التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
| العنوان: |
Immunological characterization of a VIR protein family member (VIR-14) in Plasmodium vivax-infected subjects from different epidemiological regions in Africa and South America. |
| المؤلفون: |
Fantin, Raianna F., Coelho, Camila H., Berhe, Anne D., Magalhães, Luisa M. D., Pereira, Dhélio B., Salinas, Nichole D., Tolia, Niraj H., Amaratunga, Chanaki, Suon, Seila, Sagara, Issaka, Narum, David L., Fujiwara, Ricardo T., Abejon, Claudia, Campos-Neto, Antonio, Duffy, Patrick E., Bueno, Lilian L. |
| المصدر: |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases; 4/7/2023, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p1-23, 23p |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: |
MOLECULAR biology, B cell receptors, DISEASE eradication, ANTIBODY formation, B cells, PLASMODIUM |
| مصطلحات جغرافية: |
MALI, CAMBODIA, BRAZIL |
| مستخلص: |
Plasmodium vivax is a major challenge for malaria control due to its wide geographic distribution, high frequency of submicroscopic infections, and ability to induce relapses due to the latent forms present in the liver (hypnozoites). Deepening our knowledge of parasite biology and its molecular components is key to develop new tools for malaria control and elimination. This study aims to investigate and characterize a P. vivax protein (PvVir14) for its role in parasite biology and its interactions with the immune system. We collected sera or plasma from P.vivax-infected subjects in Brazil (n = 121) and Cambodia (n = 55), and from P. falciparum-infected subjects in Mali (n = 28), to assess antibody recognition of PvVir14. Circulating antibodies against PvVir14 appeared in 61% and 34.5% of subjects from Brazil and Cambodia, respectively, versus none (0%) of the P. falciparum-infected subjects from Mali who have no exposure to P. vivax. IgG1 and IgG3 most frequently contributed to anti-PvVir14 responses. PvVir14 antibody levels correlated with those against other well-characterized sporozoite/liver (PvCSP) and blood stage (PvDBP-RII) antigens, which were recognized by 7.6% and 42% of Brazilians, respectively. Concerning the cellular immune profiling of Brazilian subjects, PvVir14 seroreactive individuals displayed significantly higher levels of circulating atypical (CD21− CD27−) B cells, raising the possibility that atypical B cells may be contribute to the PvVir14 antibody response. When analyzed at a single-cell level, the B cell receptor gene hIGHV3-23 was only seen in subjects with active P.vivax infection where it comprised 20% of V gene usage. Among T cells, CD4+ and CD8+ levels differed (lower and higher, respectively) between subjects with versus without antibodies to PvVir14, while NKT cell levels were higher in those without antibodies. Specific B cell subsets, anti-PvVir14 circulating antibodies, and NKT cell levels declined after treatment of P. vivax. This study provides the immunological characterization of PvVir14, a unique P. vivax protein, and possible association with acute host's immune responses, providing new information of specific host-parasite interaction. Trial registration: TrialClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00663546 & ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02334462. Author summary: Plasmodium vivax is one of the main species causing malaria around the globe, thus the development of control tools are needed if progress is to be made towards malaria elimination. Among them, vaccines are a crucial one, since it's been proven that a well-established immunization program can save millions of lives a year. Although the development of vaccines against malaria have had substantial progress in the last decade, most of the efforts are concentrated towards Plasmodium falciparum. In this study, the authors aimed to investigate the potential role of a recently P. vivax-protein (PvVir14) discovered in the urine of infected subjects from the Brazilian Amazon. Initial findings showed that, although the protein elicits a higher frequency of antibodies among the Brazilian population (where it was first discovered), antibody titers were also found within African populations exposed and/or infected by P. Vivax. Interestingly, populations exposed to P. falciparum only did not have any immune responses against the protein, indicating that it is exclusive to vivax. Discovering key antigens is one of the most important steps towards the development of control tools. These findings provide the first characterization of naturally acquired antibody responses from different malaria regions against a new and promising target. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| قاعدة البيانات: |
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