تقرير
Thymic hyperplasia following double immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in two patients with stage IV melanoma.
| العنوان: | Thymic hyperplasia following double immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in two patients with stage IV melanoma. |
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| المؤلفون: | Mencel, Justin, Gargett, Tessa, Karanth, Narayan, Pokorny, Adrian, Brown, Michael P, Charakidis, Michail |
| سنة النشر: | 2019 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | checkpoint inhibitors, immunotherapy, ipilimumab, melanoma, nivolumab, thymic hyperplasia |
| الوصف: | Hyperplasia of the thymus is commonly seen in myasthenia gravis and other autoimmune disorders. Thymic size also varies with age, corticosteroid use, infections, and inflammatory disease. Although thymic hyperplasia has been described following chemotherapy, there is no known association of true thymic hyperplasia with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. We present two cases of suspected true thymic hyperplasia in patients with stage IV melanoma who were treated with the combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab, which was complicated by immune-related toxicity requiring corticosteroid therapy, and then subsequently also by secondary hypoadrenalism requiring replacement hydrocortisone. In one patient, histological and flurocytometric analyses of an incisional biopsy of the thymus revealed findings consistent with true thymic hyperplasia. In the other case, the stable fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/Computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) findings were consistent also with true thymic hyperplasia. These are the first described cases of true thymic hyperplasia following combination immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for metastatic melanoma. We hypothesize that the true thymic hyperplasia in these cases results from initial lymphocyte depletion caused by intense corticosteroid therapy followed by rebound thymic hyperplasia during the period of relative hypocortisolism, which may have been aggravated by the onset of secondary hypoadrenalism. |
| نوع الوثيقة: | report |
| اللغة: | English |
| العلاقة: | Asia-Pacific journal of clinical oncology 2019-08-01; https://hdl.handle.net/10137/7725Test; Asia-Pacific journal of clinical oncology; https://www.ezpdhcs.nt.gov.au/login?url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed//31373116Test; orcid:0000-0002-1097-7953; Department of Medicine, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia. Cancer Clinical Trials Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.; Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.; Department of Medicine, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.; Cancer Clinical Trials Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. |
| DOI: | 10.1111/ajco.13233 |
| الإتاحة: | https://doi.org/10.1111/ajco.13233Test https://hdl.handle.net/10137/7725Test https://www.ezpdhcs.nt.gov.au/login?url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed//31373116Test |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsbas.D79B7374 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | BASE |
| DOI: | 10.1111/ajco.13233 |
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