المؤلفون: al-Mosleh, Salem, Choi, Gary P. T., Abzhanov, Arhat, Mahadevan, L.

المصدر: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021 Nov . 118(46), 1-7.

الوصول الحر: https://www.jstor.org/stable/27093906Test

المؤلفون: Rubin, Carl-Johan, Enbody, Erik D., Dobreva, Mariya P., Abzhanov, Arhat, Davis, Brian W., Lamichhaney, Sangeet, Pettersson, Mats, Sendell-Price, Ashley T., Sprehn, C. Grace, Valle, Carlos A., Vasco, Karla, Wallerman, Ola, Grant, B. Rosemary, Grant, Peter R., Andersson, Leif

المصدر: Science Advances. 8(27)

الوصف: Recent adaptive radiations are models for investigating mechanisms contributing to the evolution of biodiversity. An unresolved question is the relative importance of new mutations, ancestral variants, and introgressive hybridization for phenotypic evolution and speciation. Here, we address this issue using Darwin's finches and investigate the genomic architecture underlying their phenotypic diversity. Admixture mapping for beak and body size in the small, medium, and large ground finches revealed 28 loci showing strong genetic differentiation. These loci represent ancestral haplotype blocks with origins predating speciation events during the Darwin's finch radiation. Genes expressed in the developing beak are overrepresented in these genomic regions. Ancestral haplotypes constitute genetic modules for selection and act as key determinants of the unusual phenotypic diversity of Darwin's finches. Such ancestral haplotype blocks can be critical for how species adapt to environmental variability and change.

وصف الملف: electronic

الوصول الحر: https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-481801Test
https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abm5982Test
https://uu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1687938/FULLTEXT01.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Morris, Zachary S., Vliet, Kent A., Abzhanov, Arhat, Pierce, Stephanie E.

المصدر: Proceedings: Biological Sciences, 2019 Feb . 286(1897), 1-10.

الوصول الحر: https://www.jstor.org/stable/26616325Test

المؤلفون: Enbody, Erik, Sprehn, C. Grace, Abzhanov, Arhat, Bi, Huijuan, Dobreva, Mariya P, Osborne, Owen, Rubin, Carl-Johan, Grant, Peter, Grant, B. Rosemary, Andersson, Leif

المصدر: Enbody , E , Sprehn , C G , Abzhanov , A , Bi , H , Dobreva , M P , Osborne , O , Rubin , C-J , Grant , P , Grant , B R & Andersson , L 2021 , ' A multispecies BCO2 beak color polymorphism in the Darwin’s finch radiation ' , Current Biology , vol. 31 , no. 24 , pp. 5597-5604 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2021.09.085Test

الوصف: Carotenoid-based polymorphisms are widespread in populations of birds, fish, and reptiles, but generally little is known about the factors affecting their maintenance in populations. We report a combined field and molecular-genetic investigation of a nestling beak color polymorphism in Darwin’s finches. Beaks are pink or yellow, and yellow is recessive. Here we show that the polymorphism arose in the Galápagos half a million years ago through a mutation associated with regulatory change in the BCO2 gene and is shared by 14 descendant species. The polymorphism is probably a balanced polymorphism, maintained by ecological selection associated with survival and diet. In cactus finches, the frequency of the yellow genotype is correlated with cactus fruit abundance and greater hatching success and may be altered by introgressive hybridization. Polymorphisms that are hidden as adults, as here, may be far more common than is currently recognized, and contribute to diversification in ways that are yet to be discovered.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/researchoutputs/a-multispecies-bco2-beak-color-polymorphism-in-the-darwins-finch-radiationTest(51e53d80-81f9-4699-b191-77429b3801c6).html

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2021.09.085Test
https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/researchoutputs/a-multispecies-bco2-beak-color-polymorphism-in-the-darwins-finch-radiationTest(51e53d80-81f9-4699-b191-77429b3801c6).html
https://research.bangor.ac.uk/ws/files/71499111/CURRENT-BIOLOGY-D-21-00833_R2_Manuscript.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Enbody, Erik D., Sprehn, C. Grace, Abzhanov, Arhat, Bi, Huijuan, Dobreva, Mariya P., Osborne, Owen G., Rubin, Carl-Johan, Grant, Peter R., Grant, B. Rosemary, Andersson, Leif

مصطلحات موضوعية: Evolutionary Biology

الوصف: Carotenoid-based polymorphisms are widespread in populations of birds, fish, and reptiles,(1) but generally little is known about the factors affecting their maintenance in populations.(2) We report a combined field and molecular-genetic investigation of a nestling beak color polymorphism in Darwin's finches. Beaks are pink or yellow, and yellow is recessive.(3) Here we show that the polymorphism arose in the Galapagos half a million years ago through a mutation associated with regulatory change in the BCO2 gene and is shared by 14 descendant species. The polymorphism is probably a balanced polymorphism, maintained by ecolog- ical selection associated with survival and diet. In cactus finches, the frequency of the yellow genotype is correlated with cactus fruit abundance and greater hatching success and may be altered by introgressive hybridization. Polymorphisms that are hidden as adults, as here, may be far more common than is currently recognized, and contribute to diversification in ways that are yet to be discovered.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/26668/1/enbody_e_d_et_al_220110.pdfTest; Enbody, Erik D. and Sprehn, C. Grace and Abzhanov, Arhat and Bi, Huijuan and Dobreva, Mariya P. and Osborne, Owen G. and Rubin, Carl-Johan and Grant, Peter R. and Grant, B. Rosemary and Andersson, Leif (2021). A multispecies BCO2 beak color polymorphism in the Darwin's finch radiation. Current Biology. 31 , 5597-+ [Research article]

الإتاحة: https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/26668Test/
https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/26668/1/enbody_e_d_et_al_220110.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Morris, Zachary, Abzhanov, Arhat, Pierce, Stephanie

المصدر: The FASEB Journal ; volume 35, issue S1 ; ISSN 0892-6638 1530-6860

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.03447Test

المؤلفون: Rands, Chris M, Darling, Aaron, Fujita, Matthew, Kong, Lesheng, Webster, Matthew T, Clabaut, Céline, Emes, Richard D, Heger, Andreas, Meader, Stephen, Hawkins, Michael Brent, Eisen, Michael B, Teiling, Clotilde, Affourtit, Jason, Boese, Benjamin, Grant, Peter R, Grant, Barbara Rosemary, Eisen, Jonathan A, Abzhanov, Arhat, Ponting, Chris P

المصدر: BMC Genomics. 14(1)

الوصف: Abstract Background A classical example of repeated speciation coupled with ecological diversification is the evolution of 14 closely related species of Darwin’s (Galápagos) finches (Thraupidae, Passeriformes). Their adaptive radiation in the Galápagos archipelago took place in the last 2–3 million years and some of the molecular mechanisms that led to their diversification are now being elucidated. Here we report evolutionary analyses of genome of the large ground finch, Geospiza magnirostris. Results 13,291 protein-coding genes were predicted from a 991.0 Mb G. magnirostris genome assembly. We then defined gene orthology relationships and constructed whole genome alignments between the G. magnirostris and other vertebrate genomes. We estimate that 15% of genomic sequence is functionally constrained between G. magnirostris and zebra finch. Genic evolutionary rate comparisons indicate that similar selective pressures acted along the G. magnirostris and zebra finch lineages suggesting that historical effective population size values have been similar in both lineages. 21 otherwise highly conserved genes were identified that each show evidence for positive selection on amino acid changes in the Darwin's finch lineage. Two of these genes (Igf2r and Pou1f1) have been implicated in beak morphology changes in Darwin’s finches. Five of 47 genes showing evidence of positive selection in early passerine evolution have cilia related functions, and may be examples of adaptively evolving reproductive proteins. Conclusions These results provide insights into past evolutionary processes that have shaped G. magnirostris genes and its genome, and provide the necessary foundation upon which to build population genomics resources that will shed light on more contemporaneous adaptive and non-adaptive processes that have contributed to the evolution of the Darwin’s finches.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8rz347j9Test

المؤلفون: Lee, Hui Wai, Esteve-Altava, Borja, Abzhanov, Arhat

المساهمون: Fundación "la Caixa", Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Imperial College London, Natural History Museum (UK)

الوصف: Comparative anatomy studies of the skull of archosaurs provide insights on the mechanisms of evolution for the morphologically and functionally diverse species of crocodiles and birds. One of the key attributes of skull evolution is the anatomical changes associated with the physical arrangement of cranial bones. Here, we compare the changes in anatomical organization and modularity of the skull of extinct and extant archosaurs using an Anatomical Network Analysis approach. We show that the number of bones, their topological arrangement, and modular organization can discriminate birds from non-avian dinosaurs, and crurotarsans. We could also discriminate extant taxa from extinct species when adult birds were included. By comparing within the same framework, juveniles and adults for crown birds and alligator (Alligator mississippiensis), we find that adult and juvenile alligator skulls are topologically similar, whereas juvenile bird skulls have a morphological complexity and anisomerism more similar to those of non-avian dinosaurs and crurotarsans than of their own adult forms. Clade-specific ontogenetic differences in skull organization, such as extensive postnatal fusion of cranial bones in crown birds, can explain this pattern. The fact that juvenile and adult skulls in birds do share a similar anatomical integration suggests the presence of a specific constraint to their ontogenetic growth. ; BE-A has received fnancial support through the Postdoctoral Junior Leader Fellowship Programme from “la Caixa” Banking Foundation (LCF/BQ/LI18/11630002) and also thanks the Unidad de Excelencia María de Maeztu funded by the AEI (CEX2018-000792-M). HWL’s Master Tesis that inspired this project was funded by Imperial College London and Natural History Museum, London.

العلاقة: #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#; info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/CEX2018-000792-M; CEX2018-000792-M/AEI/10.13039/501100011033; Publisher's version; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-73083-3Test; Sí; e-issn: 2045-2322; Scientific Reports 10: 16138 (2020); http://hdl.handle.net/10261/236294Test; http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000761Test; http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011033Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-73083-3Test
https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000761Test
https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033Test
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/236294Test

المؤلفون: Camacho, Jasmin, Moon, Rachel, Smith, Samantha K., Lin, Jacky D., Randolph, Charles, Rasweiler, John J., Behringer, Richard R., Abzhanov, Arhat

المساهمون: Directorate for Biological Sciences, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Science Foundation, American Association of University Women

المصدر: EvoDevo ; volume 11, issue 1 ; ISSN 2041-9139

مصطلحات موضوعية: Developmental Biology, Genetics, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

الوصف: Background Skull diversity in the neotropical leaf-nosed bats (Phyllostomidae) evolved through a heterochronic process called peramorphosis, with underlying causes varying by subfamily. The nectar-eating (subfamily Glossophaginae) and blood-eating (subfamily Desmondontinae) groups originate from insect-eating ancestors and generate their uniquely shaped faces and skulls by extending the ancestral ontogenetic program, appending new developmental stages and demonstrating peramorphosis by hypermorphosis. However, the fruit-eating phyllostomids (subfamilies Carollinae and Stenodermatinae) adjust their craniofacial development by speeding up certain developmental processes, displaying peramorphosis by acceleration. We hypothesized that these two forms of peramorphosis detected by our morphometric studies could be explained by differential growth and investigated cell proliferation during craniofacial morphogenesis. Results We obtained cranial tissues from four wild-caught bat species representing a range of facial diversity and labeled mitotic cells using immunohistochemistry. During craniofacial development, all bats display a conserved spatiotemporal distribution of proliferative cells with distinguishable zones of elevated mitosis. These areas were identified as modules by the spatial distribution analysis. Ancestral state reconstruction of proliferation rates and patterns in the facial module between species provided support, and a degree of explanation, for the developmental mechanisms underlying the two models of peramorphosis. In the long-faced species, Glossophaga soricina , whose facial shape evolved by hypermorphosis, cell proliferation rate is maintained at lower levels and for a longer period of time compared to the outgroup species Miniopterus natalensis . In both species of studied short-faced fruit bats, Carollia perspicillata and Artibeus jamaicensis , which evolved under the acceleration model, cell proliferation rate is increased compared to the outgroup. Conclusions This is the first study ...

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13227-020-00156-9Test

المؤلفون: Abzhanov, Arhat, Protas, Meredith, Grant, B. Rosemary, Grant, Peter R., Tabin, Clifford J.

المصدر: Science, 2004 Sep 01. 305(5689), 1462-1465.

الوصول الحر: https://www.jstor.org/stable/3837825Test