المؤلفون: Lee KJ, Ryu JK, Cho YH, Shin WY, Kim JS, Yoon YW, Jang JY, Kim WH, Beom JW, Kang SM

المصدر: Drug Design, Development and Therapy, Vol Volume 17, Pp 1047-1062 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: hypertension, hyperlipidemia, rosuvastatin, valsartan, effectiveness, safety, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950

الوصف: Kwang Je Lee,1 Jae-Kean Ryu,2 Yun-Hyeong Cho,3 Won Yong Shin,4 Jeong Su Kim,5 Young Won Yoon,6 Ji Yong Jang,7 Won Ho Kim,8 Jong Wook Beom,9 Seok-Min Kang10 On behalf of LG-VROS001 STUDY INVESTIGATOR GROUP1Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; 2Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea; 3Cardiovascular Center, Myongji Hospital, Goyang, Korea; 4Department of Cardiology, Soon Chun Hyang University Hospital Cheonan, Cheonan, Korea; 5Cardiovascular Center, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea; 6Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; 7Department of Cardiology, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Ilsan, Korea; 8Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea; 9Department of Cardiology, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea; 10Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaCorrespondence: Seok-Min Kang, Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Tel +82 2-2647-3225, Email SMKANG@yuhs.acPurpose: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of a fixed-dose combination of rosuvastatin and valsartan (Rovatitan®) in Korean patients with concomitant hypertension and hyperlipidemia.Patients and Methods: A total of 1008 eligible patients with concomitant hypertension and hyperlipidemia were enrolled and treated for 12 weeks. Both upward and downward drug dose titrations were allowed based on the investigator’s discretion. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the study drug, defined by the percentage of patients achieving the blood pressure (BP) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) treatment targets. Additionally, regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the factors associated with the effectiveness and safety of the study drug. Of the 1008 patients enrolled in the study, 911 were analyzed for clinical effectiveness.Results: At 12 weeks, 84.6% and 75.9% of patients treated with the study drug achieved their BP and LDL-C targets, respectively, and 64.8% of patients achieved both targets simultaneously. Furthermore, the percentage of patients who achieved their BP and LDL-C treatment targets demonstrated a trend across the respective risk groups; the higher the risk group, the lower the success of attaining the respective target. This trend was also observed regardless of the prior antihypertensive and/or lipid-lowering treatments. According to regression analysis, poor metabolic profiles, including a higher body mass index (BMI) and higher BP and LDL-C levels at baseline, were significantly associated with treatment failure for BP. Among the 1005 patients included in the safety analysis, 17 patients (1.7%) experienced serious adverse events; however, none were considered related to the study drug.Conclusion: The study drug used for the treatment of concomitant hypertension and hyperlipidemia in a real-world setting was effective and was well tolerated. Therefore, the study drug is suggested as a good alternative to increase patient convenience and compliance, particularly in those taking multiple medications.Keywords: hypertension, hyperlipidemia, rosuvastatin, valsartan, effectiveness, safety

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.dovepress.com/effectiveness-and-safety-of-a-fixed-dose-combination-of-valsartan-and--peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-DDDTTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1177-8881Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/2d327be6fab842ac944fa51a11d7af9dTest

المؤلفون: Juna CF, Cho YH, Joung H

المصدر: Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity, Vol Volume 13, Pp 2217-2226 (2020)

مصطلحات موضوعية: metabolic syndrome, elevation, ensanut-ecu, physical activity, Specialties of internal medicine, RC581-951

الوصف: Christian F Juna,1 Yoon Hee Cho,2 Hyojee Joung1,3 1Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 2Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA; 3Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaCorrespondence: Yoon Hee ChoDepartment of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USATel +1-406-243-4529Email yoonhee.cho@umontana.eduHyojee JoungGraduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, KoreaTel +82-2-880-2831Email hjjoung@snu.ac.krBackground: Elevation and health-related lifestyles have been associated with the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, such associations have not been investigated extensively in a global context. The present study aimed to determine the associations among elevation of residence, health-related lifestyles, and the risk of MetS in an Ecuadorian adult population.Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing secondary data from the 2012 Ecuador National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT-ECU). A total of 6024 adults (1964 men and 4060 women) 20 to 60 years old were included in the study. Elevation was obtained by georeferencing techniques and categorized into low (0– 2000 masl) and high (> 2001 masl). Dietary intake was measured using a 24-hour recall and health-related lifestyle via risk and physical activity standardized questionnaire. MetS was defined on the basis of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III and the Latin American Diabetes Association criteria. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to examine whether elevation of residence and health-related lifestyles can increase the risk of MetS.Results: Residing at low elevation increased prevalence of MetS in men (1.37; 95% CI, 1.05– 1.76) and elevated fasting glucose in both men (1.80; 95% CI, 1.32– 2.46) and women (1.55; 95% CI, 1.24– 1.93) after adjusting for confounders. Additionally, a lack of physical activity was identified as an important factor that raises the risk of increased waist circumference in both men (2.05; 95% CI, 1.22– 3.45) and women (1.38; 95% CI, 1.05– 1.83) living at low elevation.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that low elevation of residence and physical inactivity are associated with a higher prevalence of MetS in Ecuadorian adults.Keywords: metabolic syndrome, elevation, ENSANUT-ECU, physical activity

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.dovepress.com/low-elevation-and-physical-inactivity-are-associated-with-a-higher-pre-peer-reviewed-article-DMSOTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1178-7007Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/f34ba9fe95904689a9301da75a87b5b6Test

المؤلفون: Son SM, Park EJ, Cho YH, Lee SY, Choi JI, Lee YI, Kim YJ, Lee JG, Yi YH, Tak YJ, Hwang HR, Lee SH, Kwon RJ, Kim C

المصدر: Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity, Vol Volume 13, Pp 1465-1471 (2020)

مصطلحات موضوعية: sleep recovery, sleep deprivation, metabolic syndrome, insulin sensitivity, Specialties of internal medicine, RC581-951

الوصف: Soo Min Son,1 Eun-Ju Park,1 Young Hye Cho,1 Sang Yeoup Lee,1 Jung-In Choi,1 Young-In Lee,1 Yun Jin Kim,2 Jeong Gyu Lee,2 Yu Hyeon Yi,2 Young Jin Tak,2 Hye Rim Hwang,2 Seung-Hun Lee,2 Ryuk Jun Kwon,1 Choongrak Kim3 1Family Medicine Clinic and Research Institute of Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, South Korea; 2Department of Family Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 626-770, South Korea; 3Department of Statistics Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, South KoreaCorrespondence: Eun-Ju ParkMedical of Family Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612 Tel +82-55-360-2140Fax +82-55-360-2170Email everblue124@hanmail.netBackground: Many researchers have identified that adequate sleep duration is linked to the quality of life and metabolic diseases. Nowadays, it is hard to take enough sleep, so weekend catch-up sleep (CUS) may be an alternative option in modern society. To our knowledge, no previous studies reported the association between weekend CUS and metabolic syndrome, especially in the Korean population.Objective: We investigated the association between weekend CUS and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Korean adults (≥ 20 years old) with less than 6 hours of average weekday sleep.Patients and Methods: A total of 1,453 individuals were selected from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Weekend CUS was divided into four categories: ≤ 0 hour, 0– 1 hour, 1– 2 hours, and ≥ 2 hours. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were derived by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.Results: Participants with weekend CUS ≥ 1 hour had decreased risk of metabolic syndrome in univariate analysis (CUS 1– 2 hours: OR: 0.413, 95% CI: 0.301– 0.568; CUS ≥ 2 hours: OR: 0.382, 95% CI 0.296– 0.493). Weekend CUS 1– 2 hours reduced the risk of metabolic syndrome in multivariate logistic regression analysis (OR: 0.552, 95% CI: 0.369– 0.823). Based on the age group analysis, weekend CUS ≥ 1 hour reduced the metabolic syndrome among those aged 20– 39 and 40– 65 (20– 39: CUS 1– 2 hours OR: 0.248, 95% CI: 0.078– 0.783, CUS ≥ 2 hours OR: 0.374, 95% CI: 0.141– 0.991; 40– 65: CUS 1– 2 hours OR: 0.507, 95% CI 0.309– 0.832 CUS ≥ 2 hours OR: 0.638, 95% CI: 0.415– 0.981).Conclusion: Weekend CUS was associated with a low risk of metabolic syndrome among Korean adults with sleep restriction.Keywords: sleep recovery, sleep deprivation, metabolic syndrome, insulin sensitivity

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.dovepress.com/association-between-weekend-catch-up-sleep-and-metabolic-syndrome-with-peer-reviewed-article-DMSOTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1178-7007Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/707149dbfa51407682a04b8b47237037Test

المؤلفون: Choi HS, Cho YH, Lee SY, Park EJ, Kim YJ, Lee JG, Yi YH, Tak YJ, Hwang HR, Lee SH

المصدر: Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity, Vol Volume 12, Pp 1727-1733 (2019)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Anthropometric index, Arterial stiffness, Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity, Specialties of internal medicine, RC581-951

الوصف: Hee Seon Choi,1 Young Hye Cho,1 Sang Yeoup Lee,1 Eun Ju Park,1 Yun Jin Kim,2,3 Jeong Gyu Lee,2,3 Yu Hyeon Yi,2,3 Young Jin Tak,2,3 Hye Rim Hwang,2,3 Seung Hun Lee2,3 1Family Medicine Clinic and Research Institute of Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, South Korea; 2Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 626-780, South Korea; 3Department of Family Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 626-770, South KoreaCorrespondence: Young Hye ChoFamily Medicine Clinic, Obesity, Metabolism and Nutrition Center and Research Institute of Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 626-770, South KoreaTel +82 51 240 7707Fax +82 51 240 7843Email younghey82@naver.comBackground: Obesity is an important risk factor of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Atherosclerosis can be considered an important signal of CVD. Primary physicians can reduce the risk of CVD by preventing and treating obesity. Therefore, finding a tool to diagnose the association of obesity with arteriosclerosis is important. The association between obesity parameters and arterial stiffness remains controversial. To our knowledge, no previous studies reported the relationships between multiple new anthropometric parameters (a body shape index [ABSI], body round index [BRI], and visceral adiposity index [VAI]) and brachial-ankle wave velocity (ba-PWV) as an indicator of CVD risk, especially in the Korean population.Objective: To investigate the relationships between arterial stiffness (assessed using ba-PWV) and anthropometric parameters estimated on the basis of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), ABSI, BRI, and VAI, and to identify the indicators of obesity that best represents CVD risk.Methods: A total of 2,647 adults (1,474 men and 1,173 women) were recruited for this cross-sectional study. The correlations between the anthropometric indexes (BMI, WC, ABSI, BRI, and VAI) and mean ba-PWV were analyzed. A multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between each anthropometric and the presence of arterial stiffness.Results: We investigated the relationships between the obesity parameters and ba-PWV by adjusting the covariates (age, diabetes mellitus [DM], hypertension [HTN], and smoking status) related to the mean ba-PWV. In the multivariate regression analysis, ABSI (men: β =0.066, p

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.dovepress.com/association-between-new-anthropometric-parameters-and-arterial-stiffne-peer-reviewed-article-DMSOTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1178-7007Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/e22691cc9bac4f05bb425dee02a86488Test

المؤلفون: Yi YH, Cho YH, Kim YJ, Lee SY, Lee JG, Kong EH, Cho BM, Tak YJ, Hwang HR, Lee SH, Park EJ

المصدر: Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity, Vol Volume 12, Pp 131-137 (2019)

مصطلحات موضوعية: intraocular pressure, glaucoma, metabolic syndrome, obesity, hypertension, Specialties of internal medicine, RC581-951

الوصف: Yu Hyeon Yi,1,2 Young Hye Cho,3 Yun Jin Kim,1,2 Sang Yeoup Lee,3 Jeong Gyu Lee,1,2 Eun Hee Kong,4 Byung Mann Cho,5 Young Jin Tak,1,2 Hye Rim Hwang,1,2 Seung Hun Lee,1,2 Eun Ju Park3 1Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 626-780, Korea; 2Department of Family Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 626-770, Korea; 3Department of Family Medicine, Research Institute of Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 626–780, Korea; 4Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan, Korea; 5Department of Preventive Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 626-780, Korea Background: High intraocular pressure (IOP) is well established as the most significant risk factor for both the development and progression of primary open-angle glaucoma. Elevated IOP is more frequently seen in the presence of metabolic disturbances that are associated with the components of metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of this study was to investigate the association between ocular hypertension and MetS.Patients and methods: We examined the relationship between ocular hypertension and MetS in 17,160 Korean adults without glaucoma aged >19 years (7,368 men and 9,792 women) who participated in the 2008–2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between MetS and ocular hypertension, after adjusting for age, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, and regular exercise.Results: The prevalence of MetS was 35.1% among males and 30.1% among females. The prevalence of ocular hypertension was 1.3% among males with MetS and 0.7% among females with MetS. Participants with MetS had a significantly higher IOP than those without MetS (P≤0.001), and each component of MetS had a different effect on the IOP. Hypertension was the strongest predictor of an elevated IOP. In multivariate regression analysis, ocular hypertension was significantly associated with MetS (P=0.027 for men; P=0.015 for women).Conclusion: There is a statistically significant relationship between MetS and ocular hypertension. Keywords: intraocular pressure, glaucoma, metabolic syndrome, obesity, hypertension

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.dovepress.com/metabolic-syndrome-as-a-risk-factor-for-high-intraocular-pressure-the--peer-reviewed-article-DMSOTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1178-7007Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/cfca5719ab8f42fda3323b9eb16eea77Test

المؤلفون: Oh MJ, Cho YH, Cha SY, Lee EO, Kim JW, Kim SK, Park CS

المصدر: Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology, Vol Volume 10, Pp 363-371 (2017)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Fatty acid / Chain length / Phytoceramide / Skin barrier / Natural oil, Dermatology, RL1-803

الوصف: Myoung Jin Oh,1 Young Hoon Cho,1 So Yoon Cha,1 Eun Ok Lee,2 Jin Wook Kim,2 Sun Ki Kim,2 Chang Seo Park1 1Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Chung-gu, Seoul, 2LCS Biotech, Gwonseon-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea Abstract: Ceramides in the human stratum corneum (SC) are a mixture of diverse N-acylated fatty acids (FAs) with different chain lengths. C24 is the major class of FAs of ceramides. However, there are also other classes of ceramides with diverse chain lengths of FAs, and these lengths generally range from C16 to C26. This study aimed to prepare several types of phytoceramide containing diverse chain lengths of N-acylated FAs and compare them with C18-ceramide N-stearoyl phytosphingosine (NP) in terms of their effects on the physiological properties of the SC. We chose natural oils, such as horse fat oil, shea butter, sunflower oil, and a mixture of macadamia nut, shea butter, moringa, and meadowfoam seed oil, as sources of FAs and phytosphingosine as a sphingoid backbone to synthesize diverse phytoceramides. Each phytoceramide exhibited a distinctive formation of the lamellar structure, and their FA profiles were similar to those of their respective natural oil. The skin barrier properties, as analyzed in human skin, clearly demonstrated that all the phytoceramides improved the recovery rate of the damaged SC and enhanced hydration better than C18-ceramide NP did. In conclusion, natural oil-derived phytoceramides could represent a novel class of ceramides for cosmetic applications in the development of an ideal skin barrier moisturizer. Keywords: fatty acid, chain length, phytoceramide, skin barrier, natural oil

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.dovepress.com/novel-phytoceramides-containing-fatty-acids-of-diverse-chain-lengths-a-peer-reviewed-article-CCIDTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1178-7015Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/2a6ad9ee17924ca2b05f8d6bf7ce1606Test

المؤلفون: Baek MK, Lee JH, Cho YH, Kim HH, Lee GW

المصدر: International Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol 2013, Iss default, Pp 167-176 (2013)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Medicine (General), R5-920

الوصف: Myoung-Ki Baek,1,* Jong-Hwa Lee,2,* Young-Ho Cho,3 Hak-Hyung Kim,4 Gye-Won Lee3 1Life Science R&D Park, SK Biopharmaceuticals Co, LTD, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; 2Toxicology Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; 3Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Konyang University, Nonsan, Republic of Korea; 4R&D Center, Pharvis Korea Pharm, Ansan, Republic of Korea *These authors contributed equally to this workAbstract: The purpose of the present investigation was to develop and evaluate a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) for improving the oral absorption of a pranlukast hemihydrate (PLH), a very poorly water-soluble drug. An efficient self-microemulsifying vehicle for PLH was selected and optimized using solubility testing and phase diagram construction. The formulations were characterized by assessing self-emulsification performance, droplet size analysis, in vitro drug release characteristics and formulation stability studies. Optimized formulations for in vitro dissolution and bioavailability assessment were Triethylcitrate (TEC; 10%), Tween 20 (50%), Span 20 (25%), triethanolamine (5%), and benzyl alcohol (10%). The SMEDDS readily released the lipid phase to form a fine oil-in-water microemulsion with a narrow distribution size. Saturated solubilities of PLH from SMEDDS in water, pH 4.0 and 6.8, were over 150 times greater than that of plain PLH. The release of 100% PLH from SMEDDS was considerably greater compared to only 1.12% in simulated intestinal fluid (pH 6.8) from plain PLH after 2 hours. The PLH suspension with 0.5% sodium carboxymethylcellulose or 3% PLH-loaded SMEDDS was administrated at a dose of 40 mg/kg as PLH to fasted rats. The absorption of PLH from SMEDDS resulted in about a threefold increase in bioavailability compared with plain PLH aqueous suspension. Our studies illustrated that the potential use of the new SMEDDS can be used as a possible alternative to oral delivery of a poorly water-soluble drug such as PLH.Keywords: pranlukast hemihydrates, PLH, SMEDDS, bioavailability, solubility

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://www.dovepress.com/self-microemulsifying-drug-delivery-system-for-improved-oral-bioavail-a11879Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1176-9114Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/0c389c5119554a35a9d426d47e07e673Test

المؤلفون: Kim, HW, Bukas, VJ, Park, H, Park, S, Diederichsen, KM, Lim, J, Cho, YH, Kim, J, Kim, W, Han, TH, Voss, J, Luntz, AC, McCloskey, BD

المصدر: ACS Catalysis. 10(1)

مصطلحات موضوعية: electrocatalysis, oxygen reduction reaction, mechanism, selectivity, pH, kinetic isotope, nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide, Inorganic Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Chemical Engineering

الوصف: Doped carbon-based systems have been extensively studied over the past decade as active electrocatalysts for both the two-electron (2e-) and four-electron (4e-) oxygen reduction reactions (ORRs). However, the mechanisms for ORR are generally poorly understood. Here, we report an extensive experimental and first-principles theoretical study of the ORR at nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (NrGO). We synthesize three distinct NrGO catalysts and investigate their chemical and structural properties in detail via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, infrared and Raman spectroscopies, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and thin-film electrical conductivity. ORR experiments include the pH dependences of 2e- versus 4e- ORR selectivity, ORR onset potentials, Tafel slopes, and H/D kinetic isotope effects. These experiments show very different ORR behavior for the three catalysts, in terms of both selectivity and the underlying mechanism, which proceeds either via coupled proton-electron transfers (CPETs) or non-CPETs. Reasonable structural models developed from density functional theory rationalize this behavior. The key determinant between CPET vs non-CPET mechanisms is the electron density at the Fermi level under operating ORR conditions. Regardless of the reaction mechanism or electrolyte pH, however, we identify the ORR active sites as sp2 carbons that are located next to oxide regions. This assignment highlights the importance of oxygen functional groups, while details of (modest) N-doping may still affect the overall catalytic activity, and likely also the selectivity, by modifying the general chemical environment around the active site.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2xc8f8gkTest

المؤلفون: Kim, HW, Park, H, Roh, JS, Shin, JE, Lee, TH, Zhang, L, Cho, YH, Yoon, HW, Bukas, VJ, Guo, J, Park, HB, Han, TH, McCloskey, BD

المصدر: Chemistry of Materials. 31(11)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Chemical Sciences, Engineering, Materials

الوصف: Numerous modified-carbon catalysts have been developed for the direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide through electrochemical oxygen reduction. However, given the complex structure of most porous carbons and the poor oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) selectivity typically observed when they are used as catalysts, it is still unclear which carbon defects are responsible for the high two-electron ORR activity typically observed in these materials. Here, we study electrocatalytic peroxide formation activity of nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO) materials to relate carbon defects to electrocatalytic activity. To do so, we selected two N-rGO electrodes that selectively produce peroxide at all potentials studied (0.70-0.10 V vs RHE) under alkaline conditions. Oxygen reduction studies, combined with material characterization, especially solid-state 13carbon nuclear magnetic resonance coupled with magic angle spinning and cross-polarization, demonstrate that epoxy or ether groups in the N-rGO catalyst are likely associated with the active sites that form peroxide at the lowest overpotential in alkaline media.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2s26g9jdTest

المؤلفون: Schweitzer, N, Son, SJ, Aizenstein, H, Yang, S, Iordanova, B, Hong, CH, Rho, HW, Cho, YH, Park, B, Kim, NR, Choi, JW, Cheong, JY, Seo, SW, An, YS, Moon, SY, Han, SJ, Wu, M

المساهمون: 108464, 106355, 108103, 111179, 111774, 108454, 104614, 104553, 106357, 106949, Son, SJ, Hong, CH, Rho, HW, Cho, YH, Park, B, Choi, JW, Cheong, JY, An, YS, Moon, SY, Han, SJ

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biomarkers, Diabetes Mellitus, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, White Matter

الوصف: White matter hyperintensity (WMH) lesions on brain MRI images are surrogate markers of cerebral small vessel disease. Longitudinal studies examining the association between diabetes and WMH progression have yielded mixed results. Thus, in this study, we investigated the association between HbA1c, a biomarker for the presence and severity of hyperglycemia, and longitudinal WMH change after adjusting for known risk factors for WMH progression. We recruited 64 participants from South Korean memory clinics to undergo brain MRI at the baseline and a 2-year follow-up. We found the following. First, higher HbA1c was associated with greater global WMH volume (WMHV) changes after adjusting for known risk factors (b = 7.7 × 1024; P = 0.025). Second, the association between baseline WMHV and WMHV progression was only significant at diabetic levels of HbA1c (P < 0.05, when HbA1c >6.51%), and non–apolipoprotein E (APOE) e4 car-riers had a stronger association between HbA1c and WMHV progression (b = 22.59 × 1023; P = 0.004). Third, as-sociations of WMHV progression with HbA1c were particu-larly apparent for deep WMHV change (b = 7.17 × 1024; P < 0.01) compared with periventricular WMHV change and, for frontal (b = 5.00 × 1024; P < 0.001) and parietal (b = 1.53 × 1024; P < 0.05) lobes, WMHV change compared with occipital and temporal WMHV change. In conclusion, higher HbA1c levels were associated with greater 2-year WMHV progression, especially in non–APOE e4 participants or those with diabetic levels of HbA1c. These findings demonstrate that diabetes may potentially exacerbate ce-rebrovascular and white matter disease.

العلاقة: J000121797; http://repository.ajou.ac.kr/handle/201003/32447Test; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10958578Test; Diabetes, 73(4). : 604-610, 2024

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.2337/db23-0303Test
http://repository.ajou.ac.kr/handle/201003/32447Test
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10958578Test