.T., Glasbey, J.C., Godos, J., Goel, A., Golechha, M., Goleij, P., Golinelli, D., Golitaleb, M., Gorini, G., Goulart, B.N.G., Grosso, G., Guadie, H.A., Gubari, M.I.M., Gudayu, T.W., Guerra, M.R., Gunawardane, D.A., Gupta, B., Gupta, S., Gupta, V.B., Gupta, V.K., Gurara, M.K., Guta, A., Habibzadeh, P., Haddadi Avval, A., Hafezi-Nejad, N., Hajj Ali, A., Haj-Mirzaian, A., Halboub, E.S., Halimi, A., Halwani, R., Hamadeh, R.R., Hameed, S., Hamidi, S., Hanif, A., Hariri, S., Harlianto, N.I., Haro, J.M., Hartono, R.K., Hasaballah, A.I., Hasan, S.M.M., Hasani, H., Hashemi, S.M., Hassan, A.M., Hassanipour, S., Hayat, K., Heidari, G., Heidari, M., Heidarymeybodi, Z., Herrera-Serna, B.Y., Herteliu, C., Hezam, K., Hiraike, Y., Hlongwa, M.M., Holla, R., Holm, M., Horita, N., Hoseini, M., Hossain, M.M., Hossain, M.B.H., Hosseini, M.S., Hosseinzadeh, A., Hosseinzadeh, M., Hostiuc, M., Hostiuc, S., Househ, M., Huang, J., Hugo, F.N., Humayun, A., Hussain, S., Hussein, N.R., Hwang, B.F., Ibitoye, S.E., Iftikhar, P.M., Ikuta, K.S., Ilesanmi, O.St., Ilic, I.M., Ilic, M.D., Immurana, M., Innos, K., Iranpour, P., Irham, L.M., Islam, M.S., Islam, R.M., Islami, F., Ismail, N.E., Isola, G., Iwagami, M., J, L.M., Jaiswal, A., Jakovljevic, M., Jalili, M., Jalilian, S., Jamshidi, E., Jang, S.I., Jani, C.T., Javaheri, T., Jayarajah, U.U., Jayaram, S., Jazayeri, S.B., Jebai, R., Jemal, B., Jeong, W., Jha, R.P., Jindal, H.A., John-Akinola, Y.O., Jonas, J.B., Joo, T., Joseph, N., Joukar, F., Jozwiak, J.J., Jürisson, M., Kabir, A., Kacimi, S.E.O., Kadashetti, V., Kahe, F., Kakodkar, P.V., Kalankesh, L.R., Kalhor, R., Kamal, V.K., Kamangar, F., Kamath, A., Kanchan, T., Kandaswamy, E., Kandel, H., Kang, H.J., Kanno, G.G., Kapoor, N., Kar, S.S., Karanth, S.D., Karaye, I.M., Karch, A., Karimi, A., Kassa, B.G., Katoto, P.D.M.C., Kauppila, J.H., Kaur, H., Kebede, A.G., Keikavoosi-Arani, L., Kejela, G.G., Kemp Bohan, P.M., Keramati, M., Keykhaei, M., Khajuria, H., Khan, A., Khan, A.A.K., Khan, E.A., Khan, G., Khan, M.N., Khan, M.A.B., Khanali, J., Khatab, K., Khatatbeh, M.M., Khatib, M.N., Khayamzadeh, M., Khayat Kashani, H.R., Khazeei Tabari, M.A., Khezeli, M., Khodadost, M., Kim, M.S., Kim, Y.J., Kisa, A., Kisa, S., Klugar, M., Klugarová, J., Kolahi, A.A., Kolkhir, P., Kompani, F., Koul, P.A., Koulmane Laxminarayana, S.L., Koyanagi, A., Krishan, K., Krishnamoorthy, Y., Kucuk Bicer, B., Kugbey, N., Kulimbet, M., Kumar, A., Kumar, G.A., Kumar, N., Kurmi, O.P., Kuttikkattu, A., La Vecchia, C., Lahiri, A., Lal, D.K., Lám, J., Lan, Q., Landires, I., Larijani, B., Lasrado, S., Lau, J., Lauriola, P., Ledda, C., Lee, S.W., Lee, S.W.H., Lee, W.C., Lee, Y.Y., Lee, Y.H., Legesse, S.M., Leigh, J., Leong, E., Li, M.C., Lim, S.S., Liu, G., Liu, J., Lo, C.H., Lohiya, A., Lopukhov, P.D., Lorenzovici, L., Lotfi, M., Loureiro, J.A., Lunevicius, R., Madadizadeh, F., Mafi, A.R., Magdeldin, S., Mahjoub, S., Mahmoodpoor, A., Mahmoudi, M., Mahmoudimanesh, M., Mahumud, R.A., Majeed, A., Majidpoor, J., Makki, A., Makris, K.C., Malakan Rad, E., Malekpour, M.R., Malekzadeh, R., Malik, A.A., Mallhi, T.H., Mallya, S.D., Mamun, M.A., Manda, A.L., Mansour-Ghanaei, F., Mansouri, B., Mansournia, M.A., Mantovani, L.G., Martini, S., Martorell, M., Masoudi, S., Masoumi, S.Z., Matei, C.N., Mathews, E., Mathur, M.R., Mathur, V., McKee, M., Meena, J.K., Mehmood, K., Mehrabi Nasab, E., Mehrotra, R., Melese, A., Mendoza, W., Menezes, R.G., Mengesha, S.D., Mensah, L.G., Mentis, A.F.A., Mera-Mamián, A.Y.M., Meretoja, T.J., Merid, M.W., Mersha, A.G., Meselu, B.T., Meshkat, M., Mestrovic, T., Miao Jonasson, J., Miazgowski, T., Michalek, I.M., Mijena, G.F.W., Miller, T.R., Mir, S.A., Mirinezhad, S.K., Mirmoeeni, S., Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari, M., Mirzaei, H., Mirzaei, H.R., Misganaw, A.S., Misra, S., Mohammad, K.A., Mohammadi, E., Mohammadi, M., Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A., Mohammadpourhodki, R., Mohammed, A., Mohammed, S., Mohan, S., Mohseni, M., Moka, N., Mokdad, A.H., Molassiotis, A., Molokhia, M., Momenzadeh, K., Momtazmanesh, S., Monasta, L., Mons, U., Montasir, A.A., Montazeri, F., Montero, A., Moosavi, M.A., Moradi, A., Moradi, Y., Moradi Sarabi, M., Moraga, P., Morawska, L., Morrison, S.D., Morze, J., Mosapour, A., Mostafavi, E., Mousavi, S.M., Mousavi Isfahani, H., Mousavi Khaneghah, A., Mpundu-Kaambwa, C., Mubarik, S., Mulita, F., Munblit, D., Munro, S.B., Murillo-Zamora, E., Musa, J., Nabhan, A.F., Nagarajan, A.J., Nagaraju, S.P., Nagel, G., Naghipour, M., Naimzada, M.D., Nair, T.S., Naqvi, A.A., Narasimha Swamy, S., Narayana, A.I., Nassereldine, H., Natto, Z.S., Nayak, B.P., Ndejjo, R., Nduaguba, S.O., Negash, W.W., Nejadghaderi, S.A., Nejati, K., Neupane Kandel, S., Nguyen, H.V.N., Niazi, R.K., Noor, N.M., Noori, M., Noroozi, N., Nouraei, H., Nowroozi, A., Nuñez-Samudio, V., Nzoputam, C.I., Nzoputam, O.J., Oancea, B., Odukoya, O.O., Oghenetega, O.B., Ogunsakin, R.E., Oguntade, A.S., Oh, I.H., Okati-Aliabad, H., Okekunle, A.P., Olagunju, A.T., Olagunju, T.O., Olakunde, B.O., Olufadewa, I.L., Omer, E., Omonisi, A.E.E., Ong, S., Onwujekwe, O.E., Orru, H., Otstavnov, S.S., Oulhaj, A., Oumer, B., Owopetu, O.F., Oyinloye, B.E., P A, M., Padron-Monedero, A., Padubidri, J., Pakbin, B., Pakshir, K., Pakzad, R., Palicz, T., Pana, A., Pandey, A., Pant, S., Pardhan, S., Park, E.C., Park, E.K., Park, S., Patel, J., Pati, S., Paudel, R., Paudel, U., Paun, M., Pazoki Toroudi, H., Peng, M., Pereira, J., Pereira, R.B., Perna, S., Perumalsamy, N., Pestell, R.G., Pezzani, R., Piccinelli, C., Pillay, J.D., Piracha, Z.Z., Pischon, T., Postma, M.J., Pourabhari Langroudi, A., Pourshams, A., Pourtaheri, N., Prashant, A., Qadir, M.M.F., Quazi Syed, Z., Rabiee, M., Rabiee, N., Radfar, A., Radhakrishnan, R.A., Radhakrishnan, V., Raeisi, M., Rafiee, A., Rafiei, A., Raheem, N., Rahim, F., Rahman, M.O., Rahman, M., Rahman, M.A., Rahmani, A.M., Rahmani, S., Rahmanian, V., Rajai, N., Rajesh, A., Ram, P., Ramezanzadeh, K., Rana, J., Ranabhat, K., Ranasinghe, P., Rao, C.R., Rao, S.J., Rashedi, S., Rashidi, A., Rashidi, M., Rashidi, M.M., Ratan, Z.A., Rawaf, D.L., Rawaf, S., Rawal, L., Rawassizadeh, R., Razeghinia, M.S., Rehman, A.U., Rehman, I.U., Reitsma, M.B, Renzaho, A.M.N., Rezaei, M., Rezaei, N., Rezaei, S., Rezaeian, M., Rezapour, A., Riad, A., Rikhtegar, R., Rios-Blancas, M., Roberts, T.J., Rohloff, P., Romero-Rodríguez, E., Roshandel, G., Rwegerera, G.M., S, M., Saber-Ayad, M.M., Saberzadeh-Ardestani, B., Sabour, S., Saddik, B., Sadeghi, E., Saeb, M.R., Saeed, U., Safaei, M., Safary, A., Sahebazzamani, M., Sahebkar, A., Sahoo, H., Sajid, M.R., Salari, H., Salehi, S., Salem, M.R., Salimzadeh, H., Samodra, Y.L., Samy, A.M., Sanabria, J., Sankararaman, S., Sanmarchi, F., Santric-Milicevic, M.M., Saqib, M.A.N., Sarveazad, A., Sarvi, F., Sathian, B., Satpathy, M., Sayegh, N., Schneider, I.J.C., Schwarzinger, M., Šekerija, M., Senthilkumaran, S., Sepanlou, S.G., Seylani, A., Seyoum, K., Sha, F., Shafaat, O., Shah, P.A., Shahabi, S., Shahid, I., Shahrbaf, M.A., Shahsavari, H.R., Shaikh, M.A., Shaka, M.F., Shaker, E., Shannawaz, M., Sharew, M.M.S., Sharifi, A., Sharifi-Rad, J., Sharma, P., Shashamo, B.B., Sheikh, A., Sheikh, M., Sheikhbahaei, S., Sheikhi, R.A., Sheikhy, A., Shepherd, P.R., Shetty, A., Shetty, J.K., Shetty, R.S., Shibuya, K., Shirkoohi, R., Shirzad-Aski, H., Shivakumar, K.M., Shivalli, S., Shivarov, V., Shobeiri, P., Shokri Varniab, Z., Shorofi, S.A., Shrestha, S., Sibhat, M.M., Siddappa Malleshappa, S.K., Sidemo, N.B., Silva, D.A.S., Silva, L.M.L.R., Silva Julian, G., Silvestris, N., Simegn, W., Singh, A.D., Singh, A., Singh, G., Singh, H., Singh, J.A., Singh, J.K., Singh, P., Singh, S., Sinha, D.N., Sinke, A.H., Siraj, M.S., Sitas, F., Siwal, S.S., Skryabin, V.Y., Skryabina, A. A., Socea, B., Soeberg, M.J., Sofi-Mahmudi, A., Solomon, Y., Soltani-Zangbar, M.S., Song, S., Song, Y., Sorensen, R.J.D., Soshnikov, S., Sotoudeh, H., Sowe, A., Sufiyan, M.B., Suk, R., Suleman, M., Suliankatchi Abdulkader, R., Sultana, S., Sur, D., Szócska, M., Tabaeian, S.P., Tabarés-Seisdedos, R., Tabatabaei, S.M., Tabuchi, T., Tadbiri, H., Taheri, E., Taheri, M., Taheri Soodejani, M., Takahashi, K., Talaat, I.M., Tampa, M., Tan, K.K., Tat, N.Y., Tat, V.Y., Tavakoli, A., Tehrani-Banihashemi, A., Tekalegn, Y., Tesfay, F.H., Thapar, R., Thavamani, A., Thoguluva Chandrasekar, V., Thomas, N., Thomas, N.K., Ticoalu, J.H.V., Tiyuri, A., Tollosa, D.N., Topor-Madry, R., Touvier, M., Tovani-Palone, M.R., Traini, E., Tran, M.T.N., Tripathy, J.P., Ukke, G.G., Ullah, I., Ullah, S., Unnikrishnan, B., Vacante, M., Vaezi, M., Valadan Tahbaz, S., Valdez, P.R., Vardavas, C., Varthya, S.B., Vaziri, S., Velazquez, D.Z., Veroux, M., Villeneuve, P.J., Violante, F.S., Vladimirov, S.K., Vlassov, V., Vo, B., Vu, L.G., Wadood, A.W., Waheed, Y., Walde, M.T., Wamai, R.G., Wang, C., Wang, F., Wang, N., Wang, Y., Ward, P., Waris, A., Westerman, R., Wickramasinghe, N.D., Woldemariam, M., Woldu, B., Xiao, H., Xu, S., Xu, X., Yadav, L., Yahyazadeh Jabbari, S.H., Yang, L., Yazdanpanah, F., Yeshaw, Y., Yismaw, Y., Yonemoto, N., Younis, M.Z., Yousefi, Z., Yousefian, F., Yu, C., Yu, Y., Yunusa, I., Zahir, M., Zaki, N., Zaman, B.A., Zangiabadian, M., Zare, F., Zare, I., Zareshahrabadi, Z., Zarrintan, A., Zastrozhin, M.S., Zeineddine, M.A., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z.J., Zhou, L., Zodpey, S., Zoladl, M., Vos, T., Hay, S.I., Force, L.M., Murray, C.J.L.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Topic 3: Integrative Biomedicine

الوصف: BACKGROUND: Understanding the magnitude of cancer burden attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors is crucial for development of effective prevention and mitigation strategies. We analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 to inform cancer control planning efforts globally. METHODS: The GBD 2019 comparative risk assessment framework was used to estimate cancer burden attributable to behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risk factors. A total of 82 risk–outcome pairs were included on the basis of the World Cancer Research Fund criteria. Estimated cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in 2019 and change in these measures between 2010 and 2019 are presented. FINDINGS: Globally, in 2019, the risk factors included in this analysis accounted for 4·45 million (95% uncertainty interval 4·01–4·94) deaths and 105 million (95·0–116) DALYs for both sexes combined, representing 44·4% (41·3–48·4) of all cancer deaths and 42·0% (39·1–45·6) of all DALYs. There were 2·88 million (2·60–3·18) risk-attributable cancer deaths in males (50·6% [47·8–54·1] of all male cancer deaths) and 1·58 million (1·36–1·84) risk-attributable cancer deaths in females (36·3% [32·5–41·3] of all female cancer deaths). The leading risk factors at the most detailed level globally for risk-attributable cancer deaths and DALYs in 2019 for both sexes combined were smoking, followed by alcohol use and high BMI. Risk-attributable cancer burden varied by world region and Socio-demographic Index (SDI), with smoking, unsafe sex, and alcohol use being the three leading risk factors for risk-attributable cancer DALYs in low SDI locations in 2019, whereas DALYs in high SDI locations mirrored the top three global risk factor rankings. From 2010 to 2019, global risk-attributable cancer deaths increased by 20·4% (12·6–28·4) and DALYs by 16·8% (8·8–25·0), with the greatest percentage increase in metabolic risks (34·7% [27·9–42·8] and 33·3% [25·8–42·0]). ...

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: http://edoc.mdc-berlin.de/22095/1/22095oa.pdfTest; http://edoc.mdc-berlin.de/22095/7/22095suppl.pdfTest; The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010–19: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Tran, K.B. and Lang, J.J. and Compton, K. and Xu, R. and Acheson, A.R. and Henrikson, H.J. and Kocarnik, J.M. and Penberthy, L. and Aali, A. and Abbas, Q. and Abbasi, B. and Abbasi-Kangevari, M. and Abbasi-Kangevari, Z. and Abbastabar, H. and Abdelmasseh, M. and Abd-Elsalam, S. and Abdelwahab, A.A. and Abdoli, G. and Abdulkadir, H.A. and Abedi, A. and Abegaz, K.H. and Abidi, H. and Aboagye, R.G. and Abolhassani, H. and Absalan, A. and Abtew, Yo.D. and Abubaker Ali, H. and Abu-Gharbieh, E. and Achappa, B. and Acuna, J.M. and Addison, D. and Addo, I.Y. and Adegboye, O.A. and Adesina, M.A. and Adnan, M. and Adnani, Q.E.S. and Advani, S.M. and Afrin, S. and Afzal, M.S. and Aggarwal, M. and Ahinkorah, B.O. and Ahmad, A.R. and Ahmad, R. and Ahmad, S. and Ahmad, S. and Ahmadi, S. and Ahmed, H. and Ahmed, L.A. and Ahmed, M.B. and Ahmed Rashid, T. and Aiman, W. and Ajami, M. and Akalu, G.T. and Akbarzadeh-Khiavi, M. and Aklilu, A. and Akonde, M. and Akunna, C.J. and Al Hamad, H. and Alahdab, F. and Alanezi, F.M. and Alanzi, T.M. and Alessy, S.A. and Algammal, A.M. and Al-Hanawi, M.K. and Alhassan, R.K. and Ali, B.A. and Ali, L. and Ali, S.S. and Alimohamadi, Y. and Alipour, V. and Aljunid, S.M. and Alkhayyat, M. and Al-Maweri, S.A.A. and Almustanyir, S. and Alonso, N. and Alqalyoobi, S. and Al-Raddadi, R.M. and Al-Rifai, R.H.H. and Al-Sabah, S.K. and Al-Tammemi, A.B. and Altawalah, H. and Alvis-Guzman, N. and Amare, F. and Ameyaw, E.K. and Aminian Dehkordi, J.J. and Amirzade-Iranaq, M.H. and Amu, H. and Amusa, G.A. and Ancuceanu, R. and Anderson, J.A. and Animut, Y.A. and Anoushiravani, A. and Anoushirvani, A.A. and Ansari-Moghaddam, A. and Ansha, M.G. and Antony, B. and Antwi, M.H. and Anwar, S.L. and Anwer, R. and Anyasodor, A.E. and Arabloo, J. and Arab-Zozani, M. and Aremu, O. and Argaw, A.M. and Ariffin, H. and Aripov, T. and Arshad, M. and Artaman, A. and Arulappan, J. and Aruleba, R.T. and Aryannejad, A. and Asaad, M. and Asemahagn, M.A. and Asemi, Z. and Asghari-Jafarabadi, M. and Ashraf, T. and Assadi, R. and Athar, M. and Athari, S.S. and Atout, M.M.W. and Attia, S. and Aujayeb, A. and Ausloos, M. and Avila-Burgos, L. and Awedew, A.F. and Awoke, M.A. and Awoke, T. and Ayala Quintanilla, B.P. and Ayana, T.M. and Ayen, S.S. and Azadi, D. and Azadnajafabad, S. and Azami-Aghdash, S. and Azanaw, M.M. and Azangou-Khyavy, M. and Azari Jafari, A. and Azizi, H. and Azzam, A.Y.Y. and Babajani, A. and Badar, M. and Badiye, A.D. and Baghcheghi, N. and Bagheri, N. and Bagherieh, S. and Bahadory, S. and Baig, A.A. and Baker, J.L. and Bakhtiari, A. and Bakshi, R.K. and Banach, M. and Banerjee, I. and Bardhan, M. and Barone-Adesi, F. and Barra, F. and Barrow, A. and Bashir, N.Z. and Bashiri, A. and Basu, S. and Batiha, A.M.M. and Begum, A. and Bekele, A.B. and Belay, A.S. and Belete, M.A. and Belgaumi, U.I. and Bell, A.W. and Belo, L. and Benzian, H. and Berhie, A.Y. and Bermudez, A.N.C. and Bernabe, E. and Bhagavathula, A.S. and Bhala, N. and Bhandari, B.B. and Bhardwaj, N. and Bhardwaj, P. and Bhattacharyya, K. and Bhojaraja, V.S. and Bhuyan, S.S. and Bibi, S. and Bilchut, A.H. and Bintoro, B.S. and Biondi, A. and Birega, M.G.B. and Birhan, H.E. and Bjørge, T. and Blyuss, O. and Bodicha, B.B.A. and Bolla, S.R. and Boloor, A. and Bosetti, C. and Braithwaite, D. and Brauer, M. and Brenner, H. and Briko, A.N. and Briko, N.I. and Buchanan, C.M. and Bulamu, N.B. and Bustamante-Teixeira, M.T. and Butt, M.H. and Butt, N.S. and Butt, Z.A. and Caetano dos Santos, F.L. and Cámera, L.A. and Cao, C. and Cao, Y. and Carreras, G. and Carvalho, M. and Cembranel, F. and Cerin, E. and Chakraborty, P.A. and Charalampous, P. and Chattu, V.K. and Chimed-Ochir, O. and Chirinos-Caceres, J.L. and Cho, D.Y. and Cho, W.C.S. and Christopher, D.J. and Chu, D.T. and Chukwu, I.S. and Cohen, A.J. and Conde, J. and Cortés, S. and Costa, V.M. and Cruz-Martins, N. and Culbreth, G.T. and Dadras, O. and Dagnaw, F.T. and Dahlawi, S.M.A and Dai, X. and Dandona, L. and Dandona, R. and Daneshpajouhnejad, P. and Danielewicz, A. and Dao, A.T.M. and Darvishi Cheshmeh Soltani, R. and Darwesh, A.M. and Das, S. and Davitoiu, D.V. and Davtalab Esmaeili, E. and De la Hoz, F.P. and Debela, S.A. and Dehghan, A. and Demisse, B. and Demisse, F.W. and Denova-Gutiérrez, E. and Derakhshani, A. and Derbew Molla, M. and Dereje, D. and Deribe, K.S. and Desai, R. and Desalegn, M.D. and Dessalegn, F.N. and Dessalegni, S.A.A. and Dessie, G. and Desta, A.A. and Dewan, S.M.R. and Dharmaratne, S.D. and Dhimal, M. and Dianatinasab, M. and Diao, N. and Diaz, D. and Digesa, L.E. and Dixit, S.G. and Doaei, S. and Doan, L.P. and Doku, P.N. and Dongarwar, D. and dos Santos, W.M. and Driscoll, T.R. and Dsouza, H.L. and Durojaiye, O.C. and Edalati, S. and Eghbalian, F. and Ehsani-Chimeh, E. and Eini, E. and Ekholuenetale, M. and Ekundayo, T.C. and Ekwueme, D.U. and El Tantawi, M. and Elbahnasawy, M.A. and Elbarazi, I. and Elghazaly, H. and Elhadi, M. and El-Huneidi, W. and Emamian, M.H. and Engelbert Bain, L. and Enyew, D.B. and Erkhembayar, R. and Eshetu, T. and Eshrati, B. and Eskandarieh, S. and Espinosa-Montero, J. and Etaee, F. and Etemadimanesh, A. and Eyayu, T. and Ezeonwumelu, I.J. and Ezzikouri, S. and Fagbamigbe, A.F. and Fahimi, S. and Fakhradiyev, I.R. and Faraon, E.J.A. and Fares, J. and Farmany, A. and Farooque, U. and Farrokhpour, H. and Fasanmi, A.O. and Fatehizadeh, A. and Fatima, W. and Fattahi, H. and Fekadu, G. and Feleke, B.E. and Ferrari, A.A. and Ferrero, S. and Ferro Desideri, L. and Filip, I. and Fischer, F. and Foroumadi, R. and Foroutan, M. and Fukumoto, T. and Gaal, P.A. and Gad, M.M. and Gadanya, M.A. and Gaipov, A. and Galehdar, N. and Gallus, S. and Garg, T. and Gaspar Fonseca, M. and Gebremariam, Y.H. and Gebremeskel, T.G. and Gebremichael, M.A. and Geda, Y.F. and Gela, Y.Y. and Gemeda, B.N.B. and Getachew, M. and Getachew, M.E. and Ghaffari, K. and Ghafourifard, M. and Ghamari, S.H. and Ghasemi Nour, M. and Ghassemi, F. and Ghimire, A. and Ghith, N. and Gholamalizadeh, M. and Gholizadeh Navashenaq, J. and Ghozy, S. and Gilani, S.A. and Gill, P.S. and Ginindza, T.G. and Gizaw, A.T.T. and Glasbey, J.C. and Godos, J. and Goel, A. and Golechha, M. and Goleij, P. and Golinelli, D. and Golitaleb, M. and Gorini, G. and Goulart, B.N.G. and Grosso, G. and Guadie, H.A. and Gubari, M.I.M. and Gudayu, T.W. and Guerra, M.R. and Gunawardane, D.A. and Gupta, B. and Gupta, S. and Gupta, V.B. and Gupta, V.K. and Gurara, M.K. and Guta, A. and Habibzadeh, P. and Haddadi Avval, A. and Hafezi-Nejad, N. and Hajj Ali, A. and Haj-Mirzaian, A. and Halboub, E.S. and Halimi, A. and Halwani, R. and Hamadeh, R.R. and Hameed, S. and Hamidi, S. and Hanif, A. and Hariri, S. and Harlianto, N.I. and Haro, J.M. and Hartono, R.K. and Hasaballah, A.I. and Hasan, S.M.M. and Hasani, H. and Hashemi, S.M. and Hassan, A.M. and Hassanipour, S. and Hayat, K. and Heidari, G. and Heidari, M. and Heidarymeybodi, Z. and Herrera-Serna, B.Y. and Herteliu, C. and Hezam, K. and Hiraike, Y. and Hlongwa, M.M. and Holla, R. and Holm, M. and Horita, N. and Hoseini, M. and Hossain, M.M. and Hossain, M.B.H. and Hosseini, M.S. and Hosseinzadeh, A. and Hosseinzadeh, M. and Hostiuc, M. and Hostiuc, S. and Househ, M. and Huang, J. and Hugo, F.N. and Humayun, A. and Hussain, S. and Hussein, N.R. and Hwang, B.F. and Ibitoye, S.E. and Iftikhar, P.M. and Ikuta, K.S. and Ilesanmi, O.St. and Ilic, I.M. and Ilic, M.D. and Immurana, M. and Innos, K. and Iranpour, P. and Irham, L.M. and Islam, M.S. and Islam, R.M. and Islami, F. and Ismail, N.E. and Isola, G. and Iwagami, M. and J, L.M. and Jaiswal, A. and Jakovljevic, M. and Jalili, M. and Jalilian, S. and Jamshidi, E. and Jang, S.I. and Jani, C.T. and Javaheri, T. and Jayarajah, U.U. and Jayaram, S. and Jazayeri, S.B. and Jebai, R. and Jemal, B. and Jeong, W. and Jha, R.P. and Jindal, H.A. and John-Akinola, Y.O. and Jonas, J.B. and Joo, T. and Joseph, N. and Joukar, F. and Jozwiak, J.J. and Jürisson, M. and Kabir, A. and Kacimi, S.E.O. and Kadashetti, V. and Kahe, F. and Kakodkar, P.V. and Kalankesh, L.R. and Kalankesh, L.R. and Kalhor, R. and Kamal, V.K. and Kamangar, F. and Kamath, A. and Kanchan, T. and Kandaswamy, E. and Kandel, H. and Kang, H.J. and Kanno, G.G. and Kapoor, N. and Kar, S.S. and Karanth, S.D. and Karaye, I.M. and Karch, A. and Karimi, A. and Kassa, B.G. and Katoto, P.D.M.C. and Kauppila, J.H. and Kaur, H. and Kebede, A.G. and Keikavoosi-Arani, L. and Kejela, G.G. and Kemp Bohan, P.M. and Keramati, M. and Keykhaei, M. and Khajuria, H. and Khan, A. and Khan, A.A.K. and Khan, E.A. and Khan, G. and Khan, M.N. and Khan, M.A.B. and Khanali, J. and Khatab, K. and Khatatbeh, M.M. and Khatib, M.N. and Khayamzadeh, M. and Khayat Kashani, H.R. and Khazeei Tabari, M.A. and Khezeli, M. and Khodadost, M. and Kim, M.S. and Kim, Y.J. and Kisa, A. and Kisa, S. and Klugar, M. and Klugarová, J. and Kolahi, A.A. and Kolkhir, P. and Kompani, F. and Koul, P.A. and Koulmane Laxminarayana, S.L. and Koyanagi, A. and Krishan, K. and Krishnamoorthy, Y. and Kucuk Bicer, B. and Kugbey, N. and Kulimbet, M. and Kumar, A. and Kumar, G.A. and Kumar, N. and Kurmi, O.P. and Kuttikkattu, A. and La Vecchia, C. and Lahiri, A. and Lal, D.K. and Lám, J. and Lan, Q. and Landires, I. and Larijani, B. and Lasrado, S. and Lau, J. and Lauriola, P. and Ledda, C. and Lee, S.W. and Lee, S.W.H. and Lee, W.C. and Lee, Y.Y. and Lee, Y.H. and Legesse, S.M. and Leigh, J. and Leong, E. and Li, M.C. and Lim, S.S. and Liu, G. and Liu, J. and Lo, C.H. and Lohiya, A. and Lopukhov, P.D. and Lorenzovici, L. and Lotfi, M. and Loureiro, J.A. and Lunevicius, R. and Madadizadeh, F. and Mafi, A.R. and Magdeldin, S. and Mahjoub, S. and Mahmoodpoor, A. and Mahmoudi, M. and Mahmoudimanesh, M. and Mahumud, R.A. and Majeed, A. and Majidpoor, J. and Makki, A. and Makris, K.C. and Malakan Rad, E. and Malekpour, M.R. and Malekzadeh, R. and Malik, A.A. and Mallhi, T.H. and Mallya, S.D. and Mamun, M.A. and Manda, A.L. and Mansour-Ghanaei, F. and Mansouri, B. and Mansournia, M.A. and Mantovani, L.G. and Martini, S. and Martorell, M. and Masoudi, S. and Masoumi, S.Z. and Matei, C.N. and Mathews, E. and Mathur, M.R. and Mathur, V. and McKee, M. and Meena, J.K. and Mehmood, K. and Mehrabi Nasab, E. and Mehrotra, R. and Melese, A. and Mendoza, W. and Menezes, R.G. and Mengesha, S.D. and Mensah, L.G. and Mentis, A.F.A. and Mera-Mamián, A.Y.M. and Meretoja, T.J. and Merid, M.W. and Mersha, A.G. and Meselu, B.T. and Meshkat, M. and Mestrovic, T. and Miao Jonasson, J. and Miazgowski, T. and Michalek, I.M. and Mijena, G.F.W. and Miller, T.R. and Mir, S.A. and Mirinezhad, S.K. and Mirmoeeni, S. and Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari, M. and Mirzaei, H. and Mirzaei, H.R. and Misganaw, A.S. and Misra, S. and Mohammad, K.A. and Mohammadi, E. and Mohammadi, M. and Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A. and Mohammadpourhodki, R. and Mohammed, A. and Mohammed, S. and Mohan, S. and Mohseni, M. and Moka, N. and Mokdad, A.H. and Molassiotis, A. and Molokhia, M. and Momenzadeh, K. and Momtazmanesh, S. and Monasta, L. and Mons, U. and Montasir, A.A. and Montazeri, F. and Montero, A. and Moosavi, M.A. and Moradi, A. and Moradi, Y. and Moradi Sarabi, M. and Moraga, P. and Morawska, L. and Morrison, S.D. and Morze, J. and Mosapour, A. and Mostafavi, E. and Mousavi, S.M. and Mousavi Isfahani, H. and Mousavi Khaneghah, A. and Mpundu-Kaambwa, C. and Mubarik, S. and Mulita, F. and Munblit, D. and Munro, S.B. and Murillo-Zamora, E. and Musa, J. and Nabhan, A.F. and Nagarajan, A.J. and Nagaraju, S.P. and Nagel, G. and Naghipour, M. and Naimzada, M.D. and Nair, T.S. and Naqvi, A.A. and Narasimha Swamy, S. and Narayana, A.I. and Nassereldine, H. and Natto, Z.S. and Nayak, B.P. and Ndejjo, R. and Nduaguba, S.O. and Negash, W.W. and Nejadghaderi, S.A. and Nejati, K. and Neupane Kandel, S. and Nguyen, H.V.N. and Niazi, R.K. and Noor, N.M. and Noori, M. and Noroozi, N. and Nouraei, H. and Nowroozi, A. and Nuñez-Samudio, V. and Nzoputam, C.I. and Nzoputam, O.J. and Oancea, B. and Odukoya, O.O. and Oghenetega, O.B. and Ogunsakin, R.E. and Oguntade, A.S. and Oh, I.H. and Okati-Aliabad, H. and Okekunle, A.P. and Olagunju, A.T. and Olagunju, T.O. and Olakunde, B.O. and Olufadewa, I.L. and Omer, E. and Omonisi, A.E.E. and Ong, S. and Onwujekwe, O.E. and Orru, H. and Otstavnov, S.S. and Oulhaj, A. and Oumer, B. and Owopetu, O.F. and Oyinloye, B.E. and P A, M. and Padron-Monedero, A. and Padubidri, J. and Pakbin, B. and Pakshir, K. and Pakzad, R. and Palicz, T. and Pana, A. and Pandey, A. and Pandey, A. and Pant, S. and Pardhan, S. and Park, E.C. and Park, E.K. and Park, S. and Patel, J. and Pati, S. and Paudel, R. and Paudel, U. and Paun, M. and Pazoki Toroudi, H. and Peng, M. and Pereira, J. and Pereira, R.B. and Perna, S. and Perumalsamy, N. and Pestell, R.G. and Pezzani, R. and Piccinelli, C. and Pillay, J.D. and Piracha, Z.Z. and Pischon, T. and Postma, M.J. and Pourabhari Langroudi, A. and Pourshams, A. and Pourtaheri, N. and Prashant, A. and Qadir, M.M.F. and Quazi Syed, Z. and Rabiee, M. and Rabiee, N. and Radfar, A. and Radhakrishnan, R.A. and Radhakrishnan, V. and Raeisi, M. and Rafiee, A. and Rafiei, A. and Raheem, N. and Rahim, F. and Rahman, M.O. and Rahman, M. and Rahman, M.A. and Rahmani, A.M. and Rahmani, S. and Rahmanian, V. and Rajai, N. and Rajesh, A. and Ram, P. and Ramezanzadeh, K. and Rana, J. and Ranabhat, K. and Ranasinghe, P. and Rao, C.R. and Rao, S.J. and Rashedi, S. and Rashidi, A. and Rashidi, M. and Rashidi, M.M. and Ratan, Z.A. and Rawaf, D.L. and Rawaf, S. and Rawal, L. and Rawassizadeh, R. and Razeghinia, M.S. and Rehman, A.U. and Rehman, I.U. and Reitsma, M.B and Renzaho, A.M.N. and Rezaei, M. and Rezaei, N. and Rezaei, N. and Rezaei, N. and Rezaei, S. and Rezaeian, M. and Rezapour, A. and Riad, A. and Rikhtegar, R. and Rios-Blancas, M. and Roberts, T.J. and Rohloff, P. and Romero-Rodríguez, E. and Roshandel, G. and Rwegerera, G.M. and S, M. and Saber-Ayad, M.M. and Saberzadeh-Ardestani, B. and Sabour, S. and Saddik, B. and Sadeghi, E. and Saeb, M.R. and Saeed, U. and Safaei, M. and Safary, A. and Sahebazzamani, M. and Sahebkar, A. and Sahoo, H. and Sajid, M.R. and Salari, H. and Salehi, S. and Salem, M.R. and Salimzadeh, H. and Samodra, Y.L. and Samy, A.M. and Sanabria, J. and Sankararaman, S. and Sanmarchi, F. and Santric-Milicevic, M.M. and Saqib, M.A.N. and Sarveazad, A. and Sarvi, F. and Sathian, B. and Satpathy, M. and Sayegh, N. and Schneider, I.J.C. and Schwarzinger, M. and Šekerija, M. and Senthilkumaran, S. and Sepanlou, S.G. and Seylani, A. and Seyoum, K. and Sha, F. and Shafaat, O. and Shah, P.A. and Shahabi, S. and Shahid, I. and Shahrbaf, M.A. and Shahsavari, H.R. and Shaikh, M.A. and Shaka, M.F. and Shaker, E. and Shannawaz, M. and Sharew, M.M.S. and Sharifi, A. and Sharifi-Rad, J. and Sharma, P. and Shashamo, B.B. and Sheikh, A. and Sheikh, M. and Sheikhbahaei, S. and Sheikhi, R.A. and Sheikhy, A. and Shepherd, P.R. and Shetty, A. and Shetty, J.K. and Shetty, R.S. and Shibuya, K. and Shirkoohi, R. and Shirzad-Aski, H. and Shivakumar, K.M. and Shivalli, S. and Shivarov, V. and Shobeiri, P. and Shokri Varniab, Z. and Shorofi, S.A. and Shrestha, S. and Sibhat, M.M. and Siddappa Malleshappa, S.K. and Sidemo, N.B. and Silva, D.A.S. and Silva, L.M.L.R. and Silva Julian, G. and Silvestris, N. and Simegn, W. and Singh, A.D. and Singh, A. and Singh, G. and Singh, H. and Singh, J.A. and Singh, J.K. and Singh, P. and Singh, S. and Sinha, D.N. and Sinke, A.H. and Siraj, M.S. and Sitas, F. and Siwal, S.S. and Skryabin, V.Y. and Skryabina, A. A. and Socea, B. and Soeberg, M.J. and Sofi-Mahmudi, A. and Solomon, Y. and Soltani-Zangbar, M.S. and Song, S. and Song, Y. and Sorensen, R.J.D. and Soshnikov, S. and Sotoudeh, H. and Sowe, A. and Sufiyan, M.B. and Suk, R. and Suleman, M. and Suliankatchi Abdulkader, R. and Sultana, S. and Sur, D. and Szócska, M. and Tabaeian, S.P. and Tabarés-Seisdedos, R. and Tabatabaei, S.M. and Tabuchi, T. and Tadbiri, H. and Taheri, E. and Taheri, M. and Taheri Soodejani, M. and Takahashi, K. and Talaat, I.M. and Tampa, M. and Tan, K.K. and Tat, N.Y. and Tat, V.Y. and Tavakoli, A. and Tavakoli, A. and Tehrani-Banihashemi, A. and Tekalegn, Y. and Tesfay, F.H. and Thapar, R. and Thavamani, A. and Thoguluva Chandrasekar, V. and Thomas, N. and Thomas, N.K. and Ticoalu, J.H.V. and Tiyuri, A. and Tollosa, D.N. and Topor-Madry, R. and Touvier, M. and Tovani-Palone, M.R. and Traini, E. and Tran, M.T.N. and Tripathy, J.P. and Ukke, G.G. and Ullah, I. and Ullah, S. and Ullah, S. and Unnikrishnan, B. and Vacante, M. and Vaezi, M. and Valadan Tahbaz, S. and Valdez, P.R. and Vardavas, C. and Varthya, S.B. and Vaziri, S. and Velazquez, D.Z. and Veroux, M. and Villeneuve, P.J. and Violante, F.S. and Vladimirov, S.K. and Vlassov, V. and Vo, B. and Vu, L.G. and Wadood, A.W. and Waheed, Y. and Walde, M.T. and Wamai, R.G. and Wang, C. and Wang, F. and Wang, N. and Wang, Y. and Ward, P. and Waris, A. and Westerman, R. and Wickramasinghe, N.D. and Woldemariam, M. and Woldu, B. and Xiao, H. and Xu, S. and Xu, X. and Yadav, L. and Yahyazadeh Jabbari, S.H. and Yang, L. and Yazdanpanah, F. and Yeshaw, Y. and Yismaw, Y. and Yonemoto, N. and Younis, M.Z. and Yousefi, Z. and Yousefian, F. and Yu, C. and Yu, Y. and Yunusa, I. and Zahir, M. and Zaki, N. and Zaman, B.A. and Zangiabadian, M. and Zare, F. and Zare, I. and Zareshahrabadi, Z. and Zarrintan, A. and Zastrozhin, M.S. and Zeineddine, M.A. and Zhang, D. and Zhang, J. and Zhang, Y. and Zhang, Z.J. and Zhou, L. and Zodpey, S. and Zoladl, M. and Vos, T. and Hay, S.I. and Force, L.M. and Murray, C.J.L. Lancet 400 (10352): 563-591. 20 August 2022

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736Test(22)01438-6
http://edoc.mdc-berlin.de/22095Test/
https://edoc.mdc-berlin.de/22095Test/
http://edoc.mdc-berlin.de/22095/1/22095oa.pdfTest
http://edoc.mdc-berlin.de/22095/7/22095suppl.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Alvarez, E.M., Force, L.M., Xu, R., Compton, K., Lu, D., Henrikson, H.J., Kocarnik, J.M., Harvey, J.D., Pennini, A., Dean, F.E., Fu, W., Vargas, M.T., Keegan, T.H.M., Ariffin, H., Barr, R.D., Erdomaeva, Y.A., Gunasekera, D.S., John-Akinola, Y.O., Ketterl, T.G., Kutluk, T., Malogolowkin, M.H., Mathur, P., Radhakrishnan, V., Ries, L.A.G., Rodriguez-Galindo, C., Sagoyan, G.B., Sultan, I., Abbasi, B., Abbasi-Kangevari, M., Abbasi-Kangevari, Z., Abbastabar, H., Abdelmasseh, M., Abd-Elsalam, S., Abdoli, A., Abebe, H., Abedi, A., Abidi, H., Abolhassani, H., Abubaker Ali, H., Abu-Gharbieh, E., Achappa, B., Acuna, J.M., Adedeji, I.A., Adegboye, O.A., Adnani, Q.E.S., Advani, S.M., Afzal, M.S., Aghaie Meybodi, M., Ahadinezhad, B., Ahinkorah, B.O., Ahmad, S., Ahmadi, S., Ahmed, M.B., Ahmed Rashid, T., Ahmed Salih, Y., Aiman, W., Akalu, G.T., Al Hamad, H., Alahdab, F., AlAmodi, A.A., Alanezi, F.M., Alanzi, T.M., Alem, A.Z., Alem, D.T., Alemayehu, Y., Alhalaiqa, F.N., Alhassan, R.K., Ali, S., Alicandro, G., Alipour, V., Aljunid, S.M., Alkhayyat, M., Alluri, S., Almasri, N.A., Al-Maweri, S.A., Almustanyir, S., Al-Raddadi, R.M., Alvis-Guzman, N., Ameyaw, E.K., Amini, S., Amu, H., Ancuceanu, R., Andrei, C.L., Andrei, T., Ansari, F., Ansari-Moghaddam, A., Anvari, D., Anyasodor, A.E., Arabloo, J., Arab-Zozani, M., Argaw, A.M., Arshad, M., Arulappan, J., Aryannejad, A., Asemi, Z., Asghari Jafarabadi, M., Atashzar, M.R., Atorkey, P., Atreya, A., Attia, S., Aujayeb, A., Ausloos, M., Avila-Burgos, L., Awedew, A.F., Ayala Quintanilla, B.P., Ayele, A.D., Ayen, S.S., Azab, M.A., Azadnajafabad, S., Azami, H., Azangou-Khyavy, M., Azari Jafari, A., Azarian, G., Azzam, A.Y., Bahadory, S., Bai, J., Baig, A.A., Baker, J.L., Banach, M., Bärnighausen, T.W., Barone-Adesi, F., Barra, F., Barrow, A., Basaleem, H., Batiha, A.-M.M., Behzadifar, M., Bekele, N.C., Belete, R., Belgaumi, U.I., Bell, A.W., Berhie, A.Y., Bhagat, D.S., Bhagavathula, A.S., Bhardwaj, N., Bhardwaj, P., Bhaskar, S., Bhattacharyya, K., Bhojaraja, V.S., Bibi, S., Bijani, A., Biondi, A., Birara, S., Bjørge, T., Bolarinwa, O.A., Bolla, S.R., Boloor, A., Braithwaite, D., Brenner, H., Bulamu, N.B., Burkart, K., Bustamante-Teixeira, M.T., Butt, N.S., Butt, Z.A., Caetano dos Santos, F.L., Cao, C., Cao, Y., Carreras, G., Catalá-López, F., Cembranel, F., Cerin, E., Chakinala, R.C., Chakraborty, P.A., Chattu, V.K., Chaturvedi, P., Chaurasia, A., Chavan, P.P., Chimed-Ochir, O., Choi, J.-Y.J., Christopher, D.J., Chu, D.-T., Chung, M.T., Conde, J., Costa, V.M., Da'ar, O.B., Dadras, O., Dahlawi, S.M.A., Dai, X., Damiani, G., D'Amico, E., Dandona, L., Dandona, R., Daneshpajouhnejad, P., Darwish, A.H., Daryani, A., De la Hoz, F.P., Debela, S.A., Demie, T.G.G., Demissie, G.D., Demissie, Z.G., Denova-Gutiérrez, E., Derbew Molla, M., Desai, R., Desta, A.A., Dhamnetiya, D., Dharmaratne, S.D., Dhimal, M.L., Dhimal, M., Dianatinasab, M., Didehdar, M., Diress, M., Djalalinia, S., Do, H.P., Doaei, S., Dorostkar, F., dos Santos, W.M., Drake, T.M., Ekholuenetale, M., El Sayed, I., El Sayed Zaki, M., El Tantawi, M., El-Abid, H., Elbahnasawy, M.A., Elbarazi, I., Elhabashy, H.R., Elhadi, M., El-Jaafary, S.I., Enyew, D.B., Erkhembayar, R., Eshrati, B., Eskandarieh, S., Faisaluddin, M., Fares, J., Farooque, U., Fasanmi, A.O., Fatima, W., Ferreira de Oliveira, J.M.P., Ferrero, S., Ferro Desideri, L., Fetensa, G., Filip, I., Fischer, F., Fisher, J.L., Foroutan, M., Fukumoto, T., Gaal, P.A., Gad, M.M., Gaewkhiew, P., Gallus, S., Garg, T., Gebremeskel, T.G., Gemeda, B.N.B., Getachew, T., Ghafourifard, M., Ghamari, S.-H., Ghashghaee, A., Ghassemi, F., Ghith, N., Gholami, A., Gholizadeh Navashenaq, J., Gilani, S.A., Ginindza, T.G., Gizaw, A.T., Glasbey, J.C., Goel, A., Golechha, M., Goleij, P., Golinelli, D., Gopalani, S.V., Gorini, G., Goudarzi, H., Goulart, B.N.G., Grada, A., Gubari, M.I.M., Guerra, M.R., Guha, A., Gupta, B., Gupta, S., Gupta, V.B., Gupta, V.K., Haddadi, R., Hafezi-Nejad, N., Hailu, A., Haj-Mirzaian, A., Halwani, R., Hamadeh, R.R., Hambisa, M.T., Hameed, S., Hamidi, S., Haque, S., Hariri, S., Haro, J.M., Hasaballah, A.I., Hasan, S.M.M., Hashemi, S.M., Hassan, T.S., Hassanipour, S., Hay, S.I., Hayat, K., Hebo, S.H., Heidari, G., Heidari, M., Herrera-Serna, B.Y., Herteliu, C., Heyi, D.Z., Hezam, K., Hole, M.K., Holla, R., Horita, N., Hossain, M.M., Hossain, M.B., Hosseini, M.-S., Hosseini, M., Hosseinzadeh, A., Hosseinzadeh, M., Hostiuc, M., Hostiuc, S., Househ, M., Hsairi, M., Huang, J., Hussein, N.R., Hwang, B.-F., Ibitoye, S.E., Ilesanmi, O.S., Ilic, I.M., Ilic, M.D., Innos, K., Irham, L.M., Islam, R.M., Islam, S.M.S., Ismail, N.E., Isola, G., Iwagami, M., Jacob, L., Jadidi-Niaragh, F., Jain, V., Jakovljevic, M., Janghorban, R., Javadi Mamaghani, A., Jayaram, S., Jayawardena, R., Jazayeri, S.B., Jebai, R., Jha, R.P., Joo, T., Joseph, N., Joukar, F., Jürisson, M., Kaambwa, B., Kabir, A., Kalankesh, L.R., Kaliyadan, F., Kamal, Z., Kamath, A., Kandel, H., Kar, S.S., Karaye, I.M., Karimi, A., Kassa, B.G., Kauppila, J.H., Kemp Bohan, P.M., Kengne, A.P., Kerbo, A.A., Keykhaei, M., Khader, Y.S., Khajuria, H., Khalili, N., Khan, E.A., Khan, G., Khan, M., Khan, M.N., Khan, M.A., Khanali, J., Khayamzadeh, M., Khosravizadeh, O., Khubchandani, J., Khundkar, R., Kim, M.S., Kim, Y.J., Kisa, A., Kisa, S., Kissimova-Skarbek, K., Kolahi, A.-A., Kopec, J.A., Koteeswaran, R., Koulmane Laxminarayana, S.L., Koyanagi, A., Kugbey, N., Kumar, G.A., Kumar, N., Kwarteng, A., La Vecchia, C., Lan, Q., Landires, I., Lasrado, S., Lauriola, P., Ledda, C., Lee, S.-W., Lee, W.-C., Lee, Y.Y., Lee, Y.H., Leigh, J., Leong, E., Li, B., Li, J., Li, M.-C., Lim, S.S., Liu, X., Lobo, S.W., Loureiro, J.A., Lugo, A., Lunevicius, R., Magdy Abd El Razek, H., Magdy Abd El Razek, M., Mahmoudi, M., Majeed, A., Makki, A., Male, S., Malekpour, M.-R., Malekzadeh, R., Malik, A.A., Mamun, M.A., Manafi, N., Mansour-Ghanaei, F., Mansouri, B., Mansournia, M.A., Martini, S., Masoumi, S.Z., Matei, C.N., Mathur, M.R., McAlinden, C., Mehrotra, R., Mendoza, W., Menezes, R.G., Mentis, A.-F.A., Meretoja, T.J., Mersha, A.G., Mesregah, M.K., Mestrovic, T., Miao Jonasson, J., Miazgowski, B., Michalek, I.M., Miller, T.R., Mingude, A.B., Mirmoeeni, S., Mirzaei, H., Misra, S., Mithra, P., Mohammad, K.A., Mohammadi, M., Mohammadi, S.M., Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A., Mohammadpourhodki, R., Mohammed, A., Mohammed, S., Mohammed, T.A., Moka, N., Mokdad, A.H., Molokhia, M., Momtazmanesh, S., Monasta, L., Moni, M.A., Moradi, G., Moradi, Y., Moradzadeh, M., Moradzadeh, R., Moraga, P., Morrison, S.D., Mostafavi, E., Mousavi Khaneghah, A., Mpundu-Kaambwa, C., Mubarik, S., Mwanri, L., Nabhan, A.F., Nagaraju, S.P., Nagata, C., Naghavi, M., Naimzada, M.D., Naldi, L., Nangia, V., Naqvi, A.A., Narasimha Swamy, S., Narayana, A.I., Nayak, B.P., Nayak, V.C., Nazari, J., Nduaguba, S.O., Negoi, I., Negru, S.M., Nejadghaderi, S.A., Nepal, S., Neupane Kandel, S., Nggada, H.A., Nguyen, C.T., Nnaji, C.A., Nosrati, H., Nouraei, H., Nowroozi, A., Nuñez-Samudio, V., Nwatah, V.E., Nzoputam, C.I., Oancea, B., Odukoya, O.O., Oguntade, A.S., Oh, I.-H., Olagunju, A.T., Olagunju, T.O., Olakunde, B.O., Oluwasanu, M.M., Omar, E., Omar Bali, A., Ong, S., Onwujekwe, O.E., Ortega-Altamirano, D.V., Otstavnov, N., Otstavnov, S.S., Oumer, B., Owolabi, M.O., P A, M., Padron-Monedero, A., Padubidri, J.R., Pakshir, K., Pana, A., Pandey, A., Pardhan, S., Pashazadeh Kan, F., Pasovic, M., Patel, J.R., Pati, S., Pattanshetty, S.M., Paudel, U., Pereira, R.B., Peres, M.F.P., Perianayagam, A., Postma, M.J., Pourjafar, H., Pourshams, A., Prashant, A., Pulakunta, T., Qadir, M.M.F.F., Rabiee, M., Rabiee, N., Radfar, A., Radhakrishnan, R.A., Rafiee, A., Rafiei, A., Rafiei, S., Rahim, F., Rahimzadeh, S., Rahman, M., Rahman, M.A., Rahmani, A.M., Rajesh, A., Ramezani-Doroh, V., Ranabhat, K., Ranasinghe, P., Rao, C.R., Rao, S.J., Rashedi, S., Rashidi, M., Rashidi, M.-M., Rath, G.K., Rawaf, D.L., Rawaf, S., Rawal, L., Rawassizadeh, R., Razeghinia, M.S., Regasa, M.T., Renzaho, A.M.N., Rezaei, M., Rezaei, N., Rezaeian, M., Rezapour, A., Rezazadeh-Khadem, S., Riad, A., Rios Lopez, L.E., Rodriguez, J.A.B., Ronfani, L., Roshandel, G., Rwegerera, G.M., Saber-Ayad, M.M., Sabour, S., Saddik, B., Sadeghi, E., Sadeghian, S., Saeed, U., Sahebkar, A., Saif-Ur-Rahman, K.M., Sajadi, S.M., Salahi, S., Salehi, S., Salem, M.R., Salimzadeh, H., Samy, A.M., Sanabria, J., Sanmarchi, F., Sarveazad, A., Sathian, B., Sawhney, M., Sawyer, S.M., Saylan, M., Schneider, I.J.C., Seidu, A.-A., Šekerija, M., Sendo, E.G., Sepanlou, S.G., Seylani, A., Seyoum, K., Sha, F., Shafaat, O., Shaikh, M.A., Shamsoddin, E., Shannawaz, M., Sharma, R., Sheikhbahaei, S., Shetty, A., Shetty, B.S.K., Shetty, P.H., Shin, J.I., Shirkoohi, R., Shivakumar, K.M., Shobeiri, P., Siabani, S., Sibhat, M.M., Siddappa Malleshappa, S.K., Sidemo, N.B., Silva, D.A.S., Silva Julian, G., Singh, A.D., Singh, J.A., Singh, J.K., Singh, S., Sinke, A.H., Sintayehu, Y., Skryabin, V.Y., Skryabina, A.A., Smith, L., Sofi-Mahmudi, A., Soltani-Zangbar, M.S., Song, S., Spurlock, E.E., Steiropoulos, P., Straif, K., Subedi, R., Sufiyan, M.B., Suliankatchi Abdulkader, R., Sultana, S., Szerencsés, V., Szócska, M., Tabaeian, S.P., Tabarés-Seisdedos, R., Tabary, M., Tabuchi, T., Tadbiri, H., Taheri, M., Taherkhani, A., Takahashi, K., Tampa, M., Tan, K.-K., Tat, V.Y., Tavakoli, A., Tbakhi, A., Tehrani-Banihashemi, A., Temsah, M.-H., Tesfay, F.H., Tesfaye, B., Thakur, J.S., Thapar, R., Thavamani, A., Thiyagarajan, A., Thomas, N., Tobe-Gai, R., Togtmol, M., Tohidast, S.A., Tohidinik, H.R., Tolani, M.A., Tollosa, D.N., Touvier, M., Tovani-Palone, M.R., Traini, E., Tran, B.X., Tran, M.T.N., Tripathy, J.P., Tusa, B.S., Ukke, G.G., Ullah, I., Ullah, S., Umapathi, K.K., Unnikrishnan, B., Upadhyay, E., Ushula, T.W., Vacante, M., Valadan Tahbaz, S., Varthya, S.B., Veroux, M., Villeneuve, P.J., Violante, F.S., Vlassov, V., Vu, G.T., Waheed, Y., Wang, N., Ward, P., Weldesenbet, A.B., Wen, Y.F., Westerman, R., Winkler, A.S., Wubishet, B.L., Xu, S., Yahyazadeh Jabbari, S.H., Yang, L., Yaya, S., Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V., Yazie, T.S., Yehualashet, S.S., Yeshaneh, A., Yeshaw, Y., Yirdaw, B.W., Yonemoto, N., Younis, M.Z., Yousefi, Z., Yu, C., Yunusa, I., Zadnik, V., Zahir, M., Zahirian Moghadam, T., Zamani, M., Zamanian, M., Zandian, H., Zare, F., Zastrozhin, M.S., Zastrozhina, A., Zhang, J., Zhang, Z.-J., Ziapour, A., Zoladl, M., Murray, C.J.L., Fitzmaurice, C., Bleyer, A., Bhakta, N.

الوصف: Background In estimating the global burden of cancer, adolescents and young adults with cancer are often overlooked, despite being a distinct subgroup with unique epidemiology, clinical care needs, and societal impact. Comprehensive estimates of the global cancer burden in adolescents and young adults (aged 15–39 years) are lacking. To address this gap, we analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, with a focus on the outcome of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), to inform global cancer control measures in adolescents and young adults. Methods Using the GBD 2019 methodology, international mortality data were collected from vital registration systems, verbal autopsies, and population-based cancer registry inputs modelled with mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs). Incidence was computed with mortality estimates and corresponding MIRs. Prevalence estimates were calculated using modelled survival and multiplied by disability weights to obtain years lived with disability (YLDs). Years of life lost (YLLs) were calculated as age-specific cancer deaths multiplied by the standard life expectancy at the age of death. The main outcome was DALYs (the sum of YLLs and YLDs). Estimates were presented globally and by Socio-demographic Index (SDI) quintiles (countries ranked and divided into five equal SDI groups), and all estimates were presented with corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). For this analysis, we used the age range of 15–39 years to define adolescents and young adults. Findings There were 1·19 million (95% UI 1·11–1·28) incident cancer cases and 396 000 (370 000–425 000) deaths due to cancer among people aged 15–39 years worldwide in 2019. The highest age-standardised incidence rates occurred in high SDI (59·6 [54·5–65·7] per 100 000 person-years) and high-middle SDI countries (53·2 [48·8–57·9] per 100 000 person-years), while the highest age-standardised mortality rates were in low-middle SDI (14·2 [12·9–15·6] per 100 000 person-years) and ...

العلاقة: https://doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045Test(21)00581-7; Alvarez, E.M., Force, L.M., Xu, R., Compton, K., Lu, D., Henrikson, H.J., Kocarnik, J.M., Harvey, J.D., Pennini, A., Dean, F.E., Fu, W., Vargas, M.T., Keegan, T.H.M., Ariffin, H., Barr, R.D., Erdomaeva, Y.A., Gunasekera, D.S., John-Akinola, Y.O., Ketterl, T.G., Kutluk, T., Malogolowkin, M.H., Mathur, P., Radhakrishnan, V., Ries, L.A.G., Rodriguez-Galindo, C., Sagoyan, G.B., Sultan, I., Abbasi, B., Abbasi-Kangevari, M., Abbasi-Kangevari, Z., Abbastabar, H., Abdelmasseh, M., Abd-Elsalam, S., Abdoli, A., Abebe, H., Abedi, A., Abidi, H., Abolhassani, H., Abubaker Ali, H., Abu-Gharbieh, E., Achappa, B., Acuna, J.M., Adedeji, I.A., Adegboye, O.A., Adnani, Q.E.S., Advani, S.M., Afzal, M.S., Aghaie Meybodi, M., Ahadinezhad, B., Ahinkorah, B.O., Ahmad, S., Ahmadi, S., Ahmed, M.B., Ahmed Rashid, T., Ahmed Salih, Y., Aiman, W., Akalu, G.T., Al Hamad, H., Alahdab, F., AlAmodi, A.A., Alanezi, F.M., Alanzi, T.M., Alem, A.Z., Alem, D.T., Alemayehu, Y., Alhalaiqa, F.N., Alhassan, R.K., Ali, S., Alicandro, G., Alipour, V., Aljunid, S.M., Alkhayyat, M., Alluri, S., Almasri, N.A., Al-Maweri, S.A., Almustanyir, S., Al-Raddadi, R.M., Alvis-Guzman, N., Ameyaw, E.K., Amini, S., Amu, H., Ancuceanu, R., Andrei, C.L., Andrei, T., Ansari, F., Ansari-Moghaddam, A., Anvari, D., Anyasodor, A.E., Arabloo, J., Arab-Zozani, M., Argaw, A.M., Arshad, M., Arulappan, J., Aryannejad, A., Asemi, Z., Asghari Jafarabadi, M., Atashzar, M.R., Atorkey, P., Atreya, A., Attia, S., Aujayeb, A., Ausloos, M., Avila-Burgos, L., Awedew, A.F., Ayala Quintanilla, B.P., Ayele, A.D., Ayen, S.S., Azab, M.A., Azadnajafabad, S., Azami, H., Azangou-Khyavy, M., Azari Jafari, A., Azarian, G., Azzam, A.Y., Bahadory, S., Bai, J., Baig, A.A., Baker, J.L., Banach, M., Bärnighausen, T.W., Barone-Adesi, F., Barra, F., Barrow, A., Basaleem, H., Batiha, A.-M.M., Behzadifar, M., Bekele, N.C., Belete, R., Belgaumi, U.I., Bell, A.W., Berhie, A.Y., Bhagat, D.S., Bhagavathula, A.S., Bhardwaj, N., Bhardwaj, P., Bhaskar, S., Bhattacharyya, K., Bhojaraja, V.S., Bibi, S., Bijani, A., Biondi, A., Birara, S., Bjørge, T., Bolarinwa, O.A., Bolla, S.R., Boloor, A., Braithwaite, D., Brenner, H., Bulamu, N.B., Burkart, K., Bustamante-Teixeira, M.T., Butt, N.S., Butt, Z.A., Caetano dos Santos, F.L., Cao, C., Cao, Y., Carreras, G., Catalá-López, F., Cembranel, F., Cerin, E., Chakinala, R.C., Chakraborty, P.A., Chattu, V.K., Chaturvedi, P., Chaurasia, A., Chavan, P.P., Chimed-Ochir, O., Choi, J.-Y.J., Christopher, D.J., Chu, D.-T., Chung, M.T., Conde, J., Costa, V.M., Da'ar, O.B., Dadras, O., Dahlawi, S.M.A., Dai, X., Damiani, G., D'Amico, E., Dandona, L., Dandona, R., Daneshpajouhnejad, P., Darwish, A.H., Daryani, A., De la Hoz, F.P., Debela, S.A., Demie, T.G.G., Demissie, G.D., Demissie, Z.G., Denova-Gutiérrez, E., Derbew Molla, M., Desai, R., Desta, A.A., Dhamnetiya, D., Dharmaratne, S.D., Dhimal, M.L., Dhimal, M., Dianatinasab, M., Didehdar, M., Diress, M., Djalalinia, S., Do, H.P., Doaei, S., Dorostkar, F., dos Santos, W.M., Drake, T.M., Ekholuenetale, M., El Sayed, I., El Sayed Zaki, M., El Tantawi, M., El-Abid, H., Elbahnasawy, M.A., Elbarazi, I., Elhabashy, H.R., Elhadi, M., El-Jaafary, S.I., Enyew, D.B., Erkhembayar, R., Eshrati, B., Eskandarieh, S., Faisaluddin, M., Fares, J., Farooque, U., Fasanmi, A.O., Fatima, W., Ferreira de Oliveira, J.M.P., Ferrero, S., Ferro Desideri, L., Fetensa, G., Filip, I., Fischer, F., Fisher, J.L., Foroutan, M., Fukumoto, T., Gaal, P.A., Gad, M.M., Gaewkhiew, P., Gallus, S., Garg, T., Gebremeskel, T.G., Gemeda, B.N.B., Getachew, T., Ghafourifard, M., Ghamari, S.-H., Ghashghaee, A., Ghassemi, F., Ghith, N., Gholami, A., Gholizadeh Navashenaq, J., Gilani, S.A., Ginindza, T.G., Gizaw, A.T., Glasbey, J.C., Goel, A., Golechha, M., Goleij, P., Golinelli, D., Gopalani, S.V., Gorini, G., Goudarzi, H., Goulart, B.N.G., Grada, A., Gubari, M.I.M., Guerra, M.R., Guha, A., Gupta, B., Gupta, S., Gupta, V.B., Gupta, V.K., Haddadi, R., Hafezi-Nejad, N., Hailu, A., Haj-Mirzaian, A., Halwani, R., Hamadeh, R.R., Hambisa, M.T., Hameed, S., Hamidi, S., Haque, S., Hariri, S., Haro, J.M., Hasaballah, A.I., Hasan, S.M.M., Hashemi, S.M., Hassan, T.S., Hassanipour, S., Hay, S.I., Hayat, K., Hebo, S.H., Heidari, G., Heidari, M., Herrera-Serna, B.Y., Herteliu, C., Heyi, D.Z., Hezam, K., Hole, M.K., Holla, R., Horita, N., Hossain, M.M., Hossain, M.B., Hosseini, M.-S., Hosseini, M., Hosseinzadeh, A., Hosseinzadeh, M., Hostiuc, M., Hostiuc, S., Househ, M., Hsairi, M., Huang, J., Hussein, N.R., Hwang, B.-F., Ibitoye, S.E., Ilesanmi, O.S., Ilic, I.M., Ilic, M.D., Innos, K., Irham, L.M., Islam, R.M., Islam, S.M.S., Ismail, N.E., Isola, G., Iwagami, M., Jacob, L., Jadidi-Niaragh, F., Jain, V., Jakovljevic, M., Janghorban, R., Javadi Mamaghani, A., Jayaram, S., Jayawardena, R., Jazayeri, S.B., Jebai, R., Jha, R.P., Joo, T., Joseph, N., Joukar, F., Jürisson, M., Kaambwa, B., Kabir, A., Kalankesh, L.R., Kaliyadan, F., Kamal, Z., Kamath, A., Kandel, H., Kar, S.S., Karaye, I.M., Karimi, A., Kassa, B.G., Kauppila, J.H., Kemp Bohan, P.M., Kengne, A.P., Kerbo, A.A., Keykhaei, M., Khader, Y.S., Khajuria, H., Khalili, N., Khalili, N., Khan, E.A., Khan, G., Khan, M., Khan, M.N., Khan, M.A., Khanali, J., Khayamzadeh, M., Khosravizadeh, O., Khubchandani, J., Khundkar, R., Kim, M.S., Kim, Y.J., Kisa, A., Kisa, S., Kissimova-Skarbek, K., Kolahi, A.-A., Kopec, J.A., Koteeswaran, R., Koulmane Laxminarayana, S.L., Koyanagi, A., Kugbey, N., Kumar, G.A., Kumar, N., Kwarteng, A., La Vecchia, C., Lan, Q., Landires, I., Lasrado, S., Lauriola, P., Ledda, C., Lee, S.-W., Lee, W.-C., Lee, Y.Y., Lee, Y.H., Leigh, J., Leong, E., Li, B., Li, J., Li, M.-C., Lim, S.S., Liu, X., Lobo, S.W., Loureiro, J.A., Lugo, A., Lunevicius, R., Magdy Abd El Razek, H., Magdy Abd El Razek, M., Mahmoudi, M., Majeed, A., Makki, A., Male, S., Malekpour, M.-R., Malekzadeh, R., Malik, A.A., Mamun, M.A., Manafi, N., Mansour-Ghanaei, F., Mansouri, B., Mansournia, M.A., Martini, S., Masoumi, S.Z., Matei, C.N., Mathur, M.R., McAlinden, C., Mehrotra, R., Mendoza, W., Menezes, R.G., Mentis, A.-F.A., Meretoja, T.J., Mersha, A.G., Mesregah, M.K., Mestrovic, T., Miao Jonasson, J., Miazgowski, B., Michalek, I.M., Miller, T.R., Mingude, A.B., Mirmoeeni, S., Mirzaei, H., Misra, S., Mithra, P., Mohammad, K.A., Mohammadi, M., Mohammadi, S.M., Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A., Mohammadpourhodki, R., Mohammed, A., Mohammed, S., Mohammed, T.A., Moka, N., Mokdad, A.H., Molokhia, M., Momtazmanesh, S., Monasta, L., Moni, M.A., Moradi, G., Moradi, Y., Moradzadeh, M., Moradzadeh, R., Moraga, P., Morrison, S.D., Mostafavi, E., Mousavi Khaneghah, A., Mpundu-Kaambwa, C., Mubarik, S., Mwanri, L., Nabhan, A.F., Nagaraju, S.P., Nagata, C., Naghavi, M., Naimzada, M.D., Naldi, L., Nangia, V., Naqvi, A.A., Narasimha Swamy, S., Narayana, A.I., Nayak, B.P., Nayak, V.C., Nazari, J., Nduaguba, S.O., Negoi, I., Negru, S.M., Nejadghaderi, S.A., Nepal, S., Neupane Kandel, S., Nggada, H.A., Nguyen, C.T., Nnaji, C.A., Nosrati, H., Nouraei, H., Nowroozi, A., Nuñez-Samudio, V., Nwatah, V.E., Nzoputam, C.I., Oancea, B., Odukoya, O.O., Oguntade, A.S., Oh, I.-H., Olagunju, A.T., Olagunju, T.O., Olakunde, B.O., Oluwasanu, M.M., Omar, E., Omar Bali, A., Ong, S., Onwujekwe, O.E., Ortega-Altamirano, D.V., Otstavnov, N., Otstavnov, S.S., Oumer, B., Owolabi, M.O., P A, M., Padron-Monedero, A., Padubidri, J.R., Pakshir, K., Pana, A., Pandey, A., Pardhan, S., Pashazadeh Kan, F., Pasovic, M., Patel, J.R., Pati, S., Pattanshetty, S.M., Paudel, U., Pereira, R.B., Peres, M.F.P., Perianayagam, A., Postma, M.J., Pourjafar, H., Pourshams, A., Prashant, A., Pulakunta, T., Qadir, M.M.F.F., Rabiee, M., Rabiee, N., Radfar, A., Radhakrishnan, R.A., Rafiee, A., Rafiei, A., Rafiei, S., Rahim, F., Rahimzadeh, S., Rahman, M., Rahman, M.A., Rahmani, A.M., Rajesh, A., Ramezani-Doroh, V., Ranabhat, K., Ranasinghe, P., Rao, C.R., Rao, S.J., Rashedi, S., Rashidi, M., Rashidi, M.-M., Rath, G.K., Rawaf, D.L., Rawaf, S., Rawal, L., Rawassizadeh, R., Razeghinia, M.S., Regasa, M.T., Renzaho, A.M.N., Rezaei, M., Rezaei, N., Rezaei, N., Rezaeian, M., Rezapour, A., Rezazadeh-Khadem, S., Riad, A., Rios Lopez, L.E., Rodriguez, J.A.B., Ronfani, L., Roshandel, G., Rwegerera, G.M., Saber-Ayad, M.M., Sabour, S., Saddik, B., Sadeghi, E., Sadeghian, S., Saeed, U., Sahebkar, A., Saif-Ur-Rahman, K.M., Sajadi, S.M., Salahi, S., Salehi, S., Salem, M.R., Salimzadeh, H., Samy, A.M., Sanabria, J., Sanmarchi, F., Sarveazad, A., Sathian, B., Sawhney, M., Sawyer, S.M., Saylan, M., Schneider, I.J.C., Seidu, A.-A., Šekerija, M., Sendo, E.G., Sepanlou, S.G., Seylani, A., Seyoum, K., Sha, F., Shafaat, O., Shaikh, M.A., Shamsoddin, E., Shannawaz, M., Sharma, R., Sheikhbahaei, S., Shetty, A., Shetty, B.S.K., Shetty, P.H., Shin, J.I., Shirkoohi, R., Shivakumar, K.M., Shobeiri, P., Siabani, S., Sibhat, M.M., Siddappa Malleshappa, S.K., Sidemo, N.B., Silva, D.A.S., Silva Julian, G., Singh, A.D., Singh, J.A., Singh, J.K., Singh, S., Sinke, A.H., Sintayehu, Y., Skryabin, V.Y., Skryabina, A.A., Smith, L., Sofi-Mahmudi, A., Soltani-Zangbar, M.S., Song, S., Spurlock, E.E., Steiropoulos, P., Straif, K., Subedi, R., Sufiyan, M.B., Suliankatchi Abdulkader, R., Sultana, S., Szerencsés, V., Szócska, M., Tabaeian, S.P., Tabarés-Seisdedos, R., Tabary, M., Tabuchi, T., Tadbiri, H., Taheri, M., Taherkhani, A., Takahashi, K., Tampa, M., Tan, K.-K., Tat, V.Y., Tavakoli, A., Tbakhi, A., Tehrani-Banihashemi, A., Temsah, M.-H., Tesfay, F.H., Tesfaye, B., Thakur, J.S., Thapar, R., Thavamani, A., Thiyagarajan, A., Thomas, N., Tobe-Gai, R., Togtmol, M., Tohidast, S.A., Tohidinik, H.R., Tolani, M.A., Tollosa, D.N., Touvier, M., Tovani-Palone, M.R., Traini, E., Tran, B.X., Tran, M.T.N., Tripathy, J.P., Tusa, B.S., Ukke, G.G., Ullah, I., Ullah, S., Umapathi, K.K., Unnikrishnan, B., Upadhyay, E., Ushula, T.W., Vacante, M., Valadan Tahbaz, S., Varthya, S.B., Veroux, M., Villeneuve, P.J., Violante, F.S., Vlassov, V., Vu, G.T., Waheed, Y., Wang, N., Ward, P., Weldesenbet, A.B., Wen, Y.F., Westerman, R., Winkler, A.S., Wubishet, B.L., Xu, S., Yahyazadeh Jabbari, S.H., Yang, L., Yaya, S., Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V., Yazie, T.S., Yehualashet, S.S., Yeshaneh, A., Yeshaw, Y., Yirdaw, B.W., Yonemoto, N., Younis, M.Z., Yousefi, Z., Yu, C., Yunusa, I., Zadnik, V., Zahir, M., Zahirian Moghadam, T., Zamani, M., Zamanian, M., Zandian, H., Zare, F., Zastrozhin, M.S., Zastrozhina, A., Zhang, J., Zhang, Z.-J., Ziapour, A., Zoladl, M., Murray, C.J.L., Fitzmaurice, C., Bleyer, A. and Bhakta, N. (2022). The global burden of adolescent and young adult cancer in 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet Oncology. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045Test(21)00581-7

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045Test(21)00581-7
https://openresearch.lsbu.ac.uk/item/9171xTest

المؤلفون: Nichols, E., Steinmetz, J.D., Vollset, S.E., Fukutaki, K., Chalek, J., Abd-Allah, F., Abdoli, A., Abualhasan, A., Abu-Gharbieh, E., Akram, T.T., Al Hamad, H., Alahdab, F., Alanezi, F.M., Alipour, V., Almustanyir, S., Amu, H., Ansari, I., Arabloo, J., Ashraf, T., Astell-Burt, T., Ayano, G., Ayuso-Mateos, J.L., Baig, A.A., Barnett, A., Barrow, A., Baune, B.T., Béjot, Y., Bezabhe, W.M.M., Bezabih, Y.M., Bhagavathula, A.S., Bhaskar, S., Bhattacharyya, K., Bijani, A., Biswas, A., Bolla, S.R., Boloor, A., Brayne, C., Brenner, H., Burkart, K., Burns, R.A., Cámera, L.A., Cao, C., Carvalho, F., Castro-de-Araujo, L.F.S., Catalá-López, F., Cerin, E., Chavan, P.P., Cherbuin, N., Chu, D.-T., Costa, V.M., Couto, R.A.S., Dadras, O., Dai, X., Dandona, L., Dandona, R., De la Cruz-Góngora, V., Dhamnetiya, D., Dias da Silva, D., Diaz, D., Douiri, A., Edvardsson, D., Ekholuenetale, M., El Sayed, I., El-Jaafary, S.I., Eskandari, K., Eskandarieh, S., Esmaeilnejad, S., Fares, J., Faro, A., Farooque, U., Feigin, V.L., Feng, X., Fereshtehnejad, S.-M., Fernandes, E., Ferrara, P., Filip, I., Fillit, H., Fischer, F., Gaidhane, S., Galluzzo, L., Ghashghaee, A., Ghith, N., Gialluisi, A., Gilani, S.A., Glavan, I.-R., Gnedovskaya, E.V., Golechha, M., Gupta, R., Gupta, V.B., Gupta, V.K., Haider, M.R., Hall, B.J., Hamidi, S., Hanif, A., Hankey, G.J., Haque, S., Hartono, R.K., Hasaballah, A.I., Hasan, M.T., Hassan, A., Hay, S.I., Hayat, K., Hegazy, M.I., Heidari, G., Heidari-Soureshjani, R., Herteliu, C., Househ, M., Hussain, R., Hwang, B.-F., Iacoviello, L., Iavicoli, I., Ilesanmi, O.S., Ilic, I.M., Ilic, M.D., Irvani, S.S.N., Iso, H., Iwagami, M., Jabbarinejad, R., Jacob, L., Jain, V., Jayapal, S.K., Jayawardena, R., Jha, R.P., Jonas, J.B., Joseph, N., Kalani, R., Kandel, A., Kandel, H., Karch, A., Kasa, A.S., Kassie, G.M., Keshavarz, P., Khan, M.A., Khatib, M.N., Khoja, T.A.M., Khubchandani, J., Kim, M.S., Kim, Y.J., Kisa, A., Kisa, S., Kivimäki, M., Koroshetz, W.J., Koyanagi, A., Kumar, G.A., Kumar, M., Lak, H.M., Leonardi, M., Li, B., Lim, S.S., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Logroscino, G., Lorkowski, S., Lucchetti, G., Lutzky Saute, R., Magnani, F.G., Malik, A.A., Massano, J., Mehndiratta, M.M., Menezes, R.G., Meretoja, A., Mohajer, B., Mohamed Ibrahim, N., Mohammad, Y., Mohammed, A., Mokdad, A.H., Mondello, S., Moni, M.A.A., Moniruzzaman, M., Mossie, T.B., Nagel, G., Naveed, M., Nayak, V.C., Neupane Kandel, S., Nguyen, T.H., Oancea, B., Otstavnov, N., Otstavnov, S.S., Owolabi, M.O., Panda-Jonas, S., Pashazadeh Kan, F., Pasovic, M., Patel, U.K., Pathak, M., Peres, M.F.P., Perianayagam, A., Peterson, C.B., Phillips, M.R., Pinheiro, M., Piradov, M.A., Pond, C.D., Potashman, M.H., Pottoo, F.H., Prada, S.I., Radfar, A., Raggi, A., Rahim, F., Rahman, M., Ram, P., Ranasinghe, P., Rawaf, D.L., Rawaf, S., Rezaei, N., Rezapour, A., Robinson, S.R., Romoli, M., Roshandel, G., Sahathevan, R., Sahebkar, A., Sahraian, M.A., Sathian, B., Sattin, D., Sawhney, M., Saylan, M., Schiavolin, S., Seylani, A., Sha, F., Shaikh, M.A., Shaji, K.S., Shannawaz, M., Shetty, J.K., Shigematsu, M., Shin, J.I., Shiri, R., Silva, D.A.S., Silva, J.P., Silva, R., Singh, J.A., Skryabin, V.Y., Skryabina, A.A., Smith, A.E., Soshnikov, S., Spurlock, E.E., Stein, D.J., Sun, J., Tabarés-Seisdedos, R., Thakur, B., Timalsina, B., Tovani-Palone, M.R., Tran, B.X., Tsegaye, G.W., Valadan Tahbaz, S., Valdez, P.R., Venketasubramanian, N., Vlassov, V., Vu, G.T., Vu, L.G., Wang, Y.-P., Wimo, A., Winkler, A.S., Yadav, L., Yahyazadeh Jabbari, S.H., Yamagishi, K., Yang, L., Yano, Y., Yonemoto, N., Yu, C., Yunusa, I., Zadey, S., Zastrozhin, M.S., Zastrozhina, A., Zhang, Z.-J., Murray, C.J.L., Vos, T.

الوصف: Background Given the projected trends in population ageing and population growth, the number of people with dementia is expected to increase. In addition, strong evidence has emerged supporting the importance of potentially modifiable risk factors for dementia. Characterising the distribution and magnitude of anticipated growth is crucial for public health planning and resource prioritisation. This study aimed to improve on previous forecasts of dementia prevalence by producing country-level estimates and incorporating information on selected risk factors. Methods We forecasted the prevalence of dementia attributable to the three dementia risk factors included in the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 (high body-mass index, high fasting plasma glucose, and smoking) from 2019 to 2050, using relative risks and forecasted risk factor prevalence to predict GBD risk-attributable prevalence in 2050 globally and by world region and country. Using linear regression models with education included as an additional predictor, we then forecasted the prevalence of dementia not attributable to GBD risks. To assess the relative contribution of future trends in GBD risk factors, education, population growth, and population ageing, we did a decomposition analysis. Findings We estimated that the number of people with dementia would increase from 57·4 (95% uncertainty interval 50·4–65·1) million cases globally in 2019 to 152·8 (130·8–175·9) million cases in 2050. Despite large increases in the projected number of people living with dementia, age-standardised both-sex prevalence remained stable between 2019 and 2050 (global percentage change of 0·1% [–7·5 to 10·8]). We estimated that there were more women with dementia than men with dementia globally in 2019 (female-to-male ratio of 1·69 [1·64–1·73]), and we expect this pattern to continue to 2050 (female-to-male ratio of 1·67 [1·52–1·85]). There was geographical heterogeneity in the projected increases across countries and regions, with the ...

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: https://openresearch.lsbu.ac.uk/download/a9c8b631f7f795e51bd0ceffb9114b07618c0e30bb475cbeb9c48984926c5df7/2828385/PIIS2468266721002498.pdfTest; https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667Test(21)00249-8; Nichols, E., Steinmetz, J.D., Vollset, S.E., Fukutaki, K., Chalek, J., Abd-Allah, F., Abdoli, A., Abualhasan, A., Abu-Gharbieh, E., Akram, T.T., Al Hamad, H., Alahdab, F., Alanezi, F.M., Alipour, V., Almustanyir, S., Amu, H., Ansari, I., Arabloo, J., Ashraf, T., Astell-Burt, T., Ayano, G., Ayuso-Mateos, J.L., Baig, A.A., Barnett, A., Barrow, A., Baune, B.T., Béjot, Y., Bezabhe, W.M.M., Bezabih, Y.M., Bhagavathula, A.S., Bhaskar, S., Bhattacharyya, K., Bijani, A., Biswas, A., Bolla, S.R., Boloor, A., Brayne, C., Brenner, H., Burkart, K., Burns, R.A., Cámera, L.A., Cao, C., Carvalho, F., Castro-de-Araujo, L.F.S., Catalá-López, F., Cerin, E., Chavan, P.P., Cherbuin, N., Chu, D.-T., Costa, V.M., Couto, R.A.S., Dadras, O., Dai, X., Dandona, L., Dandona, R., De la Cruz-Góngora, V., Dhamnetiya, D., Dias da Silva, D., Diaz, D., Douiri, A., Edvardsson, D., Ekholuenetale, M., El Sayed, I., El-Jaafary, S.I., Eskandari, K., Eskandarieh, S., Esmaeilnejad, S., Fares, J., Faro, A., Farooque, U., Feigin, V.L., Feng, X., Fereshtehnejad, S.-M., Fernandes, E., Ferrara, P., Filip, I., Fillit, H., Fischer, F., Gaidhane, S., Galluzzo, L., Ghashghaee, A., Ghith, N., Gialluisi, A., Gilani, S.A., Glavan, I.-R., Gnedovskaya, E.V., Golechha, M., Gupta, R., Gupta, V.B., Gupta, V.K., Haider, M.R., Hall, B.J., Hamidi, S., Hanif, A., Hankey, G.J., Haque, S., Hartono, R.K., Hasaballah, A.I., Hasan, M.T., Hassan, A., Hay, S.I., Hayat, K., Hegazy, M.I., Heidari, G., Heidari-Soureshjani, R., Herteliu, C., Househ, M., Hussain, R., Hwang, B.-F., Iacoviello, L., Iavicoli, I., Ilesanmi, O.S., Ilic, I.M., Ilic, M.D., Irvani, S.S.N., Iso, H., Iwagami, M., Jabbarinejad, R., Jacob, L., Jain, V., Jayapal, S.K., Jayawardena, R., Jha, R.P., Jonas, J.B., Joseph, N., Kalani, R., Kandel, A., Kandel, H., Karch, A., Kasa, A.S., Kassie, G.M., Keshavarz, P., Khan, M.A., Khatib, M.N., Khoja, T.A.M., Khubchandani, J., Kim, M.S., Kim, Y.J., Kisa, A., Kisa, S., Kivimäki, M., Koroshetz, W.J., Koyanagi, A., Kumar, G.A., Kumar, M., Lak, H.M., Leonardi, M., Li, B., Lim, S.S., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Logroscino, G., Lorkowski, S., Lucchetti, G., Lutzky Saute, R., Magnani, F.G., Malik, A.A., Massano, J., Mehndiratta, M.M., Menezes, R.G., Meretoja, A., Mohajer, B., Mohamed Ibrahim, N., Mohammad, Y., Mohammed, A., Mokdad, A.H., Mondello, S., Moni, M.A.A., Moniruzzaman, M., Mossie, T.B., Nagel, G., Naveed, M., Nayak, V.C., Neupane Kandel, S., Nguyen, T.H., Oancea, B., Otstavnov, N., Otstavnov, S.S., Owolabi, M.O., Panda-Jonas, S., Pashazadeh Kan, F., Pasovic, M., Patel, U.K., Pathak, M., Peres, M.F.P., Perianayagam, A., Peterson, C.B., Phillips, M.R., Pinheiro, M., Piradov, M.A., Pond, C.D., Potashman, M.H., Pottoo, F.H., Prada, S.I., Radfar, A., Raggi, A., Rahim, F., Rahman, M., Ram, P., Ranasinghe, P., Rawaf, D.L., Rawaf, S., Rezaei, N., Rezapour, A., Robinson, S.R., Romoli, M., Roshandel, G., Sahathevan, R., Sahebkar, A., Sahraian, M.A., Sathian, B., Sattin, D., Sawhney, M., Saylan, M., Schiavolin, S., Seylani, A., Sha, F., Shaikh, M.A., Shaji, K.S., Shannawaz, M., Shetty, J.K., Shigematsu, M., Shin, J.I., Shiri, R., Silva, D.A.S., Silva, J.P., Silva, R., Singh, J.A., Skryabin, V.Y., Skryabina, A.A., Smith, A.E., Soshnikov, S., Spurlock, E.E., Stein, D.J., Sun, J., Tabarés-Seisdedos, R., Thakur, B., Timalsina, B., Tovani-Palone, M.R., Tran, B.X., Tsegaye, G.W., Valadan Tahbaz, S., Valdez, P.R., Venketasubramanian, N., Vlassov, V., Vu, G.T., Vu, L.G., Wang, Y.-P., Wimo, A., Winkler, A.S., Yadav, L., Yahyazadeh Jabbari, S.H., Yamagishi, K., Yang, L., Yano, Y., Yonemoto, N., Yu, C., Yunusa, I., Zadey, S., Zastrozhin, M.S., Zastrozhina, A., Zhang, Z.-J., Murray, C.J.L. and Vos, T. (2022). Estimation of the global prevalence of dementia in 2019 and forecasted prevalence in 2050: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet Public Health. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667Test(21)00249-8

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667Test(21)00249-8
https://openresearch.lsbu.ac.uk/item/9171qTest
https://openresearch.lsbu.ac.uk/download/a9c8b631f7f795e51bd0ceffb9114b07618c0e30bb475cbeb9c48984926c5df7/2828385/PIIS2468266721002498.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Foresti, R., Costa, V.M., Daiber, A., Lastres-Becker, I., Demirdögen, B.C., Morgenstern, C., Motterlini, R.

مصطلحات موضوعية: NRF2, HMOX1 gene, human, nonhuman, NQO1 gene, Nrf2 signaling, oxidative stress, protein function, Review, SRXN1 gene, translational research, TXNRD1 gene, Biomarker, Oxidative stress response, Target genes, Transcription factor, biological marker, glutamate cysteine ligase, glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit, glutamate cysteine ligase modifier subunit, heme oxygenase 1, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate quinone dehydrogenase 1, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate dehydrogenase, sulfiredoxin 1, thioredoxin reductase 1, transcription factor Nrf2, unclassified drug, body fluid, cell protection, GCLC gene

الوصف: The cytoprotective transcription factor NRF2 regulates the expression of several hundred genes in mammalian cells and is a promising therapeutic target in a number of diseases associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. Hence, an ability to monitor basal and inducible NRF2 signalling is vital for mechanistic understanding in translational studies. Due to some caveats related to the direct measurement of NRF2 levels, the modulation of NRF2 activity is typically determined by measuring changes in the expression of one or more of its target genes and/or the associated protein products. However, there is a lack of consensus regarding the most relevant set of these genes/proteins that best represents NRF2 activity across cell types and species. We present the findings of a comprehensive literature search that according to stringent criteria identifies GCLC, GCLM, HMOX1, NQO1, SRXN1 and TXNRD1 as a robust panel of markers that are directly regulated by NRF2 in multiple cell and tissue types. We assess the relevance of these markers in clinically accessible biofluids and highlight future challenges in the development and use of NRF2 biomarkers in humans. © 2024 The Authors ; European Cooperation in Science and Technology, COST: CA20121; Medical Research Council, MRC: MR/X007413/1

العلاقة: Redox Biology; DiÄŸer; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2024.103134Test; https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11851/11559Test; 72; WOS:001233628200001; 2-s2.0-85190738421

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/20.500.11851/1155910.1016/j.redox.2024.103134Test
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11851/11559Test

المؤلفون: Paulson, K.R., Kamath, A.M., Alam, T., Bienhoff, K., Abady, G.G., Abbas, J., Abbasi-Kangevari, M., Abbastabar, H., Abd-Allah, F., Abd-Elsalam, S.M., Abdoli, A., Abedi, A., Abolhassani, H., Abreu, L.G., Abu-Gharbieh, E., Abu-Rmeileh, N.M., Abushouk, A.I., Adamu, A.L., Adebayo, O.M., Adegbosin, A.E., Adekanmbi, V., Adetokunboh, O.O., Adeyinka, D.A., Adsuar, J.C., Afshari, K., Aghaali, M., Agudelo-Botero, M., Ahinkorah, B.O., Ahmad, T., Ahmadi, K., Ahmed, M.B., Aji, B., Akalu, Y., Akinyemi, O.O., Aklilu, A., Al-Aly, Z., Alam, K., Alanezi, F.M., Alanzi, T.M., Alcalde-Rabanal, J.E., Al-Eyadhy, A., Ali, T., Alicandro, G., Alif, S.M., Alipour, V., Alizade, H., Aljunid, S.M., Almasi-Hashiani, A., Almasri, N.A., Al-Mekhlafi, H.M., Alonso, J., Al-Raddadi, R.M., Altirkawi, K.A., Alumran, A.K., Alvis-Guzman, N., Alvis-Zakzuk, N.J., Ameyaw, E.K., Amini, S., Amini-Rarani, M., Amit, A.M.L., Amugsi, D.A., Ancuceanu, R., Anderlini, D., Andrei, C.L., Ansari, F., Ansari-Moghaddam, A., Antonio, C.A.T., Antriyandarti, E., Anvari, D., Anwer, R., Aqeel, M., Arabloo, J., Arab-Zozani, M., Aripov, T., Ärnlöv, J., Artanti, K.D., Arzani, A., Asaad, M., Asadi-Aliabadi, M., Asadi-Pooya, A.A., Asghari Jafarabadi, M., Athari, S.S., Athari, S.M., Atnafu, D.D., Atreya, A., Atteraya, M.S., Ausloos, M., Awan, A.T., Ayala Quintanilla, B.P., Ayano, G., Ayanore, M.A., Aynalem, Y.A., Azari, S., Azarian, G., Azene, Z.N., B, D.B., Babaee, E., Badiye, A.D., Baig, A.A., Banach, M., Banik, P.C., Barker-Collo, S.L., Barqawi, H.J., Bassat, Q., Basu, S., Baune, B.T., Bayati, M., Bedi, N., Beghi, E., Beghi, M., Bell, M.L., Bendak, S., Bennett, D.A., Bensenor, I.M., Berhe, K., Berman, A.E., Bezabih, Y.M., Bhagavathula, A.S., Bhandari, D., Bhardwaj, N., Bhardwaj, P., Bhattacharyya, K., Bhattarai, S., Bhutta, Z.A., Bikbov, B., Biondi, A., Birihane, B.M., Biswas, R.K., Bohlouli, S., Bragazzi, N.L., Breusov, A.V., Brunoni, A.R., Burkart, K., Burugina Nagaraja, S., Busse, R., Butt, Z.A., Caetano dos Santos, F.L., Cahuana-Hurtado, L., Camargos, P., Cámera, L.A., Cárdenas, R., Carreras, G., Carrero, J.J., Carvalho, F., Castaldelli-Maia, J.M., Castañeda-Orjuela, C.A., Castelpietra, G., Cerin, E., Chang, J.-C., Chanie, W.F., Charan, J., Chatterjee, S., Chattu, S.K., Chattu, V.K., Chaturvedi, S., Chen, S., Cho, D.Y., Choi, J.-Y.J., Chu, D.-T., Ciobanu, L.G., Cirillo, M., Conde, J., Costa, V.M., Couto, R.A.S., Dachew, B.A., Dahlawi, S.M.A., Dai, H., Dai, X., Dandona, L., Dandona, R., Daneshpajouhnejad, P., Darmstadt, G.L., Das, J.K., Dávila-Cervantes, C.A., Davis, A.C., Davletov, K., De la Hoz, F.P., De Leo, D., Deeba, F., Denova-Gutiérrez, E., Dervenis, N., Desalew, A., Deuba, K., Dey, S., Dharmaratne, S.D., Dhingra, S., Dhungana, G.P., Dias da Silva, D., Diaz, D., Dorostkar, F., Doshmangir, L., Dubljanin, E., Duraes, A.R., Eagan, A.W., Edinur, H.A., Efendi, F., Eftekharzadeh, S., El Sayed, I., El Tantawi, M., Elbarazi, I., Elgendy, I.Y., El-Jaafary, S.I., Emami, A., Enany, S., Eyawo, O., Ezzikouri, S., Faris, P.S., Farzadfar, F., Fattahi, N., Fauk, N.K., Fazlzadeh, M., Feigin, V.L., Ferede, T.Y., Fereshtehnejad, S.-M., Fernandes, E., Ferrara, P., Filip, I., Fischer, F., Fisher, J.L., Foigt, N.A., Folayan, M.O., Foroutan, M., Franklin, R.C., Freitas, M., Friedman, S.D., Fukumoto, T., Gad, M.M., Gaidhane, A.M., Gaidhane, S., Gaihre, S., Gallus, S., Garcia-Basteiro, A.L., Garcia-Gordillo, M.A., Gardner, W.M., Gaspar Fonseca, M., Gebremedhin, K.B., Getacher, L., Ghashghaee, A., Gholamian, A., Gilani, S.A., Gill, T.K., Giussani, G., Gnedovskaya, E.V., Godinho, M.A., Goel, A., Golechha, M., Gona, P.N., Gopalani, S.V., Goudarzi, H., Grivna, M., Gugnani, H.C., Guido, D., Guimarães, R.A., Gupta, R.D., Gupta, R., Hafezi-Nejad, N., Haider, M.R., Haj-Mirzaian, A., Hamidi, S., Hanif, A., Hankey, G.J., Hargono, A., Hasaballah, A.I., Hasan, M.M., Hasan, S.S., Hassan, A., Hassanipour, S., Hassankhani, H., Havmoeller, R.J., Hayat, K., Heidari-Soureshjani, R., Henry, N.J., Herteliu, C., Hole, M.K., Holla, R., Hossain, N., Hosseini, M., Hosseinzadeh, M., Hostiuc, M., Hostiuc, S., Househ, M., Huang, J., Humayun, A., Hwang, B.-F., Iavicoli, I., Ibitoye, S.E., Ikuta, K.S., Ilesanmi, O.S., Ilic, I.M., Ilic, M.D., Inamdar, S., Inbaraj, L.R., Iqbal, K., Iqbal, U., Islam, M.M., Islam, S.M.S., Iso, H., Iwagami, M., Iwu, C.C.D., Jaafari, J., Jacobsen, K.H., Jagnoor, J., Jain, V., Janodia, M.D., Javaheri, T., Javanmardi, F., Jayaram, S., Jayatilleke, A.U., Jenabi, E., Jha, R.P., Ji, J.S., John, O., Jonas, J.B., Joo, T., Joseph, N., Joukar, F., Jozwiak, J.J., Jürisson, M., Kabir, A., Kabir, Z., Kalankesh, L.R., Kamyari, N., Kanchan, T., Kapoor, N., Karami Matin, B., Karch, A., Karimi, S.E., Kassahun, G., Kayode, G.A., Kazemi Karyani, A., Kemmer, L., Khalid, N., Khalilov, R., Khammarnia, M., Khan, E.A., Khan, G., Khan, M., Khan, M.N., Khang, Y.-H., Khatab, K., Khater, A.M., Khater, M.M., Khayamzadeh, M., Khosravi, A., Kim, D., Kim, Y.-E., Kim, Y.J., Kimokoti, R.W., Kisa, A., Kisa, S., Kissoon, N., Kopec, J.A., Kosen, S., Koul, P.A., Koulmane Laxminarayana, S.L., Koyanagi, A., Krishan, K., Krishnamoorthy, V., Kuate Defo, B., Kucuk Bicer, B., Kulkarni, V., Kumar, G.A., Kumar, M., Kumar, N., Kurmi, O.P., Kusuma, D., La Vecchia, C., Lacey, B., Lalloo, R., Lami, F.H., Landires, I., Larsson, A.O., Lasrado, S., Lassi, Z.S., Lauriola, P., Lee, P.H., Lee, S.W.H., Lee, Y.H., Leigh, J., Leonardi, M., Lewycka, S., Li, B., Li, S., Liang, J., Lim, L.-L., Limenih, M.A., Lin, R.-T., Liu, X., Lodha, R., Lopez, A.D., Lozano, R., Lugo, A., Lunevicius, R., Mackay, M.T., Madhava Kunjathur, S., Magnani, F.G., Mahadeshwara Prasad, D.R., Maheri, M., Mahmoudi, M., Majeed, A., Maled, V., Maleki, A., Maleki, S., Malekzadeh, R., Malik, A.A., Malta, D.C., Mamun, A.A., Mansouri, B., Mansournia, M.A., Martinez, G., Martini, S., Martins-Melo, F.R., Masoumi, S.Z., Maulik, P.K., McAlinden, C., McGrath, J.J., Medina-Solís, C.E., Mehrabi Nasab, E., Mejia-Rodriguez, F., Memish, Z.A., Mendoza, W., Menezes, R.G., Mengesha, E.W., Mensah, G.A., Meretoja, A., Meretoja, T.J., Mersha, A.M., Mestrovic, T., Miazgowski, B., Miazgowski, T., Michalek, I.M., Miller, T.R., Mini, G.K., Miri, M., Mirica, A., Mirrakhimov, E.M., Mirzaei, H., Mirzaei, M., Moazen, B., Moghadaszadeh, M., Mohajer, B., Mohamad, O., Mohammad, Y., Mohammadi, S.M., Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A., Mohammed, S., Mokdad, A.H., Molokhia, M., Monasta, L., Mondello, S., Moni, M.A., Moore, C.E., Moradi, G., Moradi, M., Moradzadeh, R., Moraga, P., Morawska, L., Morrison, S.D., Mosser, J.F., Mousavi Khaneghah, A., Mustafa, G., Naderi, M., Nagarajan, A.J., Nagaraju, S.P., Naghavi, M., Naghshtabrizi, B., Naimzada, M.D., Nangia, V., Narasimha Swamy, S., Nascimento, B.R., Naveed, M., Nazari, J., Ndejjo, R., Negoi, I., Negoi, R.I., Nena, E., Nepal, S., Netsere, H.B., Nguefack-Tsague, G., Ngunjiri, J.W., Nguyen, C.T.Y., Nguyen, C.T., Nguyen, H.L.T., Nigatu, Y.T., Nigussie, S.N., Nixon, M.R., Nnaji, C.A., Nomura, S., Noor, N.M., Noubiap, J.J., Nuñez-Samudio, V., Nwatah, V.E., Oancea, B., Odukoya, O.O., Ogbo, F.A., Olusanya, B.O., Olusanya, J.O., Omar Bali, A., Onwujekwe, O.E., Ortiz, A., Otoiu, A., Otstavnov, N., Otstavnov, S.S., Owolabi, M.O., P A, M., Padubidri, J.R., Pakhale, S., Pakshir, K., Pal, P.K., Palladino, R., Pana, A., Panda-Jonas, S., Pandey, A., Pandi-Perumal, S.R., Pangaribuan, H.U., Pardo-Montaño, A.M., Park, E.-K., Patel, S.K., Patton, G.C., Pawar, S., Pazoki Toroudi, H., Peden, A.E., Pepito, V.C.F., Peprah, E.K., Pereira, J., Pérez-Gómez, J., Perico, N., Pesudovs, K., Pilgrim, T., Pinheiro, M., Piradov, M.A., Pirsaheb, M., Platts-Mills, J.A., Pokhrel, K.N., Postma, M.J., Pourjafar, H., Prada, S.I., Prakash, S., Pupillo, E., Quazi Syed, Z., Rabiee, N., Radfar, A., Rafiee, A., Rafiei, A., Raggi, A., Rahimzadeh, S., Rahman, M.H.U., Rahmani, A.M., Ramezanzadeh, K., Rana, J., Ranabhat, C.L., Rao, S.J., Rasella, D., Rastogi, P., Rathi, P., Rawaf, D.L., Rawaf, S., Rawasia, W.F., Rawassizadeh, R., Reiner, R.C., Remuzzi, G., Renzaho, A.M.N., Reshmi, B., Resnikoff, S., Rezaei, N., Rezapour, A., Riahi, S.M., Ribeiro, D., Rickard, J., Roever, L., Ronfani, L., Rothenbacher, D., Rubagotti, E., Rumisha, S.F., Ryan, P.M., Saddik, B., Sadeghi, E., Saeedi Moghaddam, S., Sagar, R., Sahebkar, A., Salahshoor, M.R., Salehi, S., Salem, M.R., Salimzadeh, H., Salomon, J.A., Samodra, Y.L., Samy, A.M., Sanabria, J., Santric-Milicevic, M.M., Saraswathy, S.Y.I., Sarker, A.R., Sarrafzadegan, N., Sarveazad, A., Sathian, B., Sathish, T., Sattin, D., Saxena, S., Saya, G.K., Saylan, M., Schiavolin, S., Schlaich, M.P., Schwebel, D.C., Schwendicke, F., Senthilkumaran, S., Sepanlou, S.G., Serván-Mori, E., Sha, F., Shafaat, O., Shahabi, S., Shahbaz, M., Shaheen, A.A., Shahid, I., Shaikh, M.A., Shakiba, S., Shalash, A.S., Shams-Beyranvand, M., Shannawaz, M., Sharafi, K., Sheikh, A., Sheikhbahaei, S., Shiferaw, W.S., Shigematsu, M., Shin, J.I., Shiri, R., Shiue, I., Shuval, K., Siddiqi, T.J., Sidemo, N.B., Sigfusdottir, I.D., Sigurvinsdottir, R., Silva, J.P., Silverberg, J.I.S., Simonetti, B., Singh, B.B., Singh, J.A., Singhal, D., Sinha, D.N., Skiadaresi, E., Skryabin, V.Y., Skryabina, A.A., Sleet, D.A., Sobaih, B.H., Sobhiyeh, M.R., Soltani, S., Soriano, J.B., Spurlock, E.E., Sreeramareddy, C.T., Steiropoulos, P., Stokes, M.A., Stortecky, S., Sufiyan, M.B., Suliankatchi Abdulkader, R., Sulo, G., Swope, C.B., Sykes, B.L., Szeto, M.D., Szócska, M., Tabarés-Seisdedos, R., Tadesse, E.G., Taherkhani, A., Tamiru, A.T., Tareque, M.I., Tehrani-Banihashemi, A., Temsah, M.-H., Tesfay, F.H., Tessema, G.A., Tessema, Z.T., Thankappan, K.R., Thapar, R., Tolani, M.A., Tovani-Palone, M.R., Traini, E., Tran, B.X., Tripathy, J.P., Tsapparellas, G., Tsatsakis, A., Tudor Car, L., Uddin, R., Ullah, A., Umeokonkwo, C.D., Unim, B., Unnikrishnan, B., Upadhyay, E., Usman, M.S., Vacante, M., Vaezi, M., Valadan Tahbaz, S., Valdez, P.R., Vasankari, T.J., Venketasubramanian, N., Verma, M., Violante, F.S., Vlassov, V., Vo, B., Vu, G.T., Wado, Y.D., Waheed, Y., Wamai, R.G., Wang, Y., Wang, Y.-P., Ward, P., Werdecker, A., Westerman, R., Wickramasinghe, N.D., Wilner, L.B., Wiysonge, C.S., Wu, A.-M., Wu, C., Xie, Y., Yahyazadeh Jabbari, S.H., Yamagishi, K., Yandrapalli, S., Yaya, S., Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V., Yip, P., Yonemoto, N., Yoon, S.-J., Younis, M.Z., Yousefi, Z., Yousefinezhadi, T., Yu, C., Yusuf, S.S., Zaidi, S.S., Zaman, S.B., Zamani, M., Zamanian, M., Zastrozhin, M.S., Zastrozhina, A., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z.-J., Zhao, X.-J.G., Ziapour, A., Hay, S.I., Murray, C.J.L., Wang, H., Kassebaum, N.J.

الوصف: Background Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 has targeted elimination of preventable child mortality, reduction of neonatal death to less than 12 per 1000 livebirths, and reduction of death of children younger than 5 years to less than 25 per 1000 livebirths, for each country by 2030. To understand current rates, recent trends, and potential trajectories of child mortality for the next decade, we present the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 findings for all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality in children younger than 5 years of age, with multiple scenarios for child mortality in 2030 that include the consideration of potential effects of COVID-19, and a novel framework for quantifying optimal child survival. Methods We completed all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality analyses from 204 countries and territories for detailed age groups separately, with aggregated mortality probabilities per 1000 livebirths computed for neonatal mortality rate (NMR) and under-5 mortality rate (U5MR). Scenarios for 2030 represent different potential trajectories, notably including potential effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the potential impact of improvements preferentially targeting neonatal survival. Optimal child survival metrics were developed by age, sex, and cause of death across all GBD location-years. The first metric is a global optimum and is based on the lowest observed mortality, and the second is a survival potential frontier that is based on stochastic frontier analysis of observed mortality and Healthcare Access and Quality Index. Findings Global U5MR decreased from 71·2 deaths per 1000 livebirths (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 68·3–74·0) in 2000 to 37·1 (33·2–41·7) in 2019 while global NMR correspondingly declined more slowly from 28·0 deaths per 1000 live births (26·8–29·5) in 2000 to 17·9 (16·3–19·8) in 2019. In 2019, 136 (67%) of 204 countries had a U5MR at or below the SDG 3.2 threshold and 133 (65%) had an NMR at or below the SDG 3.2 threshold, and the ...

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: https://openresearch.lsbu.ac.uk/download/3250be9e6bfa8bfb9cdf9e245114a0e74dbd332aa9a301bdfe5eb455620bf7fa/3949172/PIIS0140673621012071.pdfTest; https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736Test(21)01207-1; Paulson, K.R., Kamath, A.M., Alam, T., Bienhoff, K., Abady, G.G., Abbas, J., Abbasi-Kangevari, M., Abbastabar, H., Abd-Allah, F., Abd-Elsalam, S.M., Abdoli, A., Abedi, A., Abolhassani, H., Abreu, L.G., Abu-Gharbieh, E., Abu-Rmeileh, N.M., Abushouk, A.I., Adamu, A.L., Adebayo, O.M., Adegbosin, A.E., Adekanmbi, V., Adetokunboh, O.O., Adeyinka, D.A., Adsuar, J.C., Afshari, K., Aghaali, M., Agudelo-Botero, M., Ahinkorah, B.O., Ahmad, T., Ahmadi, K., Ahmed, M.B., Aji, B., Akalu, Y., Akinyemi, O.O., Aklilu, A., Al-Aly, Z., Alam, K., Alanezi, F.M., Alanzi, T.M., Alcalde-Rabanal, J.E., Al-Eyadhy, A., Ali, T., Alicandro, G., Alif, S.M., Alipour, V., Alizade, H., Aljunid, S.M., Almasi-Hashiani, A., Almasri, N.A., Al-Mekhlafi, H.M., Alonso, J., Al-Raddadi, R.M., Altirkawi, K.A., Alumran, A.K., Alvis-Guzman, N., Alvis-Zakzuk, N.J., Ameyaw, E.K., Amini, S., Amini-Rarani, M., Amit, A.M.L., Amugsi, D.A., Ancuceanu, R., Anderlini, D., Andrei, C.L., Ansari, F., Ansari-Moghaddam, A., Antonio, C.A.T., Antriyandarti, E., Anvari, D., Anwer, R., Aqeel, M., Arabloo, J., Arab-Zozani, M., Aripov, T., Ärnlöv, J., Artanti, K.D., Arzani, A., Asaad, M., Asadi-Aliabadi, M., Asadi-Pooya, A.A., Asghari Jafarabadi, M., Athari, S.S., Athari, S.M., Atnafu, D.D., Atreya, A., Atteraya, M.S., Ausloos, M., Awan, A.T., Ayala Quintanilla, B.P., Ayano, G., Ayanore, M.A., Aynalem, Y.A., Azari, S., Azarian, G., Azene, Z.N., B, D.B., Babaee, E., Badiye, A.D., Baig, A.A., Banach, M., Banik, P.C., Barker-Collo, S.L., Barqawi, H.J., Bassat, Q., Basu, S., Baune, B.T., Bayati, M., Bedi, N., Beghi, E., Beghi, M., Bell, M.L., Bendak, S., Bennett, D.A., Bensenor, I.M., Berhe, K., Berman, A.E., Bezabih, Y.M., Bhagavathula, A.S., Bhandari, D., Bhardwaj, N., Bhardwaj, P., Bhattacharyya, K., Bhattarai, S., Bhutta, Z.A., Bikbov, B., Biondi, A., Birihane, B.M., Biswas, R.K., Bohlouli, S., Bragazzi, N.L., Breusov, A.V., Brunoni, A.R., Burkart, K., Burugina Nagaraja, S., Busse, R., Butt, Z.A., Caetano dos Santos, F.L., Cahuana-Hurtado, L., Camargos, P., Cámera, L.A., Cárdenas, R., Carreras, G., Carrero, J.J., Carvalho, F., Castaldelli-Maia, J.M., Castañeda-Orjuela, C.A., Castelpietra, G., Cerin, E., Chang, J.-C., Chanie, W.F., Charan, J., Chatterjee, S., Chattu, S.K., Chattu, V.K., Chaturvedi, S., Chen, S., Cho, D.Y., Choi, J.-Y.J., Chu, D.-T., Ciobanu, L.G., Cirillo, M., Conde, J., Costa, V.M., Couto, R.A.S., Dachew, B.A., Dahlawi, S.M.A., Dai, H., Dai, X., Dandona, L., Dandona, R., Daneshpajouhnejad, P., Darmstadt, G.L., Das, J.K., Dávila-Cervantes, C.A., Davis, A.C., Davletov, K., De la Hoz, F.P., De Leo, D., Deeba, F., Denova-Gutiérrez, E., Dervenis, N., Desalew, A., Deuba, K., Dey, S., Dharmaratne, S.D., Dhingra, S., Dhungana, G.P., Dias da Silva, D., Diaz, D., Dorostkar, F., Doshmangir, L., Dubljanin, E., Duraes, A.R., Eagan, A.W., Edinur, H.A., Efendi, F., Eftekharzadeh, S., El Sayed, I., El Tantawi, M., Elbarazi, I., Elgendy, I.Y., El-Jaafary, S.I., Emami, A., Enany, S., Eyawo, O., Ezzikouri, S., Faris, P.S., Farzadfar, F., Fattahi, N., Fauk, N.K., Fazlzadeh, M., Feigin, V.L., Ferede, T.Y., Fereshtehnejad, S.-M., Fernandes, E., Ferrara, P., Filip, I., Fischer, F., Fisher, J.L., Foigt, N.A., Folayan, M.O., Foroutan, M., Franklin, R.C., Freitas, M., Friedman, S.D., Fukumoto, T., Gad, M.M., Gaidhane, A.M., Gaidhane, S., Gaihre, S., Gallus, S., Garcia-Basteiro, A.L., Garcia-Gordillo, M.A., Gardner, W.M., Gaspar Fonseca, M., Gebremedhin, K.B., Getacher, L., Ghashghaee, A., Gholamian, A., Gilani, S.A., Gill, T.K., Giussani, G., Gnedovskaya, E.V., Godinho, M.A., Goel, A., Golechha, M., Gona, P.N., Gopalani, S.V., Goudarzi, H., Grivna, M., Gugnani, H.C., Guido, D., Guimarães, R.A., Gupta, R.D., Gupta, R., Hafezi-Nejad, N., Haider, M.R., Haj-Mirzaian, A., Hamidi, S., Hanif, A., Hankey, G.J., Hargono, A., Hasaballah, A.I., Hasan, M.M., Hasan, S.S., Hassan, A., Hassanipour, S., Hassankhani, H., Havmoeller, R.J., Hayat, K., Heidari-Soureshjani, R., Henry, N.J., Herteliu, C., Hole, M.K., Holla, R., Hossain, N., Hosseini, M., Hosseinzadeh, M., Hostiuc, M., Hostiuc, S., Househ, M., Huang, J., Humayun, A., Hwang, B.-F., Iavicoli, I., Ibitoye, S.E., Ikuta, K.S., Ilesanmi, O.S., Ilic, I.M., Ilic, M.D., Inamdar, S., Inbaraj, L.R., Iqbal, K., Iqbal, U., Islam, M.M., Islam, S.M.S., Iso, H., Iwagami, M., Iwu, C.C.D., Jaafari, J., Jacobsen, K.H., Jagnoor, J., Jain, V., Janodia, M.D., Javaheri, T., Javanmardi, F., Jayaram, S., Jayatilleke, A.U., Jenabi, E., Jha, R.P., Ji, J.S., John, O., Jonas, J.B., Joo, T., Joseph, N., Joukar, F., Jozwiak, J.J., Jürisson, M., Kabir, A., Kabir, Z., Kalankesh, L.R., Kamyari, N., Kanchan, T., Kapoor, N., Karami Matin, B., Karch, A., Karimi, S.E., Kassahun, G., Kayode, G.A., Kazemi Karyani, A., Kemmer, L., Khalid, N., Khalilov, R., Khammarnia, M., Khan, E.A., Khan, G., Khan, M., Khan, M.N., Khang, Y.-H., Khatab, K., Khater, A.M., Khater, M.M., Khayamzadeh, M., Khosravi, A., Kim, D., Kim, Y.-E., Kim, Y.J., Kimokoti, R.W., Kisa, A., Kisa, S., Kissoon, N., Kopec, J.A., Kosen, S., Koul, P.A., Koulmane Laxminarayana, S.L., Koyanagi, A., Krishan, K., Krishnamoorthy, V., Kuate Defo, B., Kucuk Bicer, B., Kulkarni, V., Kumar, G.A., Kumar, M., Kumar, N., Kurmi, O.P., Kusuma, D., La Vecchia, C., Lacey, B., Lalloo, R., Lami, F.H., Landires, I., Larsson, A.O., Lasrado, S., Lassi, Z.S., Lauriola, P., Lee, P.H., Lee, S.W.H., Lee, Y.H., Leigh, J., Leonardi, M., Lewycka, S., Li, B., Li, S., Liang, J., Lim, L.-L., Limenih, M.A., Lin, R.-T., Liu, X., Lodha, R., Lopez, A.D., Lozano, R., Lugo, A., Lunevicius, R., Mackay, M.T., Madhava Kunjathur, S., Magnani, F.G., Mahadeshwara Prasad, D.R., Maheri, M., Mahmoudi, M., Majeed, A., Maled, V., Maleki, A., Maleki, S., Malekzadeh, R., Malik, A.A., Malta, D.C., Mamun, A.A., Mansouri, B., Mansournia, M.A., Martinez, G., Martini, S., Martins-Melo, F.R., Masoumi, S.Z., Maulik, P.K., McAlinden, C., McGrath, J.J., Medina-Solís, C.E., Mehrabi Nasab, E., Mejia-Rodriguez, F., Memish, Z.A., Mendoza, W., Menezes, R.G., Mengesha, E.W., Mensah, G.A., Meretoja, A., Meretoja, T.J., Mersha, A.M., Mestrovic, T., Miazgowski, B., Miazgowski, T., Michalek, I.M., Miller, T.R., Mini, G.K., Miri, M., Mirica, A., Mirrakhimov, E.M., Mirzaei, H., Mirzaei, M., Moazen, B., Moghadaszadeh, M., Mohajer, B., Mohamad, O., Mohammad, Y., Mohammadi, S.M., Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A., Mohammed, S., Mokdad, A.H., Molokhia, M., Monasta, L., Mondello, S., Moni, M.A., Moore, C.E., Moradi, G., Moradi, M., Moradzadeh, R., Moraga, P., Morawska, L., Morrison, S.D., Mosser, J.F., Mousavi Khaneghah, A., Mustafa, G., Naderi, M., Nagarajan, A.J., Nagaraju, S.P., Naghavi, M., Naghshtabrizi, B., Naimzada, M.D., Nangia, V., Narasimha Swamy, S., Nascimento, B.R., Naveed, M., Nazari, J., Ndejjo, R., Negoi, I., Negoi, R.I., Nena, E., Nepal, S., Netsere, H.B., Nguefack-Tsague, G., Ngunjiri, J.W., Nguyen, C.T.Y., Nguyen, C.T., Nguyen, H.L.T., Nigatu, Y.T., Nigussie, S.N., Nixon, M.R., Nnaji, C.A., Nomura, S., Noor, N.M., Noubiap, J.J., Nuñez-Samudio, V., Nwatah, V.E., Oancea, B., Odukoya, O.O., Ogbo, F.A., Olusanya, B.O., Olusanya, J.O., Omar Bali, A., Onwujekwe, O.E., Ortiz, A., Otoiu, A., Otstavnov, N., Otstavnov, S.S., Owolabi, M.O., P A, M., Padubidri, J.R., Pakhale, S., Pakshir, K., Pal, P.K., Palladino, R., Pana, A., Panda-Jonas, S., Pandey, A., Pandey, A., Pandi-Perumal, S.R., Pangaribuan, H.U., Pardo-Montaño, A.M., Park, E.-K., Patel, S.K., Patton, G.C., Pawar, S., Pazoki Toroudi, H., Peden, A.E., Pepito, V.C.F., Peprah, E.K., Pereira, J., Pérez-Gómez, J., Perico, N., Pesudovs, K., Pilgrim, T., Pinheiro, M., Piradov, M.A., Pirsaheb, M., Platts-Mills, J.A., Pokhrel, K.N., Postma, M.J., Pourjafar, H., Prada, S.I., Prakash, S., Pupillo, E., Quazi Syed, Z., Rabiee, N., Radfar, A., Rafiee, A., Rafiei, A., Raggi, A., Rahimzadeh, S., Rahman, M.H.U., Rahmani, A.M., Ramezanzadeh, K., Rana, J., Ranabhat, C.L., Rao, S.J., Rasella, D., Rastogi, P., Rathi, P., Rawaf, D.L., Rawaf, S., Rawasia, W.F., Rawassizadeh, R., Reiner, R.C., Remuzzi, G., Renzaho, A.M.N., Reshmi, B., Resnikoff, S., Rezaei, N., Rezaei, N., Rezapour, A., Riahi, S.M., Ribeiro, D., Rickard, J., Roever, L., Ronfani, L., Rothenbacher, D., Rubagotti, E., Rumisha, S.F., Ryan, P.M., Saddik, B., Sadeghi, E., Saeedi Moghaddam, S., Sagar, R., Sahebkar, A., Salahshoor, M.R., Salehi, S., Salem, M.R., Salimzadeh, H., Salomon, J.A., Samodra, Y.L., Samy, A.M., Sanabria, J., Santric-Milicevic, M.M., Saraswathy, S.Y.I., Sarker, A.R., Sarrafzadegan, N., Sarveazad, A., Sathian, B., Sathish, T., Sattin, D., Saxena, S., Saya, G.K., Saylan, M., Schiavolin, S., Schlaich, M.P., Schwebel, D.C., Schwendicke, F., Senthilkumaran, S., Sepanlou, S.G., Serván-Mori, E., Sha, F., Shafaat, O., Shahabi, S., Shahbaz, M., Shaheen, A.A., Shahid, I., Shaikh, M.A., Shakiba, S., Shalash, A.S., Shams-Beyranvand, M., Shannawaz, M., Sharafi, K., Sheikh, A., Sheikhbahaei, S., Shiferaw, W.S., Shigematsu, M., Shin, J.I., Shiri, R., Shiue, I., Shuval, K., Siddiqi, T.J., Sidemo, N.B., Sigfusdottir, I.D., Sigurvinsdottir, R., Silva, J.P., Silverberg, J.I.S., Simonetti, B., Singh, B.B., Singh, J.A., Singhal, D., Sinha, D.N., Skiadaresi, E., Skryabin, V.Y., Skryabina, A.A., Sleet, D.A., Sobaih, B.H., Sobhiyeh, M.R., Soltani, S., Soriano, J.B., Spurlock, E.E., Sreeramareddy, C.T., Steiropoulos, P., Stokes, M.A., Stortecky, S., Sufiyan, M.B., Suliankatchi Abdulkader, R., Sulo, G., Swope, C.B., Sykes, B.L., Szeto, M.D., Szócska, M., Tabarés-Seisdedos, R., Tadesse, E.G., Taherkhani, A., Tamiru, A.T., Tareque, M.I., Tehrani-Banihashemi, A., Temsah, M.-H., Tesfay, F.H., Tessema, G.A., Tessema, Z.T., Thankappan, K.R., Thapar, R., Tolani, M.A., Tovani-Palone, M.R., Traini, E., Tran, B.X., Tripathy, J.P., Tsapparellas, G., Tsatsakis, A., Tudor Car, L., Uddin, R., Ullah, A., Umeokonkwo, C.D., Unim, B., Unnikrishnan, B., Upadhyay, E., Usman, M.S., Vacante, M., Vaezi, M., Valadan Tahbaz, S., Valdez, P.R., Vasankari, T.J., Venketasubramanian, N., Verma, M., Violante, F.S., Vlassov, V., Vo, B., Vu, G.T., Wado, Y.D., Waheed, Y., Wamai, R.G., Wang, Y., Wang, Y., Wang, Y.-P., Ward, P., Werdecker, A., Westerman, R., Wickramasinghe, N.D., Wilner, L.B., Wiysonge, C.S., Wu, A.-M., Wu, C., Xie, Y., Yahyazadeh Jabbari, S.H., Yamagishi, K., Yandrapalli, S., Yaya, S., Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V., Yip, P., Yonemoto, N., Yoon, S.-J., Younis, M.Z., Yousefi, Z., Yousefinezhadi, T., Yu, C., Yusuf, S.S., Zaidi, S.S., Zaman, S.B., Zamani, M., Zamanian, M., Zastrozhin, M.S., Zastrozhina, A., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z.-J., Zhao, X.-J.G., Ziapour, A., Hay, S.I., Murray, C.J.L., Wang, H. and Kassebaum, N.J. (2021). Global, regional, and national progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 for neonatal and child health: all-cause and cause-specific mortality findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736Test(21)01207-1

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736Test(21)01207-1
https://openresearch.lsbu.ac.uk/item/9171vTest
https://openresearch.lsbu.ac.uk/download/3250be9e6bfa8bfb9cdf9e245114a0e74dbd332aa9a301bdfe5eb455620bf7fa/3949172/PIIS0140673621012071.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Kendrick, P.J., Reitsma, M.B., Abbasi-Kangevari, M., Abdoli, A., Abdollahi, M., Abedi, A., Abhilash, E.S., Aboyans, V., Adebayo, O.M., Advani, S.M., Ahinkorah, B.O., Ahmad, S., Ahmadi, K., Ahmed, H., Aji, B., Akalu, Y., Akunna, C.J., Alahdab, F., Al-Aly, Z., Alanezi, F.M., Alanzi, T.M., Alhabib, K.F., Ali, T., Alif, S.M., Alipour, V., Aljunid, S.M., Alomari, M.A., Amin, T.T., Amini, S., Amu, H., Ancuceanu, R., Anderson, J.A., Andrei, C.L., Andrei, T., Ansari-Moghaddam, A., Antony, B., Anvari, D., Arabloo, J., Arian, N.D., Arora, M., Artanti, K.D., Asmare, W.N., Atnafu, D.D., Ausloos, M., Awan, A.T., Ayano, G., Aynalem, G.L., Azari, S., Darshan, B.B., Badiye, A.D., Baig, A.A., Banach, M., Banerjee, S.K., Barker-Collo, S.L., Bärnighausen, T.W., Barqawi, H.J., Basu, S., Bayati, M., Bazargan-Hejazi, S., Bekuma, T.T., Bennett, D.A., Bensenor, I.M., Benzian, H., Benziger, C.P., Berman, A.E., Bhagavathula, A.S., Bhala, N., Bhardwaj, N., Bhardwaj, P., Bhattacharyya, K., Bibi, S., Bijani, A., Biondi, A., Braithwaite, D., Brenner, H., Brunoni, A.R., Burkart, K., Nagaraja, S.B., Butt, Z.A., Dos Santos, F.L.C., Car, J., Carreras, G., Castaldelli-Maia, J.M., Cattaruzza, M.S.S., Chang, J.-C., Chaturvedi, P., Chen, S., Chido-Amajuoyi, O.G., Chu, D.-T., Chung, S.-C., Ciobanu, L.G., Costa, V.M., Couto, R.A.S., Dagnew, B., Dai, X., Damasceno, A.A.M., Damiani, G., Dandona, L., Dandona, R., Daneshpajouhnejad, P., Gela, J.D., Molla, M.D., Desta, A.A., Dharmaratne, S.D., Dhimal, M., Eagan, A.W., Kalan, M.E., Edvardsson, K., Effiong, A., El Tantawi, M., Elbarazi, I., Esmaeilnejad, S., Fadhil, I., Faraon, E.J.A., Farwati, M., Farzadfar, F., Fazlzadeh, M., Feigin, V.L., Feldman, R., Filip, I., Filippidis, F., Fischer, F., Flor, L.S., Foigt, N.A., Folayan, M.O., Foroutan, M., Gad, M.M., Gallus, S., Geberemariyam, B.S., Gebregiorgis, B.G., Getacher, L., Obsa, A.G., Ghafourifard, M., Gheshlagh, R.G., Ghashghaee, A., Ghith, N., Gil, G.F., Gill, P.S., Ginawi, I.A., Goharinezhad, S., Golechha, M., Gopalani, S.V., Gorini, G., Grivna, M., Guha, A., Guimarães, R.A., Guo, Y., Gupta, R.D., Gupta, R., Gupta, T., Gupta, V., Hafezi-Nejad, N., Haider, M.R., Hamadeh, R.R., Hankey, G.J., Hargono, A., Hay, S.I., Heidari, G., Herteliu, C., Hezam, K., Hird, T.R., Holla, R., Hosseinzadeh, M., Hostiuc, M., Hostiuc, S., Househ, M., Hsiao, T., Huang, J., Ibeneme, C.U., Ibitoye, S.E., Ilic, I.M., Ilic, M.D., Inbaraj, L.R., Irvani, S.S.N., Islam, J.Y., Islam, R.M., Islam, S.M.S., Islami, F., Iso, H., Itumalla, R., Jaafari, J., Jain, V., Jakovljevic, M., Jang, S.-I., Jayaram, S., Jeemon, P., Jha, R.P., Jonas, J.B., Jürisson, M., Kabir, A., Kabir, Z., Kalankesh, L.R., Kanchan, T., Kandel, H., Kapoor, N., Karch, A., Karimi, S.E., Kebede, K.M., Kelkay, B., Kennedy, R.D., Khader, Y.S., Khan, E.A., Khayamzadeh, M., Kim, G.R., Kimokoti, R.W., Kivimäki, M., Kosen, S., Laxminarayana, S.L.K., Koyanagi, A., Krishan, K., Kugbey, N., Kumar, G.A., Kumar, N., Kurmi, O.P., Kusuma, D., Lacey, B., Landires, I., Lasrado, S., Lauriola, P., Lee, D.W., Lee, Y.H., Leung, J., Li, S., Lin, H., Liu, W., Lugo, A., Kunjathur, S.M., Majeed, A., Maleki, A., Malekzadeh, R., Malta, D.C., Mamun, A.A., Manjunatha, N., Mansouri, B., Mansournia, M.A., Martini, S., Mathur, M.R., Mathur, P., Mazidi, M., McKee, M., Medina-Solís, C.E., Mehata, S., Mendoza, W., Menezes, R.G., Miazgowski, B., Michalek, I.M., Miller, T.R., Mini, G.K., Mirica, A., Mirrakhimov, E.M., Mirzaei, H., Misra, S., Mohammad, Y., Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A., Mohammed, S., Mokdad, A.H., Molokhia, M., Monasta, L., Moni, M.A., Moradzadeh, R., Morrison, S.D., Mossie, T.B., Mubarik, S., Mullany, E.C., Murray, C.J.L., Nagaraju, S.P., Naghavi, M., Naik, N., Nalini, M., Nangia, V., Naqvi, A.A., Swamy, S.N., Naveed, M., Nazari, J., Nduaguba, S.O., Negoi, R.I., Kandel, S.N., Nguyen, H.L.T., Nigatu, Y.T., Nixon, M.R., Nnaji, C.A., Noubiap, J.J., Nowak, C., Nuñez-Samudio, V., Ogbo, F.A., Oguntade, A.S., Oh, I.-H., Olagunju, A.T., Owolabi, M.O., Mahesh, P.A., Pakshir, K., Pan, L., Pana, A., Panagiotakos, D., Panda-Jonas, S., Pandey, A., Parekh, U., Park, E.-C., Park, E.-K., Kan, F.P., Pathak, M., Pawar, S., Pestell, R.G., Pham, H.Q., Pinheiro, M., Pokhrel, K.N., Pourshams, A., Prashant, A., Radfar, A., Rahimi-Movaghar, V., Ur Rahman, M.H., Rahman, M.A., Rahmani, A.M., Ram, P., Rana, J., Ranabhat, C.L., Rathi, P., Rawaf, D.L., Rawaf, S., Rawassizadeh, R., Renzaho, A.M.N., Rezapour, A., Riaz, M.A., Roever, L., Ronfani, L., Roshandel, G., Roy, A., Roy, B., Saddik, B., Sahebkar, A., Salehi, S., Salimzadeh, H., Samy, A.M., Sanabria, J., Santric-Milicevic, M.M., Sao Jose, B.P., Sathian, B., Sawhney, M., Saya, G.K., Schwendicke, F., Seidu, A.-A., Kumar, N.S., Sepanlou, S.G., Shafaat, O., Shah, S.M., Shaikh, M.A., Shannawaz, M., Sharafi, K., Sheikh, A., Sheikhbahaei, S., Shigematsu, M., Shiri, R., Shishani, K., Shivakumar, K.M., Shivalli, S., Shrestha, R., Siabani, S., Sidemo, N.B., Sigfusdottir, I.D., Sigurvinsdottir, R., Silva, J.P., Singh, A., Singh, J.A., Singh, V., Sinha, D.N., Skryabin, V.Y., Skryabina, A.A., Soroush, A., Soyiri, I.N., Sreeramareddy, C.T., Stein, D.J., Steiropoulos, P., Stortecky, S., Straif, K., Abdulkader, R.S., Sulo, G., Sundström, J., Tabuchi, T., Tadesse, E.G., Tamiru, A.T., Tareke, M., Tareque, M.I., Tarigan, I.U., Thakur, B., Thankappan, K.R., Thapar, R., Tolani, M.A., Tovani-Palone, M.R., Tran, B.X., Tripathy, J.P., Tsegaye, G.W., Tymeson, H.D., Ullah, S., Unim, B., Updike, R.L., Uthman, O.A., Vacante, M., Vardavas, C., Venketasubramanian, N., Verma, M., Vidale, S., Vo, B., Vu, G.T., Waheed, Y., Wang, Y., Welding, K., Werdecker, A., Whisnant, J.L., Wickramasinghe, N.D., Wubishet, B.L., Yamagishi, K., Yano, Y., Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V., Yeshaw, Y., Yimmer, M.Z., Yonemoto, N., Yousefi, Z., Yu, C., Yunusa, I., Yusefzadeh, H., Zaman, M.S., Zamani, M., Zamanian, M., Zastrozhin, M.S., Zastrozhina, A., Zhang, J., Zhang, Z.-J., Zhong, C., Zuniga, Y.M.H., Gakidou, E.

الوصف: Background Chewing tobacco and other types of smokeless tobacco use have had less attention from the global health community than smoked tobacco use. However, the practice is popular in many parts of the world and has been linked to several adverse health outcomes. Understanding trends in prevalence with age, over time, and by location and sex is important for policy setting and in relation to monitoring and assessing commitment to the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. Methods We estimated prevalence of chewing tobacco use as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 using a modelling strategy that used information on multiple types of smokeless tobacco products. We generated a time series of prevalence of chewing tobacco use among individuals aged 15 years and older from 1990 to 2019 in 204 countries and territories, including age-sex specific estimates. We also compared these trends to those of smoked tobacco over the same time period. Findings In 2019, 273·9 million (95% uncertainty interval 258·5 to 290·9) people aged 15 years and older used chewing tobacco, and the global age-standardised prevalence of chewing tobacco use was 4·72% (4·46 to 5·01). 228·2 million (213·6 to 244·7; 83·29% [82·15 to 84·42]) chewing tobacco users lived in the south Asia region. Prevalence among young people aged 15–19 years was over 10% in seven locations in 2019. Although global age-standardised prevalence of smoking tobacco use decreased significantly between 1990 and 2019 (annualised rate of change: –1·21% [–1·26 to –1·16]), similar progress was not observed for chewing tobacco (0·46% [0·13 to 0·79]). Among the 12 highest prevalence countries (Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Madagascar, Marshall Islands, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Palau, Sri Lanka, and Yemen), only Yemen had a significant decrease in the prevalence of chewing tobacco use, which was among males between 1990 and 2019 (−0·94% [–1·72 to –0·14]), compared with nine of 12 countries that had significant decreases in ...

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: https://openresearch.lsbu.ac.uk/download/5c8c2bf8b1dcfa6813d83a0a2f02c623ba64931dc6bc8d5630db9f2a0951c349/2492557/PIIS2468266721000657.pdfTest; https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667Test(21)00065-7; Kendrick, P.J., Reitsma, M.B., Abbasi-Kangevari, M., Abdoli, A., Abdollahi, M., Abedi, A., Abhilash, E.S., Aboyans, V., Adebayo, O.M., Advani, S.M., Ahinkorah, B.O., Ahmad, S., Ahmadi, K., Ahmed, H., Aji, B., Akalu, Y., Akunna, C.J., Alahdab, F., Al-Aly, Z., Alanezi, F.M., Alanzi, T.M., Alhabib, K.F., Ali, T., Alif, S.M., Alipour, V., Aljunid, S.M., Alomari, M.A., Amin, T.T., Amini, S., Amu, H., Ancuceanu, R., Anderson, J.A., Andrei, C.L., Andrei, T., Ansari-Moghaddam, A., Antony, B., Anvari, D., Arabloo, J., Arian, N.D., Arora, M., Artanti, K.D., Asmare, W.N., Atnafu, D.D., Ausloos, M., Awan, A.T., Ayano, G., Aynalem, G.L., Azari, S., Darshan, B.B., Badiye, A.D., Baig, A.A., Banach, M., Banerjee, S.K., Barker-Collo, S.L., Bärnighausen, T.W., Barqawi, H.J., Basu, S., Bayati, M., Bazargan-Hejazi, S., Bekuma, T.T., Bennett, D.A., Bensenor, I.M., Benzian, H., Benziger, C.P., Berman, A.E., Bhagavathula, A.S., Bhala, N., Bhardwaj, N., Bhardwaj, P., Bhattacharyya, K., Bibi, S., Bijani, A., Biondi, A., Braithwaite, D., Brenner, H., Brunoni, A.R., Burkart, K., Nagaraja, S.B., Butt, Z.A., Dos Santos, F.L.C., Car, J., Carreras, G., Castaldelli-Maia, J.M., Cattaruzza, M.S.S., Chang, J.-C., Chaturvedi, P., Chen, S., Chido-Amajuoyi, O.G., Chu, D.-T., Chung, S.-C., Ciobanu, L.G., Costa, V.M., Couto, R.A.S., Dagnew, B., Dai, X., Damasceno, A.A.M., Damiani, G., Dandona, L., Dandona, R., Daneshpajouhnejad, P., Gela, J.D., Molla, M.D., Desta, A.A., Dharmaratne, S.D., Dhimal, M., Eagan, A.W., Kalan, M.E., Edvardsson, K., Effiong, A., El Tantawi, M., Elbarazi, I., Esmaeilnejad, S., Fadhil, I., Faraon, E.J.A., Farwati, M., Farzadfar, F., Fazlzadeh, M., Feigin, V.L., Feldman, R., Filip, I., Filippidis, F., Fischer, F., Flor, L.S., Foigt, N.A., Folayan, M.O., Foroutan, M., Gad, M.M., Gallus, S., Geberemariyam, B.S., Gebregiorgis, B.G., Getacher, L., Obsa, A.G., Ghafourifard, M., Gheshlagh, R.G., Ghashghaee, A., Ghith, N., Gil, G.F., Gill, P.S., Ginawi, I.A., Goharinezhad, S., Golechha, M., Gopalani, S.V., Gorini, G., Grivna, M., Guha, A., Guimarães, R.A., Guo, Y., Gupta, R.D., Gupta, R., Gupta, T., Gupta, V., Hafezi-Nejad, N., Haider, M.R., Hamadeh, R.R., Hankey, G.J., Hargono, A., Hay, S.I., Heidari, G., Herteliu, C., Hezam, K., Hird, T.R., Holla, R., Hosseinzadeh, M., Hostiuc, M., Hostiuc, S., Househ, M., Hsiao, T., Huang, J., Ibeneme, C.U., Ibitoye, S.E., Ilic, I.M., Ilic, M.D., Inbaraj, L.R., Irvani, S.S.N., Islam, J.Y., Islam, R.M., Islam, S.M.S., Islami, F., Iso, H., Itumalla, R., Jaafari, J., Jain, V., Jakovljevic, M., Jang, S.-I., Jayaram, S., Jeemon, P., Jha, R.P., Jonas, J.B., Jürisson, M., Kabir, A., Kabir, Z., Kalankesh, L.R., Kanchan, T., Kandel, H., Kapoor, N., Karch, A., Karimi, S.E., Kebede, K.M., Kelkay, B., Kennedy, R.D., Khader, Y.S., Khan, E.A., Khayamzadeh, M., Kim, G.R., Kimokoti, R.W., Kivimäki, M., Kosen, S., Laxminarayana, S.L.K., Koyanagi, A., Krishan, K., Kugbey, N., Kumar, G.A., Kumar, N., Kurmi, O.P., Kusuma, D., Lacey, B., Landires, I., Lasrado, S., Lauriola, P., Lee, D.W., Lee, Y.H., Leung, J., Li, S., Lin, H., Liu, W., Lugo, A., Kunjathur, S.M., Majeed, A., Maleki, A., Malekzadeh, R., Malta, D.C., Mamun, A.A., Manjunatha, N., Mansouri, B., Mansournia, M.A., Martini, S., Mathur, M.R., Mathur, P., Mazidi, M., McKee, M., Medina-Solís, C.E., Mehata, S., Mendoza, W., Menezes, R.G., Miazgowski, B., Michalek, I.M., Miller, T.R., Mini, G.K., Mirica, A., Mirrakhimov, E.M., Mirzaei, H., Misra, S., Mohammad, Y., Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A., Mohammed, S., Mokdad, A.H., Molokhia, M., Monasta, L., Moni, M.A., Moradzadeh, R., Morrison, S.D., Mossie, T.B., Mubarik, S., Mullany, E.C., Murray, C.J.L., Nagaraju, S.P., Naghavi, M., Naik, N., Nalini, M., Nangia, V., Naqvi, A.A., Swamy, S.N., Naveed, M., Nazari, J., Nduaguba, S.O., Negoi, R.I., Kandel, S.N., Nguyen, H.L.T., Nigatu, Y.T., Nixon, M.R., Nnaji, C.A., Noubiap, J.J., Nowak, C., Nuñez-Samudio, V., Ogbo, F.A., Oguntade, A.S., Oh, I.-H., Olagunju, A.T., Owolabi, M.O., Mahesh, P.A., Pakshir, K., Pan, L., Pana, A., Panagiotakos, D., Panda-Jonas, S., Pandey, A., Parekh, U., Park, E.-C., Park, E.-K., Kan, F.P., Pathak, M., Pawar, S., Pestell, R.G., Pham, H.Q., Pinheiro, M., Pokhrel, K.N., Pourshams, A., Prashant, A., Radfar, A., Rahimi-Movaghar, V., Ur Rahman, M.H., Rahman, M.A., Rahmani, A.M., Ram, P., Rana, J., Ranabhat, C.L., Rathi, P., Rawaf, D.L., Rawaf, S., Rawassizadeh, R., Renzaho, A.M.N., Rezapour, A., Riaz, M.A., Roever, L., Ronfani, L., Roshandel, G., Roy, A., Roy, B., Saddik, B., Sahebkar, A., Salehi, S., Salimzadeh, H., Samy, A.M., Sanabria, J., Santric-Milicevic, M.M., Sao Jose, B.P., Sathian, B., Sawhney, M., Saya, G.K., Schwendicke, F., Seidu, A.-A., Kumar, N.S., Sepanlou, S.G., Shafaat, O., Shah, S.M., Shaikh, M.A., Shannawaz, M., Sharafi, K., Sheikh, A., Sheikhbahaei, S., Shigematsu, M., Shiri, R., Shishani, K., Shivakumar, K.M., Shivalli, S., Shrestha, R., Siabani, S., Sidemo, N.B., Sigfusdottir, I.D., Sigurvinsdottir, R., Silva, J.P., Singh, A., Singh, J.A., Singh, V., Sinha, D.N., Skryabin, V.Y., Skryabina, A.A., Soroush, A., Soyiri, I.N., Sreeramareddy, C.T., Stein, D.J., Steiropoulos, P., Stortecky, S., Straif, K., Abdulkader, R.S., Sulo, G., Sundström, J., Tabuchi, T., Tadesse, E.G., Tamiru, A.T., Tareke, M., Tareque, M.I., Tarigan, I.U., Thakur, B., Thankappan, K.R., Thapar, R., Tolani, M.A., Tovani-Palone, M.R., Tran, B.X., Tripathy, J.P., Tsegaye, G.W., Tymeson, H.D., Ullah, S., Unim, B., Updike, R.L., Uthman, O.A., Vacante, M., Vardavas, C., Venketasubramanian, N., Verma, M., Vidale, S., Vo, B., Vu, G.T., Waheed, Y., Wang, Y., Welding, K., Werdecker, A., Whisnant, J.L., Wickramasinghe, N.D., Wubishet, B.L., Yamagishi, K., Yano, Y., Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V., Yeshaw, Y., Yimmer, M.Z., Yonemoto, N., Yousefi, Z., Yu, C., Yunusa, I., Yusefzadeh, H., Zaman, M.S., Zamani, M., Zamanian, M., Zastrozhin, M.S., Zastrozhina, A., Zhang, J., Zhang, Z.-J., Zhong, C., Zuniga, Y.M.H. and Gakidou, E. (2021). Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of chewing tobacco use in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: A systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet Public Health. 6. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667Test(21)00065-7

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667Test(21)00065-7
https://openresearch.lsbu.ac.uk/item/9171wTest
https://openresearch.lsbu.ac.uk/download/5c8c2bf8b1dcfa6813d83a0a2f02c623ba64931dc6bc8d5630db9f2a0951c349/2492557/PIIS2468266721000657.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Cruz, A.A.C., Carneiro, S.V., Pontes, S.M.A., Oliveira, J.J.P., Lima, J.P.O., Costa, V.M., Fechine, L.M.U.D., Clemente, C.S., Freire, R.M., Fechine, P.B.A.

المصدر: Encyclopedia of Sensors and Biosensors ; page 542-559

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-822548-6.00025-xTest
https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:B978012822548600025X?httpAccept=text/xmlTest
https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:B978012822548600025X?httpAccept=text/plainTest

المؤلفون: Abbafati, C., Machado, D.B., Cislaghi, B., Salman, O.M., Karanikolos, M., McKee, M., Abbas, K.M., Brady, O.J., Larson, H.J., Trias-Llimós, S., Cummins, S., Langan, S.M., Sartorius, B., Hafiz, A., Jenabi, E., Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, N., Borzouei, S., Azarian, G., Khazaei, S., Abbasi, M., Asghari, B., Masoumi, S., Komaki, H., Taherkhani, A., Adabi, M., Abbasifard, M., Bazmandegan, G., Kamiab, Z., Vakilian, A., Anjomshoa, M., Mokari, A., Sabour, S., Shahbaz, M., Saeedi, R., Ahmadieh, H., Yousefinezhadi, T., Haj-Mirzaian, A., Nikbakhsh, R., Safi, S., Asgari, S., Irvani, S.N., Jahanmehr, N., Ramezanzadeh, K., Abbasi-Kangevari, M., Khayamzadeh, M., Abbastabar, H., Shirkoohi, R., Fazlzadeh, M., Janjani, H., Hosseini, M., Mansournia, M., Tohidinik, H., Bakhtiari, A., Fazaeli, A., Mousavi, S., Hasanzadeh, A., Nabavizadeh, B., Malekzadeh, R., Hashemian, M., Pourshams, A., Salimzadeh, H., Sepanlou, S.G., Afarideh, M., Esteghamati, A., Esteghamati, S., Ghajar, A., Heidari, B., Rezaei, N., Mohamadi, E., Rahimi-Movaghar, A., Rahim, F., Eskandarieh, S., Sahraian, M., Mohebi, F., Aminorroaya, A., Ebrahimi, H., Farzadfar, F., Mohajer, B., Pishgar, F., Saeedi Moghaddam, S., Shabani, M., Zarafshan, H., Abolhassani, H., Hafezi-Nejad, N., Heidari-Soureshjani, R., Abdollahi, M., Farahmand, M., Salamati, P., Mehrabi Nasab, E., Tajdini, M., Aghamir, S., Mirzaei, R., Dibaji Forooshani, Z., Khater, M.M., Abd-Allah, F., Abdelalim, A., Abualhasan, A., El-Jaafary, S.I., Hassan, A., Elsharkawy, A., Khater, A.M., Elhabashy, H.R., Salem, M.R.R., Salem, H., Sadeghi, M., Jafarinia, M., Amini-Rarani, M., Mohammadifard, N., Sarrafzadegan, N., Abdollahpour, I., Sarveazad, A., Tehrani-Banihashemi, A., Yoosefi Lebni, J., Manafi, N., Pazoki Toroudi, H., Dorostkar, F., Alipour, V., Sheikhtaheri, A., Arabloo, J., Azari, S., Ghashghaee, A., Rezapour, A., Naserbakht, M., Kabir, A., Mehri, F., Yousefifard, M., Asadi-Aliabadi, M., Babaee, E., Eshrati, B., Goharinezhad, S., Moradi-Lakeh, M., Abedi, P., Rashedi, V., Kumar, V., Elgendy, I.Y., Basu, S., Park, J., Pereira, A., Norheim, O.F., Eagan, A.W., Cahill, L.E., Sheikh, A., Abushouk, A.I., Kraemer, M.U.G., Thakur, B., Bärnighausen, T.W., Shrime, M.G., Abedi, A., Doshi, C.P., Abegaz, K.H., Geberemariyam, B.S., Aynalem, Y.A., Shiferaw, W.S., Abosetugn, A.E., Aboyans, V., Abrams, E.M., Gitimoghaddam, M., Kissoon, N., Stubbs, J.L., Brauer, M., Iyamu, I.O., Kopec, J.A., Pourmalek, F., Ribeiro, A.P., Malta, D.C., Gomez, R.S., Abreu, L.G., Abrigo, M.R.M., Almulhim, A.M., Dahlawi, S.M.A., Pottoo, F.H., Menezes, R.G., Alanzi, T.M., Alumran, A.K., Abu Haimed, A.K., Madadin, M., Alanezi, F.M., Abu-Gharbieh, E., Saddik, B., Abu-Raddad, L.J., Samy, A.M., El Nahas, N., Shalash, A.S., Nabhan, A.F., Kamath, A.M., Kassebaum, N.J., Aravkin, A.Y., Kochhar, S., Sorensen, R.J.D., Afshin, A., Burkart, K., Cromwell, E.A., Dandona, L., Dharmaratne, S.D., Gakidou, E., Hay, S.I., Kyu, H.H., Lopez, A.D., Lozano, R., Misganaw, A.T., Mokdad, A.H., Naghavi, M., Pigott, D.M., Reiner Jr, R.C., Roth, G.A., Stanaway, J.D., Vollset, S., Vos, T., Wang, H., Lim, S.S., Murray, C.J.L., Kalani, R., Ikuta, K.S., Cho, D.Y., Kneib, C.J., Crowe, C.S., Massenburg, B.B., Morrison, S.D., Acebedo, A., Adelson, J.D., Agesa, K.M., Alam, T., Albertson, S.B., Anderson, J.A., Antony, C.M., Ashbaugh, C., Assmus, M., Azhar, G., Balassyano, S., Bannick, M.S., Barthelemy, C.M., Bender, R.G., Bennitt, F.B., Bertolacci, G.J., Biehl, M.H., Bisignano, C., Boon-Dooley, A.S., Briant, P.S., Bryazka, D., Bumgarner, B.R., Callender, C.S., Cao, J., Castle, C.D., Castro, E., Causey, K., Cercy, K.M., Chalek, J., Charlson, F.J., Cohen, A.J., Comfort, H., Compton, K., Croneberger, A.J., Cruz, J.A., Cunningham, M., Dandona, R., Dangel, W.J., Dean, F.E., DeCleene, N.K., Deen, A., Degenhardt, L., Dingels, Z.V., Dippenaar, I.N., Dirac, M.A., Dolgert, A.J., Emmons-Bell, S., Estep, K., Farag, T., Feigin, V.L., Feldman, R., Ferrara, G., Ferrari, A.J., Fitzgerald, R., Force, L.M., Fox, J.T., Frank, T.D., Fu, W., Fukutaki, K., Fuller, J.E., Fullman, N., Galles, N.C., Gardner, W.M., Gershberg Hayoon, A., Goren, E., Gorman, T.M., Gottlich, H.C., Guo, G., Haddock, B., Hagins, H., Haile, L.M., Hamilton, E.B., Han, C., Han, H., Harvey, J.D., Henny, K., Henrikson, H.J., Henry, N.J., Herbert, M.E., Hsiao, T., Huynh, C.K., Iannucci, V.C., Ippolito, H., Irvine, C.M.S., Jafari, H., Jahagirdar, D., James, S.L., Johnson, C.O., Johnson, S.C., Keller, C., Kemmer, L., Kendrick, P.J., Knight, M., Kocarnik, J.M., Krohn, K.J., Larson, S.L., Lau, K.M., Ledesma, J.R., Leever, A.T., LeGrand, K.E., Lescinsky, H., Lin, C., Liu, H., Liu, Z., Lo, J., Lu, A., Ma, J., Maddison, E.R., Manguerra, H., Marks, A., Martopullo, I., Mastrogiacomo, C.I., May, E.A., Mooney, M.D., Mosser, J.F., Mullany, E.C., Mumford, J., Munro, S.B., Nandakumar, V., Nguyen, J., Nguyen, M., Nichols, E., Nixon, M.R., Odell, C.M., Ong, K.L., Orji, A.U., Ostroff, S.M., Pasovic, M., Paulson, K.R., Pease, S.A., Pennini, A., Pierce, M., Pilz, T.M., Pletcher, M., Rao, P.C., Razo, C., Redford, S.B., Reinig, N., Reitsma, M.B., Rhinehart, P., Robalik, T., Roberts, S., Roberts, N.L.S., Rolfe, S., Sbarra, A.N., Schaeffer, L.E., Shackelford, K.A., Shadid, J., Sharara, F., Shaw, D.H., Sheena, B.S., Simpson, K.E., Smith, A., Spencer, C.N., Spurlock, E.E., Stark, B.A., Steiner, C., Steuben, K.M., Sylte, D.O., Tang, M., Taylor, H.J., Terrason, S., Thomson, A.M., Torre, A.E., Travillian, R., Troeger, C.E., Vongpradith, A., Walters, M.K., Wang, J., Watson, A., Watson, S., Whisnant, J.L., Whiteford, H.A., Wiens, K.E., Wilner, L.B., Wilson, S., Wool, E.E., Wozniak, S.S., Wu, J., Wulf Hanson, S., Wunrow, H., Xu, R., Yadgir, S., Yearwood, J.A., York, H.W., Yuan, C., Zhao, J.T., Zheng, P., Zimsen, S.R.M., Zlavog, B.S., Chang, A.Y., Oren, E., Buchbinder, R., Chin, K.L., Guo, Y., Polkinghorne, K.R., Thrift, A.G., Lee, S.W.H., Ackerman, I.N., Cicuttini, F.M., Li, S., Zaman, S., Suleria, H., Zhang, J., Cowie, B.C., Wijeratne, T., Patton, G.C., Sawyer, S.M., Adair, T., Meretoja, A., Adetokunboh, O.O., Adamu, A.A., Iwu, C.J., Parry, C.D.H., Seedat, S., Ndwandwe, D.E., Mahasha, P.W., Stein, D.J., Nnaji, C.A., Sambala, E.Z., Wiysonge, C.S., Adebayo, O.M., Ilesanmi, O.S., Owolabi, M.O., Adeoye, A.M., Adedeji, I.A., Adekanmbi, V., Ibitoye, S.E., John-Akinola, Y.O., Oluwasanu, M.M., Oghenetega, O.B., Akinyemi, R.O., Zandian, H., Adham, D., Zahirian Moghadam, T., Advani, S.M., Teagle, W.L., Braithwaite, D., Agasthi, P., Saadatagah, S., Afshari, M., Agardh, E.E., Allebeck, P., Danielsson, A., Deuba, K., Carrero, J.J., Mohammad, D.K., Fereshtehnejad, S., Ã�rnlöv, J., Nowak, C., Cederroth, C.R., Ahmadi, A., Pathak, A., Mills, E.J., Kurmi, O.P., Olagunju, A.T., Agarwal, G., Sathish, T., Aghaali, M., Mohammadbeigi, A., Agrawal, A., Ahmad, T., Ahmadi, K., Maleki, S., Naderi, M., Salahshoor, M.R., Pourmirza Kalhori, R., Almasi, A., Salimi, Y., Siabani, S., Ziapour, A., Barzegar, A., Khazaie, H., Kianipour, N., Amiri, F., Salehi Zahabi, S., Mirzaei, M., Shamsi, M., Najafi, F., Jalali, A., Ghadiri, K., Heydarpour, F., Fattahi, N., Karami Matin, B., Kazemi Karyani, A., Pirsaheb, M., Rajati, F., Sadeghi, E., Safari, Y., Sharafi, K., Soltani, S., Vasseghian, Y., Atafar, Z., Jalilian, F., Mirzaei-Alavijeh, M., Saeidi, S., Soofi, M., Zangeneh, A., Mansouri, B., Ahmadi, M., Khafaie, M.A., Safiri, S., Moghadaszadeh, M., Asghari Jafarabadi, M., Doshmangir, L., Jadidi-Niaragh, F., Ghafourifard, M., Spotin, A., Khodayari, M., Samadi Kafil, H., Kalankesh, L.R., Ahmadpour, E., Yousefi, B., Ansari, F., Hassankhani, H., Karimi, S., Haririan, H., Mereta, S., Ahmed, M.B., Feyissa, G.T., Ciobanu, L.G., Aji, B., Aynalem, G.L., Gebresillassie, B., Tefera, Y.G., Akalu, T.Y., Baraki, A.G., Tesema, G.A., Tessema, Z.T., Tamiru, A.T., Azene, Z.N., Netsere, H.B., Yano, Y., Akinyemiju, T., Wu, C., Zadey, S., Samad, Z., Ji, J.S., Doshi, P.P., John, O., Jha, V., Maulik, P.K., Pesudovs, K., Resnikoff, S., Mitchell, P.B., Sachdev, P.S., Akombi, B., Godinho, M.A., Ivers, R.Q., Peden, A.E., Biswas, R., Boufous, S., Akunna, C.J., Alahdab, F., Hammer, M.S., van Donkelaar, A., Al-Aly, Z., Dellavalle, R.P., Alam, S., Martin, R.V., Alam, N., De Leo, D., Tadakamadla, S.K., Alam, K., Alcalde-Rabanal, J.E., Avila-Burgos, L., Serván-Mori, E., Denova-Gutiérrez, E., Rodríguez-Ramírez, S., Morales, L., PoznaÅska, A., Wojtyniak, B., Rivera, J.A., Campos-Nonato, I.R., Campuzano-Rincon, J., Sánchez-Pimienta, T.G., Mengesha, M.B., Welay, F.T., Alema, N.M., Demsie, D.G., Teame, H., Teklehaimanot, B.F., Alemu, B.W., Gultie, T., Bante, A.B., Yeshitila, Y.G., Geramo, Y.C.D., Glagn, M., Sorrie, M.B., W/hawariat, F.G., Amare, A., Kasa, A., Alemu, Y., Mihretie, K.M., Atnafu, D.D., Demeke, F.M., Melese, A., Bante, S.A., Dessie, G.A., Mengesha, E.W., Nigatu, D., Almadi, M.A.H., Alhabib, K.F., Mohammad, Y., Altirkawi, K.A., Temsah, M., Kugbey, N., Ayanore, M.A., Alhassan, R.K., Ali, M., Ali, S., Alicandro, G., Kalhor, R., Alijanzadeh, M., Alinia, C., Yusefzadeh, H., Didarloo, A., Alizade, H., Nikpoor, A., Aljunid, S.M., Alla, F., Leal, L.F., Almasi-Hashiani, A., Moradzadeh, R., Zamanian, M., Nazari, J., Amini, S., Ghamari, F., Almasri, N.A., Khan, M., Al-Mekhlafi, H.M., Bedi, N., Alonso, J., Ciber, E.S.P., Al-Raddadi, R.M., Zakzuk, J., Alvis-Guzman, N., Alvis-Zakzuk, N.J., Castaeda-Orjuela, C.A., Malagn-Rojas, J.N., Gezae, K., Gesesew, H.A., Muthupandian, S., Gebremeskel, G.G., Berhe, K., Amare, B., Ayza, M.A., Gebremeskel, L.G., Gebreslassie, A.A.A., Bitew, H., Zewdie, K.A., Tela, F.G.G., Gill, T.K., Noubiap, J., Lassi, Z.S., Bhandari, D., Amit, A.L., Antonio, C.T., Faraon, E.A., Lopez, J.F., Atre, S.R., Ballew, S.H., Matsushita, K., Khoja, A.T., Daneshpajouhnejad, P., Ghadimi, M., Shafaat, O., Fanzo, J., Amugsi, D.A., Amul, G.H., Koh, D.S.Q., Venketasubramanian, N., Anbesu, E.W., Mohammed, J.A., Wondmeneh, T.G., Andrei, C., Negoi, R.I., Davitoiu, D.V., Manda, A., Negoi, I., Preotescu, L., Hostiuc, M., Hostiuc, S., Ancuceanu, R., Hasan, M., Leung, J., Anderlini, D., Mamun, A.A., Maravilla, J.C., McGrath, J.J., Lalloo, R., Uddin, R., Erskine, H.E., Knibbs, L.D., Mantilla-Herrera, A.M., Santomauro, D.F., Mirica, A., Ausloos, M., Herteliu, C., Oa£oiu, A., Pana, A., Andrei, T., tefan, S., Androudi, S., Angus, C., Ansari, I., Pourjafar, H., Shams-Beyranvand, M., Ansari-Moghaddam, A., Khammarnia, M., Antonazzo, I., Ferrara, P., Conti, S., Cortesi, P.A., Fornari, C., Lee, P.H., Antriyandarti, E., Yousefi, Z., Rafiei, A., Javidnia, J., Faridnia, R., Anvari, D., Goudarzian, A., Moosazadeh, M., Rezai, M., Daryani, A., Fareed, M., Anwer, R., Appiah, S., Paudel, D., Dichgans, M., Riahi, S., Rajabpour-Sanati, A., Arab-Zozani, M., Arba, A.A.K., Aremu, O., Ariani, F., Aripov, T., Armoon, B., Mahdavi, M.M., Arowosegbe, O.O., Tediosi, F., Aryal, K.K., Mosapour, A., Yaminfirooz, M., Arzani, A., Bijani, A., Jahani, M.A., Mouodi, S., Zamani, M., Asaad, M., Dianatinasab, M., Bahrami, M., Pakshir, K., Asadi-Pooya, A.A., Bayati, M., Shahabi, S., Athari, S., Atout, M.M.W., Atteraya, M.S., Brugha, T., Ausloos, F., Avokpaho, E.F.G., Room, R., Islam, M., Edvardsson, D., Rahman, M., Ayala Quintanilla, B., Gething, P.W., Briggs, A.M., Ayano, G., Hendrie, D., Miller, T.R., Azzopardi, P.S., Hoogar, P., B, D.B., Kulkarni, V., Kumar, N., Mithra, P., Shetty, R.S., Thapar, R., Padubidri, J., Bakkannavar, S.M., Nayak, V.C., Rastogi, P., Shetty, B.K., Bhageerathy, R., Gudi, N., Boloor, A., Holla, R., Rathi, P., Unnikrishnan, B., Janodia, M.D., Lang, J.J., Badawi, A., Orpana, H.M., Bhutta, Z.A., Shield, K.D., Chattu, V., Badiye, A.D., Kapoor, N., Bagherzadeh, M., Rabiee, N., Bagli, E., Baig, A.A., Bairwa, M., Lodha, R., Sagar, R., Rath, G.K., Bhardwaj, P., Charan, J., Kanchan, T., Joshi, A., Pakhare, A.P., Bakhshaei, M., Naghshtabrizi, B., Balachandran, A., Hoek, H.W., Postma, M.J., Geremew, A., Gebrehiwot, A.M., Balakrishnan, S., Desalew, A., Bojia, H.A., Mohammed, A.S., Regassa, L.D., Parmar, P.G.K., Balalla, S., Baldasseroni, A., Stokes, M.A., Ball, K., Islam, S., Maddison, R., Balzi, D., Levi, M., Banach, M., Banerjee, S.K., Banik, P.C., Barua, L., Faruque, M., Barboza, M.A., Barker-Collo, S.L., Jonas, J.B., Panda-Jonas, S., De-Neve, J., Kohler, S., Moazen, B., Mohammed, S., Barrero, L.H., Basaleem, H., Bassat, Q., Haro, J.M., Koyanagi, A., Car, J., Greaves, F., Majeed, A., Davis, A.C., Steiner, T.J., Kusuma, D., Palladino, R., Rawaf, S., Saxena, S., Rawaf, D.L., Baune, B.T., Karch, A., Baye, B.A., Darega-Gela, J., Kolola, T., Becker, J.S., DeLang, M., West, J., Gad, M.M., Serre, M.L., Gallus, S., Lugo, A., Beghi, E., Pupillo, E., Bosetti, C., Giussani, G., Bikbov, B., Perico, N., Remuzzi, G., Imani-Nasab, M., Nouraei-Motlagh, S., Sharafi, Z., Behzadifar, M., Bajot, Y., Bekuma, T.T., Yilma, M.T., Bell, M.L., Bello, A.K., Rafiee, A., Keddie, S.H., Lucas, T.C.D., Dolecek, C., Dunachie, S.J., Rumisha, S.F., Weiss, D.J., Lewington, S., Collins, E.L., Nandi, A.K., Zhao, Y., Bennett, D.A., Karim, M.A., Lacey, B., Khundkar, R., Yaya, S., Goulart, A.C., Santos, I.S., Bensenor, I.M., Lotufo, P.A., Tovani-Palone, M.R., Castaldelli-Maia, J., Wang, Y., Furtado, J.M., Benziger, C.P., Berman, A.E., Mazidi, M., Bernabe, E., Dargan, P.I., Molokhia, M., Shibuya, K., Douiri, A., Wolfe, C.D.A., Hay, R.J., Flohr, C., Suchdev, P.S., Ram, P., Bernstein, R.S., Liu, Y., Bhagavathula, A.S., Khan, G., Grivna, M., Bhala, N., Chandan, J.S., Gaidhane, A.M., Quazi-Syed, Z., Saxena, D., Khatib, M., Bhat, A.G., Bhattacharyya, K., Bhattarai, S., Das, J.K., Bibi, S., Bilano, V., Bin Sayeed, M., Cherbuin, N., Damico, E., Grosso, G., Borz, A.M., Biondi, A., Vacante, M., Valli, A., Birihane, B.M., Bisanzio, D., Hassan, S., Bjarge, T., Averland, S., Bockarie, M.J., Mensah, G.A., Sliwa, K., Gholamian, A., Bohlouli, S., Esmaeilnejad, S., Bohluli, M., Bolla, S.R., Borges, G., Bose, D., Bourne, R., Brayne, C., Breitborde, N.J.K., Fisher, J.L., Breitner, S., Brenner, H., Breusov, A.V., Rakovac, I., Briko, N.I., Lopukhov, P.D., Glushkova, E.V., Korshunov, V.A., Polibin, R.V., Jakovljevic, M., Briko, A.N., Britton, G.B., Castro, F., Moreno-Velásquez, I., Burnett, R.T., Burugina-Nagaraja, S., Busse, R., Butt, Z.A., Caetano-dos-Santos, F., Cai, T., Hall, B.J., Cahuana-Hurtado, L., Ca¡mera, L.A., Valdez, P.R., Tudor-Car, L., Ca¡rdenas, R., Gorini, G., Carreras, G., Fernandes, E., Freitas, M., Pereira, D.M., Santos, J.V., Ribeiro, D., Pinheiro, M., Massano, J., das-Neves, J., Dias-da-Silva, D., Carvalho, F., Costa, V.M., Silva, J.P., Morgado-da-Costa, J., Castelpietra, G., Catala¡-Lapez, F., Pakhale, S., Cerin, E., Yip, P., Ho, H., Chang, J., Chang, A.R., Chang, K., Cooper, O.R., Chaturvedi, S., Chimed-Ochir, O., Chirinos-Caceres, J.L., Choi, J.J., Christensen, H., Truelsen, T.C., Chu, D., Kivimaki, M., Chung, S., Kumar, M., Ward, J.L., Chung, M.T., Cirillo, M., Virclo, R., Classen, T.K.D., Lauriola, P., Corso, B., Hugo, F.N., Kieling, C., Cousin, E., Duncan, B.B., Goulart, B.N.G., Schmidt, M.I., Stein, C., Cowden, R.G., MacLachlan, J.H., Leigh, J., Cross, M., Ferreira, M.L., Smith, E.U.R., Driscoll, T.R., Huda, T.M., Hoy, D.G., Horita, N., Cross, D.H., Dai, H., Hu, G., Damasceno, A.A.M., Damiani, G., La-Vecchia, C., Sanabria, J., Pandey, A., Mathur, M.R., Zodpey, S., Kumar, G., Lal, D.K., Hamagharib-Abdullah, K., Hosseinzadeh, M., Darwesh, A.M., Faraj, A., Omar-Bali, A., Das-Gupta, R., Dash, A.P., Davey, G., Deribe, K., Gebremedhin, K.B., Wondmieneh, A.B., Dereje, N.D., Da¡vila-Cervantes, C.A., Davletov, K., Mereke, A., Serdar, B., Haile, T.G., Tadesse, D.B., Weldesamuel, G.T., Demoz, G.T., Woldu, G., Handiso, D., Dervenis, N., Topouzis, F., Desai, R., Dhungana, G.P., Emamian, M., Diaz, D., Djalalinia, S., Nguyen, T.H., Vu, G.T., Do, H.T., Dokova, K., Doku, D.T., Neupane, S., Takala, J.S., Doxey, M.C., Doyle, K.E., Renzaho, A.M.N., Ogbo, F.A., Robinson, S.R., Vukovic, A., Ilic, I.M., Santric-Milicevic, M.M., Vujcic, I.S., Dubljanin, E., Vukovic, R., Rasella, D., Duraes, A.R., Ebrahimi-Kalan, M., Effiong, A., Pond, C.D., Ehrlich, J.R., Liu, X., Wei, M.Y.W., El-Sayed, I., El-Tantawi, M., Elsayed-Zaki, M., Elbarazi, I., Tsai, A.C., Elyazar, I.R., Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V., Eskandari, K., Sharifi, H., Halvaei, I., Ghaffarifar, F., Zaki, L., Hasanpoor, E., Esmaeilzadeh, F., Etemadi, A., Lan, Q., Yeheyis, T.Y., Etisso, A.E., Ezekannagha, O., Efarinha, C.S., Farioli, A., Violante, F.S., Faris, P.S., Faro, A., Lam, J.O., Filip, I., Fischer, F., Flor, L.S., Foigt, N.A., Folayan, M.O., Fomenkov, A.A., Foroutan, M., Francis, J.M., Franklin, R.C., Fukumoto, T., Gamkrelidze, A., Kereselidze, M., Garcia-Basteiro, A.L., Lazarus, J.V., Straif, K., Ghiasvand, H., Ghith, N., Norrving, B., Mehta, K.M., Mohamad, O., Salama, J.S., Ghosh, R., Giampaoli, S., Gilani, S., Hameed, S., Hanif, A., Rana, S.M., Uthman, O.A., Gill, P.S., Gillum, R.F., Ginawi, I.A., Ginindza, T.G., Tlou, B., Tanser, F.C., Gnedovskaya, E.V., Kravchenko, M.A., Piradov, M.A., Golechha, M., Goli, S., Milne, G.J., Schlaich, M.P., Hankey, G.J., Gona, P.N., Gopalani, S.V., Goudarzi, H., Rawassizadeh, R., Grada, A., Nsoesie, E.O., Javaheri, T., Steel, N., Gubari, M.I.M., Gugnani, H.C., Guimaraes, A.L.S., Guimaraes, R.A., Guled, R.A., Senbeta, A.M., Hashi, A., Omer, M.O., Yousuf, A.Y., Gupta, S.S., Gupta, T., Gupta, R., Haagsma, J.A., Polinder, S., Hachinski, V., Stranges, S., Hamadeh, R.R., Hamidi, S., Tabaras-Seisdedos, R., Tyrovolas, S., Hasaballah, A.I., Hassanipour, S., Joukar, F., Mansour-Ghanaei, F., Jaafari, J., Havmoeller, R.J., Hayat, K., Heibati, B., Heidari, G., Henok, A., Hird, T.R., Moraga, P., Sigfusdottir, I.D., Phillips, M.R., Hole, M.K., Hollingsworth, B., Hopf, K.P., Hosgood, H., Hossain, N., Mai, H.T., Nguyen, C.T., Nguyen, D.N., Nguyen, H.L.T., Pham, H.Q., Househ, M., Hsairi, M., Lin, R., Hsieh, V., Hwang, B., Hu, K., Humayun, A., Hussain, R., Ibeneme, C.U., Ikeda, N., Ilic, M.D., Inbaraj, L.R., Iqbal, U., Islami, F., Yamagishi, K., Iso, H., Iwu, C.C.D., Jacobsen, K.H., Jayatilleke, A.U., Jeemon, P., Jha, R.P., Jia, P., Osei, F.B., Schutte, A.E., Johansson, L., Szacska, M., Joo, T., Jozwiak, J.J., Jarisson, M., Kabir, Z., Roshandel, G., Oladnabi, M., Kalani, H., Kassa, G.M., Katikireddi, S.V., Yamada, T., Nomura, S., Kawakami, N., Kayode, G.A., Kromhout, H., Traini, E., Keiyoro, P.N., Muriithi, M.K., Wamai, R.G., Khader, Y.S., Khalid, N., Khan, E.A., Khang, Y., Khatab, K., Khubchandani, J., Kim, Y., Yoon, S., Shin, M., Kim, C., Kim, D., Kimokoti, R.W., Kinfu, Y., Kisa, S., Kisa, A., Kissimova-Skarbek, K., Topor-Madry, R., Lallukka, T., Meretoja, T.J., Shivakumar, K.M., Knudsen, A.S., Sulo, G., Kosen, S., Kotlo, A., Koul, P.A., Krishan, K., KS, S., Kuate Defo, B., Kucuk Bicer, B., Yuce, D., Rawat, R., Meitei, W.B., Kumar, P., Singh, P., Kumaresh, G., Lami, F.H., Landires, I., Nunez-Samudio, V., Landires, Lansingh, V.C., Lansky, S., Larsson, A.O., Lasrado, S., Lavados, P.M., Leasher, J.L., Leonardi, M., Raggi, A., Sattin-PsyD, D., Li, B., Lim, L., Takahashi, K., Linehan, C., Linn, S., Shuval, K., Listl, S., Zhou, M., Liu, S., Logroscino, G., Looker, K.J., Lorkowski, S., Lunevicius, R., Lyons, R.A., Madotto, F., Magdyabdelrazek, H., Magdyabdelrazek, M., Mahmoudi, M., Maled, V., Moradi, G., Maleki, A., Manafi, A., Mapoma, C., Martini, S., Martins-Melo, F.R., Masaka, A., Mcalinden, C., Momen, N.C., Plana-Ripoll, O., Medina-Solís, C.E., Meharie, B., Mehndiratta, M., Mehrotra, R., Suliankatchi-Abdulkader, R., Mekonnen, T., Memiah, P.T.N., Wallin, M.T., Memish, Z.A., Mendoza, W., Mestrovic, T., Miazgowski, B., Miazgowski, T., Michalek, I., Mini, G., Miri, M., Mirrakhimov, E.M., Mirzaei, H., Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A., Mohammadpourhodki, R., Sahebkar, A., Mohammed, H., Sufiyan, M.B., Mohseni-Bandpei, M.A., Monasta, L., Ronfani, L., Mondello, S., Moradi-Joo, M., Morawska, L., Mousavi-Khaneghah, A., Westerman, R., Werdecker, A., Mueller, U.O., Mukhopadhyay, S., Musa, K., Mustafa, G., Nagarajan, A.J., Nagel, G., Rothenbacher, D., Naik, G., Schwebel, D.C., Singh, J.A., Naimzada, M., Otstavnov, N., Otstavnov, S.S., Soshnikov, S., Titova, M.V., Nair, S., Naldi, L., Nangia, V., Nansseu, J., Sobngwi, E., Nguefack-Tsague, G., Ndejjo, R., Ngari, K.N., Ngunjiri, J.W., Nigatu, Y.T., Oancea, B., Oh, I., Okunga, E.W., Olusanya, J.O., Olusanya, B.O., Ong, S., Onwujekwe, O.E., Ortega-Altamirano, D.V., Ortiz, A., Soriano, J.B., Osarenotor, O., Ostojic, S.M., Vlassov, V., Pa, M., Pangaribuan, H.U., Park, E., Pasupula, D., Patel, J.R., Patel, S.K., Paternina-Caicedo, A.J., Pathak, M., Patten, S.B., Tonelli, M., Weintraub, R.G., Paudel, S., Pepito, V.F., Thurston, G.D., Peprah, E.K., Pereira, J., Pescarini, J.M., Piccinelli, C., Pilgrim, T., Plass, D., Pokhrel, K.N., Prada, S.I., Prakash, V., Prakash, S., Prasad, N., Shigematsu, M., Pribadi, D.R.A., Sudaryanto, A., Rabiee, M., Radfar, A., Ranabhat, C.L., Ranta, A., Ribeiro, D.C., Rao, S., Rawal, L., Renjith, V., Rickard, J., Roever, L., Romoli, M., Rostamian, M., Rubagotti, E., Rwegerera, G.M., Ullah, S., Sajadi, S., Salam, N., Salomon, J.A., Salz, I., Saraswathy, S.Y., Sarmiento-Sua¡rez, R., Sathian, B., Savic, M., Saylan, M., Schwendicke, F., Sekerija, M., Senthilkumaran, S., Sha, F., Shaheen, A.A., Shaikh, M.A., Shamsizadeh, M., Shannawaz, M., Sharma, R., Shin, J., Shiri, R., Sierpinski, R., Sigurvinsdottir, R., Silva, D.A.S., Simonetti, B., Singh, A., Sinha, D.N., Skiadaresi, E., Skou, S.T., Skryabin, V.Y., Zastrozhin, M.S., Soheili, A., Sokhan, A., Somefun, O.D., Korotkova, A.V., Soyiri, I.N., Sreeramareddy, C.T., Srinivasan, V., Sripada, K., Stovner, L.J., Stockfelt, L., Sultan, I., Swope, C.B., Vaicekonyte, R., Sykes, B.L., Szumowski, L., Tabb, K.M., Tabuchi, T., Taddele, B.W., Tahir, Z., Tareque, M.I., Tarigan, I.U., Taveira, N., Thankappan, K.R., Thomas, N., Varughese, S., Touvier, M., Tran, B.X., Tsatsakis, A., Vardavas, C., Ullah, I., Umeokonkwo, C.D., Undurraga, E.A., Upadhyay, E., Vasankari, T.J., Vasconcelos, A.N., Veisani, Y., Vidale, S., Waheed, Y., Wei, J., Wang, F., Zhao, X.G., Yu, C., Zhang, Z., Weiss, J., Wiangkham, T., Wickramasinghe, N.D., Wu, A., Xie, Y., Xu, G., Yahyazadeh-Jabbari, S., Yilgwan, C.S., Yonemoto, N., Younis, M.Z., Younker, T.P., Yu, Y., Zaidi, S., Zhang, Y., Zheleva, B., Zhu, C., Collaborators, GBD 2019 Demographics

مصطلحات موضوعية: WM Psychiatry

الوصف: Background: Accurate and up-to-date assessment of demographic metrics is crucial for understanding a wide range of social, economic, and public health issues that affect populations worldwide. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 produced updated and comprehensive demographic assessments of the key indicators of fertility, mortality, migration, and population for 204 countries and territories and selected subnational locations from 1950 to 2019. Methods: 8078 country-years of vital registration and sample registration data, 938 surveys, 349 censuses, and 238 other sources were identified and used to estimate age-specific fertility. Spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression (ST-GPR) was used to generate age-specific fertility rates for 5-year age groups between ages 15 and 49 years. With extensions to age groups 10–14 and 50–54 years, the total fertility rate (TFR) was then aggregated using the estimated age-specific fertility between ages 10 and 54 years. 7417 sources were used for under-5 mortality estimation and 7355 for adult mortality. ST-GPR was used to synthesise data sources after correction for known biases. Adult mortality was measured as the probability of death between ages 15 and 60 years based on vital registration, sample registration, and sibling histories, and was also estimated using ST-GPR. HIV-free life tables were then estimated using estimates of under-5 and adult mortality rates using a relational model life table system created for GBD, which closely tracks observed age-specific mortality rates from complete vital registration when available. Independent estimates of HIV-specific mortality generated by an epidemiological analysis of HIV prevalence surveys and antenatal clinic serosurveillance and other sources were incorporated into the estimates in countries with large epidemics. Annual and single-year age estimates of net migration and population for each country and territory were generated using a Bayesian hierarchical cohort component model that ...

وصف الملف: text

العلاقة: http://eprints.iums.ac.ir/33844/1/Global%20age-sex-specific%20fertility,%20mortality,%20healthy%20life%20expectancy%20%28HALE%29,%20and%20population%20estimates%20in%20204%20countries%20and%20territories,%201950%E2%80%932019%20a%20comprehensive%20demographic%20analysis%20for%20the%20Global%20Burden%20of%20Disease%20Study%2020.pdfTest; Abbafati, C. and Machado, D.B. and Cislaghi, B. and Salman, O.M. and Karanikolos, M. and McKee, M. and Abbas, K.M. and Brady, O.J. and Larson, H.J. and Trias-Llimós, S. and Cummins, S. and Langan, S.M. and Sartorius, B. and Hafiz, A. and Jenabi, E. and Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, N. and Borzouei, S. and Azarian, G. and Khazaei, S. and Abbasi, M. and Asghari, B. and Masoumi, S. and Komaki, H. and Taherkhani, A. and Adabi, M. and Abbasifard, M. and Bazmandegan, G. and Kamiab, Z. and Vakilian, A. and Anjomshoa, M. and Mokari, A. and Sabour, S. and Shahbaz, M. and Saeedi, R. and Ahmadieh, H. and Yousefinezhadi, T. and Haj-Mirzaian, A. and Nikbakhsh, R. and Safi, S. and Asgari, S. and Irvani, S.N. and Jahanmehr, N. and Ramezanzadeh, K. and Abbasi-Kangevari, M. and Khayamzadeh, M. and Abbastabar, H. and Shirkoohi, R. and Fazlzadeh, M. and Janjani, H. and Hosseini, M. and Mansournia, M. and Tohidinik, H. and Bakhtiari, A. and Fazaeli, A. and Mousavi, S. and Hasanzadeh, A. and Nabavizadeh, B. and Malekzadeh, R. and Hashemian, M. and Pourshams, A. and Salimzadeh, H. and Sepanlou, S.G. and Afarideh, M. and Esteghamati, A. and Esteghamati, S. and Ghajar, A. and Heidari, B. and Rezaei, N. and Mohamadi, E. and Rahimi-Movaghar, A. and Rahim, F. and Eskandarieh, S. and Sahraian, M. and Mohebi, F. and Aminorroaya, A. and Ebrahimi, H. and Farzadfar, F. and Mohajer, B. and Pishgar, F. and Saeedi Moghaddam, S. and Shabani, M. and Zarafshan, H. and Abolhassani, H. and Hafezi-Nejad, N. and Heidari-Soureshjani, R. and Abdollahi, M. and Farahmand, M. and Salamati, P. and Mehrabi Nasab, E. and Tajdini, M. and Aghamir, S. and Mirzaei, R. and Dibaji Forooshani, Z. and Khater, M.M. and Abd-Allah, F. and Abdelalim, A. and Abualhasan, A. and El-Jaafary, S.I. and Hassan, A. and Elsharkawy, A. and Khater, A.M. and Elhabashy, H.R. and Salem, M.R.R. and Salem, H. and Sadeghi, M. and Jafarinia, M. and Amini-Rarani, M. and Mohammadifard, N. and Sarrafzadegan, N. and Abdollahpour, I. and Sarveazad, A. and Tehrani-Banihashemi, A. and Yoosefi Lebni, J. and Manafi, N. and Pazoki Toroudi, H. and Dorostkar, F. and Alipour, V. and Sheikhtaheri, A. and Arabloo, J. and Azari, S. and Ghashghaee, A. and Rezapour, A. and Naserbakht, M. and Kabir, A. and Mehri, F. and Yousefifard, M. and Asadi-Aliabadi, M. and Babaee, E. and Eshrati, B. and Goharinezhad, S. and Moradi-Lakeh, M. and Abedi, P. and Rashedi, V. and Kumar, V. and Elgendy, I.Y. and Basu, S. and Park, J. and Pereira, A. and Norheim, O.F. and Eagan, A.W. and Cahill, L.E. and Sheikh, A. and Abushouk, A.I. and Kraemer, M.U.G. and Thakur, B. and Bärnighausen, T.W. and Shrime, M.G. and Abedi, A. and Doshi, C.P. and Abegaz, K.H. and Geberemariyam, B.S. and Aynalem, Y.A. and Shiferaw, W.S. and Abosetugn, A.E. and Aboyans, V. and Abrams, E.M. and Gitimoghaddam, M. and Kissoon, N. and Stubbs, J.L. and Brauer, M. and Iyamu, I.O. and Kopec, J.A. and Pourmalek, F. and Ribeiro, A.P. and Malta, D.C. and Gomez, R.S. and Abreu, L.G. and Abrigo, M.R.M. and Almulhim, A.M. and Dahlawi, S.M.A. and Pottoo, F.H. and Menezes, R.G. and Alanzi, T.M. and Alumran, A.K. and Abu Haimed, A.K. and Madadin, M. and Alanezi, F.M. and Abu-Gharbieh, E. and Saddik, B. and Abu-Raddad, L.J. and Samy, A.M. and El Nahas, N. and Shalash, A.S. and Nabhan, A.F. and Kamath, A.M. and Kassebaum, N.J. and Aravkin, A.Y. and Kochhar, S. and Sorensen, R.J.D. and Afshin, A. and Burkart, K. and Cromwell, E.A. and Dandona, L. and Dharmaratne, S.D. and Gakidou, E. and Hay, S.I. and Kyu, H.H. and Lopez, A.D. and Lozano, R. and Misganaw, A.T. and Mokdad, A.H. and Naghavi, M. and Pigott, D.M. and Reiner Jr, R.C. and Roth, G.A. and Stanaway, J.D. and Vollset, S. and Vos, T. and Wang, H. and Lim, S.S. and Murray, C.J.L. and Kalani, R. and Ikuta, K.S. and Cho, D.Y. and Kneib, C.J. and Crowe, C.S. and Massenburg, B.B. and Morrison, S.D. and Acebedo, A. and Adelson, J.D. and Agesa, K.M. and Alam, T. and Albertson, S.B. and Anderson, J.A. and Antony, C.M. and Ashbaugh, C. and Assmus, M. and Azhar, G. and Balassyano, S. and Bannick, M.S. and Barthelemy, C.M. and Bender, R.G. and Bennitt, F.B. and Bertolacci, G.J. and Biehl, M.H. and Bisignano, C. and Boon-Dooley, A.S. and Briant, P.S. and Bryazka, D. and Bumgarner, B.R. and Callender, C.S. and Cao, J. and Castle, C.D. and Castro, E. and Causey, K. and Cercy, K.M. and Chalek, J. and Charlson, F.J. and Cohen, A.J. and Comfort, H. and Compton, K. and Croneberger, A.J. and Cruz, J.A. and Cunningham, M. and Dandona, R. and Dangel, W.J. and Dean, F.E. and DeCleene, N.K. and Deen, A. and Degenhardt, L. and Dingels, Z.V. and Dippenaar, I.N. and Dirac, M.A. and Dolgert, A.J. and Emmons-Bell, S. and Estep, K. and Farag, T. and Feigin, V.L. and Feldman, R. and Ferrara, G. and Ferrari, A.J. and Fitzgerald, R. and Force, L.M. and Fox, J.T. and Frank, T.D. and Fu, W. and Fukutaki, K. and Fuller, J.E. and Fullman, N. and Galles, N.C. and Gardner, W.M. and Gershberg Hayoon, A. and Goren, E. and Gorman, T.M. and Gottlich, H.C. and Guo, G. and Haddock, B. and Hagins, H. and Haile, L.M. and Hamilton, E.B. and Han, C. and Han, H. and Harvey, J.D. and Henny, K. and Henrikson, H.J. and Henry, N.J. and Herbert, M.E. and Hsiao, T. and Huynh, C.K. and Iannucci, V.C. and Ippolito, H. and Irvine, C.M.S. and Jafari, H. and Jahagirdar, D. and James, S.L. and Johnson, C.O. and Johnson, S.C. and Keller, C. and Kemmer, L. and Kendrick, P.J. and Knight, M. and Kocarnik, J.M. and Krohn, K.J. and Larson, S.L. and Lau, K.M. and Ledesma, J.R. and Leever, A.T. and LeGrand, K.E. and Lescinsky, H. and Lin, C. and Liu, H. and Liu, Z. and Lo, J. and Lu, A. and Ma, J. and Maddison, E.R. and Manguerra, H. and Marks, A. and Martopullo, I. and Mastrogiacomo, C.I. and May, E.A. and Mooney, M.D. and Mosser, J.F. and Mullany, E.C. and Mumford, J. and Munro, S.B. and Nandakumar, V. and Nguyen, J. and Nguyen, M. and Nichols, E. and Nixon, M.R. and Odell, C.M. and Ong, K.L. and Orji, A.U. and Ostroff, S.M. and Pasovic, M. and Paulson, K.R. and Pease, S.A. and Pennini, A. and Pierce, M. and Pilz, T.M. and Pletcher, M. and Rao, P.C. and Razo, C. and Redford, S.B. and Reinig, N. and Reitsma, M.B. and Rhinehart, P. and Robalik, T. and Roberts, S. and Roberts, N.L.S. and Rolfe, S. and Sbarra, A.N. and Schaeffer, L.E. and Shackelford, K.A. and Shadid, J. and Sharara, F. and Shaw, D.H. and Sheena, B.S. and Simpson, K.E. and Smith, A. and Spencer, C.N. and Spurlock, E.E. and Stark, B.A. and Steiner, C. and Steuben, K.M. and Sylte, D.O. and Tang, M. and Taylor, H.J. and Terrason, S. and Thomson, A.M. and Torre, A.E. and Travillian, R. and Troeger, C.E. and Vongpradith, A. and Walters, M.K. and Wang, J. and Watson, A. and Watson, S. and Whisnant, J.L. and Whiteford, H.A. and Wiens, K.E. and Wilner, L.B. and Wilson, S. and Wool, E.E. and Wozniak, S.S. and Wu, J. and Wulf Hanson, S. and Wunrow, H. and Xu, R. and Yadgir, S. and Yearwood, J.A. and York, H.W. and Yuan, C. and Zhao, J.T. and Zheng, P. and Zimsen, S.R.M. and Zlavog, B.S. and Chang, A.Y. and Oren, E. and Buchbinder, R. and Chin, K.L. and Guo, Y. and Polkinghorne, K.R. and Thrift, A.G. and Lee, S.W.H. and Ackerman, I.N. and Cicuttini, F.M. and Li, S. and Zaman, S. and Suleria, H. and Zhang, J. and Cowie, B.C. and Wijeratne, T. and Patton, G.C. and Sawyer, S.M. and Adair, T. and Meretoja, A. and Adetokunboh, O.O. and Adamu, A.A. and Iwu, C.J. and Parry, C.D.H. and Seedat, S. and Ndwandwe, D.E. and Mahasha, P.W. and Stein, D.J. and Nnaji, C.A. and Sambala, E.Z. and Wiysonge, C.S. and Adebayo, O.M. and Ilesanmi, O.S. and Owolabi, M.O. and Adeoye, A.M. and Adedeji, I.A. and Adekanmbi, V. and Ibitoye, S.E. and John-Akinola, Y.O. and Oluwasanu, M.M. and Oghenetega, O.B. and Akinyemi, R.O. and Zandian, H. and Adham, D. and Zahirian Moghadam, T. and Advani, S.M. and Teagle, W.L. and Braithwaite, D. and Agasthi, P. and Saadatagah, S. and Afshari, M. and Agardh, E.E. and Allebeck, P. and Danielsson, A. and Deuba, K. and Carrero, J.J. and Mohammad, D.K. and Fereshtehnejad, S. and Ã�rnlöv, J. and Nowak, C. and Cederroth, C.R. and Ahmadi, A. and Pathak, A. and Mills, E.J. and Kurmi, O.P. and Olagunju, A.T. and Agarwal, G. and Sathish, T. and Aghaali, M. and Mohammadbeigi, A. and Agrawal, A. and Ahmad, T. and Ahmadi, K. and Maleki, S. and Naderi, M. and Salahshoor, M.R. and Pourmirza Kalhori, R. and Almasi, A. and Salimi, Y. and Siabani, S. and Ziapour, A. and Barzegar, A. and Khazaie, H. and Kianipour, N. and Amiri, F. and Salehi Zahabi, S. and Mirzaei, M. and Shamsi, M. and Najafi, F. and Jalali, A. and Ghadiri, K. and Heydarpour, F. and Fattahi, N. and Karami Matin, B. and Kazemi Karyani, A. and Pirsaheb, M. and Rajati, F. and Sadeghi, E. and Safari, Y. and Sharafi, K. and Soltani, S. and Vasseghian, Y. and Atafar, Z. and Jalilian, F. and Mirzaei-Alavijeh, M. and Saeidi, S. and Soofi, M. and Zangeneh, A. and Mansouri, B. and Ahmadi, M. and Khafaie, M.A. and Safiri, S. and Moghadaszadeh, M. and Asghari Jafarabadi, M. and Doshmangir, L. and Jadidi-Niaragh, F. and Ghafourifard, M. and Spotin, A. and Khodayari, M. and Samadi Kafil, H. and Kalankesh, L.R. and Ahmadpour, E. and Yousefi, B. and Ansari, F. and Hassankhani, H. and Karimi, S. and Haririan, H. and Mereta, S. and Ahmed, M.B. and Feyissa, G.T. and Ciobanu, L.G. and Aji, B. and Aynalem, G.L. and Gebresillassie, B. and Tefera, Y.G. and Akalu, T.Y. and Baraki, A.G. and Tesema, G.A. and Tessema, Z.T. and Tamiru, A.T. and Azene, Z.N. and Netsere, H.B. and Yano, Y. and Akinyemiju, T. and Wu, C. and Zadey, S. and Samad, Z. and Ji, J.S. and Doshi, P.P. and John, O. and Jha, V. and Maulik, P.K. and Pesudovs, K. and Resnikoff, S. and Mitchell, P.B. and Sachdev, P.S. and Akombi, B. and Godinho, M.A. and Ivers, R.Q. and Peden, A.E. and Biswas, R. and Boufous, S. and Akunna, C.J. and Alahdab, F. and Hammer, M.S. and van Donkelaar, A. and Al-Aly, Z. and Dellavalle, R.P. and Alam, S. and Martin, R.V. and Alam, N. and De Leo, D. and Tadakamadla, S.K. and Alam, K. and Alcalde-Rabanal, J.E. and Avila-Burgos, L. and Serván-Mori, E. and Denova-Gutiérrez, E. and Rodríguez-Ramírez, S. and Morales, L. and PoznaÅska, A. and Wojtyniak, B. and Rivera, J.A. and Campos-Nonato, I.R. and Campuzano-Rincon, J. and Sánchez-Pimienta, T.G. and Mengesha, M.B. and Welay, F.T. and Alema, N.M. and Demsie, D.G. and Teame, H. and Teklehaimanot, B.F. and Alemu, B.W. and Gultie, T. and Bante, A.B. and Yeshitila, Y.G. and Geramo, Y.C.D. and Glagn, M. and Sorrie, M.B. and W/hawariat, F.G. and Amare, A. and Kasa, A. and Alemu, Y. and Mihretie, K.M. and Atnafu, D.D. and Demeke, F.M. and Melese, A. and Bante, S.A. and Dessie, G.A. and Mengesha, E.W. and Nigatu, D. and Almadi, M.A.H. and Alhabib, K.F. and Mohammad, Y. and Altirkawi, K.A. and Temsah, M. and Kugbey, N. and Ayanore, M.A. and Alhassan, R.K. and Ali, M. and Ali, S. and Alicandro, G. and Kalhor, R. and Alijanzadeh, M. and Alinia, C. and Yusefzadeh, H. and Didarloo, A. and Alizade, H. and Nikpoor, A. and Aljunid, S.M. and Alla, F. and Leal, L.F. and Almasi-Hashiani, A. and Moradzadeh, R. and Zamanian, M. and Nazari, J. and Amini, S. and Ghamari, F. and Almasri, N.A. and Khan, M. and Al-Mekhlafi, H.M. and Bedi, N. and Alonso, J. and Ciber, E.S.P. and Al-Raddadi, R.M. and Zakzuk, J. and Alvis-Guzman, N. and Alvis-Zakzuk, N.J. and Castaeda-Orjuela, C.A. and Malagn-Rojas, J.N. and Gezae, K. and Gesesew, H.A. and Muthupandian, S. and Gebremeskel, G.G. and Berhe, K. and Amare, B. and Ayza, M.A. and Gebremeskel, L.G. and Gebreslassie, A.A.A. and Bitew, H. and Zewdie, K.A. and Tela, F.G.G. and Gill, T.K. and Noubiap, J. and Lassi, Z.S. and Bhandari, D. and Amit, A.L. and Antonio, C.T. and Faraon, E.A. and Lopez, J.F. and Atre, S.R. and Ballew, S.H. and Matsushita, K. and Khoja, A.T. and Daneshpajouhnejad, P. and Ghadimi, M. and Shafaat, O. and Fanzo, J. and Amugsi, D.A. and Amul, G.H. and Koh, D.S.Q. and Venketasubramanian, N. and Anbesu, E.W. and Mohammed, J.A. and Wondmeneh, T.G. and Andrei, C. and Negoi, R.I. and Davitoiu, D.V. and Manda, A. and Negoi, I. and Preotescu, L. and Hostiuc, M. and Hostiuc, S. and Ancuceanu, R. and Hasan, M. and Leung, J. and Anderlini, D. and Mamun, A.A. and Maravilla, J.C. and McGrath, J.J. and Charlson, F.J. and Lalloo, R. and Uddin, R. and Erskine, H.E. and Knibbs, L.D. and Mantilla-Herrera, A.M. and Santomauro, D.F. and Mirica, A. and Ausloos, M. and Herteliu, C. and Oa£oiu, A. and Pana, A. and Andrei, T. and tefan, S. and Androudi, S. and Angus, C. and Ansari, I. and Pourjafar, H. and Shams-Beyranvand, M. and Ansari-Moghaddam, A. and Khammarnia, M. and Antonazzo, I. and Ferrara, P. and Conti, S. and Cortesi, P.A. and Fornari, C. and Lee, P.H. and Antriyandarti, E. and Yousefi, Z. and Rafiei, A. and Javidnia, J. and Faridnia, R. and Anvari, D. and Goudarzian, A. and Moosazadeh, M. and Rezai, M. and Daryani, A. and Fareed, M. and Anwer, R. and Appiah, S. and Paudel, D. and Dichgans, M. and Riahi, S. and Rajabpour-Sanati, A. and Arab-Zozani, M. and Arba, A.A.K. and Aremu, O. and Ariani, F. and Aripov, T. and Armoon, B. and Mahdavi, M.M. and Arowosegbe, O.O. and Tediosi, F. and Aryal, K.K. and Mosapour, A. and Yaminfirooz, M. and Arzani, A. and Bijani, A. and Jahani, M.A. and Mouodi, S. and Zamani, M. and Asaad, M. and Dianatinasab, M. and Bahrami, M. and Pakshir, K. and Asadi-Pooya, A.A. and Bayati, M. and Shahabi, S. and Athari, S. and Atout, M.M.W. and Atteraya, M.S. and Brugha, T. and Ausloos, F. and Avokpaho, E.F.G. and Room, R. and Islam, M. and Edvardsson, D. and Rahman, M. and Ayala Quintanilla, B. and Gething, P.W. and Briggs, A.M. and Ayano, G. and Hendrie, D. and Miller, T.R. and Azzopardi, P.S. and Hoogar, P. and B, D.B. and Kulkarni, V. and Kumar, N. and Mithra, P. and Shetty, R.S. and Thapar, R. and Padubidri, J. and Bakkannavar, S.M. and Nayak, V.C. and Rastogi, P. and Shetty, B.K. and Bhageerathy, R. and Gudi, N. and Boloor, A. and Holla, R. and Rathi, P. and Unnikrishnan, B. and Janodia, M.D. and Lang, J.J. and Badawi, A. and Orpana, H.M. and Bhutta, Z.A. and Shield, K.D. and Chattu, V. and Badiye, A.D. and Kapoor, N. and Bagherzadeh, M. and Rabiee, N. and Bagli, E. and Baig, A.A. and Bairwa, M. and Lodha, R. and Sagar, R. and Rath, G.K. and Bhardwaj, P. and Charan, J. and Kanchan, T. and Joshi, A. and Pakhare, A.P. and Bakhshaei, M. and Naghshtabrizi, B. and Balachandran, A. and Hoek, H.W. and Postma, M.J. and Geremew, A. and Gebrehiwot, A.M. and Balakrishnan, S. and Desalew, A. and Bojia, H.A. and Mohammed, A.S. and Regassa, L.D. and Parmar, P.G.K. and Balalla, S. and Roberts, S. and Baldasseroni, A. and Stokes, M.A. and Ball, K. and Islam, S. and Maddison, R. and Balzi, D. and Levi, M. and Banach, M. and Banerjee, S.K. and Banik, P.C. and Barua, L. and Faruque, M. and Barboza, M.A. and Barker-Collo, S.L. and Jonas, J.B. and Panda-Jonas, S. and De-Neve, J. and Kohler, S. and Moazen, B. and Mohammed, S. and Barrero, L.H. and Basaleem, H. and Bassat, Q. and Haro, J.M. and Koyanagi, A. and Car, J. and Greaves, F. and Majeed, A. and Davis, A.C. and Steiner, T.J. and Kusuma, D. and Palladino, R. and Rawaf, S. and Saxena, S. and Rawaf, D.L. and Baune, B.T. and Karch, A. and Baye, B.A. and Darega-Gela, J. and Kolola, T. and Becker, J.S. and DeLang, M. and West, J. and Gad, M.M. and Serre, M.L. and Gallus, S. and Lugo, A. and Beghi, E. and Pupillo, E. and Bosetti, C. and Giussani, G. and Bikbov, B. and Perico, N. and Remuzzi, G. and Imani-Nasab, M. and Nouraei-Motlagh, S. and Sharafi, Z. and Behzadifar, M. and Bajot, Y. and Bekuma, T.T. and Yilma, M.T. and Bell, M.L. and Bello, A.K. and Rafiee, A. and Keddie, S.H. and Lucas, T.C.D. and Dolecek, C. and Dunachie, S.J. and Kraemer, M.U.G. and Rumisha, S.F. and Weiss, D.J. and Lewington, S. and Collins, E.L. and Nandi, A.K. and Zhao, Y. and Bennett, D.A. and Karim, M.A. and Lacey, B. and Khundkar, R. and Yaya, S. and Goulart, A.C. and Santos, I.S. and Bensenor, I.M. and Lotufo, P.A. and Tovani-Palone, M.R. and Castaldelli-Maia, J. and Wang, Y. and Furtado, J.M. and Benziger, C.P. and Berman, A.E. and Mazidi, M. and Bernabe, E. and Dargan, P.I. and Molokhia, M. and Shibuya, K. and Douiri, A. and Wolfe, C.D.A. and Hay, R.J. and Flohr, C. and Suchdev, P.S. and Ram, P. and Bernstein, R.S. and Liu, Y. and Bhagavathula, A.S. and Khan, G. and Grivna, M. and Bhala, N. and Chandan, J.S. and Gaidhane, A.M. and Quazi-Syed, Z. and Saxena, D. and Khatib, M. and Bhat, A.G. and Bhattacharyya, K. and Bhattarai, S. and Das, J.K. and Bibi, S. and Bilano, V. and Bin Sayeed, M. and Cherbuin, N. and Damico, E. and Grosso, G. and Borz, A.M. and Biondi, A. and Vacante, M. and Valli, A. and Birihane, B.M. and Bisanzio, D. and Hassan, S. and Bjarge, T. and Averland, S. and Bockarie, M.J. and Mensah, G.A. and Sliwa, K. and Gholamian, A. and Bohlouli, S. and Esmaeilnejad, S. and Bohluli, M. and Bolla, S.R. and Borges, G. and Bose, D. and Bourne, R. and Brayne, C. and Breitborde, N.J.K. and Fisher, J.L. and Breitner, S. and Brenner, H. and Breusov, A.V. and Rakovac, I. and Briko, N.I. and Lopukhov, P.D. and Glushkova, E.V. and Korshunov, V.A. and Polibin, R.V. and Jakovljevic, M. and Briko, A.N. and Britton, G.B. and Castro, F. and Moreno-Velásquez, I. and Burnett, R.T. and Burugina-Nagaraja, S. and Busse, R. and Butt, Z.A. and Caetano-dos-Santos, F. and Cai, T. and Hall, B.J. and Cahuana-Hurtado, L. and Ca¡mera, L.A. and Valdez, P.R. and Tudor-Car, L. and Ca¡rdenas, R. and Gorini, G. and Carreras, G. and Fernandes, E. and Freitas, M. and Pereira, D.M. and Santos, J.V. and Ribeiro, D. and Pinheiro, M. and Massano, J. and das-Neves, J. and Dias-da-Silva, D. and Carvalho, F. and Costa, V.M. and Silva, J.P. and Morgado-da-Costa, J. and Castelpietra, G. and Catala¡-Lapez, F. and Pakhale, S. and Cerin, E. and Yip, P. and Ho, H. and Chang, J. and Chang, A.R. and Chang, K. and Cooper, O.R. and Chaturvedi, S. and Chimed-Ochir, O. and Chirinos-Caceres, J.L. and Choi, J.J. and Christensen, H. and Truelsen, T.C. and Chu, D. and Kivimaki, M. and Chung, S. and Kumar, M. and Ward, J.L. and Chung, M.T. and Cirillo, M. and Virclo, R. and Classen, T.K.D. and Lauriola, P. and Corso, B. and Hugo, F.N. and Kieling, C. and Cousin, E. and Duncan, B.B. and Goulart, B.N.G. and Schmidt, M.I. and Stein, C. and Cowden, R.G. and MacLachlan, J.H. and Leigh, J. and Cross, M. and Ferreira, M.L. and Smith, E.U.R. and Driscoll, T.R. and Huda, T.M. and Hoy, D.G. and Horita, N. and Cross, D.H. and Dai, H. and Hu, G. and Damasceno, A.A.M. and Damiani, G. and La-Vecchia, C. and Sanabria, J. and Pandey, A. and Mathur, M.R. and Zodpey, S. and Dandona, L. and Dandona, R. and Kumar, G. and Lal, D.K. and Hamagharib-Abdullah, K. and Hosseinzadeh, M. and Darwesh, A.M. and Faraj, A. and Omar-Bali, A. and Das-Gupta, R. and Dash, A.P. and Davey, G. and Deribe, K. and Gebremedhin, K.B. and Wondmieneh, A.B. and Dereje, N.D. and Da¡vila-Cervantes, C.A. and Davletov, K. and Mereke, A. and Serdar, B. and Gebremeskel, G.G. and Haile, T.G. and Tadesse, D.B. and Weldesamuel, G.T. and Demoz, G.T. and Gebremeskel, L.G. and Woldu, G. and Handiso, D. and Dervenis, N. and Topouzis, F. and Desai, R. and Dharmaratne, S.D. and Dhungana, G.P. and Emamian, M. and Diaz, D. and Djalalinia, S. and Nguyen, T.H. and Vu, G.T. and Do, H.T. and Dokova, K. and Doku, D.T. and Neupane, S. and Takala, J.S. and Doxey, M.C. and Doyle, K.E. and Renzaho, A.M.N. and Ogbo, F.A. and Robinson, S.R. and Vukovic, A. and Ilic, I.M. and Santric-Milicevic, M.M. and Vujcic, I.S. and Dubljanin, E. and Vukovic, R. and Rasella, D. and Duraes, A.R. and Ebrahimi-Kalan, M. and Effiong, A. and Pond, C.D. and Ehrlich, J.R. and Liu, X. and Wei, M.Y.W. and El-Sayed, I. and El-Tantawi, M. and Elsayed-Zaki, M. and Elbarazi, I. and Tsai, A.C. and Elyazar, I.R. and Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V. and Eskandari, K. and Sharifi, H. and Halvaei, I. and Ghaffarifar, F. and Zaki, L. and Hasanpoor, E. and Esmaeilzadeh, F. and Etemadi, A. and Lan, Q. and Yeheyis, T.Y. and Etisso, A.E. and Ezekannagha, O. and Efarinha, C.S. and Farioli, A. and Violante, F.S. and Faris, P.S. and Mohammad, D.K. and Faro, A. and Lam, J.O. and Filip, I. and Fischer, F. and Flor, L.S. and Foigt, N.A. and Folayan, M.O. and Fomenkov, A.A. and Foroutan, M. and Francis, J.M. and Franklin, R.C. and Fukumoto, T. and Gamkrelidze, A. and Kereselidze, M. and Garcia-Basteiro, A.L. and Lazarus, J.V. and Straif, K. and Ghiasvand, H. and Ghith, N. and Norrving, B. and Mehta, K.M. and Mohamad, O. and Salama, J.S. and Ghosh, R. and Giampaoli, S. and Gilani, S. and Hameed, S. and Hanif, A. and Rana, S.M. and Uthman, O.A. and Gill, P.S. and Gillum, R.F. and Ginawi, I.A. and Ginindza, T.G. and Tlou, B. and Tanser, F.C. and Gnedovskaya, E.V. and Kravchenko, M.A. and Piradov, M.A. and Golechha, M. and Goli, S. and Milne, G.J. and Schlaich, M.P. and Hankey, G.J. and Gona, P.N. and Gopalani, S.V. and Goudarzi, H. and Rawassizadeh, R. and Grada, A. and Nsoesie, E.O. and Javaheri, T. and Rawaf, S. and Steel, N. and Gubari, M.I.M. and Gugnani, H.C. and Guimaraes, A.L.S. and Guimaraes, R.A. and Guled, R.A. and Senbeta, A.M. and Hashi, A. and Omer, M.O. and Yousuf, A.Y. and Gupta, S.S. and Gupta, T. and Gupta, R. and Gupta, R. and Haagsma, J.A. and Polinder, S. and Hachinski, V. and Stranges, S. and Hamadeh, R.R. and Hamidi, S. and Tabaras-Seisdedos, R. and Tyrovolas, S. and Hasaballah, A.I. and Hassanipour, S. and Joukar, F. and Mansour-Ghanaei, F. and Jaafari, J. and Havmoeller, R.J. and Hayat, K. and Heibati, B. and Heidari, G. and Henok, A. and Hird, T.R. and Moraga, P. and Sigfusdottir, I.D. and Phillips, M.R. and Hole, M.K. and Hollingsworth, B. and Hopf, K.P. and Hosgood, H. and Hossain, N. and Mai, H.T. and Nguyen, C.T. and Nguyen, D.N. and Nguyen, H.L.T. and Pham, H.Q. and Nguyen, D.N. and Househ, M. and Hsairi, M. and Lin, R. and Hsieh, V. and Hwang, B. and Hu, K. and Humayun, A. and Hussain, R. and Ibeneme, C.U. and Ikeda, N. and Ilic, M.D. and Inbaraj, L.R. and Iqbal, U. and Islami, F. and Yamagishi, K. and Iso, H. and Iwu, C.C.D. and Jacobsen, K.H. and Jayatilleke, A.U. and Jeemon, P. and Jha, R.P. and Jia, P. and Osei, F.B. and Schutte, A.E. and Johansson, L. and Szacska, M. and Joo, T. and Jozwiak, J.J. and Jarisson, M. and Kabir, Z. and Roshandel, G. and Oladnabi, M. and Kalani, H. and Kassa, G.M. and Katikireddi, S.V. and Yamada, T. and Nomura, S. and Kawakami, N. and Kayode, G.A. and Kromhout, H. and Traini, E. and Kumar, M. and Keiyoro, P.N. and Muriithi, M.K. and Wamai, R.G. and Khader, Y.S. and Khalid, N. and Khan, E.A. and Khang, Y. and Khatab, K. and Khubchandani, J. and Kim, Y. and Yoon, S. and Shin, M. and Kim, C. and Kim, Y. and Kim, D. and Kimokoti, R.W. and Kinfu, Y. and Kisa, S. and Kisa, A. and Kissimova-Skarbek, K. and Topor-Madry, R. and Lallukka, T. and Meretoja, T.J. and Shivakumar, K.M. and Knudsen, A.S. and Sulo, G. and Kosen, S. and Kotlo, A. and Koul, P.A. and Krishan, K. and KS, S. and Kuate Defo, B. and Kucuk Bicer, B. and Yuce, D. and Rawat, R. and Meitei, W.B. and Kumar, P. and Singh, P. and Kumaresh, G. and Lami, F.H. and Landires, I. and Nunez-Samudio, V. and Landires, and Lansingh, V.C. and Lansky, S. and Larsson, A.O. and Lasrado, S. and Lavados, P.M. and Leasher, J.L. and Lee, S.W.H. and Leonardi, M. and Raggi, A. and Sattin-PsyD, D. and Li, B. and Lim, L. and Takahashi, K. and Linehan, C. and Linn, S. and Shuval, K. and Listl, S. and Zhou, M. and Liu, S. and Logroscino, G. and Looker, K.J. and Lorkowski, S. and Lunevicius, R. and Lyons, R.A. and Madotto, F. and Magdyabdelrazek, H. and Magdyabdelrazek, M. and Mahmoudi, M. and Maled, V. and Moradi, G. and Maleki, A. and Manafi, A. and Mapoma, C. and Martini, S. and Martins-Melo, F.R. and Masaka, A. and Mcalinden, C. and Momen, N.C. and Plana-Ripoll, O. and Medina-Solís, C.E. and Meharie, B. and Mehndiratta, M. and Mehrotra, R. and Suliankatchi-Abdulkader, R. and Mekonnen, T. and Memiah, P.T.N. and Wallin, M.T. and Memish, Z.A. and Mendoza, W. and Mestrovic, T. and Miazgowski, B. and Miazgowski, T. and Miazgowski, B. and Michalek, I. and Mini, G. and Miri, M. and Mirrakhimov, E.M. and Mirzaei, H. and Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A. and Mohammadpourhodki, R. and Sahebkar, A. and Mohammed, H. and Sufiyan, M.B. and Mohammed, S. and Mohseni-Bandpei, M.A. and Monasta, L. and Ronfani, L. and Mondello, S. and Moradi-Joo, M. and Morawska, L. and Mousavi-Khaneghah, A. and Westerman, R. and Werdecker, A. and Mueller, U.O. and Mukhopadhyay, S. and Musa, K. and Mustafa, G. and Nagarajan, A.J. and Nagel, G. and Rothenbacher, D. and Naik, G. and Schwebel, D.C. and Singh, J.A. and Naimzada, M. and Otstavnov, N. and Otstavnov, S.S. and Soshnikov, S. and Titova, M.V. and Nair, S. and Naldi, L. and Nangia, V. and Nansseu, J. and Sobngwi, E. and Nguefack-Tsague, G. and Ndejjo, R. and Ngari, K.N. and Ngunjiri, J.W. and Nigatu, Y.T. and Oancea, B. and Oh, I. and Okunga, E.W. and Olusanya, J.O. and Olusanya, B.O. and Ong, S. and Onwujekwe, O.E. and Ortega-Altamirano, D.V. and Ortiz, A. and Soriano, J.B. and Osarenotor, O. and Ostojic, S.M. and Vlassov, V. and Pa, M. and Pangaribuan, H.U. and Park, E. and Pasupula, D. and Patel, J.R. and Patel, S.K. and Paternina-Caicedo, A.J. and Pathak, M. and Pathak, A. and Patten, S.B. and Tonelli, M. and Weintraub, R.G. and Paudel, S. and Pepito, V.F. and Thurston, G.D. and Peprah, E.K. and Pereira, J. and Pescarini, J.M. and Piccinelli, C. and Pilgrim, T. and Plass, D. and Pokhrel, K.N. and Prada, S.I. and Prakash, V. and Prakash, S. and Prasad, N. and Shigematsu, M. and Pribadi, D.R.A. and Sudaryanto, A. and Rabiee, M. and Radfar, A. and Ranabhat, C.L. and Ranta, A. and Ribeiro, D.C. and Rao, S. and Rawaf, D.L. and Rawal, L. and Renjith, V. and Rickard, J. and Roever, L. and Romoli, M. and Rostamian, M. and Rubagotti, E. and Rwegerera, G.M. and Ullah, S. and Sajadi, S. and Salam, N. and Salomon, J.A. and Salz, I. and Saraswathy, S.Y. and Sarmiento-Sua¡rez, R. and Sathian, B. and Savic, M. and Saylan, M. and Schwendicke, F. and Sekerija, M. and Senthilkumaran, S. and Sha, F. and Shaheen, A.A. and Shaikh, M.A. and Shamsizadeh, M. and Shannawaz, M. and Sharma, R. and Shin, J. and Shiri, R. and Sierpinski, R. and Sigurvinsdottir, R. and Silva, D.A.S. and Simonetti, B. and Singh, A. and Sinha, D.N. and Skiadaresi, E. and Skou, S.T. and Skryabin, V.Y. and Zastrozhin, M.S. and Soheili, A. and Sokhan, A. and Somefun, O.D. and Korotkova, A.V. and Soyiri, I.N. and Sreeramareddy, C.T. and Srinivasan, V. and Sripada, K. and Stovner, L.J. and Stockfelt, L. and Sultan, I. and Swope, C.B. and Vaicekonyte, R. and Sykes, B.L. and Szumowski, L. and Tabb, K.M. and Tabuchi, T. and Taddele, B.W. and Tahir, Z. and Tareque, M.I. and Tarigan, I.U. and Taveira, N. and Thankappan, K.R. and Thomas, N. and Varughese, S. and Touvier, M. and Tran, B.X. and Tsatsakis, A. and Vardavas, C. and Ullah, I. and Umeokonkwo, C.D. and Undurraga, E.A. and Upadhyay, E. and Vasankari, T.J. and Vasconcelos, A.N. and Veisani, Y. and Vidale, S. and Waheed, Y. and Wei, J. and Wang, F. and Zhao, X.G. and Wang, Y. and Yu, C. and Zhang, Z. and Wang, H. and Weiss, J. and Wiangkham, T. and Wickramasinghe, N.D. and Wu, A. and Xie, Y. and Xu, G. and Yahyazadeh-Jabbari, S. and Yilgwan, C.S. and Yonemoto, N. and Younis, M.Z. and Younker, T.P. and Yu, Y. and Zaidi, S. and Zhang, J. and Zhang, Y. and Zheleva, B. and Zhu, C. and Collaborators, GBD 2019 Demographics (2020) Global age-sex-specific fertility, mortality, healthy life expectancy (HALE), and population estimates in 204 countries and territories, 1950–2019: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet, 396 (10258). pp. 1160-1203.

الإتاحة: http://eprints.iums.ac.ir/33844Test/
http://eprints.iums.ac.ir/33844/1/Global%20age-sex-specific%20fertility,%20mortality,%20healthy%20life%20expectancy%20%28HALE%29,%20and%20population%20estimates%20in%20204%20countries%20and%20territories,%201950%E2%80%932019%20a%20comprehensive%20demographic%20analysis%20for%20the%20Global%20Burden%20of%20Disease%20Study%2020.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Abbafati, C., Machado, D.B., Cislaghi, B., Salman, O.M., Karanikolos, M., McKee, M., Abbas, K.M., Brady, O.J., Larson, H.J., Trias-Llimas, S., Cummins, S., Langan, S.M., Sartorius, B., Hafiz, A., Jenabi, E., Mohammadgholimezerji, N., Borzouei, S., Azarian, G., Khazaei, S., Abbasi, M., Asghari, B., Masoumi, S., Komaki, H., Taherkhani, A., Adabi, M., Abbasifard, M., Bazmandegan, G., Kamiab, Z., Vakilian, A., Anjomshoa, M., Mokari, A., Sabour, S., Shahbaz, M., Saeedi, R., Ahmadieh, H., Yousefinezhadi, T., Haj-Mirzaian, A., Nikbakhsh, R., Safi, S., Asgari, S., Irvani, S.N., Jahanmehr, N., Ramezanzadeh, K., Abbasi-Kangevari, M., Khayamzadeh, M., Abbastabar, H., Shirkoohi, R., Fazlzadeh, M., Janjani, H., Hosseini, M., Mansournia, M., Tohidinik, H., Bakhtiari, A., Fazaeli, A., Mousavi, S., Hasanzadeh, A., Nabavizadeh, B., Malekzadeh, R., Hashemian, M., Pourshams, A., Salimzadeh, H., Sepanlou, S.G., Afarideh, M., Esteghamati, A., Esteghamati, S., Ghajar, A., Heidari, B., Rezaei, N., Mohamadi, E., Rahimi-Movaghar, A., Rahim, F., Eskandarieh, S., Sahraian, M., Mohebi, F., Aminorroaya, A., Ebrahimi, H., Farzadfar, F., Mohajer, B., Pishgar, F., Moghaddam, S., Shabani, M., Zarafshan, H., Abolhassani, H., Hafezinejad, N., Heidari-Soureshjani, R., Abdollahi, M., Farahmand, M., Salamati, P., Mehrabi Nasab, E., Tajdini, M., Aghamir, S., Mirzaei, R., Dibajiforooshani, Z., Khater, M.M., Abd-Allah, F., Abdelalim, A., Abualhasan, A., El-Jaafary, S.I., Hassan, A., Elsharkawy, A., Khater, A.M., Elhabashy, H.R., Salem, M.R.R., Salem, H., Sadeghi, M., Jafarinia, M., Amini-Rarani, M., Mohammadifard, N., Sarrafzadegan, N., Abdollahpour, I., Sarveazad, A., Tehrani-Banihashemi, A., Yoosefi Lebni, J., Manafi, N., Pazoki Toroudi, H., Dorostkar, F., Alipour, V., Sheikhtaheri, A., Arabloo, J., Azari, S., Ghashghaee, A., Rezapour, A., Naserbakht, M., Kabir, A., Mehri, F., Yousefifard, M., Asadi-Aliabadi, M., Babaee, E., Eshrati, B., Goharinezhad, S., Moradi-Lakeh, M., Abedi, P., Rashedi, V., Kumar, V., Elgendy, I.Y., Basu, S., Park, J., Pereira, A., Norheim, O.F., Eagan, A.W., Cahill, L.E., Sheikh, A., Abushouk, A.I., Kraemer, M.U.G., Thakur, B., Barnighausen, T.W., Shrime, M.G., Abedi, A., Doshi, C.P., Abegaz, K.H., Geberemariyam, B.S., Aynalem, Y.A., Shiferaw, W.S., Abosetugn, A.E., Aboyans, V., Abrams, E.M., Gitimoghaddam, M., Kissoon, N., Stubbs, J.L., Brauer, M., Iyamu, I.O., Kopec, J.A., Pourmalek, F., Ribeiro, A.P., Malta, D.C., Gomez, R.S., Abreu, L.G., Abrigo, M.R.M., Almulhim, A.M., Dahlawi, S.M.A., Pottoo, F.H., Menezes, R.G., Alanzi, T.M., Alumran, A.K., Abu Haimed, A.K., Madadin, M., Alanezi, F.M., Abu-Gharbieh, E., Saddik, B., Abu-Raddad, L.J., Samy, A.M., El Nahas, N., Shalash, A.S., Nabhan, A.F., Kamath, A.M., Kassebaum, N.J., Aravkin, A.Y., Kochhar, S., Sorensen, R.J.D., Afshin, A., Burkart, K., Cromwell, E.A., Dandona, L., Dharmaratne, S.D., Gakidou, E., Hay, S.I., Kyu, H.H., Lopez, A.D., Lozano, R., Misganaw, A.T., Mokdad, A.H., Naghavi, M., Pigott, D.M., Reiner Jr, R.C., Roth, G.A., Stanaway, J.D., Vollset, S., Vos, T., Wang, H., Lim, S.S., Murray, C.J.L., Kalani, R., Ikuta, K.S., Cho, D.Y., Kneib, C.J., Crowe, C.S., Massenburg, B.B., Morrison, S.D., Acebedo, A., Adelson, J.D., Agesa, K.M., Alam, T., Albertson, S.B., Anderson, J.A., Antony, C.M., Ashbaugh, C., Assmus, M., Azhar, G., Balassyano, S., Bannick, M.S., Barthelemy, C.M., Bender, R.G., Bennitt, F.B., Bertolacci, G.J., Biehl, M.H., Bisignano, C., Boon-Dooley, A.S., Briant, P.S., Bryazka, D., Bumgarner, B.R., Callender, C.S., Cao, J., Castle, C.D., Castro, E., Causey, K., Cercy, K.M., Chalek, J., Charlson, F.J., Cohen, A.J., Comfort, H., Compton, K., Croneberger, A.J., Cruz, J.A., Cunningham, M., Dandona, R., Dangel, W.J., Dean, F.E., DeCleene, N.K., Deen, A., Degenhardt, L., Dingels, Z.V., Dippenaar, I.N., Dirac, M.A., Dolgert, A.J., Emmons-Bell, S., Estep, K., Farag, T., Feigin, V.L., Feldman, R., Ferrara, G., Ferrari, A.J., Fitzgerald, R., Force, L.M., Fox, J.T., Frank, T.D., Fu, W., Fukutaki, K., Fuller, J.E., Fullman, N., Galles, N.C., Gardner, W.M., Gershberg-Hayoon, A., Goren, E., Gorman, T.M., Gottlich, H.C., Guo, G., Haddock, B., Hagins, H., Haile, L.M., Hamilton, E.B., Han, C., Han, H., Harvey, J.D., Henny, K., Henrikson, H.J., Henry, N.J., Herbert, M.E., Hsiao, T., Huynh, C.K., Iannucci, V.C., Ippolito, H., Irvine, C.M.S., Jafari, H., Jahagirdar, D., James, S.L., Johnson, C.O., Johnson, S.C., Keller, C., Kemmer, L., Kendrick, P.J., Knight, M., Kocarnik, J.M., Krohn, K.J., Larson, S.L., Lau, K.M., Ledesma, J.R., Leever, A.T., LeGrand, K.E., Lescinsky, H., Lin, C., Liu, H., Liu, Z., Lo, J., Lu, A., Ma, J., Maddison, E.R., Manguerra, H., Marks, A., Martopullo, I., Mastrogiacomo, C.I., May, E.A., Mooney, M.D., Mosser, J.F., Mullany, E.C., Mumford, J., Munro, S.B., Nandakumar, V., Nguyen, J., Nguyen, M., Nichols, E., Nixon, M.R., Odell, C.M., Ong, K.L., Orji, A.U., Ostroff, S.M., Pasovic, M., Paulson, K.R., Pease, S.A., Pennini, A., Pierce, M., Pilz, T.M., Pletcher, M., Rao, P.C., Razo, C., Redford, S.B., Reinig, N., Reitsma, M.B., Rhinehart, P., Robalik, T., Roberts, S., Roberts, N.L.S., Rolfe, S., Sbarra, A.N., Schaeffer, L.E., Shackelford, K.A., Shadid, J., Sharara, F., Shaw, D.H., Sheena, B.S., Simpson, K.E., Smith, A., Spencer, C.N., Spurlock, E.E., Stark, B.A., Steiner, C., Steuben, K.M., Sylte, D.O., Tang, M., Taylor, H.J., Terrason, S., Thomson, A.M., Torre, A.E., Travillian, R., Troeger, C.E., Vongpradith, A., Walters, M.K., Wang, J., Watson, A., Watson, S., Whisnant, J.L., Whiteford, H.A., Wiens, K.E., Wilner, L.B., Wilson, S., Wool, E.E., Wozniak, S.S., Wu, J., Wulf Hanson, S., Wunrow, H., Xu, R., Yadgir, S., Yearwood, J.A., York, H.W., Yuan, C., Zhao, J.T., Zheng, P., Zimsen, S.R.M., Zlavog, B.S., Chang, A.Y., Oren, E., Buchbinder, R., Chin, K.L., Guo, Y., Polkinghorne, K.R., Thrift, A.G., Lee, S.W.H., Ackerman, I.N., Cicuttini, F.M., Li, S., Zaman, S., Suleria, H., Zhang, J., Cowie, B.C., Wijeratne, T., Patton, G.C., Sawyer, S.M., Adair, T., Meretoja, A., Adetokunboh, O.O., Adamu, A.A., Iwu, C.J., Parry, C.D.H., Seedat, S., Ndwandwe, D.E., Mahasha, P.W., Stein, D.J., Nnaji, C.A., Sambala, E.Z., Wiysonge, C.S., Adebayo, O.M., Ilesanmi, O.S., Owolabi, M.O., Adeoye, A.M., Adedeji, I.A., Adekanmbi, V., Ibitoye, S.E., John-Akinola, Y.O., Oluwasanu, M.M., Oghenetega, O.B., Akinyemi, R.O., Zandian, H., Adham, D., Zahirian Moghadam, T., Advani, S.M., Teagle, W.L., Braithwaite, D., Agasthi, P., Saadatagah, S., Afshari, M., Agardh, E.E., Allebeck, P., Danielsson, A., Deuba, K., Carrero, J.J., Mohammad, D.K., Fereshtehnejad, S., Arnlav, J., Nowak, C., Cederroth, C.R., Ahmadi, A., Pathak, A., Mills, E.J., Kurmi, O.P., Olagunju, A.T., Agarwal, G., Sathish, T., Aghaali, M., Mohammadbeigi, A., Agrawal, A., Ahmad, T., Ahmadi, K., Maleki, S., Naderi, M., Salahshoor, M.R., Pourmirza Kalhori, R., Almasi, A., Salimi, Y., Siabani, S., Ziapour, A., Barzegar, A., Khazaie, H., Kianipour, N., Amiri, F., Salehi-Zahabi, S., Mirzaei, M., Shamsi, M., Najafi, F., Jalali, A., Ghadiri, K., Heydarpour, F., Fattahi, N., Karami-Matin, B., Kazemi Karyani, A., Pirsaheb, M., Rajati, F., Sadeghi, E., Safari, Y., Sharafi, K., Soltani, S., Vasseghian, Y., Atafar, Z., Jalilian, F., Mirzaei-Alavijeh, M., Saeidi, S., Soofi, M., Zangeneh, A., Mansouri, B., Ahmadi, M., Khafaie, M.A., Safiri, S., Moghadaszadeh, M., Asghari-Jafarabadi, M., Doshmangir, L., Jadidi-Niaragh, F., Ghafourifard, M., Spotin, A., Khodayari, M., Samadi Kafil, H., Kalankesh, L.R., Ahmadpour, E., Yousefi, B., Ansari, F., Hassankhani, H., Karimi, S., Haririan, H., Mereta, S., Ahmed, M.B., Feyissa, G.T., Ciobanu, L.G., Aji, B., Aynalem, G.L., Gebresillassie, B., Tefera, Y.G., Akalu, T.Y., Baraki, A.G., Tesema, G.A., Tessema, Z.T., Tamiru, A.T., Azene, Z.N., Netsere, H.B., Yano, Y., Akinyemiju, T., Wu, C., Zadey, S., Samad, Z., Ji, J.S., Doshi, P.P., John, O., Jha, V., Maulik, P.K., Pesudovs, K., Resnikoff, S., Mitchell, P.B., Sachdev, P.S., Akombi, B., Godinho, M.A., Ivers, R.Q., Peden, A.E., Biswas, R., Boufous, S., Akunna, C.J., Alahdab, F., Hammer, M.S., van Donkelaar, A., Al-Aly, Z., Dellavalle, R.P., Alam, S., Martin, R.V., Alam, N., De Leo, D., Tadakamadla, S.K., Alam, K., Alcalde-Rabanal, J.E., Avila-Burgos, L., Serván-Mori, E., Denova-Gutiérrez, E., Rodríguez-Ramírez, S., Morales, L., Poznaaska, A., Wojtyniak, B., Rivera, J.A., Campos-Nonato, I.R., Campuzano Rincon, J., Sánchez-Pimienta, T.G., Mengesha, M.B., Welay, F.T., Alema, N.M., Demsie, D.G., Teame, H., Teklehaimanot, B.F., Alemu, B.W., Gultie, T., Bante, A.B., Yeshitila, Y.G., Geramo, Y.C.D., Glagn, M., Sorrie, M.B., W/hawariat, F.G., Amare, A., Kasa, A., Alemu, Y., Mihretie, K.M., Atnafu, D.D., Demeke, F.M., Melese, A., Bante, S.A., Dessie, G.A., Mengesha, E.W., Nigatu, D., Almadi, M.A.H., Alhabib, K.F., Mohammad, Y., Altirkawi, K.A., Temsah, M., Kugbey, N., Ayanore, M.A., Alhassan, R.K., Ali, M., Ali, S., Alicandro, G., Kalhor, R., Alijanzadeh, M., Alinia, C., Yusefzadeh, H., Didarloo, A., Alizade, H., Nikpoor, A., Aljunid, S.M., Alla, F., Leal, L.F., Almasi-Hashiani, A., Moradzadeh, R., Zamanian, M., Nazari, J., Amini, S., Ghamari, F., Almasri, N.A., Khan, M., Al-Mekhlafi, H.M., Bedi, N., Alonso, J., Ciber, E.S.P., Al-Raddadi, R.M., Zakzuk, J., Alvis-Guzman, N., Alvis-Zakzuk, N.J., Castañeda-Orjuela, C.A., Malagón-Rojas, J.N., Gezae, K., Gesesew, H.A., Muthupandian, S., Gebremeskel, G.G., Berhe, K., Amare, B., Ayza, M.A., Gebremeskel, L.G., Gebreslassie, A.A.A., Bitew, H., Zewdie, K.A., Tela, F.G.G., Gill, T.K., Noubiap, J., Lassi, Z.S., Bhandari, D., Amit, A.L., Antonio, C.T., Faraon, E.A., Lopez, J.F., Atre, S.R., Ballew, S.H., Matsushita, K., Khoja, A.T., Daneshpajouhnejad, P., Ghadimi, M., Shafaat, O., Fanzo, J., Amugsi, D.A., Amul, G.H., Koh, D.S.Q., Venketasubramanian, N., Anbesu, E.W., Mohammed, J.A., Wondmeneh, T.G., Andrei, C., Negoi, R.I., Davitoiu, D.V., Manda, A., Negoi, I., Preotescu, L., Hostiuc, M., Hostiuc, S., Ancuceanu, R., Hasan, M., Leung, J., Anderlini, D., Mamun, A.A., Maravilla, J.C., McGrath, J.J., Lalloo, R., Uddin, R., Erskine, H.E., Knibbs, L.D., Mantilla Herrera, A.M., Santomauro, D.F., Mirica, A., Ausloos, M., Herteliu, C., OÅ£oiu, A., Pana, A., Andrei, T., Atefan, S., Androudi, S., Angus, C., Ansari, I., Pourjafar, H., Shams-Beyranvand, M., Ansari-Moghaddam, A., Khammarnia, M., Antonazzo, I., Ferrara, P., Conti, S., Cortesi, P.A., Fornari, C., Lee, P.H., Antriyandarti, E., Yousefi, Z., Rafiei, A., Javidnia, J., Faridnia, R., Anvari, D., Goudarzian, A., Moosazadeh, M., Rezai, M., Daryani, A., Fareed, M., Anwer, R., Appiah, S., Paudel, D., Dichgans, M., Riahi, S., Rajabpour-Sanati, A., Arab-Zozani, M., Arba, A.A.K., Aremu, O., Ariani, F., Aripov, T., Armoon, B., Mahdavi, M.M., Arowosegbe, O.O., Tediosi, F., Aryal, K.K., Mosapour, A., Yaminfirooz, M., Arzani, A., Bijani, A., Jahani, M.A., Mouodi, S., Zamani, M., Asaad, M., Dianatinasab, M., Bahrami, M., Pakshir, K., Asadi-Pooya, A.A., Bayati, M., Shahabi, S., Athari, S., Atout, M.M.W., Atteraya, M.S., Brugha, T., Ausloos, F., Avokpaho, E.F.G., Room, R., Islam, M., Edvardsson, D., Rahman, M., Ayala Quintanilla, B., Gething, P.W., Briggs, A.M., Ayano, G., Hendrie, D., Miller, T.R., Azzopardi, P.S., Hoogar, P., B, D.B., Kulkarni, V., Kumar, N., Mithra, P., Shetty, R.S., Thapar, R., Padubidri, J., Bakkannavar, S.M., Nayak, V.C., Rastogi, P., Shetty, B.K., Bhageerathy, R., Gudi, N., Boloor, A., Holla, R., Rathi, P., Unnikrishnan, B., Janodia, M.D., Lang, J.J., Badawi, A., Orpana, H.M., Bhutta, Z.A., Shield, K.D., Chattu, V., Badiye, A.D., Kapoor, N., Bagherzadeh, M., Rabiee, N., Bagli, E., Baig, A.A., Bairwa, M., Lodha, R., Sagar, R., Rath, G.K., Bhardwaj, P., Charan, J., Kanchan, T., Joshi, A., Pakhare, A.P., Bakhshaei, M., Naghshtabrizi, B., Balachandran, A., Hoek, H.W., Postma, M.J., Geremew, A., Gebrehiwot, A.M., Balakrishnan, S., Desalew, A., Bojia, H.A., Mohammed, A.S., Regassa, L.D., Parmar, P.G.K., Balalla, S., Baldasseroni, A., Stokes, M.A., Ball, K., Islam, S., Maddison, R., Balzi, D., Levi, M., Banach, M., Banerjee, S.K., Banik, P.C., Barua, L., Faruque, M., Barboza, M.A., Barker-Collo, S.L., Jonas, J.B., Panda-Jonas, S., De Neve, J., Kohler, S., Moazen, B., Mohammed, S., Barrero, L.H., Basaleem, H., Bassat, Q., Haro, J.M., Koyanagi, A., Car, J., Greaves, F., Majeed, A., Davis, A.C., Steiner, T.J., Kusuma, D., Palladino, R., Rawaf, S., Saxena, S., Rawaf, D.L., Baune, B.T., Karch, A., Baye, B.A., Darega Gela, J., Kolola, T., Becker, J.S., DeLang, M., West, J., Gad, M.M., Serre, M.L., Gallus, S., Lugo, A., Beghi, E., Pupillo, E., Bosetti, C., Giussani, G., Bikbov, B., Perico, N., Remuzzi, G., Imani-Nasab, M., Nouraei Motlagh, S., Sharafi, Z., Behzadifar, M., Bajot, Y., Bekuma, T.T., Yilma, M.T., Bell, M.L., Bello, A.K., Rafiee, A., Keddie, S.H., Lucas, T.C.D., Dolecek, C., Dunachie, S.J., Rumisha, S.F., Weiss, D.J., Lewington, S., Collins, E.L., Nandi, A.K., Zhao, Y., Bennett, D.A., Karim, M.A., Lacey, B., Khundkar, R., Yaya, S., Goulart, A.C., Santos, I.S., Bensenor, I.M., Lotufo, P.A., Tovani-Palone, M.R., Castaldelli-Maia, J., Wang, Y., Furtado, J.M., Benziger, C.P., Berman, A.E., Mazidi, M., Bernabe, E., Dargan, P.I., Molokhia, M., Shibuya, K., Douiri, A., Wolfe, C.D.A., Hay, R.J., Flohr, C., Suchdev, P.S., Ram, P., Bernstein, R.S., Liu, Y., Bhagavathula, A.S., Khan, G., Grivna, M., Bhala, N., Chandan, J.S., Gaidhane, A.M., Quazi Syed, Z., Saxena, D., Khatib, M., Bhat, A.G., Bhattacharyya, K., Bhattarai, S., Das, J.K., Bibi, S., Bilano, V., Bin Sayeed, M., Cherbuin, N., D'Amico, E., Grosso, G., Borzì, A.M., Biondi, A., Vacante, M., Valli, A., Birihane, B.M., Bisanzio, D., Hassan, S., Bja-rge, T., Averland, S., Bockarie, M.J., Mensah, G.A., Sliwa, K., Gholamian, A., Bohlouli, S., Esmaeilnejad, S., Bohluli, M., Bolla, S.R., Borges, G., Bose, D., Bourne, R., Brayne, C., Breitborde, N.J.K., Fisher, J.L., Breitner, S., Brenner, H., Breusov, A.V., Rakovac, I., Briko, N.I., Lopukhov, P.D., Glushkova, E.V., Korshunov, V.A., Polibin, R.V., Jakovljevic, M., Briko, A.N., Britton, G.B., Castro, F., Moreno Velásquez, I., Burnett, R.T., Burugina Nagaraja, S., Busse, R., Butt, Z.A., Caetano dos Santos, F., Cai, T., Hall, B.J., Cahuana-Hurtado, L., Cámera, L.A., Valdez, P.R., Tudor Car, L., Ca¡rdenas, R., Gorini, G., Carreras, G., Fernandes, E., Freitas, M., Pereira, D.M., Santos, J.V., Ribeiro, D., Pinheiro, M., Massano, J., das Neves, J., Dias da Silva, D., Carvalho, F., Costa, V.M., Silva, J.P., Morgado-da-Costa, J., Castelpietra, G., Catala¡-Lapez, F., Pakhale, S., Cerin, E., Yip, P., Ho, H., Chang, J., Chang, A.R., Chang, K., Cooper, O.R., Chaturvedi, S., Chimed-Ochir, O., Chirinos-Caceres, J.L., Choi, J.J., Christensen, H., Truelsen, T.C., Chu, D., Kivimäki, M., Chung, S., Kumar, M., Ward, J.L., Chung, M.T., Cirillo, M., Avic, S., Classen, T.K.D., Lauriola, P., Corso, B., Hugo, F.N., Kieling, C., Cousin, E., Duncan, B.B., Goulart, B.N.G., Schmidt, M.I., Stein, C., Cowden, R.G., MacLachlan, J.H., Leigh, J., Cross, M., Ferreira, M.L., Smith, E.U.R., Driscoll, T.R., Huda, T.M., Hoy, D.G., Horita, N., Cross, D.H., Dai, H., Hu, G., Damasceno, A.A.M., Damiani, G., La Vecchia, C., Sanabria, J., Pandey, A., Mathur, M.R., Zodpey, S., Kumar, G., Lal, D.K., Hamagharib Abdullah, K., Hosseinzadeh, M., Darwesh, A.M., Faraj, A., Omar Bali, A., Das Gupta, R., Dash, A.P., Davey, G., Deribe, K., Gebremedhin, K.B., Wondmieneh, A.B., Dereje, N.D., Da¡vila-Cervantes, C.A., Davletov, K., Mereke, A., Serdar, B., Haile, T.G., Tadesse, D.B., Weldesamuel, G.T., Demoz, G.T., Woldu, G., Handiso, D., Dervenis, N., Topouzis, F., Desai, R., Dhungana, G.P., Emamian, M., Diaz, D., Djalalinia, S., Nguyen, T.H., Vu, G.T., Do, H.T., Dokova, K., Doku, D.T., Neupane, S., Takala, J.S., Doxey, M.C., Doyle, K.E., Renzaho, A.M.N., Ogbo, F.A., Robinson, S.R., Vukovic, A., Ilic, I.M., Santric-Milicevic, M.M., Vujcic, I.S., Dubljanin, E., Vukovic, R., Rasella, D., Duraes, A.R., Ebrahimi Kalan, M., Effiong, A., Pond, C.D., Ehrlich, J.R., Liu, X., Wei, M.Y.W., El Sayed, I., El Tantawi, M., El Sayed Zaki, M., Elbarazi, I., Tsai, A.C., Elyazar, I.R., Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V., Eskandari, K., Sharifi, H., Halvaei, I., Ghaffarifar, F., Zaki, L., Hasanpoor, E., Esmaeilzadeh, F., Etemadi, A., Lan, Q., Yeheyis, T.Y., Etisso, A.E., Ezekannagha, O., EFarinha, C.S., Farioli, A., Violante, F.S., Faris, P.S., Faro, A., Lam, J.O., Filip, I., Fischer, F., Flor, L.S., Foigt, N.A., Folayan, M.O., Fomenkov, A.A., Foroutan, M., Francis, J.M., Franklin, R.C., Fukumoto, T., Gamkrelidze, A., Kereselidze, M., Garcia-Basteiro, A.L., Lazarus, J.V., Straif, K., Ghiasvand, H., Ghith, N., Norrving, B., Mehta, K.M., Mohamad, O., Salama, J.S., Ghosh, R., Giampaoli, S., Gilani, S., Hameed, S., Hanif, A., Rana, S.M., Uthman, O.A., Gill, P.S., Gillum, R.F., Ginawi, I.A., Ginindza, T.G., Tlou, B., Tanser, F.C., Gnedovskaya, E.V., Kravchenko, M.A., Piradov, M.A., Golechha, M., Goli, S., Milne, G.J., Schlaich, M.P., Hankey, G.J., Gona, P.N., Gopalani, S.V., Goudarzi, H., Rawassizadeh, R., Grada, A., Nsoesie, E.O., Javaheri, T., Steel, N., Gubari, M.I.M., Gugnani, H.C., Guimaraes, A.L.S., Guimarães, R.A., Guled, R.A., Senbeta, A.M., Hashi, A., Omer, M.O., Yousuf, A.Y., Gupta, S.S., Gupta, T., Gupta, R., Haagsma, J.A., Polinder, S., Hachinski, V., Stranges, S., Hamadeh, R.R., Hamidi, S., Tabaras-Seisdedos, R., Tyrovolas, S., Hasaballah, A.I., Hassanipour, S., Joukar, F., Mansour-Ghanaei, F., Jaafari, J., Havmoeller, R.J., Hayat, K., Heibati, B., Heidari, G., Henok, A., Hird, T.R., Moraga, P., Sigfusdottir, I.D., Phillips, M.R., Hole, M.K., Hollingsworth, B., Hopf, K.P., Hosgood, H., Hossain, N., Mai, H.T., Nguyen, C.T., Nguyen, D.N., Nguyen, H.L.T., Pham, H.Q., Househ, M., Hsairi, M., Lin, R., Hsieh, V., Hwang, B., Hu, K., Humayun, A., Hussain, R., Ibeneme, C.U., Ikeda, N., Ilic, M.D., Inbaraj, L.R., Iqbal, U., Islami, F., Yamagishi, K., Iso, H., Iwu, C.C.D., Jacobsen, K.H., Jayatilleke, A.U., Jeemon, P., Jha, R.P., Jia, P., Osei, F.B., Schutte, A.E., Johansson, L., Szacska, M., Joo, T., Jozwiak, J.J., Jarisson, M., Kabir, Z., Roshandel, G., Oladnabi, M., Kalani, H., Kassa, G.M., Katikireddi, S.V., Yamada, T., Nomura, S., Kawakami, N., Kayode, G.A., Kromhout, H., Traini, E., Keiyoro, P.N., Muriithi, M.K., Wamai, R.G., Khader, Y.S., Khalid, N., Khan, E.A., Khang, Y., Khatab, K., Khubchandani, J., Kim, Y., Yoon, S., Shin, M., Kim, C., Kim, D., Kimokoti, R.W., Kinfu, Y., Kisa, S., Kisa, A., Kissimova-Skarbek, K., Topor-Madry, R., Lallukka, T., Meretoja, T.J., Shivakumar, K.M., Knudsen, A.S., Sulo, G., Kosen, S., Kotlo, A., Koul, P.A., Krishan, K., KS, S., Kuate Defo, B., Kucuk Bicer, B., Yuce, D., Rawat, R., Meitei, W.B., Kumar, P., Singh, P., Kumaresh, G., Lami, F.H., Landires, I., Nunez-Samudio, V., Landires, Lansingh, V.C., Lansky, S., Larsson, A.O., Lasrado, S., Lavados, P.M., Leasher, J.L., Leonardi, M., Raggi, A., Sattin PsyD, D., Li, B., Lim, L., Takahashi, K., Linehan, C., Linn, S., Shuval, K., Listl, S., Zhou, M., Liu, S., Logroscino, G., Looker, K.J., Lorkowski, S., Lunevicius, R., Lyons, R.A., Madotto, F., Magdy Abd El Razek, H., Magdy Abd El Razek, M., Mahmoudi, M., Maled, V., Moradi, G., Maleki, A., Manafi, A., Mapoma, C., Martini, S., Martins-Melo, F.R., Masaka, A., McAlinden, C., Momen, N.C., Plana-Ripoll, O., Medina-Solís, C.E., Meharie, B., Mehndiratta, M., Mehrotra, R., Suliankatchi-Abdulkader, R., Mekonnen, T., Memiah, P.T.N., Wallin, M.T., Memish, Z.A., Mendoza, W., Mestrovic, T., Miazgowski, B., Miazgowski, T., Michalek, I., Mini, G., Miri, M., Mirrakhimov, E.M., Mirzaei, H., Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A., Mohammadpourhodki, R., Sahebkar, A., Mohammed, H., Sufiyan, M.B., Mohseni Bandpei, M.A., Monasta, L., Ronfani, L., Mondello, S., Moradi-Joo, M., Morawska, L., Mousavi Khaneghah, A., Westerman, R., Werdecker, A., Mueller, U.O., Mukhopadhyay, S., Musa, K., Mustafa, G., Nagarajan, A.J., Nagel, G., Rothenbacher, D., Naik, G., Schwebel, D.C., Singh, J.A., Naimzada, M., Otstavnov, N., Otstavnov, S.S., Soshnikov, S., Titova, M.V., Nair, S., Naldi, L., Nangia, V., Nansseu, J., Sobngwi, E., Nguefack-Tsague, G., Ndejjo, R., Ngari, K.N., Ngunjiri, J.W., Nigatu, Y.T., Oancea, B., Oh, I., Okunga, E.W., Olusanya, J.O., Olusanya, B.O., Ong, S., Onwujekwe, O.E., Ortega-Altamirano, D.V., Ortiz, A., Soriano, J.B., Osarenotor, O., Ostojic, S.M., Vlassov, V., Pa, M., Pangaribuan, H.U., Park, E., Pasupula, D., Patel, J.R., Patel, S.K., Paternina-Caicedo, A.J., Pathak, M., Patten, S.B., Tonelli, M., Weintraub, R.G., Paudel, S., Pepito, V.F., Thurston, G.D., Peprah, E.K., Pereira, J., Pescarini, J.M., Piccinelli, C., Pilgrim, T., Plass, D., Pokhrel, K.N., Prada, S.I., Prakash, V., Prakash, S., Prasad, N., Shigematsu, M., Pribadi, D.R.A., Sudaryanto, A., Rabiee, M., Radfar, A., Ranabhat, C.L., Ranta, A., Ribeiro, D.C., Rao, S., Rawal, L., Renjith, V., Rickard, J., Roever, L., Romoli, M., Rostamian, M., Rubagotti, E., Rwegerera, G.M., Ullah, S., Sajadi, S., Salam, N., Salomon, J.A., Salz, I., Saraswathy, S.Y., Sarmiento-Suárez, R., Sathian, B., Savic, M., Saylan, M., Schwendicke, F., Sekerija, M., Senthilkumaran, S., Sha, F., Shaheen, A.A., Shaikh, M.A., Shamsizadeh, M., Shannawaz, M., Sharma, R., Shin, J., Shiri, R., Sierpinski, R., Sigurvinsdottir, R., Silva, D.A.S., Simonetti, B., Singh, A., Sinha, D.N., Skiadaresi, E., Skou, S.T., Skryabin, V.Y., Zastrozhin, M.S., Soheili, A., Sokhan, A., Somefun, O.D., Korotkova, A.V., Soyiri, I.N., Sreeramareddy, C.T., Srinivasan, V., Sripada, K., Stovner, L.J., Stockfelt, L., Sultan, I., Swope, C.B., Vaicekonyte, R., Sykes, B.L., Szumowski, L., Tabb, K.M., Tabuchi, T., Taddele, B.W., Tahir, Z., Tareque, M.I., Tarigan, I.U., Taveira, N., Thankappan, K.R., Thomas, N., Varughese, S., Touvier, M., Tran, B.X., Tsatsakis, A., Vardavas, C., Ullah, I., Umeokonkwo, C.D., Undurraga, E.A., Upadhyay, E., Vasankari, T.J., Vasconcelos, A.N., Veisani, Y., Vidale, S., Waheed, Y., Wei, J., Wang, F., Zhao, X.G., Yu, C., Zhang, Z., Weiss, J., Wiangkham, T., Wickramasinghe, N.D., Wu, A., Xie, Y., Xu, G., Yahyazadeh Jabbari, S., Yilgwan, C.S., Yonemoto, N., Younis, M.Z., Younker, T.P., Yu, Y., Zaidi, S., Zhang, Y., Zheleva, B., Zhu, C., Collaborators, GBD 2019 Risk Factors