المؤلفون: Tolaney, Sara, Garrett-Mayer, Elizabeth, Amiri-Kordestani, Laleh, Basho, Reva, Best, Ana, Boileau, Jean-Francois, Denkert, Carsten, Foster, Jared, Harbeck, Nadia, Jacene, Heather, King, Tari, Mason, Ginny, OSullivan, Ciara, Prowell, Tatiana, Richardson, Andrea, Sepulveda, Karla, Smith, Mary, Tjoe, Judy, Turashvili, Gulisa, Woodward, Wendy, Butler, Lynn, Schwartz, Elena, Korde, Larissa, Litton, Jennifer, Regan, Meredith, Pusztai, Lajos, Rugo, Hope

المصدر: Journal of Clinical Oncology. 41(27)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Humans, Female, Breast Neoplasms, Neoadjuvant Therapy, Research Design, Progression-Free Survival

الوصف: PURPOSE: The Standardized Definitions for Efficacy End Points (STEEP) criteria, established in 2007 and updated in 2021 (STEEP 2.0), provide standardized definitions of adjuvant breast cancer (BC) end points. STEEP 2.0 identified a need to separately address end points for neoadjuvant clinical trials. The multidisciplinary NeoSTEEP working group of experts was convened to critically evaluate and align neoadjuvant BC trial end points. METHODS: The NeoSTEEP working group concentrated on neoadjuvant systemic therapy end points in clinical trials with efficacy outcomes-both pathologic and time-to-event survival end points-particularly for registrational intent. Special considerations for subtypes and therapeutic approaches, imaging, nodal staging at surgery, bilateral and multifocal diseases, correlative tissue collection, and US Food and Drug Administration regulatory considerations were contemplated. RESULTS: The working group recommends a preferred definition of pathologic complete response (pCR) as the absence of residual invasive cancer in the complete resected breast specimen and all sampled regional lymph nodes (ypT0/Tis ypN0 per AJCC staging). Residual cancer burden should be a secondary end point to facilitate future assessment of its utility. Alternative end points are needed for hormone receptor-positive disease. Time-to-event survival end point definitions should pay particular attention to the measurement starting point. Trials should include end points originating at random assignment (event-free survival and overall survival) to capture presurgery progression and deaths as events. Secondary end points adapted from STEEP 2.0, which are defined from starting at curative-intent surgery, may also be appropriate. Specification and standardization of biopsy protocols, imaging, and pathologic nodal evaluation are also crucial. CONCLUSION: End points in addition to pCR should be selected on the basis of clinical and biologic aspects of the tumor and the therapeutic agent investigated. Consistent prespecified definitions and interventions are paramount for clinically meaningful trial results and cross-trial comparison.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/93t36321Test

المؤلفون: Nelson, Alexander T, Vasta, Lauren M, Watson, Dave, Kim, Jung, Harris, Anne K, Best, Ana F, Harney, Laura A, Carr, Ann G, Frederickson, Nicole, Dehner, Louis P, Kratz, Christian P, Hagedorn, Kelly N, Mize, William A, Ling, Alexander, Messinger, Yoav H, Hill, D Ashley, Schultz, Kris Ann P, Stewart, Douglas R

مصطلحات موضوعية: Paediatric lung disease

الوصف: Background Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB), the hallmark tumour associated with DICER1 -related tumour predisposition, is characterised by an age-related progression from a cystic lesion (type I) to a high-grade sarcoma with mixed cystic and solid features (type II) or purely solid lesion (type III). Not all cystic PPBs progress; type Ir (regressed), hypothesised to represent regressed or non-progressed type I PPB, is an air-filled, cystic lesion lacking a primitive sarcomatous component. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of non-progressed lung cysts detected by CT scan in adolescents and adults with germline DICER1 pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants. Methods Individuals were enrolled in the National Cancer Institute Natural History of DICER1 Syndrome study, the International PPB/ DICER1 Registry and/or the International Ovarian and Testicular Stromal Tumor Registry. Individuals with a germline DICER1 P/LP variant with first chest CT at 12 years of age or older were selected for this analysis. Results In the combined databases, 110 individuals with a germline DICER1 P/LP variant who underwent first chest CT at or after the age of 12 were identified. Cystic lung lesions were identified in 38% (42/110) with a total of 72 cystic lesions detected. No demographic differences were noted between those with lung cysts and those without lung cysts. Five cysts were resected with four centrally reviewed as type Ir PPB. Conclusion Lung cysts are common in adolescents and adults with germline DICER1 variation. Further study is needed to understand the mechanism of non-progression or regression of lung cysts in childhood to guide judicious intervention.

وصف الملف: text/html

العلاقة: http://thorax.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/79/7/644Test; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thorax-2023-221024Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1136/thorax-2023-221024Test
http://thorax.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/79/7/644Test

المؤلفون: Rosenberg, Philip S, Filho, Adalberto Miranda, Elrod, Julia, Arsham, Aryana, Best, Ana F, Chernyavskiy, Pavel

المساهمون: ORISE Research Participation Program, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute

المصدر: Statistical Methods in Medical Research ; volume 32, issue 9, page 1799-1810 ; ISSN 0962-2802 1477-0334

مصطلحات موضوعية: Health Information Management, Statistics and Probability, Epidemiology

الوصف: Lexis diagrams are rectangular arrays of event rates indexed by age and period. Analysis of Lexis diagrams is a cornerstone of cancer surveillance research. Typically, population-based descriptive studies analyze multiple Lexis diagrams defined by sex, tumor characteristics, race/ethnicity, geographic region, etc. Inevitably the amount of information per Lexis diminishes with increasing stratification. Several methods have been proposed to smooth observed Lexis diagrams up front to clarify salient patterns and improve summary estimates of averages, gradients, and trends. In this article, we develop a novel bivariate kernel-based smoother that incorporates two key innovations. First, for any given kernel, we calculate its singular values decomposition, and select an optimal truncation point—the number of leading singular vectors to retain—based on the bias-corrected Akaike information criterion. Second, we model-average over a panel of candidate kernels with diverse shapes and bandwidths. The truncated model averaging approach is fast, automatic, has excellent performance, and provides a variance-covariance matrix that takes model selection into account. We present an in-depth case study (invasive estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer incidence among non-Hispanic white women in the United States) and simulate operating characteristics for 20 representative cancers. The truncated model averaging approach consistently outperforms any fixed kernel. Our results support the routine use of the truncated model averaging approach in descriptive studies of cancer.

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1177/09622802231192950Test

المؤلفون: Mpody, Christian, Best, Ana F., Lee, Clara N., Stahl, David L., Raman, Vidya T., Urman, Richard D., Tobias, Joseph D., Nafiu, Olubukola O.

المصدر: Annals of Surgery Open ; volume 4, issue 4, page e342 ; ISSN 2691-3593

الوصف: Background: No study has contextualized the excess mortality attributable to racial and ethnic disparities in surgical outcomes. Further, not much effort has been made to quantify the effort needed to eliminate these disparities. Objective: We examined the current trends in mortality attributable to racial or ethnic disparities in the US postsurgical population. We then identified the target for mortality reduction that would be necessary to eliminate these disparities by 2030. Methods: We performed a population-based study of 1,512,974 high-risk surgical procedures among adults (18–64 years) performed across US hospitals between 2000 and 2020. Results: Between 2000 and 2020, the risk-adjusted mortality rates declined for all groups. Nonetheless, Black patients were more likely to die following surgery (adjusted relative risk 1.42; 95% CI, 1.39–1.46) driven by higher Black mortality in the northeast (1.60; 95% CI, 1.52–1.68), as well as the West (1.53; 95% CI, 1.43–1.62). Similarly, mortality risk remained consistently higher for Hispanics compared with White patients (1.21; 95% CI, 1.19–1.24), driven by higher mortality in the West (1.26; 95% CI, 1.21–1.31). Overall, 8364 fewer deaths are required for Black patients to experience mortality on the same scale as White patients. Similar figures for Hispanic patients are 4388. To eliminate the disparity between Black and White patients by 2030, we need a 2.7% annualized reduction in the projected mortality among Black patients. For Hispanics, the annualized reduction needed is 0.8%. Conclusions: Our data provides a framework for incorporating population and health systems measures for eliminating disparity in surgical mortality within the next decade.

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1097/as9.0000000000000342Test

المؤلفون: Best, Ana

مرشدي الرسالة: David B Wolfson (Supervisor)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Pure Sciences - Statistics

العلاقة: Pid: 132607

الإتاحة: https://escholarship.mcgill.ca/concern/theses/ww72bf70sTest

المؤلفون: Best, Ana, Kliegl, Markus, Mead-Gluchacki, Shawn, Tamon, Christino

المصدر: International Journal of Quantum Information 6(6):1135-1148, 2008.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Quantum Physics

الوصف: We study continuous-time quantum walks on graphs which generalize the hypercube. The only known family of graphs whose quantum walk instantaneously mixes to uniform is the Hamming graphs with small arities. We show that quantum uniform mixing on the hypercube is robust under the addition of perfect matchings but not much else. Our specific results include: (1) The graph obtained by augmenting the hypercube with an additive matching is instantaneous uniform mixing whenever the parity of the matching is even, but with a slower mixing time. This strictly includes Moore-Russell's result on the hypercube. (2) The class of Hamming graphs is not uniform mixing if and only if its arity is greater than 5. This is a tight characterization of quantum uniform mixing on Hamming graphs; previously, only the status of arity less than 5 was known. (3) The bunkbed graph B(A[f]), defined by a hypercube-circulant matrix A and a Boolean function f, is not uniform mixing if the Fourier transform of f has small support. This explains why the hypercube is uniform mixing and why the join of two hypercubes is not.
Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures

الوصول الحر: http://arxiv.org/abs/0808.2382Test

المؤلفون: Bhala, Sonia, Stewart, Douglas R, Kennerley, Victoria, Petkov, Valentina I, Rosenberg, Philip S, Best, Ana F

المساهمون: Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Cancer Institute

المصدر: JNCI Cancer Spectrum ; volume 5, issue 3 ; ISSN 2515-5091

مصطلحات موضوعية: Cancer Research, Oncology

الوصف: Background Benign meningiomas are the most frequently reported central nervous system tumors in the United States, with increasing incidence in past decades. However, the future trajectory of this neoplasm remains unclear. Methods We analyzed benign meningioma incidence of cases identified by any means (eg, radiographically with or without microscopic confirmation) in US Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results cancer registries among groups aged 35 to 84 years during 2004-2017 by sex and race and ethnicity using age-period-cohort models. We employed age-period-cohort forecasting models to glean insights regarding the etiology, distribution, and anticipated future (2018-2027) public health impact of this neoplasm. Results In all groups, meningioma incidence overall increased through 2010, then stabilized. Temporal declines were statistically significant overall and in most groups. JoinPoint analysis of cohort rate-ratios identified substantial acceleration in White men born after 1963 (from 1.1% to 3.2% per birth year); cohort rate-ratios were stable or increasing in all groups and all birth cohorts. We forecast that meningioma incidence through 2027 will remain stable or decrease among groups aged 55-84 years but remain similar to current levels among groups aged 35-54 years. The case count of total meningioma burden in 2027 is expected to be approximately 30 470, similar to the expected case count of 27 830 in 2018. Conclusions Between 2004 and 2017, overall incidence of benign meningioma increased and then stabilized or declined. For 2018-2027, our forecast is incidence will remain generally stable in younger age groups but decrease in older age groups. Nonetheless, the total future burden will remain similar to current levels because the population is aging.

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1093/jncics/pkab035Test
http://academic.oup.com/jncics/article-pdf/5/3/pkab035/38338031/pkab035.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Mirshahi, Uyenlinh L., Kim, Jung, Best, Ana F., Chen, Zongming E., Hu, Ying, Haley, Jeremy S., Golden, Alicia, Stahl, Richard, Manickam, Kandamurugu, Carr, Ann G., Harney, Laura A., Field, Amanda, Hatton, Jessica, Schultz, Kris Ann P., Bauer, Andrew J., Hill, D. Ashley, Rosenberg, Philip S., Murray, Michael F., Carey, David J., Stewart, Douglas R.

المصدر: JAMA Network Open ; volume 4, issue 2, page e210112 ; ISSN 2574-3805

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0112Test
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/articlepdf/2776900/mirshahi_2021_oi_210009_1613710267.34809.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Best, Ana F.¹ (AUTHOR), Malinovsky, Yaakov² (AUTHOR), Albert, Paul S.³ (AUTHOR) albertp@mail.nih.gov

المصدر: Journal of Applied Statistics. Aug2023, Vol. 50 Issue 10, p2228-2245. 18p. 4 Charts, 3 Graphs.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *ALGORITHMS, *ECONOMIC aspects of diseases, MEDICAL screening, DISEASE prevalence, RARE diseases, IDENTIFICATION

مستخلص: Group testing study designs have been used since the 1940s to reduce screening costs for uncommon diseases; for rare diseases, all cases are identifiable with substantially fewer tests than the population size. Substantial research has identified efficient designs under this paradigm. However, little work has focused on the important problem of disease screening among clustered data, such as geographic heterogeneity in HIV prevalence. We evaluated designs where we first estimate disease prevalence and then apply efficient group testing algorithms using these estimates. Specifically, we evaluate prevalence using individual testing on a fixed-size subset of each cluster and use these prevalence estimates to choose group sizes that minimize the corresponding estimated average number of tests per subject. We compare designs where we estimate cluster-specific prevalences as well as a common prevalence across clusters, use different group testing algorithms, construct groups from individuals within and in different clusters, and consider misclassification. For diseases with low prevalence, our results suggest that accounting for clustering is unnecessary. However, for diseases with higher prevalence and sizeable between-cluster heterogeneity, accounting for clustering in study design and implementation improves efficiency. We consider the practical aspects of our design recommendations with two examples with strong clustering effects: (1) Identification of HIV carriers in the US population and (2) Laboratory screening of anti-cancer compounds using cell lines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Alter, Blanche P., Best, Ana F.

المصدر: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment ; volume 183, issue 2, page 491-491 ; ISSN 0167-6806 1573-7217

مصطلحات موضوعية: Cancer Research, Oncology

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-020-05775-3Test