المؤلفون: Cornell, Marie

مرشدي الرسالة: Banks, Charles ; Heaven, Sonia

مصطلحات موضوعية: 636, GE Environmental Sciences

الوصف: The use of maize (Zea mays) as a co-substrate with cattle slurry for the production of biogas was investigated in detail by running several long term digestion trials under different operational conditions in laboratory scale semi-continuous digesters. These conditions included varying the organic loading rate (OLR) from 2 to 6 g VS l-1 d-1, the proportion of cattle slurry from 25 to 100%, and the recirculating regime. Results indicated that the co-digestion of cattle slurry and maize was viable at all loading rates tested with the greatest volumetric methane yield, 1.46 l l-1 d-1, produced at a 5 g VS l-1 d-1 OLR consisting of 40% cattle slurry; this corresponded to a specific methane yield of 0.26 l g-1 VS added. Successful digestion was shown at retention times as low as 15 days where a volumetric methane yield of 1.26 l l-1 was produced. Co-digestion had a pronounced effect on the volumetric methane yield with improvements of up to 355% when compared to the digestion of cattle slurry alone. Additionally, the OLR could be doubled by the addition of an equal quantity of maize, on a VS basis, with the volumetric methane yield increasing by over 200% without a great loss of the methane potential of the maize. For each trial undertaken in this research the actual methane yield produced from co-digestion was compared to that calculated to be produced. Support for synergy was shown in the first two trials where the actual methane yield exceeded that predicted however, the method used to calculate the predicted yield was suggested to be an inaccurate determination. To address this inaccuracy a trial was designed testing the digestion of the two substrates alone and together under the same operational conditions and methodology. A comparison between the mono and co-digestion trials indicated that the addition of maize to cattle slurry produced a methane yield that more or less equalled that calculated from the sum of the cattle slurry and maize alone. This brought the early indications of synergy into doubt with suggestions that they were the result of an inaccurate determination of the predicted yield and of inhibition washout. In the final part of the research an attempt was made to improve the volumetric methane yield by introducing solids recirculation to the co-digestion process with the objective of maintaining the slowly degradable fraction of the maize and cattle slurry in the digester for longer periods. This proved not to be a viable option with the methane production showing a decline; at an OLR of 5 g VS l-1 d-1, consisting of 50% cattle slurry, a decline of 0.31 l l-1 d-1 occurred. Solids recirculation was also introduced to the mono-digestion process to determine whether the differences shown in the co-digestion trial were a result of recirculating the solids of the cattle slurry, the maize or a combination of the two. Results showed that both substrates produced unstable conditions indicating that the co-digestion trial was not the result of just one substrate failing. Liquid recirculation was also tested on the co-digestion of the substrates and while no decline was observed no improvement was produced. KEYWORDS: Anaerobic digestion, co-digestion, cattle slurry, maize, solids recirculation

الإتاحة: https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.543416Test

المؤلفون: Spencer, Brianna L, Fallon, Brian P, McLeod, Jennifer S, Cornell, Marie, Perrone, Erin E, Manthei, David M, Rojas-Peña, Alvaro, Hirschl, Ronald B, Bartlett, Robert H, Mychaliska, George B

المساهمون: National Institutes of Health

المصدر: Perfusion ; ISSN 0267-6591 1477-111X

مصطلحات موضوعية: Advanced and Specialized Nursing, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Safety Research, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, General Medicine

الوصف: Introduction A radical paradigm shift in the treatment of premature infants failing conventional treatment is to recreate fetal physiology using an extracorporeal Artificial Placenta (AP). The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of changing fetal hemoglobin percent (HbF%) on physiology and circuit function during AP support in an ovine model. Methods Extremely premature lambs ( n = 5) were delivered by cesarean section at 117-121 d estimated gestational age (EGA) (term = 145d), weighing 2.5 ± 0.35 kg. Lambs were cannulated using 10-14Fr cannulae for drainage via the right jugular vein and reinfusion via the umbilical vein. Lambs were intubated and lungs were filled with perfluorodecalin to a meniscus with a pressure of 5–8 cm H 2 O. The first option for transfusion was fetal whole blood from twins followed by maternal red blood cells. Arterial blood gases were used to titrate AP support to maintain fetal blood gas values. Results The mean survival time on circuit was 119.6 ± 39.5 h. Hemodynamic parameters and lactate were stable throughout. As more adult blood transfusions were given to maintain hemoglobin at 10 mg/dL, the HbF% declined, reaching 40% by post operative day 7. The HbF% was inversely proportional to flow rates as higher flows were required to maintain adequate oxygen saturation and perfusion. Conclusions Transfusion of adult blood led to decreased fetal hemoglobin concentration during AP support. The HbF% was inversely proportional to flow rates. Future directions include strategies to decrease the priming volume and establishing a fetal blood bank to have blood rich in HbF.

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1177/02676591241240725Test

المؤلفون: Kading, Jacqueline C., Langley, Mark W., Lautner, Gergely, Jeakle, Mark M.P., Toomasian, John M., Fegan, Taylor L., Pfannes, Rachel A., Toor, Samantha C., Reiber, Mary A., Kordell, Peter R., Cornell, Marie S., Bartlett, Robert H., Rojas-Pena, Alvaro, Mychaliska, George B.

المصدر: ASAIO Journal ; volume 66, issue 7, page 796-802 ; ISSN 1058-2916

الوصف: The modalities of vascular access for the extracorporeal artificial placenta (AP) have undergone many iterations over the past decade. We hypothesized that single lumen cannulation (SLC) of the jugular vein using tidal flow extracorporeal life (ECLS) support is a feasible alternative to venovenous (VV) umbilical–jugular cannulation and double lumen cannulation (DLC) and can maintain fetal circulation, stable hemodynamics, and adequate gas exchange for 24 hours. After in vitro evaluation of the tidal flow system, six preterm lambs at estimated gestational age 118–124 days (term 145 days) were delivered and underwent VV-ECLS. Three were supported using DLC and three with SLC utilizing tidal flow AP support. Hemodynamics, circuit flow, and gas exchange were monitored. Target fetal parameters were as follows: mean arterial pressure 40–60 mmHg, heart rate 140–240 beats per minute (bpm), SatO 2 % 60–80%, PaO 2 25–50 mmHg, PaCO 2 30–55 mmHg, oxygen delivery >5 ml O 2 /dl/kg/min, and circuit flow 100 ± 25 ml/kg/min. All animals survived 24 hours and maintained fetal circulation with stable hemodynamics and adequate gas exchange. Parameters of the tidal flow group were comparable with those of DLC. Single lumen jugular cannulation using tidal flow is a promising vascular access strategy for AP support. Successful miniaturization holds great potential for clinical translation to support extremely premature infants.

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1097/mat.0000000000001077Test

المؤلفون: Doverspike, Joshua C., Mack, Shale J., Luo, Amy, Stringer, Blake, Reno, Shelby, Cornell, Marie S., Rojas-Pena, Alvaro, Wu, Jianfeng, Xi, Chuanwu, Yevzlin, Alexander, Meyerhoff, Mark E.

المساهمون: National Institutes of Health

المصدر: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces ; volume 12, issue 40, page 44475-44484 ; ISSN 1944-8244 1944-8252

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.0c13230Test

المؤلفون: Trahanas, John M., Alghanem, Fares, Ceballos-Muriel, Catalina, Hoffman, Hayley R., Xu, Alice, Deatrick, Kristopher B., Cornell, Marie S., Rojas-Pena, Alvaro, Bartlett, Robert H., Hirschl, Ronald B.

المصدر: ASAIO Journal ; volume 63, issue 2, page 216-222 ; ISSN 1058-2916

الوصف: A pediatric artificial lung (PAL) is under development as a bridge to transplantation or lung remodeling for children with end-stage lung failure (ESLF). To evaluate the efficiency of a PAL, a disease model mimicking the physiologic derangements of pediatric ESLF is needed. Our previous right pulmonary artery (rPA) ligation model (rPA-LM) achieved that goal, but caused immediate mortality in nearly half of the animals. In this study, we evaluated a new technique of gradual postoperative right pulmonary artery occlusion using a Rummel tourniquet (rPA-RT) in seven (25–40 kg) sheep. This technique created a stable model of ESLF pathophysiology, characterized by high alveolar dead space (58.0% ± 3.8%), pulmonary hypertension (38.4 ± 2.2 mm Hg), tachypnea (79 ± 20 breaths per minute), and intermittent supplemental oxygen requirement. This improvement to our technique provides the necessary physiologic derangements for testing a PAL, whereas avoiding the problem of high immediate perioperative mortality.

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1097/mat.0000000000000463Test
https://journals.lww.com/00002480-201703000-00018Test

المؤلفون: Daniels, Matthew P., Pate-Cornell, Marie-Elisabeth

المساهمون: Ames Research Center

المصدر: IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management ; volume 64, issue 3, page 301-315 ; ISSN 0018-9391 1558-0040

مصطلحات موضوعية: Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Strategy and Management

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2017.2665558Test
http://xplorestaging.ieee.org/ielx7/17/7982812/07873278.pdf?arnumber=7873278Test

المؤلفون: Kading, Jacqueline C., Langley, Mark W., Lautner, Gergely, Jeakle, Mark M.P., Toomasian, John M., Fegan, Taylor L., Pfannes, Rachel A., Toor, Samantha C., Reiber, Mary A., Kordell, Peter R., Cornell, Marie S., Bartlett, Robert H., Rojas-Pena, Alvaro, Mychaliska, George B.

المصدر: ASAIO Journal; Jul2020, Vol. 66 Issue 7, p796-802, 7p

المؤلفون: Witer, Lucas J., Howard, Ryan A., Trahanas, John M., Bryner, Benjamin S., Alghanem, Fares, Hoffman, Hayley R., Cornell, Marie S., Bartlett, Robert H., Rojas-Peña, Alvaro

المصدر: ASAIO Journal ; volume 62, issue 1, page 110-113 ; ISSN 1058-2916

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1097/mat.0000000000000291Test

المؤلفون: Demos, David S, Iyengar, Amit, Bryner, Benjamin S, Gray, Brian W, Hoffman, Hayley R, Cornell, Marie S, Wilkinson, John E, Mazur, Daniel E, Bartlett, Robert H, Punch, Jeffrey D, Rojas-Peña, Alvaro

المصدر: Surgery Articles

مصطلحات موضوعية: Animals, Disease Models, Animal, Kidney, Kidney Function Tests, Kidney Transplantation, Sus scrofa, Time Factors, Tissue Donors, Warm Ischemia

الوصف: Donation from uncontrolled circulatory determination of death donors (uDCD) is impractical in United States because of the time needed to organize procurement before irreversible organ damage. Salvaging organs after prolonged warm ischemic time (WIT) may address this limitation. We evaluated the combination of extracorporeal support (ECS) and thrombolytics in a porcine uDCD renal transplant model. Nonanticoagulated uDCD sustained 60 min of WIT, and two groups were studied. Rapid recovery (RR)-uDCD renal grafts procured using the standard quick topical cooling and renal flush, and ECS-assisted donation (E-uDCD), 4 hr ECS plus thrombolytics for in situ perfusion before procurement. All kidneys were flushed and cold stored, followed by transplantation into healthy nephrectomized recipients without immunosuppression. Delayed graft function (DGF) was defined as creatinine more than 5.0 mg/dl on any postoperative day. Twelve kidneys in E-uDCD and 6 in RR-uDCD group were transplanted. All 12 E-uDCD recipients had urine production and adequate function in the first 48 hr, but two grafts (16.7%) had DGF at 96 hr. All six recipients from RR-uDCD group had DGF at 48 hr and were killed. Creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were significantly lower in E-uDCD compared with RR-uDCD group at 24 hr (2.9 ± 0.7 mg/dl vs. 5.2 ± 0.9 mg/dl) and 48 hr (3.2 ± 0.9 mg/dl vs. 7.2 ± 1.0 mg/dl); BUN levels at 24 and 48 hr were 28.3 ± 6.7 mg/dl vs. 39.5 ± 7.5 mg/dl and 23.9 ± 5.0 mg/dl vs. 46 ± 12.9 mg/dl, respectively. Thrombolytics plus ECS precondition organs in situ yielding functional kidneys in a porcine model of uDCD with 60 min of WIT. This procurement method addresses logistical limitations for uDCD use in the United States and could have a major impact on the organ donor pool.

العلاقة: https://scholarlycommons.henryford.com/surgery_articles/278Test; http://sfxhosted.exlibrisgroup.com/hfhs?sid=Entrez:PubMed&id=pmid:25851315Test

الإتاحة: https://scholarlycommons.henryford.com/surgery_articles/278Test
http://sfxhosted.exlibrisgroup.com/hfhs?sid=Entrez:PubMed&id=pmid:25851315Test

المؤلفون: Alghanem, Fares, Davis, Ryan P., Bryner, Benjamin S., Hoffman, Hayley R., Trahanas, John, Cornell, Marie S., Rojas-Peña, Alvaro, Bartlett, Robert H., Hirschl, Ronald B.

المصدر: ASAIO Journal ; volume 61, issue 4, page 453-458 ; ISSN 1058-2916

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1097/mat.0000000000000230Test