المؤلفون: Garrod, Marjorie G, Rossow, Heidi A, Calvert, Christopher C, Miller, Joshua W, Green, Ralph, Buchholz, Bruce A, Allen, Lindsay H

المصدر: Nutrients. 11(9)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Animals, Chickens, Humans, Vitamin B 12, Biological Availability, Eggs, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Mass Spectrometry, Young Adult, accelerator mass spectrometry, bioavailability, cobalamin, eggs, endogenous label, human, vitamin B12, Food Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics

الوصف: Traditionally, the bioavailability of vitamin B-12 (B12) from in vivo labeled foods was determined by labeling the vitamin with radiocobalt (57Co, 58Co or 60Co). This required use of penetrating radioactivity and sometimes used higher doses of B12 than the physiological limit of B12 absorption. The aim of this study was to determine the bioavailability and absorbed B12 from chicken eggs endogenously labeled with 14C-B12 using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). 14C-B12 was injected intramuscularly into hens to produce eggs enriched in vivo with the 14C labeled vitamin. The eggs, which provided 1.4 to 2.6 μg of B12 (~1.1 kBq) per serving, were scrambled, cooked and fed to 10 human volunteers. Baseline and post-ingestion blood, urine and stool samples were collected over a one-week period and assessed for 14C-B12 content using AMS. Bioavailability ranged from 13.2 to 57.7% (mean 30.2 ± 16.4%). Difference among subjects was explained by dose of B12, with percent bioavailability from 2.6 μg only half that from 1.4 μg. The total amount of B12 absorbed was limited to 0.5-0.8 μg (mean 0.55 ± 0.19 μg B12) and was relatively unaffected by the amount consumed. The use of 14C-B12 offers the only currently available method for quantifying B12 absorption in humans, including food cobalamin absorption. An egg is confirmed as a good source of B12, supplying approximately 20% of the average adult daily requirement (RDA for adults = 2.4 μg/day).

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8nc5w54zTest

المؤلفون: Quifer‐Rada, Paola, Choy, Ying Yng, Calvert, Christopher C, Waterhouse, Andrew L, Lamuela‐Raventos, Rosa M

المصدر: Molecular Nutrition & Food Research. 60(10)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Nutrition, Complementary and Integrative Health, Animals, Anticholesteremic Agents, Feces, Female, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Grape Seed Extract, Metabolomics, Multivariate Analysis, Proanthocyanidins, Quality Control, Sterols, Swine, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Biliary acids, Cholesterol, Grape seed extract, Hypocholesterolemic effect, Polyphenols, Food Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, Public Health and Health Services, Food Science, Nutrition & Dietetics, Food sciences, Nutrition and dietetics

الوصف: ScopeThis work aims to evaluate changes in the fecal metabolomic profile due to grape seed extract (GSE) intake by untargeted and targeted analysis using high resolution mass spectrometry in conjunction with multivariate statistics.Methods and resultsAn intervention study with six crossbred female pigs was performed. The pigs followed a standard diet for 3 days, then they were fed with a supplemented diet containing 1% (w/w) of MegaNatural® Gold grape seed extract for 6 days. Fresh pig fecal samples were collected daily. A combination of untargeted high resolution mass spectrometry, multivariate analysis (PLS-DA), data-dependent MS/MS scan, and accurate mass database matching was used to measure the effect of the treatment on fecal composition. The resultant PLS-DA models showed a good discrimination among classes with great robustness and predictability. A total of 14 metabolites related to the GSE consumption were identified including biliary acid, dicarboxylic fatty acid, cholesterol metabolites, purine metabolites, and eicosanoid metabolites among others. Moreover, targeted metabolomics using GC-MS showed that cholesterol and its metabolites fecal excretion was increased due to the proanthocyanidins from grape seed extract.ConclusionThe results show that oligomeric procyanidins from GSE modifies bile acid and steroid excretion, which could exert a hypocholesterolemic effect.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7vf185hwTest

المؤلفون: Choy, Ying Yng, Quifer-Rada, Paola, Holstege, Dirk M, Frese, Steven A, Calvert, Christopher C, Mills, David A, Lamuela-Raventos, Rosa M, Waterhouse, Andrew L

المصدر: Food & Function. 5(9)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences, Food Sciences, Complementary and Integrative Health, Digestive Diseases, Nutrition, Animal Feed, Animals, Bacteria, Colon, Eating, Feces, Female, Grape Seed Extract, Microbiota, Phenols, Proanthocyanidins, Swine, Vitis, Food sciences, Nutrition and dietetics

الوصف: Proanthocyanidin (PAC) consumption has been linked to better colonic health, but PACs are poorly absorbed, making them a target for colonic metabolism. The resulting metabolites are low molecular weight and could potentially be absorbed. To understand the effects of dietary PACs it would be important to resolve the metabolic issue and link these changes to microbial population changes in a suitable model for human digestion. Here, six crossbred female pigs were fed a diet containing 1% (w/w) of MegaNatural® Gold grape seed extract (GSE) daily for 6 days. Fecal samples were analyzed by normal phase LC coupled to fluorescence detection and LC-MS/ToF. DNA was extracted from pig fecal samples and the V3/V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced using an Illumina MiSeq. Intact parent PACs (dimer-pentamer) were observed in the feces on days 3 and 6 at similar high levels (∼400 mg kg(-1) total) during ingestion of GSE but were absent 48 h post-feeding. The major phenolic metabolites were 4-hydroxyphenylvaleric acid and 3-hydroxybenzoic acid which increased by ∼30 and 3 mg kg(-1) respectively. The GSE diet also caused an ecological shift in the microbiome, dramatically increasing Lachnospiraceae, Clostridales, Lactobacillus and Ruminococcacceae. The relationship between dietary PACs and colon health may be attributable to the altered bacterial populations or phenolic compounds in the colon.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3bw202stTest

المؤلفون: Quifer Rada, Paola, Choy, Ying yng, Calvert, Christopher C., Waterhouse, Andrew L., Lamuela Raventós, Rosa Ma.

المصدر: Articles publicats en revistes (Nutrició, Ciències de l'Alimentació i Gastronomia)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Metabolisme, Botànica, Llavors, Raïms, Experimentació animal, Antioxidants, Colesterol, Espectroscòpia, Metabolism, Botany, Seeds, Grapes, Animal experimentation, Cholesterol, Spectrum analysis

الوصف: Scope:This work aims to evaluate changes in the fecal metabolomic profile due to grapeseed extract (GSE) intake by untargeted and targeted analysis using high resolution massspectrometry in conjunction with multivariate statistics.Methods and results:An intervention study with six crossbred female pigs was performed. Thepigs followed a standard diet for 3 days, then they were fed with a supplemented diet containing1% (w/w) of MegaNaturalR©Gold grape seed extract for 6 days. Fresh pig fecal samples werecollected daily. A combination of untargeted high resolution mass spectrometry, multivariateanalysis (PLS-DA), data-dependent MS/MS scan, and accurate mass database matching wasused to measure the effect of the treatment on fecal composition. The resultant PLS-DAmodels showed a good discrimination among classes with great robustness and predictability.A total of 14 metabolites related to the GSE consumption were identified including biliary acid,dicarboxylic fatty acid, cholesterol metabolites, purine metabolites, and eicosanoid metabolitesamong others. Moreover, targeted metabolomics using GC-MS showed that cholesterol andits metabolites fecal excretion was increased due to the proanthocyanidins from grape seedextract.Conclusion:The results show that oligomeric procyanidins from GSE modifies bile acid andsteroid excretion, which could exert a hypocholesterolemic effect.

وصف الملف: 9 p.; application/pdf

العلاقة: Versió postprint del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201600190Test; Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 2016, vol. 60, num. , p. 2219-2227; https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201600190Test; http://hdl.handle.net/2445/132807Test; 663353

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201600190Test
http://hdl.handle.net/2445/132807Test

المؤلفون: Klasing, Kirk C., Thacker, Paul, Lopez, Melvin A., Calvert, Christopher C.

المصدر: Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, 2000 Dec 01. 31(4), 512-517.

الوصول الحر: https://www.jstor.org/stable/20096040Test

المؤلفون: Garrod, Marjorie G, Miller, Joshua W., Calvert, Christopher C., Buchholz, Bruce A., Green, Ralph, Johnson, Heidi A., Allen, Lindsay H.

المصدر: The FASEB Journal ; volume 24, issue S1 ; ISSN 0892-6638 1530-6860

الوصف: Animal source foods such as eggs are the only natural dietary source of vitamin B12 but there is limited information on its bioavailability from these sources. The objective was to test the feasibility of enriching eggs in vivo with sufficient 14 C‐B12 for use in human bioavailability studies. 14 C‐B12 was biosynthesized using Salmonella enterica , purified and injected into the thigh muscle of a laying hen. Eggs were collected 21 d, pooled, scrambled and cooked. A serving of egg containing ~0.7 μg 14 C‐B12 (~30 nCi) was fed to each of 10 healthy humans after an overnight fast. 14 C, detected by accelerator mass spectrometry, first appeared in plasma at 3–4 h after dose and peaked at 7–10 h, with 5–40% appearing in urine in the first 24 h. Fecal 14 C analyses in progress will enable calculation of % bioavailability of B12. We conclude that this protocol can be used for human B12 bioavailability studies. Funded by the American Egg Board.

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.915.12Test

المؤلفون: Garrod, Marjorie G, Johnson, Heidi A, Calvert, Christopher C, Allen, Lindsay H, Green, Ralph, Miller, Joshua W

المصدر: The FASEB Journal ; volume 22, issue S1 ; ISSN 0892-6638 1530-6860

الوصف: Beef enriched in vivo with 14 C‐B12 may be used for assessing B12 bioavailability and absorption in humans. However, B12 transfer rates between plasma and tissues in bovines are not well characterized. We created a model of B12 kinetics based on data collected from two 500 lb calves: calf 1 received two I.V. pulse doses of 14 C‐B12 (7.5 μg, 250 nCi/dose) given 24h apart; calf 2 received a continuous infusion of 14 C‐B12 (22.5 μg, 750 nCi) for 21d using an Alzet pump. 14 C content of plasma, liver and muscle was determined by accelerator mass spectrometry. The model is composed of 4 state variables representing B12 pools in blood, liver, muscle, and other tissues. Exchanges between pools were predicted based on mass action kinetics. Using pulse dose data, uptake rates from plasma into muscle and liver were concentration dependent and estimated to be 5.5%/d and 3.9%/d, respectively. Using continuous infusion data, uptake rates from plasma into muscle and liver were concentration independent and estimated to be 0.072 nmol/d and 0.141 nmol/d, respectively. Model estimates of 14 C‐B12 accumulation in liver and muscle were within 30% of measured values. SDs of the estimated exchange rates were low indicating rate predictions were unique. This model can provide estimates of B12 enrichment in meat and liver using different dosing protocols. Funding: National Cattlemen's Beef Association

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.865.5Test

المؤلفون: Kanchuk, Marc L., Backus, Robert C., Morris, James G., Rogers, Quinton R., Calvert, Christopher C.

المصدر: The Journal of Nutrition ; volume 133, issue 6, page 1866-1874 ; ISSN 0022-3166

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/133.6.1866Test
https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0022316622159572?httpAccept=text/xmlTest
https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0022316622159572?httpAccept=text/plainTest
http://academic.oup.com/jn/article-pdf/133/6/1866/24012659/4w0603001866.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Kanchuk, Marc L., Backus, Robert C., Calvert, Christopher C., Morris, James G., Rogers, Quinton R.

المصدر: The Journal of Nutrition ; volume 132, issue 6, page 1730S-1732S ; ISSN 0022-3166

مصطلحات موضوعية: Nutrition and Dietetics, Medicine (miscellaneous)

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/132.6.1730sTest
https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S002231662215203X?httpAccept=text/xmlTest
https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S002231662215203X?httpAccept=text/plainTest
http://academic.oup.com/jn/article-pdf/132/6/1730S/24019927/1730s.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Garrod, Marjorie G., Rossow, Heidi A., Calvert, Christopher C., Miller, Joshua W., Green, Ralph, Buchholz, Bruce A., Allen, Lindsay H.

مصطلحات موضوعية: 60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES

الوصف: Traditionally, the bioavailability of vitamin B-12 (B12) from in vivo labeled foods was determined by labeling the vitamin with radiocobalt ( 57 Co, 58 Co or 60 Co). This required use of penetrating radioactivity and sometimes used higher doses of B12 than the physiological limit of B12 absorption. The aim of this study was to determine the bioavailability and absorbed B12 from chicken eggs endogenously labeled with 14 C-B12 using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). 14C-B12 was injected intramuscularly into hens to produce eggs enriched in vivo with the 14 C labeled vitamin. The eggs, which provided 1.4 to 2.6 μg of B12 (~1.1 kBq) per serving, were scrambled, cooked and fed to 10 human volunteers. Baseline and post-ingestion blood, urine and stool samples were collected over a one-week period and assessed for 14 C-B12 content using AMS. Bioavailability ranged from 13.2 to 57.7% (mean 30.2 ± 16.4%). Difference among subjects was explained by dose of B12, with percent bioavailability from 2.6 μg only half that from 1.4 μg. The total amount of B12 absorbed was limited to 0.5–0.8 μg (mean 0.55 ± 0.19 μg B12) and was relatively unaffected by the amount consumed. The use of 14 C-B12 offers the only currently available method for quantifying B12 absorption in humans, including food cobalamin absorption. An egg is confirmed as a good source of B12, supplying approximately 20% of the average adult daily requirement (RDA for adults = 2.4 μg/day).

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1562375Test; https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1562375Test; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11092148Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11092148Test
http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1562375Test
https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1562375Test