المؤلفون: Sayedi, Sayedeh S., Abbott, Benjamin W., Vannière, Boris, Leys, Bérangère, Colombaroli, Daniele, Romera, Graciela G., Słowiński, Michał, Aleman, Julie C., Blarquez, Olivier, Feurdean, Angelica, Brown, Kendrick, Aakala, Tuomas, Alenius, Teija, Allen, Kathryn, Andric, Maja, Bergeron, Yves, Biagioni, Siria, Bradshaw, Richard, Bremond, Laurent, Brisset, Elodie, Brooks, Joseph, Brugger, Sandra O., Brussel, Thomas, Cadd, Haidee, Cagliero, Eleonora, Carcaillet, Christopher, Carter, Vachel, Catry, Filipe X., Champreux, Antoine, Chaste, Emeline, Chavardès, Raphaël D., Chipman, Melissa, Conedera, Marco, Connor, Simon, Constantine, Mark, Courtney Mustaphi, Colin, Dabengwa, Abraham N., Daniels, William, De Boer, Erik, Dietze, Elisabeth, Estrany, Joan, Fernandes, Paulo, Finsinger, Walter, Flantua, Suzette G. A., Fox-Hughes, Paul, Gaboriau, Dorian M., M.Gayo, Eugenia, Girardin, Martin. P., Glenn, Jeffrey, Glückler, Ramesh, González-Arango, Catalina, Groves, Mariangelica, Hamilton, Douglas S., Hamilton, Rebecca J., Hantson, Stijn, Hapsari, K. A., Hardiman, Mark, Hawthorne, Donna, Hoffman, Kira, Inoue, Jun, Karp, Allison T., Krebs, Patrik, Kulkarni, Charuta, Kuosmanen, Niina, Lacourse, Terri, Ledru, Marie-Pierre, Lestienne, Marion, Long, Colin, López-Sáez, José A., Loughlin, Nicholas, Niklasson, Mats, Madrigal, Javier, Maezumi, S. Y., Marcisz, Katarzyna, Mariani, Michela, McWethy, David, Meyer, Grant, Molinari, Chiara, Montoya, Encarni, Mooney, Scott, Morales-Molino, Cesar, Morris, Jesse, Moss, Patrick, Oliveras, Imma, Pereira, José M., Pezzatti, Gianni B., Pickarski, Nadine, Pini, Roberta, Rehn, Emma, Remy, Cécile C., Revelles, Jordi, Rius, Damien, Robin, Vincent, Ruan, Yanming, Rudaya, Natalia, Russell-Smith, Jeremy, Seppä, Heikki, Shumilovskikh, Lyudmila, T.Sommers, William, Tavşanoğlu, Çağatay, Umbanhowar, Charles, Urquiaga, Erickson, Urrego, Dunia, Vachula, Richard S., Wallenius, Tuomo, You, Chao, Daniau, Anne-Laure

المساهمون: Sayedi, Sayedeh S., Abbott, Benjamin W., Vannière, Boris, Leys, Bérangère, Colombaroli, Daniele, Romera, Graciela G., Słowiński, Michał, Aleman, Julie C., Blarquez, Olivier, Feurdean, Angelica, Brown, Kendrick, Aakala, Tuomas, Alenius, Teija, Allen, Kathryn, Andric, Maja, Bergeron, Yves, Biagioni, Siria, Bradshaw, Richard, Bremond, Laurent, Brisset, Elodie, Brooks, Joseph, Brugger, Sandra O., Brussel, Thomas, Cadd, Haidee, Cagliero, Eleonora, Carcaillet, Christopher, Carter, Vachel, Catry, Filipe X., Champreux, Antoine, Chaste, Emeline, Chavardès, Raphaël D., Chipman, Melissa, Conedera, Marco, Connor, Simon, Constantine, Mark, Courtney Mustaphi, Colin, Dabengwa, Abraham N., Daniels, William, De Boer, Erik, Dietze, Elisabeth, Estrany, Joan, Fernandes, Paulo, Finsinger, Walter, Flantua, Suzette G. A., Fox-Hughes, Paul, Gaboriau, Dorian M., M.Gayo, Eugenia, Girardin, Martin. P., Glenn, Jeffrey, Glückler, Ramesh, González-Arango, Catalina, Groves, Mariangelica, Hamilton, Douglas S., Hamilton, Rebecca J., Hantson, Stijn, Hapsari, K. A., Hardiman, Mark, Hawthorne, Donna, Hoffman, Kira, Inoue, Jun, Karp, Allison T., Krebs, Patrik, Kulkarni, Charuta, Kuosmanen, Niina, Lacourse, Terri, Ledru, Marie-Pierre, Lestienne, Marion, Long, Colin, López-Sáez, José A., Loughlin, Nicholas, Niklasson, Mats, Madrigal, Javier, Maezumi, S. Y., Marcisz, Katarzyna, Mariani, Michela, McWethy, David, Meyer, Grant, Molinari, Chiara, Montoya, Encarni, Mooney, Scott, Morales-Molino, Cesar, Morris, Jesse, Moss, Patrick, Oliveras, Imma, Pereira, José M., Pezzatti, Gianni B., Pickarski, Nadine, Pini, Roberta, Rehn, Emma, Remy, Cécile C., Revelles, Jordi, Rius, Damien, Robin, Vincent, Ruan, Yanming, Rudaya, Natalia, Russell-Smith, Jeremy, Seppä, Heikki, Shumilovskikh, Lyudmila, T.Sommers, William, Tavşanoğlu, Çağatay

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biome, Climate change, Ecosystem services, Expert assessment, Fire regime, Holocene, Management

الوصف: Background The global human footprint has fundamentally altered wildfire regimes, creating serious consequences for human health, biodiversity, and climate. However, it remains difficult to project how long-term interactions among land use, management, and climate change will affect fire behavior, representing a key knowledge gap for sustainable management. We used expert assessment to combine opinions about past and future fire regimes from 99 wildfire researchers. We asked for quantitative and qualitative assessments of the frequency, type, and implications of fire regime change from the beginning of the Holocene through the year 2300. Results Respondents indicated some direct human influence on wildfire since at least ~ 12,000 years BP, though natural climate variability remained the dominant driver of fire regime change until around 5,000 years BP, for most study regions. Responses suggested a ten-fold increase in the frequency of fire regime change during the last 250 years compared with the rest of the Holocene, corresponding first with the intensification and extensification of land use and later with anthropogenic climate change. Looking to the future, fire regimes were predicted to intensify, with increases in frequency, severity, and size in all biomes except grassland ecosystems. Fire regimes showed different climate sensitivities across biomes, but the likelihood of fire regime change increased with higher warming scenarios for all biomes. Biodiversity, carbon storage, and other ecosystem services were predicted to decrease for most biomes under higher emission scenarios. We present recommendations for adaptation and mitigation under emerging fire regimes, while recognizing that management options are constrained under higher emission scenarios. Conclusion The influence of humans on wildfire regimes has increased over the last two centuries. The perspective gained from past fires should be considered in land and fire management strategies, but novel fire behavior is likely given the ...

العلاقة: Fire Ecology. 2024 Feb 08;20(1):18; https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/141650Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-023-00237-9Test
https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/141650Test

المؤلفون: Bisson, Michael, Burke, Ariane, Schilt, Flora, Aleman, Julie, Peros, Matthew, Drapeau, Michelle, Katongo, Maggie, Kayuni, Martha Nchimunya, Museba, Joseph Mutale, Tolan, Steve

المساهمون: Centre Européen de Recherche et d'Enseignement des Géosciences de l'Environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

المصدر: ISSN: 0263-0338.

مصطلحات موضوعية: [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences

الوصف: International audience ; This paper describes the lithic aggregates from Sitwe 23 (SW23), a Stone Age locality in a previously unstudied region of the northern Luangwa Valley, Zambia. This area yielded two surface lithic scatters containing abundant artifacts derived from Pleistocene sediments on uplifted terrain and exposed by recent erosion on two adjacent terraces. The scatters are time-averaged palimpsests formed by deflation, but most of the lithics lack evidence of significant fluvial transport or post-depositional damage, indicating minimal horizontal displacement. Typological and attribute analyses of samples from both spurs reveal predominantly simple and expedient core and flake technologies, as well as sophisticated biface manufacture and Levallois technique producing flakes and points that are differentially distributed between the terraces. The artifacts identified in this analysis include types conventionally considered diagnostic of the Acheulean, Sangoan, and Middle Stone Age, suggesting that the collections may document one or more temporal windows during the Chibanian age (770–126 ka). Whether artifacts in these samples were originally deposited sequentially or concurrently is not yet known and alternative hypotheses are presented and discussed. The collections are compared to sites in Zambia and the northern Lake Malawi basin and found to be similar technologically but typologically different. Given the paucity of previously known Ston Age archaeological sites in the region, our work now demonstrates that northern Luangwa has significant archaeological potential and deserves further study. ; Cet article décrit les agrégats lithiques de Sitwe 23 (SW23), un site de l'Âge de pierre situé dans une région auparavant non étudiée de la vallée septentrionale de Luangwa en Zambie. Deux dispersions lithiques en surface, sur deux terrasses adjacentes, ont été identifiées sur un terrain surélevé et exposés par une érosion récente, chacune contenant de nombreux artefacts provenant de sédiments ...

العلاقة: hal-04618279; https://hal.science/hal-04618279Test; https://hal.science/hal-04618279/documentTest; https://hal.science/hal-04618279/file/s10437-024-09581-w.pdfTest

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10437-024-09581-wTest
https://hal.science/hal-04618279Test
https://hal.science/hal-04618279/documentTest
https://hal.science/hal-04618279/file/s10437-024-09581-w.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Ruiz-Pérez, Javier, Aleman, Julie C., Veldman, Joseph W.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Charcoal analysis, Pedoanthracology, Paleofire, Fire ecology, Automatic detection, ImageJ

الوصف: This repository contains supporting information for the paper "Reproducible protocol for the extraction and semi-automated quantification of macroscopic charcoal from soil" by Javier Ruiz-Pérez, Julie C. Aleman, and Joseph W. Veldman (PLOS ONE, 2024), which is available at https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0304198Test. CAPTIONS Appendix S1. Methodology for assessing reporting practices of charcoal methods. This file describes the methodology that we used to assess the reporting practices of extraction and analysis methods of charcoal fragments from soil or sediment samples in 100 publications. Appendix S2. Description of soil samples. This file provides information on the soil samples that we used to test and validate the protocol. Dataset S1. Charcoal images. This file contains 463 JPG images taken under a light stereo microscope of the extracted charcoal from 100 soil samples along with an empty image with a scale bar. Dataset S2. Raw results from ImageJ. Output files generated by the ImageJ macro of the ... : This research was supported by the National Science Foundation under award number DEB-1931232 and USDA-NIFA McIntire-Stennis project 1016880. ...

العلاقة: https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8025494Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.802549510.5281/zenodo.8025494Test

المؤلفون: Sayedi, Sayedeh Sara, Abbott, Benjamin W., Vanniere, Boris, Leys, Berangere, Colombaroli, Daniele, Romera, Graciela Gil, Slowinski, Michal, Aleman, Julie C., Blarquez, Olivier, Feurdean, Angelica, Brown, Kendrick, Aakala, Tuomas, Alenius, Teija, Allen, Kathryn, Andric, Maja, Bergeron, Yves, Biagioni, Siria, Bradshaw, Richard, Bremond, Laurent, Brisset, Elodie, Brooks, Joseph, Brugger, Sandra O., Brussel, Thomas, Cadd, Haidee, Cagliero, Eleonora, Carcaillet, Christopher, Carter, Vachel, Catry, Filipe X., Champreux, Antoine, Chaste, Emeline, Chavardes, Raphael Daniel, Chipman, Melissa, Conedera, Marco, Connor, Simon, Constantine, Mark, Courtney Mustaphi, Colin, Dabengwa, Abraham N., Daniels, William, De Boer, Erik, Dietze, Elisabeth, Estrany, Joan, Fernandes, Paulo, Finsinger, Walter, Flantua, Suzette G. A., Fox-Hughes, Paul, Gaboriau, Dorian M., Gayo, Eugenia M., Girardin, Martin. P., Glenn, Jeffrey, Glueckler, Ramesh, Gonzalez-Arango, Catalina, Groves, Mariangelica, Hamilton, Douglas S., Hamilton, Rebecca Jenner, Hantson, Stijn, Hapsari, K. Anggi, Hardiman, Mark, Hawthorne, Donna, Hoffman, Kira, Inoue, Jun, Karp, Allison T., Krebs, Patrik, Kulkarni, Charuta, Kuosmanen, Niina, Lacourse, Terri, Ledru, Marie-Pierre, Lestienne, Marion, Long, Colin, Lopez-Saez, Jose Antonio, Loughlin, Nicholas, Niklasson, Mats, Madrigal, Javier, Maezumi, S. Yoshi, Marcisz, Katarzyna, Mariani, Michela, McWethy, David, Meyer, Grant, Molinari, Chiara, Montoya, Encarni, Mooney, Scott, Morales-Molino, Cesar, Morris, Jesse, Moss, Patrick, Oliveras, Imma, Pereira, Jose Miguel, Pezzatti, Gianni Boris, Pickarski, Nadine, Pini, Roberta, Rehn, Emma, Remy, Cecile C., Revelles, Jordi, Rius, Damien, Robin, Vincent, Ruan, Yanming, Rudaya, Natalia, Russell-Smith, Jeremy, Seppä, Heikki, Shumilovskikh, Lyudmila, Sommers, William T., Tavsanoglu, Cagatay, Umbanhowar, Charles, Urquiaga, Erickson, Urrego, Dunia, Vachula, Richard S., Wallenius, Tuomo, You, Chao, Daniau, Anne-Laure

المساهمون: Department of Geosciences and Geography, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biome, Climate change, Ecosystem services, Expert assessment, Fire regime, Holocene, Management, 1172 Environmental sciences, 1181 Ecology, evolutionary biology

الوصف: Background The global human footprint has fundamentally altered wildfire regimes, creating serious consequences for human health, biodiversity, and climate. However, it remains difficult to project how long-term interactions among land use, management, and climate change will affect fire behavior, representing a key knowledge gap for sustainable management. We used expert assessment to combine opinions about past and future fire regimes from 99 wildfire researchers. We asked for quantitative and qualitative assessments of the frequency, type, and implications of fire regime change from the beginning of the Holocene through the year 2300. Results Respondents indicated some direct human influence on wildfire since at least 12,000 years BP, though natural climate variability remained the dominant driver of fire regime change until around 5,000 years BP, for most study regions. Responses suggested a ten-fold increase in the frequency of fire regime change during the last 250 years compared with the rest of the Holocene, corresponding first with the intensification and extensification of land use and later with anthropogenic climate change. Looking to the future, fire regimes were predicted to intensify, with increases in frequency, severity, and size in all biomes except grassland ecosystems. Fire regimes showed different climate sensitivities across biomes, but the likelihood of fire regime change increased with higher warming scenarios for all biomes. Biodiversity, carbon storage, and other ecosystem services were predicted to decrease for most biomes under higher emission scenarios. We present recommendations for adaptation and mitigation under emerging fire regimes, while recognizing that management options are constrained under higher emission scenarios. Conclusion The influence of humans on wildfire regimes has increased over the last two centuries. The perspective gained from past fires should be considered in land and fire management strategies, but novel fire behavior is likely given the unprecedented human ...

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: PAGES, Past Global Changes, is funded by the Swiss Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Sciences and supported in kind by the University of Bern, Switzerland. Financial support was provided by the U.S. National Science Foundation award numbers 1916565, EAR-2011439, and EAR-2012123. Additional support was provided by the Utah Department of Natural Resources Watershed Restoration Initiative. SSS was supported by Brigham Young University Graduate Studies. MS was supported by National Science Centre, Poland (grant no. 2018/31/B/ST10/02498 and 2021/41/B/ST10/00060). JCA was supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 101026211. PF contributed within the framework of the FCT-funded project no. UIDB/04033/2020. SGAF acknowledges support from Trond Mohn Stiftelse (TMS) and University of Bergen for the startup grant 'TMS2022STG03'. JMP participation in this research was supported by the Forest Research Centre, a research unit funded by Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia I.P. (FCT ), Portugal (UIDB/00239/2020). A.-LD acknowledge PAGES, PICS CNRS 06484 project, CNRS-INSU, Region Nouvelle-Aquitaine, University of Bordeaux DRI and INQUA for workshop support.; Sayedi , S S , Abbott , B W , Vanniere , B , Leys , B , Colombaroli , D , Romera , G G , Slowinski , M , Aleman , J C , Blarquez , O , Feurdean , A , Brown , K , Aakala , T , Alenius , T , Allen , K , Andric , M , Bergeron , Y , Biagioni , S , Bradshaw , R , Bremond , L , Brisset , E , Brooks , J , Brugger , S O , Brussel , T , Cadd , H , Cagliero , E , Carcaillet , C , Carter , V , Catry , F X , Champreux , A , Chaste , E , Chavardes , R D , Chipman , M , Conedera , M , Connor , S , Constantine , M , Courtney Mustaphi , C , Dabengwa , A N , Daniels , W , De Boer , E , Dietze , E , Estrany , J , Fernandes , P , Finsinger , W , Flantua , S G A , Fox-Hughes , P , Gaboriau , D M , Gayo , E M , Girardin , M P , Glenn , J , Glueckler , R , Gonzalez-Arango , C , Groves , M , Hamilton , D S , Hamilton , R J , Hantson , S , Hapsari , K A , Hardiman , M , Hawthorne , D , Hoffman , K , Inoue , J , Karp , A T , Krebs , P , Kulkarni , C , Kuosmanen , N , Lacourse , T , Ledru , M-P , Lestienne , M , Long , C , Lopez-Saez , J A , Loughlin , N , Niklasson , M , Madrigal , J , Maezumi , S Y , Marcisz , K , Mariani , M , McWethy , D , Meyer , G , Molinari , C , Montoya , E , Mooney , S , Morales-Molino , C , Morris , J , Moss , P , Oliveras , I , Pereira , J M , Pezzatti , G B , Pickarski , N , Pini , R , Rehn , E , Remy , C C , Revelles , J , Rius , D , Robin , V , Ruan , Y , Rudaya , N , Russell-Smith , J , Seppä , H , Shumilovskikh , L , Sommers , W T , Tavsanoglu , C , Umbanhowar , C , Urquiaga , E , Urrego , D , Vachula , R S , Wallenius , T , You , C & Daniau , A-L 2024 , ' Assessing changes in global fire regimes ' , Fire Ecology , vol. 20 , no. 1 , 18 . https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-023-00237-9Test; ORCID: /0000-0003-2494-7955/work/156645905; http://hdl.handle.net/10138/573658Test; 524010d7-cd98-43f9-b746-db9565481808; 001164935400002

الإتاحة: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/573658Test

المؤلفون: Sayedi, Sara Sayedi, Abbott, Benjamin W., Vannière, Boris, Leys, Bérangère, Colombaroli, Daniele, Gil Romera, Graciela, Słowiński, Michał, Aleman, Julie C., Blarquez, Olivier, Feurdean, Angelica, Brown, Kendrick, Aakala, Tuomas, Alenius, Teija, Allen, Kathryn, Andric, Maja, Bergeron, Yves, Biagioni, Siria, Bradshaw, Richard, Bremond, Laurent, Brisset, Elodie, Brooks, Joseph, Brugger, Sandra O., Brussel, Thomas, Cadd, Haidee, Cagliero, Eleonora, Carcaillet, Christopher, Carter, Vachel, Catry, Filipe X., Champreux, Antoine, Chaste, Emeline, Chavardès, Raphaël Daniel, Chipman, Melissa, Conedera, Marco, Connor, Simon, Constantine, Mark, Courtney Mustaphi, Colin, Dabengwa, Abraham N., Daniels, William, de Boer, Erik, Dietze, Elisabeth, Estrany, Joan, Fernandes, Paulo, Finsinger, Walter, Flantua, Suzette G. A., Fox-Hughes, Paul, Gaboriau, Dorian M., Gayo, Eugenia M., Girardin, Martin P., Glenn, Jeffrey, Glückler, Ramesh, González-Arango, Catalina, Groves, Mariangelica, Hamilton, Douglas S., Hamilton, Rebecca Jenner, Hantson, Stijn, Hapsari, K Anggi, Hardiman, Mark, Hawthorne, Donna, Hoffman, Kira, Inoue, Jun, Karp, Allison T., Krebs, Patrik, Kulkarni, Charuta, Kuosmanen, Niina, Lacourse, Terri, Ledru, Marie-Pierre Ledru, Lestienne, Marion, Long, Colin, López-Sáez, José Antonio, Loughlin, Nicholas, Niklasson, Mats, Madrigal, Javier, Maezumi, S. Yoshi, Marcisz, Katarzyna, Mariani, Michela, McWethy, David, Meyer, Grant, Molinari, Chiara, Montoya, Encarni, Mooney, Scott, Morales-Molino, Cesar, Morris, Jesse, Moss, Patrick, Oliveras, Imma, Pereira, José Miguel, Pezzatti, Gianni Boris, Pickarski, Nadine, Pini, Roberta, Rehn, Emma, Remy, Cécile C., Revelles, Jordi, Rius, Damien, Robin, Vincent, Ruan, Yanming, Rudaya, Natalia, Russell-Smith, Jeremy, Seppä, Heikki, Shumilovskikh, Lyudmila, Sommers, William T., Tavşanoğlu, Çağatay, Umbanhowar, Charles, Urquiaga, Erickson, Urrego, Dunia, Vachula, Richard S., Wallenius, Tuomo, You, Chao, Daniau, Anne-Laure

الوصف: Background: The global human footprint has fundamentally altered wildfire regimes, creating serious consequences for human health, biodiversity, and climate. However, it remains difficult to project how long-term interactions among land use, management, and climate change will affect fire behavior, representing a key knowledge gap for sustainable management. We used expert assessment to combine opinions about past and future fire regimes from 99 wildfire researchers. We asked for quantitative and qualitative assessments of the frequency, type, and implications of fire regime change from the beginning of the Holocene through the year 2300. Results: Respondents indicated some direct human influence on wildfire since at least ~ 12,000 years BP, though natural climate variability remained the dominant driver of fire regime change until around 5,000 years BP, for most study regions. Responses suggested a ten-fold increase in the frequency of fire regime change during the last 250 years compared with the rest of the Holocene, corresponding first with the intensification and extensification of land use and later with anthropogenic climate change. Looking to the future, fire regimes were predicted to intensify, with increases in frequency, severity, and size in all biomes except grassland ecosystems. Fire regimes showed different climate sensitivities across biomes, but the likelihood of fire regime change increased with higher warming scenarios for all biomes. Biodiversity, carbon storage, and other ecosystem services were predicted to decrease for most biomes under higher emission scenarios. We present recommendations for adaptation and mitigation under emerging fire regimes, while recognizing that management options are constrained under higher emission scenarios. Conclusion: The influence of humans on wildfire regimes has increased over the last two centuries. The perspective gained from past fires should be considered in land and fire management strategies, but novel fire behavior is likely given the unprecedented ...

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-023-00237-9Test; https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/82359Test/; https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/82359/7/82359.pdfTest; Sayedi, Sara Sayedi, Abbott, Benjamin W., Vannière, Boris, Leys, Bérangère, Colombaroli, Daniele, Gil Romera, Graciela, Słowiński, Michał, Aleman, Julie C., Blarquez, Olivier, Feurdean, Angelica, Brown, Kendrick, Aakala, Tuomas, Alenius, Teija, Allen, Kathryn, Andric, Maja, Bergeron, Yves, Biagioni, Siria, Bradshaw, Richard, Bremond, Laurent, Brisset, Elodie, Brooks, Joseph, Brugger, Sandra O., Brussel, Thomas, Cadd, Haidee, Cagliero, Eleonora, Carcaillet, Christopher, Carter, Vachel, Catry, Filipe X., Champreux, Antoine, Chaste, Emeline, Chavardès, Raphaël Daniel, Chipman, Melissa, Conedera, Marco, Connor, Simon, Constantine, Mark, Courtney Mustaphi, Colin, Dabengwa, Abraham N., Daniels, William, de Boer, Erik, Dietze, Elisabeth, Estrany, Joan, Fernandes, Paulo, Finsinger, Walter, Flantua, Suzette G. A., Fox-Hughes, Paul, Gaboriau, Dorian M., Gayo, Eugenia M., Girardin, Martin P., Glenn, Jeffrey, Glückler, Ramesh, González-Arango, Catalina, Groves, Mariangelica, Hamilton, Douglas S., Hamilton, Rebecca Jenner, Hantson, Stijn, Hapsari, K Anggi, Hardiman, Mark, Hawthorne, Donna, Hoffman, Kira, Inoue, Jun, Karp, Allison T., Krebs, Patrik, Kulkarni, Charuta, Kuosmanen, Niina, Lacourse, Terri, Ledru, Marie-Pierre Ledru, Lestienne, Marion, Long, Colin, López-Sáez, José Antonio, Loughlin, Nicholas, Niklasson, Mats, Madrigal, Javier, Maezumi, S. Yoshi, Marcisz, Katarzyna, Mariani, Michela, McWethy, David, Meyer, Grant, Molinari, Chiara, Montoya, Encarni, Mooney, Scott, Morales-Molino, Cesar, Morris, Jesse, Moss, Patrick, Oliveras, Imma, Pereira, José Miguel, Pezzatti, Gianni Boris, Pickarski, Nadine, Pini, Roberta, Rehn, Emma, Remy, Cécile C., Revelles, Jordi, Rius, Damien, Robin, Vincent, Ruan, Yanming, Rudaya, Natalia, Russell-Smith, Jeremy, Seppä, Heikki, Shumilovskikh, Lyudmila, Sommers, William T., Tavşanoğlu, Çağatay, Umbanhowar, Charles, Urquiaga, Erickson, Urrego, Dunia, Vachula, Richard S., Wallenius, Tuomo, You, Chao, Daniau, Anne-Laure, and UNSPECIFIED (2024) Assessing changes in global fire regimes. Fire Ecology, 20. 18. pp. 1-22.

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-023-00237-9Test
https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/82359/7/82359.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Montoya, Encarnación, López-Sáez, José Antonio, Madrigal, Javier, Sayedi Sayedeh Sara, Abbott, Benjamin W., Vannière, Boris, Leys, Bérangère, Colombaroli, Daniele, Gil Romera, Graciela, Słowiński, Michał, Aleman, Julie C., Blarquez, Olivier, Feurdean, Angelica, Brown, Kendrick, Aakala, T., Alenius, T., Allen, Kathryn J., Andric, Maja, Bergeron, Yves, Biagioni, Siria, Bradshaw, Richard, Bremond, Laurent

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biome, Climate change, Ecosystem services, Expert assessment, Fire regime, Holocene, Management

الوصف: The global human footprint has fundamentally altered wildfire regimes, creating serious consequences for human health, biodiversity, and climate. However, it remains difficult to project how long-term interactions among land use, management, and climate change will affect fire behavior, representing a key knowledge gap for sustainable management. We used expert assessment to combine opinions about past and future fire regimes from 99 wildfire researchers. We asked for quantitative and qualitative assessments of the frequency, type, and implications of fire regime change from the beginning of the Holocene through the year 2300. ; This study emerged during the PAGES‑supported Global Paleofire Working Group 2 workshop “Fire history baselines by biome” held in September 2016 at Château de la Tour, Beguey (Bordeaux, France) led by A.‑L. D. and Tim Brücher.

العلاقة: Publisher's version; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s42408-023-00237-9Test; Sí; Fire Ecology 20: 18 (2024); http://hdl.handle.net/10261/347820Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-023-00237-9Test
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/347820Test

المؤلفون: Aleman, Julie, Fayolle, Adeline

المصدر: Long-Term Vegetation Change in Central Africa: The Need for an Integrated Management Framework for Forests and Savannas. In A., Gasparatos (Ed.), A., Abubakari (Ed.), M., Naidoo (Ed.), A., Karanja (Ed.), K., Fukushi (Ed.), O., Saito (Ed.), & K., Takeuchi (Ed.)Sustainability Challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa I (pp. 281-315). SingaporeSpringer Nature. (2020).

مصطلحات موضوعية: land use change, climate change, deforestation, ecosystem management, fire, protected areas, tree cover, Life sciences :: Environmental sciences & ecology, Sciences du vivant :: Sciences de l'environnement & écologie, Life sciences :: Phytobiology (plant sciences, forestry, mycology...), Sciences du vivant :: Biologie végétale (sciences végétales, sylviculture, mycologie...)

الوصف: Tropical forests and savannas are the main biomes in sub-Saharan Africa, covering most of the continent. Collectively they offer important habitat for biodiversity and provide multiple ecosystem services. Considering their global importance and the multiple sustainability challenges they face in the era of the Anthropocene, this chapter undertakes a comprehensive analysis of the past, present, and future vegetation patterns in central African forests and savannas. Past changes in climate, vegetation, land use, and human activity have affected the distribution of forests and savannas across central Africa. Currently, forests form a continuous block across the wet and moist areas of central Africa, and are characterized by high tree cover (>90% tree cover). Savannas and woodlands have lower tree cover (<40% tree cover), are found in drier sites in the north and south of the region, and are maintained by frequent fires. Recent tree cover loss (2000–2015) has been more important for forests than for savannas, which, however, reportedly experienced woody encroachment. Future cropland expansion is expected to have a strong impact on savannas, while the extent of climatic impacts depends on the actual scenario. We finally identify some of the policy implications for restoring ecosystems, expanding protected areas, and designing sustainable ecosystem management approaches in the region.

الوصول الحر: https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-981-15-4458-3Test

المؤلفون: Voigt, Claudia, Alexandre, Anne, Reiter, Ilja, M, Orts, Jean-Philippe, Vallet-Coulomb, Christine, Piel, Clément, Mazur, Jean-Charles, Aleman, Julie, C, Sonzogni, Corinne, Miche, Helene, Ogée, Jérôme

المساهمون: Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Almeria, Ecosystèmes continentaux et risques environnementaux (ECCOREV), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement IRD : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Écotron Européen de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère (UMR ISPA), Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), ANR-17-CE01-0002,HUMI-17,Dynamique passée de l'humidité atmosphérique continentale et de la végétation: apports de la triple composition isotopique de l'oxygène(2017), ANR-11-INBS-0001,ANAEE-FR,ANAEE-Services(2011)

المصدر: ISSN: 1726-4170.

مصطلحات موضوعية: [SDE]Environmental Sciences

الوصف: International audience ; Triple oxygen isotopes (17O-excess) of water are useful to trace evaporation at the soil–plant–atmosphere interface. The 17O-excess of plant silica, i.e., phytoliths, inherited from leaf water, was previously calibrated in growth chambers as a proxy of atmospheric relative humidity (RH). Here, using a model–data approach, we examine the parameters that control the triple oxygen isotope composition of bulk grass leaf water and phytoliths in natura, at the O3HP experimental platform located in the French Mediterranean area. A grass plot was equipped to measure for 1 year, all environmental and plant physiological parameters relevant for modeling the isotope composition of the grass leaf water. In particular, the triple oxygen and hydrogen isotope composition of atmospheric water vapor above the grass was measured continuously using a cavity ring-down spectrometer, and the grass leaf temperature was monitored at plot scale using an infrared (IR) radiometer. Grass leaves were collected in different seasons of the year and over a 24 h period in June. Grass leaf water was extracted by cryogenic vacuum distillation and analyzed by isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). Phytoliths were analyzed by IR–laser fluorination–IRMS after chemical extraction. We showed that the traditional Craig–Gordon steady-state model modified for grass leaves reliably predicts the triple oxygen isotope composition of leaf water during daytime but is sensitive to uncertainties on the leaf-to-air temperature difference. Deviations from isotope steady state at night are well represented in the triple oxygen isotope system and predictable by a non-steady-state model. The 17O-excess of phytoliths confirms the applicability of the 17O-excessphyto vs. RH equation established in previous growth chamber experiments. Further, it recorded average daytime RH over the growth period rather than daily RH, related to low transpiration and silicification during the night. This model–data approach highlights the utility of the triple ...

العلاقة: hal-04304247; https://hal.science/hal-04304247Test; https://hal.science/hal-04304247/documentTest; https://hal.science/hal-04304247/file/Voigt%20et%20al.,%202023.pdfTest; WOS: 001010627000001

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2161-2023Test
https://hal.science/hal-04304247Test
https://hal.science/hal-04304247/documentTest
https://hal.science/hal-04304247/file/Voigt%20et%20al.,%202023.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Goel, Nikunj, Van Vleck, Erik S., Aleman, Julie C., Staver, A. Carla

المصدر: Ecology, 2020 Dec 01. 101(12), 1-12.

الوصول الحر: https://www.jstor.org/stable/26998042Test

المؤلفون: Ruiz-Pérez, Javier¹ (AUTHOR) jruizperez@tamu.edu, Aleman, Julie C.² (AUTHOR), Veldman, Joseph W.¹ (AUTHOR)

المصدر: PLoS ONE. 7/12/2024, Vol. 19 Issue 7, p1-13. 13p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *CHARCOAL, *HUMAN-plant relationships, *DISSECTING microscopes, *VEGETATION dynamics, *SOIL testing, *SAVANNAS

مصطلحات جغرافية: BOLIVIA

مستخلص: Charcoal fragments preserved in soils or sediments are used by scientists to reconstruct fire histories and thereby improve our understanding of past vegetation dynamics and human-plant relationships. Unfortunately, most published methods for charcoal extraction and analysis are incompletely described and are therefore difficult to reproduce. To improve the standardization and replicability of soil charcoal analysis, as well as to facilitate accessibility for non-experts, we developed a detailed, step-by-step protocol to isolate charcoal from soil and to efficiently count and measure charcoal fragments. The extraction phase involves the chemical soaking and wet sieving of soils followed by the collection of macrocharcoal (≥500 μm). The analysis phase is performed semi-automatically using the open-source software ImageJ to count and measure the area, length, and width of fragments from light stereo microscope images by means of threshold segmentation. The protocol yields clean charcoal fragments, a set of charcoal images, and datasets containing total charcoal mass, number of fragments, and morphological measurements (area, length, and width) for each sample. We tested and validated the protocol on 339 soil samples from tropical savannas and forests in eastern lowland Bolivia. We hope that this protocol will be a valuable resource for scientists in a variety of fields who currently study, or wish to study, macroscopic charcoal in soils as a proxy for past fires. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]