المؤلفون: Hunter, David J, Deveza, Leticia A, Collins, Jamie E, Losina, Elena, Katz, Jeffrey N, Nevitt, Michael C, Lynch, John A, Roemer, Frank W, Guermazi, Ali, Bowes, Michael A, Dam, Erik B, Eckstein, Felix, Kwoh, C Kent, Hoffmann, Steve, Kraus, Virginia B

المصدر: Arthritis Care & Research. 74(7)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Prevention, Biomedical Imaging, Pain Research, Arthritis, Aging, Chronic Pain, Clinical Research, Musculoskeletal, Biomarkers, Cartilage, Articular, Disease Progression, Humans, Knee Joint, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, National Institutes of Health (U.S.), Osteoarthritis, Knee, Synovitis, United States, Public Health and Health Services, Psychology, Clinical sciences, Allied health and rehabilitation science

الوصف: ObjectiveTo determine the optimal combination of imaging and biochemical biomarkers for use in the prediction of knee osteoarthritis (OA) progression.MethodsThe present study was a nested case-control trial from the Foundation of the National Institutes of Health OA Biomarkers Consortium that assessed study participants with a Kellgren/Lawrence grade of 1-3 who had complete biomarker data available (n = 539 to 550). Cases were participants' knees that had radiographic and pain progression between 24 and 48 months compared to baseline. Radiographic progression only was assessed in secondary analyses. Biomarkers (baseline and 24-month changes) that had a P value of

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/64n63926Test

المؤلفون: Bowes, Michael J., Hutchins, Michael G., Nicholls, David J.E., Armstrong, Linda K., Scarlett, Peter M., Jürgens, Monika D., Bachiller-Jareno, Nuria, Fournier, Isabelle, Read, Daniel S.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Ecology and Environment, Hydrology

الوصف: Excessive phytoplankton concentrations in rivers can result in the loss of plant and invertebrate communities, and threaten drinking water supplies. Whilst the physicochemical controls on algal blooms have been identified previously, how these factors combine to control the initiation, size, and cessation of blooms in rivers is not well understood. We applied flow cytometry to quantify diatom, chlorophyte, and cyanobacterial group abundances in the River Thames (UK) at weekly intervals from 2011 to 2022, alongside physicochemical data. A niche modeling approach was used to identify thresholds in water temperature, flow, solar radiation, and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) concentrations required to produce periods of phytoplankton growth, with blooms only occurring when all thresholds were met. The thresholds derived from the 2011 to 2018 dataset were applied to a test data set (2019–2022), which predicted the timing and duration of blooms at accuracies of > 80%. Diatoms and nano-chlorophyte blooms were initiated by flow and water temperature, and usually terminated due to temperature and flow going out of the threshold range, or SRP and Si becoming limiting. Cyanobacterial bloom dynamics were primarily controlled by water temperature and solar radiation. This simple methodology provides a key understanding of phytoplankton community succession and inter-annual variation and can be applied to any river with similar water quality and phytoplankton data. It provides early warnings of algal and cyanobacterial bloom timings, which support future catchment management decisions to safeguard water resources, and provides a basis for modeling changing phytoplankton bloom risk due to future climate change.

وصف الملف: text

العلاقة: https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/537400/1/Limnology%20%20%20Oceanography%20-%202024%20-%20Bowes%20-%20Predicting%20river%20phytoplankton%20blooms%20and%20community%20succession%20using%20ecological.pdfTest; Bowes, Michael J. orcid:0000-0002-0673-1934; Hutchins, Michael G. orcid:0000-0003-3764-5331; Nicholls, David J.E.; Armstrong, Linda K.; Scarlett, Peter M.; Jürgens, Monika D. orcid:0000-0002-6526-589X; Bachiller-Jareno, Nuria orcid:0000-0001-9732-6725; Fournier, Isabelle orcid:0000-0002-0065-2338; Read, Daniel S. orcid:0000-0001-8546-5154 . 2024 Predicting river phytoplankton blooms and community succession using ecological niche modeling. Limnology and Oceanography. https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.12582Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.12582Test
http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/537400Test/
https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/537400/1/Limnology%20%20%20Oceanography%20-%202024%20-%20Bowes%20-%20Predicting%20river%20phytoplankton%20blooms%20and%20community%20succession%20using%20ecological.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Garcia-Martin, E. Elena, Sanders, Richard, Evans, Chris D., Kitidis, Vassilis, Lapworth, Dan J., Spears, Bryan M., Tye, Andy, Williamson, Jennifer L., Balfour, Chris, Best, Mike, Bowes, Michael, Breimann, Sarah, Brown, Ian J., Burden, Annette, Callaghan, Nathan, Dise, Nancy B., Farr, Gareth, Felgate, Stacey L., Fishwick, James, Fraser, Mike, Gibb, Stuart, Gilbert, Pete J., Godsell, Nina, Gomez-Castillo, Africa P., Hargreaves, Geoff, Harris, Carolyn, Jones, Oban, Kennedy, Paul, Lichtschlag, Anna, Martin, Adrian P., May, Rebecca, Mawji, Edward, Mounteney, Ian, Nightingale, Philip D., Olszewska, Justyna P., Painter, Stuart C., Pearce, Christopher R., Pereira, M. Gloria, Peel, Kate, Pickard, Amy, Stephens, John A., Stinchcombe, Mark, Thornton, Barry, Woodward, E. Malcolm S., Yarrow, Deborah, Mayor, Daniel J.

المصدر: Journal of Geophysical Research - Biogeosciences. 128(4)

مصطلحات موضوعية: particulate matter, land ocean aquatic continuum, terrigenous material, isotopic signatures

الوصف: Estuaries receive and process a large amount of particulate organic carbon (POC) prior to its export into coastal waters. Studying the origin of this POC is key to understanding the fate of POC and the role of estuaries in the global carbon cycle. Here, we evaluated the concentrations of POC, as well as particulate organic nitrogen (PON), and used stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes to assess their sources across 13 contrasting British estuaries during five different sampling campaigns over 1 year. We found a high variability in POC and PON concentrations across the salinity gradient, reflecting inputs, and losses of organic material within the estuaries. Catchment land cover appeared to influence the contribution of POC to the total organic carbon flux from the estuary to coastal waters, with POC contributions >36% in estuaries draining catchments with a high percentage of urban/suburban land, and <11% in estuaries draining catchments with a high peatland cover. There was no seasonal pattern in the isotopic composition of POC and PON, suggesting similar sources for each estuary over time. Carbon isotopic ratios were depleted (-26.7 +/- 0.42 parts per thousand, average +/- sd) at the lowest salinity waters, indicating mainly terrigenous POC (TPOC). Applying a two-source mixing model, we observed high variability in the contribution of TPOC at the highest salinity waters between estuaries, with a median value of 57%. Our results indicate a large transport of terrigenous organic carbon into coastal waters, where it may be buried, remineralized, or transported offshore. Plain Language Summary Estuaries transport and process a large amount terrigenous particulate organic matter (i.e., carbon and nitrogen) prior to its export to coastal waters. In order to understand the fate of organic carbon and the role of estuaries in the global carbon cycle it is essential to improve our knowledge on its composition, origin, and amount of carbon transported. We quantified the elemental concentrations and stable isotopes composition of carbon and nitrogen to quantify the amount of terrigenous particulate organic matter transported by 13 British estuaries, which drain catchments of diverse land cover under different hydrological conditions. We found a great variability in particulate organic carbon (POC) and particulate organic nitrogen concentrations across the salinity gradient, implying inputs, and losses of material within the estuaries. Each estuary had similar sources of particulate material throughout the year. In most of the estuaries, the POC had a terrigenous origin at the lowest salinity waters. The terrigenous organic carbon contribution decreased toward coastal waters with an average contribution of 57% at the highest salinity waters, indicating a large transport of terrigenous organic carbon into coastal waters.

وصف الملف: electronic

الوصول الحر: https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-503246Test
https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JG007420Test
https://uu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1767673/FULLTEXT01.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Tye, Andrew M., Williamson, Jennifer L., Jarvie, Helen P., Dise, Nancy B., Lapworth, Dan J., Monteith, Don, Sanders, Richard, Mayor, Daniel J., Bowes, Michael J., Bowes, Michael, Burden, Annette, Callaghan, Nathan, Farr, Gareth, Felgate, Stacey L., Gibb, Stuart, Gilbert, Pete J., Hargreaves, Geoff, Keenan, Patrick, Kitidis, Vassilis, Jürgens, Monika D., Martin, Adrian, Mounteney, Ian, Nightingale, Philip D., Pereira, M. Gloria, Olszewska, Justyna, Pickard, Amy, Rees, Andrew P., Spears, Bryan, Stinchcombe, Mark, White, Debbie, Williams, Peter, Worrall, Fred, Evans, Chris D.

المصدر: Journal of Hydrology. 615

مصطلحات موضوعية: Catchments, Rivers, Dissolved inorganic carbon, Free-CO2, Macro-nutrients, Survey

الوصف: Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) fluxes from the land to ocean have been quantified for many rivers globally. However, CO2 fluxes to the atmosphere from inland waters are quantitatively significant components of the global carbon cycle that are currently poorly constrained. Understanding, the relative contributions of natural and human-impacted processes on the DIC cycle within catchments may provide a basis for developing improved management strategies to mitigate free CO2 concentrations in rivers and subsequent evasion to the atmosphere. Here, a large, internally consistent dataset collected from 41 catchments across Great Britain (GB), accounting for ∼36% of land area (∼83,997 km2) and representative of national land cover, was used to investigate catchment controls on riverine dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), bicarbonate (HCO3−) and free CO2 concentrations, fluxes to the coastal sea and annual yields per unit area of catchment. Estimated DIC flux to sea for the survey catchments was 647 kt DIC yr−1 which represented 69% of the total dissolved carbon flux from these catchments. Generally, those catchments with large proportions of carbonate and sedimentary sandstone were found to deliver greater DIC and HCO3− to the ocean. The calculated mean free CO2 yield for survey catchments (i.e. potential CO2 emission to the atmosphere) was 0.56 t C km−2 yr−1. Regression models demonstrated that whilst river DIC (R2 = 0.77) and HCO3− (R2 = 0.77) concentrations are largely explained by the geology of the landmass, along with a negative correlation to annual precipitation, free CO2 concentrations were strongly linked to catchment macronutrient status. Overall, DIC dominates dissolved C inputs to coastal waters, meaning that estuarine carbon dynamics are sensitive to underlying geology and therefore are likely to be reasonably constant. In contrast, potential losses of carbon to the atmosphere via dissolved CO2, which likely constitute a significant fraction of net terrestrial ecosystem production and hence the national carbon budget, may be amenable to greater direct management via altering patterns of land use.

وصف الملف: electronic

الوصول الحر: https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-498446Test
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2022.128677Test
https://uu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1743959/FULLTEXT01.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Sekhar Sen, Indra, Nizam, Sarwar, Ansari, Aqib, Bowes, Michael, Choudhary, Bharat, Glendell, Miriam, Ray, Surajit, Scott, Marian, Miller, Claire, Wilkie, Craig, Sinha, Rajiv

الوصف: Understanding the spatiotemporal dynamics of river water chemistry from its source to sinks is critical for constraining the origin, transformation, and “hotspots” of contaminants in a river basin. To provide new spatiotemporal constraints on river chemistry, dissolved trace element concentrations were measured at 17 targeted locations across the Ramganga River catchment. River water samples were collected across three seasons: pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon between 2019 and 2021. To remove the dependency of trace element concentrations on discharge, we used molar ratios, as discharge data on Indian transboundary rivers are not publicly available. The dataset reveals significant spatiotemporal variability in dissolved trace element concentrations of the Ramganga River. Samples collected upstream of Moradabad, a major industrial city in western Uttar Pradesh, are characterized by ~ 1.2–2.5 times higher average concentrations of most of the trace elements except Sc, V, Cr, Rb, and Pb, likely due to intense water–rock interactions in the headwaters. Such kind of enrichment in trace metal concentrations was also observed at sites downstream of large cities and industrial centers. However, such enrichment was not enough to bring a major change in the River Ganga chemistry, as the signals got diluted downstream of the Ramganga-Ganga confluence. The average river water composition of the Ramganga River was comparable to worldwide river water composition, albeit a few sites were characterized by very high concentrations of dissolved trace elements. Finally, we provide an outlook that calls for an assessment of stable non-traditional isotopes that are ideally suited to track the origin and transformation of elements such as Li, Mg, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sr, Ag, Cd, Sn, Pt, and Hg in Indian rivers.

وصف الملف: text

العلاقة: https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/303851/1/303851.pdfTest; Sekhar Sen, I. et al. (2023) Geochemical evolution of dissolved trace elements in space and time in the Ramganga River, India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment , 195(10), 1150. (doi:10.1007/s10661-023-11665-0 ) (PMID:37668950) (PMCID:37668950)

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-023-11665-0Test
https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/303851Test/
https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/303851/1/303851.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Loundras, Eleni-Anna, Netherton, Christopher L., Flannery, John, Bowes, Michael J., Dixon, Linda, Batten, Carrie

مصطلحات موضوعية: Hydrology, Biology and Microbiology

الوصف: African swine fever virus (ASFV) is known to be very stable and can remain infectious over long periods of time especially at low temperatures and within different matrices, particularly those containing animal-derived organic material. However, there are some gaps in our knowledge pertaining to the survivability and infectivity of ASFV in groundwater. This study aims to determine the stability and infectivity of the cell culture-adapted ASFV strain BA71V by plaque assay after incubation of the virus within river water samples at three different environmentally relevant temperatures (4 °C, 15 °C, and 21 °C) over the course of 42 days. The results from this study indicate that ASFV can remain stable and infectious when maintained at 4 °C in river water for more than 42 days, but as incubation temperatures are increased, the stability is reduced, and the virus is no longer able to form plaques after 28 days and 14 days, respectively, when stored at 15 °C and 21 °C. Characterizing the survivability of ASFV in groundwater can allow us to develop more appropriate inactivation and disinfection methods to support disease control and mitigate ASFV outbreaks.

وصف الملف: text

العلاقة: https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/535971/1/N535971JA.pdfTest; Loundras, Eleni-Anna; Netherton, Christopher L.; Flannery, John; Bowes, Michael J. orcid:0000-0002-0673-1934; Dixon, Linda; Batten, Carrie. 2023 The effect of temperature on the stability of African swine fever virus BA71V isolate in environmental water samples [in special issue: Swine fevers: global perspective and response] Pathogens, 12 (8), 1022. 9, pp. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12081022Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12081022Test
http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/535971Test/
https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/535971/1/N535971JA.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Sen, Indra Sekhar, Nizam, Sarwar, Ansari, Aqib, Bowes, Michael, Choudhary, Bharat, Glendell, Miriam, Ray, Surajit, Scott, Marian, Miller, Claire, Wilkie, Craig, Sinha, Rajiv

مصطلحات موضوعية: Hydrology, Chemistry

الوصف: Understanding the spatiotemporal dynamics of river water chemistry from its source to sinks is critical for constraining the origin, transformation, and “hotspots” of contaminants in a river basin. To provide new spatiotemporal constraints on river chemistry, dissolved trace element concentrations were measured at 17 targeted locations across the Ramganga River catchment. River water samples were collected across three seasons: pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon between 2019 and 2021. To remove the dependency of trace element concentrations on discharge, we used molar ratios, as discharge data on Indian transboundary rivers are not publicly available. The dataset reveals significant spatiotemporal variability in dissolved trace element concentrations of the Ramganga River. Samples collected upstream of Moradabad, a major industrial city in western Uttar Pradesh, are characterized by ~ 1.2–2.5 times higher average concentrations of most of the trace elements except Sc, V, Cr, Rb, and Pb, likely due to intense water–rock interactions in the headwaters. Such kind of enrichment in trace metal concentrations was also observed at sites downstream of large cities and industrial centers. However, such enrichment was not enough to bring a major change in the River Ganga chemistry, as the signals got diluted downstream of the Ramganga-Ganga confluence. The average river water composition of the Ramganga River was comparable to worldwide river water composition, albeit a few sites were characterized by very high concentrations of dissolved trace elements. Finally, we provide an outlook that calls for an assessment of stable non-traditional isotopes that are ideally suited to track the origin and transformation of elements such as Li, Mg, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sr, Ag, Cd, Sn, Pt, and Hg in Indian rivers.

وصف الملف: text

العلاقة: https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/535748/1/N535748JA.pdfTest; Sen, Indra Sekhar; Nizam, Sarwar; Ansari, Aqib; Bowes, Michael; Choudhary, Bharat; Glendell, Miriam; Ray, Surajit; Scott, Marian; Miller, Claire; Wilkie, Craig; Sinha, Rajiv. 2023 Geochemical evolution of dissolved trace elements in space and time in the Ramganga river, India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 195 (10), 1150. 17, pp. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-023-11665-0Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-023-11665-0Test
http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/535748Test/
https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/535748/1/N535748JA.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Smedley, Pauline L., Bearcock, Jenny M., Ward, Robert S., Crewdson, Emma, Bowes, Michael J., Darling, W. George, Smith, Andrew C.

الوصف: Groundwater abstracted from aquifers in the Vale of Pickering, North Yorkshire, UK and monitored over the period 2015–2022, shows evidence of variable but commonly high concentrations of dissolved CH4. Sampled groundwater from the Jurassic organic-rich Kimmeridge Clay Formation (boreholes up to 180 m depth) has concentrations up to 57 mg/L, and concentrations up to 59 mg/L are found in groundwater from underlying confined Corallian Group limestone (borehole depths 50–227 m). The high concentrations are mainly from boreholes in the central parts of the vale. Small concentrations of ethane (C2H6, up to 800 μg/L) have been found in the Kimmeridge Clay and confined Corallian groundwaters, and of propane (C3H8, up to 160 μg/L) in deeper boreholes (110–180 m) from these formations. The concentrations are typically higher in groundwater from the deeper boreholes and vary with hydrostatic pressure, reflecting the pressure control on CH4 solubility. The occurrences contrast with groundwater from shallow Quaternary superficial deposits which have low CH4 concentrations (up to 0.39 mg/L), and with the unconfined and semi-confined sections of the Corallian aquifer (up to 0.7 mg/L) around the margins of the vale. Groundwater from the Quaternary, Kimmeridge Clay formations and to a small extent the confined Corallian aquifer, supports local private-water supplies, that from the peripheral unconfined sections of Corallian also supports public supply for towns and villages across the region. Dissolved methane/ethane (C1/C2) ratios and stable-isotopic compositions (δ13C-CH4, δ2H-CH4 and δ13C-CO2) suggest that the high-CH4 groundwater from both the Kimmeridge Clay and confined Corallian formations derives overwhelmingly from biogenic reactions, the methanogenesis pathway by CO2 reduction. A small minority of groundwater samples shows a more enriched δ13C-CH4 composition (−50 to −44 ‰) which has been interpreted as due to anaerobic or aerobic methylotrophic oxidation in situ or post-sampling oxidation, rather than derivation by a ...

وصف الملف: text

العلاقة: https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/535520/1/1-s2.0-S0009254123003406-main.pdfTest; Smedley, Pauline L.; Bearcock, Jenny M.; Ward, Robert S.; Crewdson, Emma; Bowes, Michael J.; Darling, W. George; Smith, Andrew C. 2023 Monitoring of methane in groundwater from the Vale of Pickering, UK: temporal variability and source discrimination. Chemical Geology, 636, 121640. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2023.121640Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2023.121640Test
http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/535520Test/
https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/535520/1/1-s2.0-S0009254123003406-main.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Williamson, Jennifer L., Tye, Andrew, Lapworth, Dan J., Monteith, Don, Sanders, Richard, Mayor, Daniel J., Barry, Chris, Bowes, Mike, Bowes, Michael, Burden, Annette, Callaghan, Nathan, Farr, Gareth, Felgate, Stacey, Fitch, Alice, Gibb, Stuart, Gilbert, Pete, Hargreaves, Geoff, Keenan, Patrick, Kitidis, Vassilis, Juergens, Monika, Martin, Adrian, Mounteney, Ian, Nightingale, Philip D., Pereira, M. Gloria, Olszewska, Justyna, Pickard, Amy, Rees, Andrew P., Spears, Bryan, Stinchcombe, Mark, White, Debbie, Williams, Peter, Worrall, Fred, Evans, Chris

مصطلحات موضوعية: Ecology and Environment

الوصف: The dissolved organic carbon (DOC) export from land to ocean via rivers is a significant term in the global C cycle, and has been modified in many areas by human activity. DOC exports from large global rivers are fairly well quantified, but those from smaller river systems, including those draining oceanic regions, are generally under-represented in global syntheses. Given that these regions typically have high runoff and high peat cover, they may exert a disproportionate influence on the global land–ocean DOC export. Here we describe a comprehensive new assessment of the annual riverine DOC export to estuaries across the island of Great Britain (GB), which spans the latitude range 50–60° N with strong spatial gradients of topography, soils, rainfall, land use and population density. DOC yields (export per unit area) were positively related to and best predicted by rainfall, peat extent and forest cover, but relatively insensitive to population density or agricultural development. Based on an empirical relationship with land use and rainfall we estimate that the DOC export from the GB land area to the freshwater-seawater interface was 1.15 Tg C year−1 in 2017. The average yield for GB rivers is 5.04 g C m−2 year−1, higher than most of the world’s major rivers, including those of the humid tropics and Arctic, supporting the conclusion that under-representation of smaller river systems draining peat-rich areas could lead to under-estimation of the global land–ocean DOC export. The main anthropogenic factor influencing the spatial distribution of GB DOC exports appears to be upland conifer plantation forestry, which is estimated to have raised the overall DOC export by 0.168 Tg C year−1. This is equivalent to 15% of the estimated current rate of net CO2 uptake by British forests. With the UK and many other countries seeking to expand plantation forest cover for climate change mitigation, this ‘leak in the ecosystem’ should be incorporated in future assessments of the CO2 sequestration potential of forest planting ...

وصف الملف: text

العلاقة: https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/529760/7/N529760JA.pdfTest; Williamson, Jennifer L.; Tye, Andrew; Lapworth, Dan J. orcid:0000-0001-7838-7960; Monteith, Don; Sanders, Richard orcid:0000-0002-6884-7131; Mayor, Daniel J. orcid:0000-0002-1295-0041; Barry, Chris; Bowes, Mike; Bowes, Michael; Burden, Annette; Callaghan, Nathan; Farr, Gareth; Felgate, Stacey orcid:0000-0002-9955-4948; Fitch, Alice; Gibb, Stuart; Gilbert, Pete; Hargreaves, Geoff orcid:0000-0002-4361-6134; Keenan, Patrick; Kitidis, Vassilis; Juergens, Monika; Martin, Adrian orcid:0000-0002-1202-8612; Mounteney, Ian; Nightingale, Philip D.; Pereira, M. Gloria; Olszewska, Justyna; Pickard, Amy; Rees, Andrew P.; Spears, Bryan; Stinchcombe, Mark; White, Debbie; Williams, Peter; Worrall, Fred; Evans, Chris. 2023 Landscape controls on riverine export of dissolved organic carbon from Great Britain. Biogeochemistry, 164. 163-184. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-021-00762-2Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-021-00762-2Test
http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/529760Test/
https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/529760/7/N529760JA.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Brett, Alan, Bowes, Michael A., Conaghan, Philip G.

المصدر: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders ; volume 24, issue 1 ; ISSN 1471-2474

مصطلحات موضوعية: Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Rheumatology

الوصف: Introduction MRI bone surface area and femoral bone shape (B-score) measures have been employed as quantitative endpoints in DMOAD clinical trials. Computerized Tomography (CT) imaging is more commonly used for 3D visualization of bony anatomy due to its high bone-soft tissue contrast. We aimed to compare CT and MRI assessments of 3D imaging biomarkers. Methods We used baseline and 24-month image data from the IMI-APPROACH 2-year prospective cohort study. Femur and tibia were automatically segmented using active appearance models, a machine-learning method, to measure 3D bone shape, area and 3D joint space width (3DJSW). Linear regression was used to test for correlation between measures. Limits of agreement and bias were tested using Bland-Altman analysis. Results CT-MR pairs of the same knee were available from 434 participants (78% female). B-scores from CT and MR were strongly correlated (CCC = 0.967) with minimal bias of 0.1 (SDD = 0.227). Area measures were also correlated but showed a consistent bias (MR smaller). 3DJSW showed different biases (MR larger) in both lateral and medial compartments. Discussion The strong correlation and small B-score bias suggests that B-score may be measured reliably using either modality. It is likely that the bone surface identified using MR and CT will be at slightly different positions within the bone/cartilage boundary. The negative bone area bias suggests the MR bone boundary is inside the CT boundary producing smaller areas for MR, consistent with the positive 3DJSW bias. The lateral-medial 3DJSW difference is possibly due to a difference in knee pose during acquisition (extended for CT, flexed for MR). Trial registration NCT03883568

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-023-06187-2Test