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  1. 1
    دورية أكاديمية

    المؤلفون: Sartelli, Massimo, Labricciosa, Francesco M., Barbadoro, Pamela, Pagani, Leonardo, Ansaloni, Luca, Brink, Adrian J., Carlet, Jean, Khanna, Ashish, Chichom-Mefire, Alain, Coccolini, Federico, Di Saverio, Salomone, May, Addison K., Viale, Pierluigi, Watkins, Richard R., Scudeller, Luigia, Abbo, Lilian M., Abu-Zidan, Fikri M., Adesunkanmi, Abdulrashid K., Al-Dahir, Sara, Al-Hasan, Majdi N., Alis, Halil, Alves, Carlos, Araujo da Silva, André R., Augustin, Goran, Bala, Miklosh, Barie, Philip S., Beltrán, Marcelo A., Bhangu, Aneel, Bouchra, Belefquih, Brecher, Stephen M., Caínzos, Miguel A., Camacho-Ortiz, Adrian, Catani, Marco, Chandy, Sujith J., Jusoh, Asri Che, Cherry-Bukowiec, Jill R., Chiara, Osvaldo, Colak, Elif, Cornely, Oliver A., Cui, Yunfeng, Demetrashvili, Zaza, De Simone, Belinda, De Waele, Jan J., Dhingra, Sameer, Di Marzo, Francesco, Dogjani, Agron, Dorj, Gereltuya, Dortet, Laurent, Duane, Therese M., Elmangory, Mutasim M., Enani, Mushira A., Ferrada, Paula, Esteban Foianini, J., Gachabayov, Mahir, Gandhi, Chinmay, Ghnnam, Wagih Mommtaz, Giamarellou, Helen, Gkiokas, Georgios, Gomi, Harumi, Goranovic, Tatjana, Griffiths, Ewen A., Guerra Gronerth, Rosio I., Haidamus Monteiro, Julio C., Hardcastle, Timothy C., Hecker, Andreas, Hodonou, Adrien M., Ioannidis, Orestis, Isik, Arda, Iskandar, Katia A., Kafil, Hossein S., Kanj, Souha S., Kaplan, Lewis J., Kapoor, Garima, Karamarkovic, Aleksandar R., Kenig, Jakub, Kerschaever, Ivan, Khamis, Faryal, Khokha, Vladimir, Kiguba, Ronald, Kim, Hong B., Ko, Wen-Chien, Koike, Kaoru, Kozlovska, Iryna, Kumar, Anand, Lagunes, Leonel, Latifi, Rifat, Lee, Jae G., Lee, Young R., Leppäniemi, Ari, Li, Yousheng, Liang, Stephen Y., Lowman, Warren, Machain, Gustavo M., Maegele, Marc, Major, Piotr, Malama, Sydney, Manzano-Nunez, Ramiro, Marinis, Athanasios, Martinez Casas, Isidro, Marwah, Sanjay, Maseda, Emilio, McFarlane, Michael E., Memish, Ziad, Mertz, Dominik, Mesina, Cristian, Mishra, Shyam K., Moore, Ernest E., Munyika, Akutu, Mylonakis, Eleftherios, Napolitano, Lena, Negoi, Ionut, Nestorovic, Milica D., Nicolau, David P., Omari, Abdelkarim H., Ordonez, Carlos A., Paiva, José-Artur, Pant, Narayan D., Parreira, Jose G., Pędziwiatr, Michal, Pereira, Bruno M., Ponce-de-Leon, Alfredo, Poulakou, Garyphallia, Preller, Jacobus, Pulcini, Céline, Pupelis, Guntars, Quiodettis, Martha, Rawson, Timothy M., Reis, Tarcisio, Rems, Miran, Rizoli, Sandro, Roberts, Jason, Pereira, Nuno Rocha, Rodríguez-Baño, Jesús, Sakakushev, Boris, Sanders, James, Santos, Natalia, Sato, Norio, Sawyer, Robert G., Scarpelini, Sandro, Scoccia, Loredana, Shafiq, Nusrat, Shelat, Vishalkumar, Sifri, Costi D., Siribumrungwong, Boonying, Søreide, Kjetil, Soto, Rodolfo, de Souza, Hamilton P., Talving, Peep, Trung, Ngo Tat, Tessier, Jeffrey M., Tumbarello, Mario, Ulrych, Jan, Uranues, Selman, Van Goor, Harry, Vereczkei, Andras, Wagenlehner, Florian, Xiao, Yonghong, Yuan, Kuo-Ching, Wechsler-Fördös, Agnes, Zahar, Jean-Ralph, Zakrison, Tanya L., Zuckerbraun, Brian, Zuidema, Wietse P., Catena, Fausto

    مرشدي الرسالة: Univ Arizona, Dept Surg, Div Trauma

    مصطلحات موضوعية: Antibiotics, Infections, Surgery, Antimicrobial stewardship

    الوصف: Background: Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASPs) have been promoted to optimize antimicrobial usage and patient outcomes, and to reduce the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant organisms. However, the best strategies for an ASP are not definitively established and are likely to vary based on local culture, policy, and routine clinical practice, and probably limited resources in middle-income countries. The aim of this study is to evaluate structures and resources of antimicrobial stewardship teams (ASTs) in surgical departments from different regions of the world. Methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted in 2016 on 173 physicians who participated in the AGORA (Antimicrobials: A Global Alliance for Optimizing their Rational Use in Intra-Abdominal Infections) project and on 658 international experts in the fields of ASPs, infection control, and infections in surgery. Results: The response rate was 19.4%. One hundred fifty-six (98.7%) participants stated their hospital had a multidisciplinary AST. The median number of physicians working inside the team was five [interquartile range 4-6]. An infectious disease specialist, a microbiologist and an infection control specialist were, respectively, present in 80.1, 76.3, and 67.9% of the ASTs. A surgeon was a component in 59.0% of cases and was significantly more likely to be present in university hospitals (89.5%, p < 0.05) compared to community teaching (83.3%) and community hospitals (66.7%). Protocols for pre-operative prophylaxis and for antimicrobial treatment of surgical infections were respectively implemented in 96.2 and 82.3% of the hospitals. The majority of the surgical departments implemented both persuasive and restrictive interventions (72.8%). The most common types of interventions in surgical departments were dissemination of educational materials (62.5%), expert approval (61.0%), audit and feedback (55.1%), educational outreach (53.7%), and compulsory order forms (51.5%). Conclusion: The survey showed a heterogeneous organization of ASPs worldwide, demonstrating the necessity of a multidisciplinary and collaborative approach in the battle against antimicrobial resistance in surgical infections, and the importance of educational efforts towards this goal.

  2. 2
    دورية أكاديمية

    المساهمون: Örebro University

    المصدر: European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery ; volume 49, issue 1, page 57-67 ; ISSN 1863-9933 1863-9941

    الوصف: Introduction The COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic drove acute care surgeons to pivot from long established practice patterns. Early safety concerns regarding increased postoperative complication risk in those with active COVID infection promoted antibiotic-driven non-operative therapy for select conditions ahead of an evidence-base. Our study assesses whether active or recent SARS-CoV-2 positivity increases hospital length of stay (LOS) or postoperative complications following appendectomy. Methods Data were derived from the prospective multi-institutional observational SnapAppy cohort study. This preplanned data analysis assessed consecutive patients aged ≥ 15 years who underwent appendectomy for appendicitis (November 2020–May 2021). Patients were categorized based on SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity: no infection, active infection, and prior infection. Appendectomy method, LOS, and complications were abstracted. The association between SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity and complications was determined using Poisson regression, while the association with LOS was calculated using a quantile regression model. Results Appendectomy for acute appendicitis was performed in 4047 patients during the second and third European COVID waves. The majority were SARS-CoV-2 uninfected (3861, 95.4%), while 70 (1.7%) were acutely SARS-CoV-2 positive, and 116 (2.8%) reported prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. After confounder adjustment, there was no statistically significant association between SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity and LOS, any complication, or severe complications. Conclusion During sequential SARS-CoV-2 infection waves, neither active nor prior SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with prolonged hospital LOS or postoperative complication. Despite early concerns regarding postoperative safety and outcome during active SARS-CoV-2 infection, no such association was noted for those with appendicitis who underwent operative management.

  3. 3
    دورية أكاديمية

    المساهمون: Örebro University

    المصدر: European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery ; volume 49, issue 1, page 45-56 ; ISSN 1863-9933 1863-9941

    الوصف: Introduction Acute appendicitis is a common surgical emergency, and the standard approach to diagnosis and management has been codified in several practice guidelines. Adherence to these guidelines provides insight into independent surgical practice patterns and institutional resource constraints as impediments to best practice. We explored data from the recent ESTES SnapAppy observational cohort study to determine guideline compliance in contemporary practice to identify opportunities to close evidence-to-practice gaps. Methods We undertook a preplanned analysis of the ESTES SnapAppy observational cohort study, identifying, at a patient level, congruence with, or deviation from WSES Jerusalem guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acute appendicitis and the Surviving Sepsis Campaign in our cohort. Compliance was then correlated with the incidence of postoperative complications. Results Four thousand six hundred and thirteen (4613) consecutive adult and adolescent patients with acute appendicitis were followed from date of admission (November 1, 2020, and May 28, 2021) for 90 days. Patient-level compliance with guideline elements allowed patients to be grouped into those with full compliance (all 5 elements: 13%), partial compliance (1–4 elements: 87%) or noncompliance (0 elements: 0.2%). We identified an excess postoperative complication rate in patients who received noncompliant and partially compliant care, compared with those who received fully guideline-compliant care (36% and 16%, versus 7.3%, p < 0.001). Conclusions The observed diagnostic and treatment practices of the participating institutions displayed variability in compliance with key recommendations from existing guidelines. In general, practice was congruent with recommendations for preoperative antibiotic surgical site infection prophylaxis administration, time to surgery, and operative approach. However, there remains opportunities for improvement in the choice of diagnostic imaging modality, postoperative antibiotic ...

  4. 4
    دورية أكاديمية

    المساهمون: Örebro University

    المصدر: European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery ; volume 49, issue 1, page 17-32 ; ISSN 1863-9933 1863-9941

    الوصف: Introduction Surgically managed appendicitis exhibits great heterogeneity in techniques for mesoappendix transection and appendix amputation from its base. It is unclear whether a particular surgical technique provides outcome benefit or reduces complications. Material and methods We undertook a pre-specified subgroup analysis of all patients who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy at index admission during SnapAppy (ClinicalTrials.gov Registration: NCT04365491). We collected routine, anonymized observational data regarding surgical technique, patient demographics and indices of disease severity, without change to clinical care pathway or usual surgeon preference. Outcome measures of interest were the incidence of complications, unplanned reoperation, readmission, admission to the ICU, death, hospital length of stay, and procedure duration. We used Poisson regression models with robust standard errors to calculate incident rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Three-thousand seven hundred sixty-eight consecutive adult patients, included from 71 centers in 14 countries, were followed up from date of admission for 90 days. The mesoappendix was divided hemostatically using electrocautery in 1564(69.4%) and an energy device in 688(30.5%). The appendix was amputated by division of its base between looped ligatures in 1379(37.0%), with a stapler in 1421(38.1%) and between clips in 929(24.9%). The technique for securely dividing the appendix at its base in acutely inflamed (AAST Grade 1) appendicitis was equally divided between division between looped ligatures, clips and stapled transection. However, the technique used differed in complicated appendicitis (AAST Grade 2 +) compared with uncomplicated (Grade 1), with a shift toward transection of the appendix base by stapler (58% vs. 38%; p < 0.001). While no statistical difference in outcomes could be detected between different techniques for division of appendix base, decreased risk of any [adjusted IRR (95% CI): 0.58 (0.41–0.82), ...

  5. 5
    دورية أكاديمية
  6. 6
    دورية أكاديمية
  7. 7
    دورية أكاديمية
  8. 8
    دورية أكاديمية
  9. 9
    دورية أكاديمية

    المصدر: Cirugía Andaluza, ISSN 1130-3212, Vol. 30, Nº. 1, 2019, pags. 113-123

    الوصف: Treatment with anticoagulants is widely used in clinical practice as well as prophylaxis in patients at risk of developing thromboembolic phenomena or as treatment in those who have presented a thrombotic event. It is increasingly common to face patients on anticoagulant treatment who will be in an Emergency Unit secondary to trauma, so it is important and necessary to know the perioperative management of the different anticoagulant drugs, to reduce the risks and complications associated with the suspension. or maintenance of these in the perioperative period. To achieve this goal, the risk of bleeding versus the risk of thromboembolic events should be evaluated and balanced, considering the medical condition of each patient and the type of surgical procedure that will be received. The risk of thrombosis must be measured with the potential risk of bleeding, which also depends on the characteristics of the patient and the surgical procedure to be performed. In patients in whom the risk of hemorrhage contraindicates the use of prophylaxis with anticoagulant drugs, it would be necessary to resort to the use of mechanical means. ; El tratamiento con anticoagulantes es ampliamente utilizada en la práctica clínica tanto como profilaxis en pacientes con riesgo de presentar fenómenos tromboembólicos o como tratamiento en aquellos que han presentado algún evento trombótico. Cada vez es más frecuente enfrentarse a pacientes en tratamiento anticoagulante que serán en una Unidad de Urgencias secundarios a un trauma, por lo que es importante y necesario conocer el manejo perioperatorio de los diferentes fármacos anticoagulantes, para disminuir los riesgos y complicaciones asociados a la suspensión o mantención de estos en el período perioperatorio. Para lograr este objetivo se debe evaluar y balancear el riesgo de sangrado versus el riesgo de eventos tromboembólicos, considerando la condición médica de cada paciente y el tipo de procedimiento quirúrgico que recibirá. El riesgo de trombosis hay que medirlo con el potencial ...

    وصف الملف: application/pdf

    العلاقة: https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/oaiart?codigo=9023413Test; (Revista) ISSN 2695-3811; (Revista) ISSN 1130-3212

  10. 10
    دورية أكاديمية

    المصدر: Cirugía Andaluza, ISSN 1130-3212, Vol. 30, Nº. 1, 2019, pags. 83-86

    الوصف: Introduction: recently, Point of Care Ultrasound (POCUS) has extended its applications. The aim of the study was to analyse the value of POCUS in the hands of surgeons for daily practice decision making. Methods: prospective observational study, five surgeons in two hospitals performed POCUS to diagnose patients with acute abdomen or soft tissue infection. POCUS results were collected in a prospective database and compared with posterior conventional radiologist-performed results (either US or CT) and/or diagnosis at surgery. χ2 and Student t test were used for statistical analysis. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were calculated to compare with standard. Results: during 16 months, 228 POCUS were performed in the study period to patients aged 44,5±22 years old. POCUS were divided in categories according to suspected diagnosis: RLQ pain (104), LLQ pain (13), RUQ pain (49), hernia (19), bowel obstruction (7), soft tissue infections (26) and postoperative abdominal complication (10). 75% of patients have posterior conventional radiologist test. Surgery was finally performed in 120 patients (30% without radiologist confirmation). Overall success rate for POCUS was 87%, without significative differences between centers. POCUS success rate was different when considering suspected diagnosis separately (p=0.018). Matches’ percentage between POCUS and radiologist diagnosis was 82%. POCUS success rate in patients operated straight after test was 85%. Finally, POCUS showed 90% sensitivity, 91% specificity, 95% PPV and 84% NPV. for surgical disease diagnosis. Conclusions: POCUS in the hands of ACS offers similar results than conventional radiologist-performed tests for surgical disease diagnosis and it’s useful in the decision making process. ; Introducción: en los últimos años, la ecografía "point of care" (EPC) ha extendido sus aplicaciones. El objetivo del estudio es valorar sus resultados, realizada por cirujanos generales en urgencias para la toma de decisiones. Material y métodos: ...

    وصف الملف: application/pdf

    العلاقة: https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/oaiart?codigo=9023408Test; (Revista) ISSN 2695-3811; (Revista) ISSN 1130-3212