المؤلفون: Fiscella, Andrew J., Andel, Ross

المصدر: Journal of Aging & Physical Activity; Jun2024, Vol. 32 Issue 3, p397-407, 11p

مصطلحات موضوعية: OBESITY complications, STATISTICAL correlation, ABDOMINAL adipose tissue, EXERCISE, COGNITIVE testing, BODY mass index, BODY weight, WAIST circumference, COGNITION disorders, RESEARCH, COMPARATIVE studies, PHYSICAL activity, MIDDLE age, OLD age

مستخلص: As rates of obesity continue to rise, so does the impact of obesity on cognitive function. Engaging in physical activity is one pathway through which individuals can help maintain cognitive function. This study examined whether any link between exercise and cognitive function was associated with weight characteristics. Data from 6,012 participants in the Health and Retirement Study were used. The association between participation in light or moderate physical activity and better cognitive function was particularly strong for overweight or obese adults and less so for those who were normal weight. Overall, the findings suggested that while being physically active is associated with better cognitive function regardless of weight, the associations were stronger for individuals who were overweight/obese compared with those who were normal weight. Given the results were particularly pronounced for waist circumference (relative to body mass index), further research should be conducted to examine if individuals with greater abdominal adiposity may benefit most from staying active in terms of their cognitive function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Journal of Aging & Physical Activity is the property of Human Kinetics Publishers, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Duvenage, Kyra-Kezzia, Willemse, Yolandi, de Ridder, Hans, Kramer, Mark

المصدر: Journal of Sport Rehabilitation; May2024, Vol. 33 Issue 4, p237-244, 8p

مصطلحات موضوعية: BODY mass index, SKINFOLD thickness, SHOULDER, SCIENTIFIC observation, KRUSKAL-Wallis Test, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, MUSCLE strength, STATURE, WAIST circumference, ACADEMIC achievement, ANTHROPOMETRY, BASKETBALL, KNEE, EXERCISE tests, DATA analysis software, ISOKINETIC exercise, MUSCLE contraction, RANGE of motion of joints, STANDARDS

مستخلص: Context: The purpose of the study was to develop normative ranges and standards for knee and shoulder isokinetic and anthropometric values. These standards can be qualitatively interpreted and allow practitioners to classify isokinetic and anthropometric values more objectively for university-level netball players. Design: Posttest only observational study design. All players were only evaluated once during the in-season to generate normative ranges. Methods: A total of 51 female players volunteered. Participants were evaluated on an isokinetic dynamometer at 60° per second to obtain knee-extensor and knee-flexor values as well as shoulder-flexor and shoulder-extensor values. A total of 16 anthropometric variables were collected including stature, body mass, 8 skinfolds, and 6 circumferences. Between-group differences were calculated to determine whether playing level was a differentiating factor in data. Results: Normative standards were developed for isokinetic parameters associated with the knee and shoulder joints as well as skinfolds and circumference measures. No statistically significant between-group differences were evident (χKruskal-Wallis²[2] = 3.96, P = .140). Conclusion: These standards can be used by coaches and practitioners to set attainable goals for individual players or those from secondary leagues, classify individual and team-based performances, and facilitate decision-making processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Journal of Sport Rehabilitation is the property of Human Kinetics Publishers, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Wang, Liqiang¹ (AUTHOR), Zhao, Zhibang¹ (AUTHOR), Fan, Wenliang¹ (AUTHOR), Yao, Yuan¹ (AUTHOR), Chu, Qingbo¹ (AUTHOR) 13721809268@163.com

المصدر: PLoS ONE. 5/15/2024, Vol. 19 Issue 5, p1-12. 12p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *HIP fractures, *ARM circumference, *WAIST circumference, *TRICEPS, *SURGERY, *FRACTURE healing

مستخلص: Background: We aimed to explore the predictive value of anthropometric measurements in survival and free walking ability of geriatric hip fractures after surgery. Methods: Eight common anthropometric measurements, including arm circumference (AC), waist circumference (WC), thigh circumference (TC), calf circumference (CC), biceps skinfold (BS), triceps skinfold (TS), suprailiac skinfold (SIS), and subscapular skinfold (SSS), were included to identify their predictive value in survival and free walking ability of geriatric hip fractures. The results of anthropometric measurements were compared between patients with different outcomes. Cox and logistics models were established to further identify the predictive value of anthropometric measurements. Results: Comparison among groups indicated that individuals with different outcomes may have significantly different anthropometric measurements. In the Cox analyses based on all individuals, all models proved that the patients with higher AC, as well as CC and BS, may have a lower risk of 1-year mortality. Similarly, in the logistics analysis, AC, CC, and BS were proven to have strong predictive ability for 6-month and 1-year mortality in females and overall individuals. However, the predictive value of the eight common anthropometric measurements in free walking ability is not significant. Conclusion: AC, CC, and BS may have strong predictive ability for 6-month and 1-year mortality in all individuals and females. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Oguaju, Bonaventure¹, Lau, Darren¹, Padwal, Raj¹, Ringrose, Jennifer^1,2 jringros@ualberta.ca

المصدر: Journal of Clinical Hypertension. Jun2024, p1. 5p. 1 Illustration, 3 Charts.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *ARM circumference, *BLOOD pressure measurement, *INTER-observer reliability, *POSTURE, *STANDING position

مستخلص: Accurate arm circumference (AC) measurement is required for accurate blood pressure (BP) readings. Standards stipulate measuring arm circumference at the midpoint between the acromion process (AP) and the olecranon process. However, which part of the AP to use is not stipulated. Furthermore, BP is measured sitting but arm circumference is measured standing. We sought to understand how landmarking during AC measurement and body position affect cuff size selection. Two variations in measurement procedure were studied. First, AC was measured at the top of the acromion (TOA) and compared to the spine of the acromion (SOA). Second, standing versus seated measurements using each landmark were compared. AC was measured to the nearest 0.1 cm at the mid‐point of the upper arm by two independent observers, blinded from each other's measurements. In 51 participants, the mean (±SD) mid‐AC measurement using the anchoring landmarks TOA and SOA in the standing position were 32.4 cm (±6.18) and 32.1 cm (±6.07), respectively (mean difference of 0.3 cm). In the seated position, mean arm circumference was 32.2 (±6.10) using TOA and 31.1 (±6.03) using SOA (mean difference 1.1 cm). Kappa agreement for cuff selection in the standing position between TOA and SOA was 0.94 (p < 0.001). The landmark on the acromion process can change the cuff selection in a small percentage of cases. The overall impact of this landmark selection is small. However, standardizing landmark selection and body position for AC measurement could further reduce variability in cuff size selection during BP measurement and validation studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Bartoskova Polcrova, Anna¹ (AUTHOR) anna.bartoskova@recetox.muni.cz, Dalecka, Andrea¹ (AUTHOR), Szabo, Daniel¹ (AUTHOR), Gonzalez Rivas, Juan Pablo^2,3 (AUTHOR), Bobak, Martin^1,4 (AUTHOR), Pikhart, Hynek^1,4 (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Scientific Reports. 6/19/2024, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p1-10. 10p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *SEDENTARY behavior, *WAIST circumference, *BLOOD sugar, *ENVIRONMENTAL exposure, *ALCOHOL drinking

مستخلص: Exposures to social and environmental stressors arise individual behavioural response and thus indirectly affect cardiometabolic health. The aim of this study was to investigate several social and environmental stressors and the paths of their influence on cardiometabolic health. The data of 2154 participants (aged 25–64 years) from the cross-sectional population-based study were analysed. The composite score of metabolic disorders (MS score) was calculated based on 5 biomarkers: waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides. The effects of social stressors (education level, income), environmental stressors (NO2, noise) and behavioural factors (unhealthy diet, smoking, alcohol consumption, sedentary behaviours) on MS score were assessed using a structural model. We observed a direct effect of education on MS score, as well as an indirect effect mediated via an unhealthy diet, smoking, and sedentary behaviours. We also observed a significant indirect effect of income via sedentary behaviours. The only environmental stressor predicting MS was noise, which also mediated the effect of education. In summary, the effect of social stressors on the development of cardiometabolic risk had a higher magnitude than the effect of the assessed environmental factors. Social stressors lead to an individual's unhealthy behaviour and might predispose individuals to higher levels of environmental stressors exposures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Xu, Lihan¹ (AUTHOR), Liu, Yuntao¹ (AUTHOR), Zhao, Chenchen¹ (AUTHOR), Wang, Jiaying¹ (AUTHOR), Zhou, Haojing² (AUTHOR) haojingz0826@126.com

المصدر: PLoS ONE. 6/6/2024, Vol. 19 Issue 6, p1-13. 13p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *PERIODONTITIS, *WAIST circumference, *CURVE fitting, *ODDS ratio, *SQUARE root, *WORLD War I, *OVERWEIGHT children

مستخلص: Objective: This study aims to examine the association between the Weight-adjusted Waist Circumference Index (WWI) and the prevalence of periodontitis, providing novel evidence on the link between central obesity and periodontal health. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 10,289 participants enrolled from NHANES 2009 to 2014. WWI was calculated by dividing waist circumference by the square root of weight. We employed a multivariate logistic regression model and smoothed curve fitting method to evaluate the relationship between WWI and periodontitis. We also compared different subgroups and analyzed the interaction effects. Results: A significant positive association between WWI and periodontitis was observed in 10,289 participants aged ≥30 (OR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.12–1.28). Upon categorizing WWI into quartiles, the top quartile group exhibited a 27% increased prevalence of periodontitis compared to the bottom quartile (OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.10–1.46; P for trend = 0.001). Among individuals aged 30 to 60, the strength of this positive correlation is more pronounced than in those aged 60 and above. Conclusions: WWI demonstrates a positive correlation with periodontitis with a particularly pronounced impact on moderate periodontitis, suggesting its potential to improve periodontitis prevention in a broad population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Gómez-Ambrosi, Javier^1,2,3 (AUTHOR) jagomez@unav.es, Catalán, Victoria^1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Ramírez, Beatriz^1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Salmón-Gómez, Laura^1,2 (AUTHOR), Marugán-Pinos, Rocío¹ (AUTHOR), Rodríguez, Amaia^1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Becerril, Sara^1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Aguas-Ayesa, Maite^2,4 (AUTHOR), Yárnoz-Esquíroz, Patricia^3,4 (AUTHOR), Olazarán, Laura^3,4 (AUTHOR), Perdomo, Carolina M.^2,4 (AUTHOR), Silva, Camilo^2,3,4 (AUTHOR), Escalada, Javier^2,3,4 (AUTHOR), Frühbeck, Gema^1,2,3,4 (AUTHOR)

المصدر: European Journal of Internal Medicine. Jun2024, Vol. 124, p54-60. 7p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *WAIST circumference, *OBESITY, *BODY composition, *BODY weight, *METABOLIC syndrome, *ADIPOSE tissue diseases

مستخلص: • Obesity is a state of increased adipose tissue, not body weight. • BMI inaccurately diagnoses obesity when compared to the determination of body fat%. • We propose a new classification system combining actual BF% and waist circumference. • This system allows to gradually estimating the cardiometabolic risk of the patients. The estimation of obesity-associated cardiometabolic risk does not usually take into account body composition or the distribution of adiposity. The aim of the present study was to assess the clinical usefulness of a novel obesity phenotyping system based on the combination of actual body fat percentage (BF%) and waist circumference (WC) according to the cardiometabolic risk estimation. A classification matrix combining BF% and WC as measures of both amount and distribution of adiposity establishing nine body phenotypes (3 BF% x 3 WC) was developed. Individuals were grouped in five different cardiometabolic risk phenotypes. We conducted a validation study in a large cohort of White subjects from both genders representing a wide range of ages and adiposity (n = 12,754; 65 % females, aged 18–88 years). The five risk groups using the matrix combination of BF% and WC exhibited a robust linear distribution regarding cardiometabolic risk, estimated by the Metabolic Syndrome Severity Score, showing a continuous increase between groups with significant differences (P < 0.001) among them, as well as in other cardiometabolic risk factors. An additional 24 % of patients at very high risk was detected with the new classification system proposed (P < 0.001) as compared to an equivalent matrix using BMI and WC instead of BF% and WC. A more detailed phenotyping should be a priority in the diagnosis and management of patients with obesity. Our classification system allows to gradually estimate the cardiometabolic risk according to BF% and WC, thus representing a novel and useful tool for both research and clinical practice. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Watanabe, Norikazu¹ (AUTHOR), Inoue, Kenichi² (AUTHOR), Hara, Hiroyuki² (AUTHOR), Midorikawa, Miyu² (AUTHOR), Ohta, Mitsuhiro³ (AUTHOR), Ohkura, Naoki⁴ (AUTHOR) n-ohkura@pharm.teikyo-u.ac.jp

المصدر: International Journal of Food Sciences & Nutrition. Jun2024, Vol. 75 Issue 4, p426-435. 10p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *WAIST circumference, *OVERWEIGHT persons, *FAT, *CHALCONE, *BODY mass index, *COMPUTED tomography, *ABDOMINAL adipose tissue

مستخلص: This randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group study aimed to determine whether encapsulated Ashitaba chalcone (16 mg comprising 10.1 mg 4-hydroxyderricin and 5.9 mg xanthoangelol) could reduce obesity in 17 men and 25 women with a body mass index (BMI) of 25 to < 30. Participants ingested capsules containing either the chalcone or a placebo daily for 12 weeks. The primary endpoint was changes in visceral fat areas determined by computed tomography (CT) at baseline, and at 8 and 12 weeks later. The primary endpoint, abdominal visceral fat area, was significantly reduced in the chalcone, compared with a placebo group 12 weeks after screening (p < 0.05). The secondary endpoint, waist circumference, was significantly decreased in the chalcone, compared with the placebo group at weeks 8 and 12 (p < 0.05 at week 8; p < 0.01 at week 12). Therefore, Ashitaba chalcone has anti-obesity benefits for overweight men and women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Lee, Gwenyth O.¹ (AUTHOR) gwenyth.lee@globalhealth.rutgers.edu, McCormick, Benjamin J. J.² (AUTHOR), Yori, Pablo P.³ (AUTHOR), Paredes‐Olortegui, Maribel⁴ (AUTHOR), Caulfield, Laura E.⁵ (AUTHOR), Kosek, Margaret N.³ (AUTHOR)

المصدر: American Journal of Human Biology. Jun2024, Vol. 36 Issue 6, p1-11. 11p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *POOR children, *ARM circumference, *INFANT growth, *LINEAR velocity, *LENGTH measurement, *MIDDLE-income countries

مستخلص: Objectives: Infant growth is recognized to vary over the short term, with periods of greater and lesser linear growth velocity. Our objectives were to (1) examine the potential differences in overall growth profiles between children who experienced cumulative growth faltering in the first year of life consistent with that seen by many children living in poverty in low‐ and middle‐income countries, versus children without growth faltering and (2) test whether biological factors were associated with the timing of magnitude of growth saltations. Methods: Thrice‐weekly measurements of length were recorded for n = 61 Peruvian infants (28 boys and 33 girls) enrolled from birth to 1 year. A total of 6040 measurements were analyzed. We tested for the evidence of saltatory growth and used hurdle models to test whether the timing and magnitude of saltations varied between children with greater or lesser growth faltering. Results: There were no differences in the duration of stasis periods or magnitude of growth saltations between children who were stunted at 1 year old (N = 18) versus those who were not stunted (N = 43). Children who experienced greater declines in LAZ in the first year of life trended toward longer periods between saltations than those with less of a decline (14.5 days vs. 13.4 days, p =.0512). A 1‐unit increase in mid upper arm circumference for age Z‐score in the 21 days prior was associated with 35% greater odds of a saltation occurring (p <.001), and a 0.128 cm greater saltation (p <.001). Conclusions: After characterizing infant growth into periods of saltation and stasis, our results suggest that increases in weight preceded increases in length. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Cruijsen, Esther¹ (AUTHOR) esther.cruijsen@wur.nl, Bonekamp, Nadia E.² (AUTHOR), Koopal, Charlotte² (AUTHOR), Winkels, Renate M.¹ (AUTHOR), Visseren, Frank L. J.² (AUTHOR), Geleijnse, Johanna M.¹ (AUTHOR)

المصدر: PLoS ONE. 5/31/2024, Vol. 19 Issue 5, p1-20. 20p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *BODY mass index, *WAIST circumference, *PHYSICAL activity, *CORONARY artery disease, *MORTALITY

مستخلص: Background and aims: Body adiposity is known to affect mortality risk in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). We examined associations of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with long term mortality in Dutch CAD patients, and potential and effect modification of these associations by lifestyle and health determinants. Methods: 10,370 CAD patients (mean age ∼65 y; 20% female; >80% on cardiovascular drugs) from the prospective Alpha Omega Cohort and Utrecht Cardiovascular Cohort–Secondary Manifestations of ARTerial disease study were included. Cox models were used to estimate categorical and continuous associations (using restricted cubic splines) of measured BMI and WC with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk, adjusting for age, sex, smoking, alcohol, physical activity and educational level. Analyses were repeated in subgroups of lifestyle factors (smoking, physical activity, diet quality), education and health determinants (diabetes, self-rated health). Results: During ∼10 years of follow-up (91,947 person-years), 3,553 deaths occurred, including 1,620 from cardiovascular disease. U-shaped relationships were found for BMI and mortality risk, with the lowest risk for overweight patients (BMI ∼27 kg/m2). For obesity (BMI ≥30), the HR for all-cause mortality was 1.31 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.41) in male patients and 1.10 (95% CI: 0.92, 1.30) in female patients, compared to BMI 25–30 kg/m2. WC was also non-linearly associated with mortality, and HRs were 1.18 (95%CI:1.06, 1.30) in males and 1.31 (95%CI:1.05, 1.64) in females for the highest vs. middle category of WC. Results for cardiovascular mortality were mostly in line with the results for all-cause mortality. U-shaped associations were found in most subgroups, associations were moderately modified by physical activity, smoking and educational level. Conclusions: CAD patients with obesity and a large WC were at increased risk of long-term CVD and all-cause mortality, while mildly overweight patients had the lowest risk. These associations were consistent across subgroups of patients with different lifestyles and health status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]