المؤلفون: Cristina Costescu, Adrian Roșan, Carmen David, Lia Cozma, Andrada Calota

المصدر: European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education, Vol 13, Iss 12, Pp 2811-2826 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: executive functioning, emotion regulation, affective problems, autism spectrum disorders, meta-analysis, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, Psychology, BF1-990

الوصف: Background: Up to 80% of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have mental health issues—either emotional or behavioral problems. The underlying mechanisms are still unknown, even if emotional regulation (ER) is considered to play a major role in child and adolescent psychopathology. Several studies link the ability to regulate the intensity and quality of emotions with executive functioning. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between executive functions (EFs) and ER and affective problems in children with ASD. Methods: This meta-analysis is based on a literature search of peer-reviewed journals from the following databases: Scopus, ProQuest, Ebsco, Science Direct, Springer Link and Clarivate. We analyzed 15 studies that investigated the link between EF, ER or affective problems (APs) in children and adolescents with ASD aged between 2 and 18 y with ASD. To assess the effect size of the relationship between EF and ER, and EF and AP, 15 studies comprising 54 effect sizes were analyzed. Results: Our findings revealed a small effect size regarding the association between EF and ER, r = 0.331, p = 0.034, and a small effect size regarding the association between EF and AP, r = −0.213, p = 0.024. No significant moderators were found. The results are presented in regard to the two analyses developed, as well as a short review of the studies included in the meta-analysis. Conclusion: Even if there are several limitations of this study, especially considering the small number of studies included, the results suggest that it is worth considering EF as an underlying mechanism for the appearance of emotional or behavioral problems in children with ASD. These findings have important implications for the development of ASD intervention plans, as well as for increasing awareness among specialists about the importance of executive functions in school adjustment and social functioning.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.mdpi.com/2254-9625/13/12/194Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2174-8144Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2254-9625Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/b91ea939a7924fb68f6132a5aa31c132Test

المؤلفون: Carmen David, Cristina Costescu, Alina Frandeș, Adrian Roșan

المصدر: Children, Vol 11, Iss 3, p 288 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: reading comprehension, emotion regulation, off-task thoughts, Pediatrics, RJ1-570

الوصف: (1) Background: Children with reading difficulties may experience negative emotions and social isolation. The cognitive emotion regulation strategies that they use in different reading tasks can make them more vulnerable in the stressful situations. Using adaptative emotion regulation strategies may help them overcome stressful reading situations. (2) Methods: Children identified with poor reading comprehension skills were compared to children without reading comprehension difficulties on measures of self-evaluation and thought in relation to task, and on cognitive coping strategies relevant to performance. The effect of some relevant demographic factors was also investigated, such as gender and urban/rural setting. (3) Results: Our results indicate that children that have poor reading comprehension skills present higher scores on negative self- evaluation and off-task thoughts that are in relation to performance anxiety. Also, in what concerns cognitive coping strategies, students with difficulties in reading comprehension display a greater use of blaming others strategy, which is in relation to the negative self-evaluations. Also, they displayed less use of putting into perspective. No effect of gender and setting emerged for off and on task thoughts and cognitive coping strategies, except for lower scores of students from rural setting in positive self-evaluation. (4) Conclusions: students presenting difficulties in reading comprehension tend to use more negative self-statements and disengagement through off-task thoughts and employ coping strategies directed to protect self-worth.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/11/3/288Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2227-9067Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/7a1ee03496ce4d6685a0b372302c0eddTest

المؤلفون: Cristina Costescu, Delia Pitariu, Carmen David, Adrian Rosan

المصدر: Journal of Experimental Psychopathology, Vol 13 (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Psychiatry, RC435-571, Psychology, BF1-990

الوصف: social communication represents one of the main areas of impairment in the case of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (APA, 2013). Several studies have investigated predictors in this domain; however, the results are mostly inconsistent or lack clarity. The purpose of this theoretical review is to analyze studies that address vocabulary, prosody, and cognitive flexibility in relation to deficits in pragmatic language, in the case of individuals with ASD. This synthesis was conducted on 18 studies, based on a systematic search of ScienceDirect and NCBI (PubMed and PubMed Central) databases. A number of 1523 participants were included in the analyzed studies. Results indicate that prosody has a major impact on social communication. However, difficulties in processing prosody do not account as the only predictors in the general abilities of language and communication. Regarding the executive functioning, future research is needed to fully understand the relationship between social communication and cognitive flexibility.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2043-8087Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/c427b703afd243b496e5d75ffd375998Test

المؤلفون: Giulia Castellani, Fokje L. Schaafsma, Stefanie Arndt, Benjamin A. Lange, Ilka Peeken, Julia Ehrlich, Carmen David, Robert Ricker, Thomas Krumpen, Stefan Hendricks, Sandra Schwegmann, Philippe Massicotte, Hauke Flores

المصدر: Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 7 (2020)

مصطلحات موضوعية: sea ice, Arctic, Antarctic, under-ice light, spatial variability, ice algae, Science, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5

الوصف: In this study, we present unique data collected with a Surface and Under-Ice Trawl (SUIT) during five campaigns between 2012 and 2017, covering the spring to summer and autumn transition in the Arctic Ocean, and the seasons of winter and summer in the Southern Ocean. The SUIT was equipped with a sensor array from which we retrieved: sea-ice thickness, the light field at the underside of sea ice, chlorophyll a concentration in the ice (in-ice chl a), and the salinity, temperature, and chl a concentration of the under-ice water. With an average trawl distance of about 2 km, and a global transect length of more than 117 km in both polar regions, the present work represents the first multi-seasonal habitat characterization based on kilometer-scale profiles. The present data highlight regional and seasonal patterns in sea-ice properties in the Polar Ocean. Light transmittance through Arctic sea ice reached almost 100% in summer, when the ice was thinner and melt ponds spread over the ice surface. However, the daily integrated amount of light under sea ice was maximum in spring. Compared to the Arctic, Antarctic sea-ice was thinner, snow depth was thicker, and sea-ice properties were more uniform between seasons. Light transmittance was low in winter with maximum transmittance of 73%. Despite thicker snow depth, the overall under-ice light was considerably higher during Antarctic summer than during Arctic summer. Spatial autocorrelation analysis shows that Arctic sea ice was characterized by larger floes compared to the Antarctic. In both Polar regions, the patch size of the transmittance followed the spatial variability of sea-ice thickness. In-ice chl a in the Arctic Ocean remained below 0.39 mg chl a m−2, whereas it exceeded 7 mg chl a m−2 during Antarctic winter, when water chl a concentrations remained below 1.5 mg chl a m−2, thus highlighting its potential as an important carbon source for overwintering organisms. The data analyzed in this study can improve large-scale physical and ecosystem models, habitat mapping studies and time series analyzed in the context of climate change effects and marine management.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2020.00536/fullTest; https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/3e4bcf667ece4340a7466c762b2bed20Test

المؤلفون: Doreen Kohlbach, Benjamin A. Lange, Fokje L. Schaafsma, Carmen David, Martina Vortkamp, Martin Graeve, Jan A. van Franeker, Thomas Krumpen, Hauke Flores

المصدر: Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 4 (2017)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba, fisheries resources, carbon sources, ice algae, marker fatty acids, Science, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5

الوصف: Antarctic krill Euphausia superba (“krill”) constitute a fundamental food source for Antarctic seabirds and mammals, and a globally important fisheries resource. The future resilience of krill to climate change depends critically on the winter survival of young krill. To survive periods of extremely low production by pelagic algae during winter, krill are assumed to rely partly on carbon produced by ice algae. The true dependency on ice algae-produced carbon, however, is so far unquantified. This confounds predictions on the future resilience of krill stocks to sea ice decline. Fatty acid (FA) analysis, bulk stable isotope analysis (BSIA), and compound-specific stable isotope analysis (CSIA) of diatom- and dinoflagellate-associated marker FAs were applied to quantify the dependency of overwintering larval, juvenile, and adult krill on ice algae-produced carbon (αIce) during winter 2013 in the Weddell-Scotia Confluence Zone. Our results demonstrate that the majority of the carbon uptake of the overwintering larval and juvenile krill originated from ice algae (up to 88% of the carbon budget), and that the dependency on ice algal carbon decreased with ontogeny, reaching

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2017.00310/fullTest; https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/239de89761d94f54ad0336ae64d1a3c1Test

المؤلفون: Monika Kędra, Charlotte Moritz, Emily S. Choy, Carmen David, Renate Degen, Steven Duerksen, Ingrid Ellingsen, Barbara Górska, Jacqueline M. Grebmeier, Dubrava Kirievskaya, Dick van Oevelen, Kasia Piwosz, Annette Samuelsen, Jan Marcin Węsławski

المصدر: Polar Research, Vol 34, Iss 0, Pp 1-23 (2015)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Arctic, food web, climate change, sea-ice retreat, trophic transfer, pelagic–benthic coupling, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Oceanography, GC1-1581

الوصف: Ongoing climate warming is causing a dramatic loss of sea ice in the Arctic Ocean, and it is projected that the Arctic Ocean will become seasonally ice-free by 2040. Many studies of local Arctic food webs now exist, and with this review paper we aim to synthesize these into a large-scale assessment of the current status of knowledge on the structure of various Arctic marine food webs and their response to climate change, and to sea-ice retreat in particular. Key drivers of ecosystem change and potential consequences for ecosystem functioning and Arctic marine food webs are identified along the sea-ice gradient, with special emphasis on the following regions: seasonally ice-free Barents and Chukchi seas, loose ice pack zone of the Polar Front and Marginal Ice Zone, and permanently sea-ice covered High Arctic. Finally, we identify knowledge gaps in different Arctic marine food webs and provide recommendations for future studies.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://www.polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/23775/pdf_5Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1751-8369Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/955c07a966ee498bb8452aa5ed1f9628Test

المؤلفون: CARMEN DAVID, ANCA MAIER

المصدر: Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai. Psychologia-Paedagogia, Vol 56, Iss 1, Pp 89-100 (2011)

مصطلحات موضوعية: math low achievers, domain-specific working memory, metacognition, training, prediction strategy, evaluation strategy, Education, Psychology, BF1-990

الوصف: ABSTRACT. In the current study we investigated the efficiency of two different types of training on the mathematical performance of students with low achievement in Mathematics. We chose to select a direct training of domain-specific working memory and a training of metacognitive skills as applied to Mathematics. It seems that domain-specific working memory deficits are encountered in children with Math learning difficulties. Moreover, it seems also reasonable to consider a program that is based on metacognition, as many mathematical activities are approached in a systematic and algorithmic manner. Both programs were efficient in enhancing operation fluency in simple and complex math problems. Results can be used in the direction of adding to the behavioral profile of children with Math learning disabilities, but also in designing efficient intervention programs for poor Mathematicians.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://studiapsypaed.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/1-2011-9.pdfTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1221-8111Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2065-9431Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/4acdbdc1308e4b21a6cc08cbbf0684c0Test

المؤلفون: Costescu, Cristina, Adrian, Rosan, Carmen, David

المصدر: European Journal of Special Needs Education; Jun2024, Vol. 39 Issue 3, p477-486, 10p

مصطلحات موضوعية: EMOTION regulation, AUTISM spectrum disorders, MENTAL health, EXECUTIVES, DIAGNOSIS

مستخلص: Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) present deficits in regulation of their emotions which have a great impact on their mental health and well-being. There are several studies showing the connection between executive functions deficits and emotion dysregulation in the context of an ASD diagnosis. Our study aims to investigate which among the executive functions can predict the emotional dysregulation in children with ASD, if there is an association between the ASD specific characteristics and their ability to regulate their emotions and to identify if there are possible mediators of this relationship. To reach our objective, we enrolled 60 children with ASD (mean age 8.5 years) whose parents completed standardised measurements for executive functions, emotional dysregulation, and ASD characteristics. We found a positive association between ASD characteristics' severity and emotional dysregulation, as well as some significant predictors among specific executive functions and emotional dysregulation. Moreover, executive functioning mediates the relationship between the ASD characteristics and emotion regulation. Our research provides a better understanding of the relationship between ASD characteristics, executive functions, and emotion regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Giulia Castellani, Fokje L. Schaafsma, Stefanie Arndt, Benjamin A. Lange, Ilka Peeken, Julia Ehrlich, Carmen David, Robert Ricker, Thomas Krumpen, Stefan Hendricks, Sandra Schwegmann, Philippe Massicotte, Hauke Flores

مصطلحات موضوعية: Oceanography, Marine Biology, Marine Geoscience, Biological Oceanography, Chemical Oceanography, Physical Oceanography, Marine Engineering, sea ice, Arctic, Antarctic, under-ice light, spatial variability, ice algae, ice thickness

الوصف: In this study, we present unique data collected with a Surface and Under-Ice Trawl (SUIT) during five campaigns between 2012 and 2017, covering the spring to summer and autumn transition in the Arctic Ocean, and the seasons of winter and summer in the Southern Ocean. The SUIT was equipped with a sensor array from which we retrieved: sea-ice thickness, the light field at the underside of sea ice, chlorophyll a concentration in the ice (in-ice chl a), and the salinity, temperature, and chl a concentration of the under-ice water. With an average trawl distance of about 2 km, and a global transect length of more than 117 km in both polar regions, the present work represents the first multi-seasonal habitat characterization based on kilometer-scale profiles. The present data highlight regional and seasonal patterns in sea-ice properties in the Polar Ocean. Light transmittance through Arctic sea ice reached almost 100% in summer, when the ice was thinner and melt ponds spread over the ice surface. However, the daily integrated amount of light under sea ice was maximum in spring. Compared to the Arctic, Antarctic sea-ice was thinner, snow depth was thicker, and sea-ice properties were more uniform between seasons. Light transmittance was low in winter with maximum transmittance of 73%. Despite thicker snow depth, the overall under-ice light was considerably higher during Antarctic summer than during Arctic summer. Spatial autocorrelation analysis shows that Arctic sea ice was characterized by larger floes compared to the Antarctic. In both Polar regions, the patch size of the transmittance followed the spatial variability of sea-ice thickness. In-ice chl a in the Arctic Ocean remained below 0.39 mg chl a m −2 , whereas it exceeded 7 mg chl a m −2 during Antarctic winter, when water chl a concentrations remained below 1.5 mg chl a m −2 , thus highlighting its potential as an important carbon source for overwintering organisms. The data analyzed in this study can improve large-scale physical and ecosystem models, habitat ...

العلاقة: https://figshare.com/articles/presentation/Presentation_1_Large-Scale_Variability_of_Physical_and_Biological_Sea-Ice_Properties_in_Polar_Oceans_pdf/12792926Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00536.s001Test
https://figshare.com/articles/presentation/Presentation_1_Large-Scale_Variability_of_Physical_and_Biological_Sea-Ice_Properties_in_Polar_Oceans_pdf/12792926Test

المؤلفون: Melissa Russo, Mattie Boehler-Tatman, Catherine Albright, Carmen David, L'Oreal Kennedy, Aaron W. Roberts, Sherene Shalhub, Rana Afifi, Melanie Case, Novelett E. Cotter, Carmen C. David, Mark Fasano, Richard Goldenberg, Jake Howitt, Timo T. Söderlund, Debra Trotter, Asaf Rabin, Melissa L. Russo, Laura Marie Drudi, Laura L. Marks, Maisoon D. Yousif, Tabea Hoffstaetter, Ella Taubenfeld, Sreekanth Vemulapalli, Chrisanne S. Campos, Lindsey Rusche, Robert C.F. Pena, Firas F. Mussa, Gretchen MacCarrick, Earl Goldsborough, Christeen Samuel, Lillian Xu, Nicolas J. Mouawad, Eanas S. Yassa, Xiaoyi Teng, Amani Politano, Jesse Teindl, Lara Bloom, Rebecca Gluck, Meredith Ford O'Neal, Josephine Grima, Eileen Masciale, Takeyoshi Ota, Katelyn Wright, Alan J. Hakim, Gareth Owens, George J. Arnaoutakis, Dejah Judelson, Mario D'Oria, Lurdes del Rio-Sola, Mark Ajalat, Marvin Chau, Stephanie D. Talutis, Karen Woo, Max V. Wohlauer, JeniannA. Yi, Kim A. Eagle, Marion A. Hofmann Bowman, Eva Kline-Rogers MS, Hyein Kim, Claudine Henoud, Scott Damrauer, Emilia Krol, Rana O. Afifi, Alana C. Cecchi, Madeline Drake, Anthony Estrera, Avery M Hebert, Dianna M. Milewicz, Siddharth K. Prakash, Harleen Sandhu, Akili Smith-Washington, Akiko Tanaka, Jacob Watson, Myra Ahmad, Catherine M. Albright, Christopher R. Burke, Peter H. Byers, Sarah O. Lawrence, Jenney R. Lee, Jonathan Medina, Thamanna Nishath, Julie Pham, Courtney Segal, Michael Soto, Linell Catalan, Megan Patterson, Nicole Ilonzo

المصدر: Seminars in Vascular Surgery. 35:60-68

مصطلحات موضوعية: Aortic Dissection, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Postpartum Period, Humans, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Female, Surgery, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

الوصف: Pregnancy-associated aortic dissection (AD) is a rare event, with an incidence of 0.0004% per pregnancy. The work of the Aortic Dissection Collaborative identified pregnancy-associated AD as a high-priority topic, despite its rarity. The Pregnancy Working Group, which included physicians and patient stakeholders, performed a systematic literature review of pregnancy-associated AD from 1960 to 2021 and identified 6,333 articles through PubMed, OVID MEDLINE, Cochrane, Embase, CINAHL and Web of Science. The inclusion criterion was AD in pregnant populations and exclusion criteria were case reports, conference abstracts, and languages other than English. Assessment of full-text articles for eligibility after removal of duplicates from all databases yielded 68 articles to be included in the final review. Topics included were timing of AD in pregnancy, type of AD, and management considerations of pregnancy-associated AD. The Pregnancy Working Group identified gaps in knowledge and future areas of research for pregnancy-associated AD, including clinical management, mental health outcomes post AD, reproductive and genetic counseling, and contraception after AD. Future collaborative projects could be a multicenter, international registry for all pregnancy-associated AD to refine the risk factors, best practice and management of AD in pregnancy. In addition, future mixed methodology studies may be useful to explore social, mental, and emotional factors related to pregnancy-associated AD and to determine support groups' effect on anxiety and depression related to these events in the pregnancy and postpartum period.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::70e3a5d8ff0a0d7f6db16fa03328aaaeTest
https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2022.02.010Test