المؤلفون: Mehdizadeh, Milad, Ardameh, Saleh, Nordfjaern, Trond

المصدر: Transportation Letters; Mar2023, Vol. 15 Issue 2, p152-161, 10p

مصطلحات موضوعية: PLANNED behavior theory, MOTOR vehicle driving, CONTROL (Psychology), PSYCHOLOGICAL factors, LATENT variables, OLDER automobile drivers

مستخلص: Using a roadside survey among 1026 drivers and recording actual mean speed of vehicles, we develop a hybrid speed choice model to investigate the simultaneous effects of latent psychological and manifest variables in speed choice analysis. The latent variable part measures psychological factors derived from the theory of planned behavior (TPB). The results show that most factors of the TPB including attitudes, perceived behavioral control and intentions significantly predicted speed choice behavior. Females and older drivers (>60 years) have stronger attitudes and intentions to comply with the speed limit, which in turn, are positively related to slow driving behavior (<100 km/h) in freeways. Policy-scenario analyses show that an enhancement (one-point increase in the Likert scale) in attitudes and intentions to comply with the speed limit range would decrease the share of fast driving (>120 km/h) by around 5.5% (from 15% to 9.5%) and 3.5% (from 15% to 11.5%), respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Nordfjaern, Trond, Mehdizadeh, Milad, Fallah Zavareh, Mohsen

المصدر: Frontiers in Psychology; 5/13/2021, Vol. 11, pN.PAG-N.PAG, 9p

مصطلحات موضوعية: COVID-19, SOCIAL psychology, HEALTH attitudes, FATE & fatalism, OPTIMISM, COLLEGE students

مصطلحات جغرافية: TEHRAN (Iran)

مستخلص: The potential of mitigating the spreading rate and consequences of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) currently depends on adherence to sanitary protocols (e.g., hand hygiene and social distancing). The current study aimed to investigate the role of fatalism and comparative optimism for adherence to COVID-19 protocols. We also tested whether these factors are directly associated with adherence or associated through attitudinal mediation. The results were based on a web survey conducted among university students (n = 370) in Tehran, Iran. The respondents completed a multidimensional measure of fatalism (general fatalism, internality, and luck) and measures of comparative optimism, attitudes toward COVID-19 health measures, and adherence. The estimated structural equation model explained approximately 40% of the total variance in attitudes toward COVID-19 protocols and adherence. As expected, high internality was associated with stronger adherence, whereas luck was associated with weaker adherence. Comparative optimism was more strongly associated with adherence than fatalism, and somewhat unexpectedly comparative optimism was associated with stronger adherence. Analyses of direct and indirect effects suggested that fatalism was mainly mediated through attitudes, whereas comparative optimism had both direct and mediated effects. The findings are discussed in relation to the role of these social psychological factors for COVID-19 mitigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Nordfjærn, Trond¹ (AUTHOR) trond.nordfjarn@ntnu.no, Lind, Hans Brende¹ (AUTHOR), Şimşekoğlu, Özlem² (AUTHOR), Jørgensen, Stig Halvard³ (AUTHOR), Lund, Ingunn Olea⁴ (AUTHOR), Rundmo, Torbjørn¹ (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Transport Policy. Nov2019, Vol. 83, p88-96. 9p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *SUSTAINABLE transportation, *METROPOLITAN areas, SOCIAL perception, CHOICE of transportation, PSYCHOLOGICAL factors, ENVIRONMENTAL reporting, SOCIAL factors

مستخلص: This article is based on a study that investigated social cognitive psychological factors associated with economic thresholds related to using public or other sustainable transport modes. A survey was conducted using a random sample of the Norwegian population living in the six largest urban regions (n = 1039). The respondents were asked to indicate the monthly increase in car taxes and fees that they would perceive necessary to make them use sustainable transport modes instead of their private car. The findings revealed that those who perceived themselves as definitive car users (strongly reluctant to change transport mode) reported low tolerance of push measures, low awareness of and ascription of responsibility for the consequences of car use, and weak environmental norms. Environmental norms, attitudes towards transport and push measure tolerance were the strongest predictors of the respondents belonging to either the lowest or the highest threshold groups. The authors conclude that measures aimed at increasing the costs of car use and improving the accessibility of public transport in urban areas could be supplemented by social cognitive factors. • Psychological factors were tested related to thresholds for transport mode change. • Car costs increase of EUR 128–191 a month may push 54% to a mode shift. • Individuals with high thresholds reported weak environmental norms. • They also held car-friendly attitudes and a low tolerance for push measures. • Environmental norms, attitudes and push tolerance discriminated the thresholds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Nordfjærn, Trond¹ (AUTHOR) trond.nordfjarn@ntnu.no, Egset, Kaja Solland¹ (AUTHOR), Mehdizadeh, Milad² (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Transport Policy. Sep2019, Vol. 81, p45-53. 9p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *PUBLIC transit, *SUSTAINABLE transportation, COLLEGE students, PSYCHOLOGICAL factors, AUTOMOBILE ownership, CHOICE of transportation, COLLEGE campuses

مصطلحات جغرافية: NORWAY, TRONDHEIM (Norway)

مستخلص: The aim of this study was to investigate the relative roles of the norm activation model (NAM), transport priorities and situational constraints (car ownership, distances, gender and age) while considering spatial heterogeneity on university trips among students in the winter season. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among university students (n = 441) at the two largest university campuses in Trondheim (Dragvoll and Gløshaugen), Norway. Linear mixed model analyses showed that Dragvoll campus, allocated in a rural area of the city, was associated with more use of car and public transportation (bus or tram), and less active transportation (walking or bicycling) than Gløshaugen campus which is located in an urban area. While adjusting for spatial heterogeneity, the findings showed that situational constraints were somewhat more important for mode use than psychological variables. Car ownership was associated with more car use and less use of public transportation. Longer walking time from students' residence to university was related to more use of public transportation and less active transportation. Strong priorities of physical activity were related to less public transportation mode use and more use of active transportation. Increased awareness of the negative consequences of car use was associated with more use of active transportation and less car use. Those who strongly prioritized convenience when choosing transportation modes tended to use a car. To further promote sustainable transportation mode use on university trips among Norwegian students it may valid to focus on situational constraints. However, psychological variables such as the awareness of consequences component in the NAM and psychological priorities could also be relevant for students' mode use in this season. • Psychological factors were examined related to mode use in the winter. • The study also considered the effect of spatial heterogeneity. • Students used more public transport and car to the rural campus. • Students used more active transport to the urban campus. • Situational constraints may be more important than psychological factors in winter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Nordfjærn, Trond¹ nordfjar@gmail.com, Simsekoglu, Özlem^2,3, Rundmo, Torbjørn^1,2

المصدر: Transportation Research: Part F. Oct2016 Part 1, Vol. 42, p70-79. 10p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *PUBLIC transit, *DEMOGRAPHY, ELECTRIC automobiles, PSYCHOLOGICAL factors

مصطلحات جغرافية: NORWAY

مستخلص: Research regarding perceptions of mode alternatives to a motorized car may yield essential information about the modes that people are likely to use if they reduce their motorized car use. These perceptions are likely to be associated with demographics, spatial factors and psychological variables. The current study aims to investigate the relative role of such factors for perceived transport alternatives to a motorized car in an urban motorized Norwegian sample. The study is based on a survey conducted in a random representative sample of individuals with car access ( n = 878) residing in the six largest urban areas in Norway. The results reflected that demographics, spatial and psychological factors relate to perceived mode alternatives and their relative role seems to differ according to the mode alternatives in question. Low income, basic education and low annual mileage were related to a high probability of considering public transport as an alternative to motorized car use. Individuals who did not perceive public transport mode use as a sign of low social status and had a weak self-determination to use a motorized car also had higher probability of considering public transport. Priorities of flexibility reduced the likelihood of considering public transport as an alternative to motorized car use. Practical barriers, such as travel distance and weather conditions, were associated with a low probability of considering active transport (i.e. walking and bicycling). Priorities of flexibility were also related to a low probability of considering active transport. Low annual mileage, less self-determination regarding car use and pro-environmental attitudes were associated with flexible considerations of mode alternatives. Mode shift interventions need to take demographic, spatial as well as psychological factors into consideration. The interventions may improve the effectiveness when they are differentiated according to the specific transport modes that they aim to promote. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Mehdizadeh, Milad, Nordfjaern, Trond, Mamdoohi, AmirReza

المصدر: Transportation; Mar2018, Vol. 45 Issue 2, p523-543, 21p, 1 Diagram, 7 Charts, 1 Map

مصطلحات موضوعية: PSYCHOLOGY of parents, CHILDREN, MODE choice analysis, SOCIOECONOMIC factors, BUILT environment, MULTILEVEL models

مصطلحات جغرافية: IRAN

مستخلص: This research investigated the role of parental psychological and socio-economic factors as well as built environment for the choice of their children’s (primary school pupils, aged 7-9 years) travel mode to school in Rasht, Iran. A total of 1078 questionnaires were distributed (return rate of 80 percent) among pupils in nine primary schools in January 2014. A mixed logit (ML) model was employed due to its ability to test heterogeneity among parents and also to determine its possible sources. Results of random coefficient ML modelling showed that several psychological, socio-economic and built environment characteristics were significant factors in parental mode choice. Only walking time perception to school had a significant random normal distribution coefficient and no other psychological and socio-economic variable had a random effect. Further investigation by random coefficient analysis showed that the possible source of household preference heterogeneity could be to own two or more cars. Regarding psychological variables, strong parental worry about their children walking alone to school had a negative impact on allowing them to walk to school. Parents who evaluated poor contextual and design preconditions for walking tended to choose school service more than private car and walking. Parents with stronger environmental personal norms were more willing to allow their children to walk. The findings suggest that infrastructural measures, such as sidewalk facilities, neighborhood security and safety, encourage parents to allow children to walk to school. Information campaigns targeting environmental norms may increase walking among pupils in an Iranian setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Nordfjærn, Trond¹ tn@sirus.no, Rundmo, Torbjørn²

المصدر: Safety Science. Mar2015, Vol. 73, p15-22. 8p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *EMPLOYEE motivation, *PERSONALITY, *NORWEGIANS, *EMOTIONAL state, *PSYCHOLOGICAL factors, *RISK perception

مستخلص: There is insufficient knowledge regarding the role of personality traits, transport-related risk cognitions and safety motivation for demand for transport risk mitigation. The aim of this study is to test a model aimed to predict public demand for transport risk mitigation by these psychological risk constructs. A mailed self-completion questionnaire survey was conducted in a random sample of the Norwegian population aged 18–65 years obtained from the Norwegian population registry ( n = 1947). Results from structural equation modelling supported the hypothesis that sensation seeking, normlessness, risk cognitions and transport-related worry had mediated associations with demand for transport risk mitigation through safety motivation. There were no differences in the strength of associations related to gender and age. The findings are discussed in relation to personality-entailed measures as well as the link between cognitive and emotional approaches to transport risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]