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المؤلفون: Amanda J. Barnier, Celia B. Harris, John Sutton, Amee Baird, Laurie A. Miller, Sophia A. Harris
المصدر: NeuroRehabilitation. 45:385-400
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, 030506 rehabilitation, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Memory performance, Developmental psychology, Task (project management), 03 medical and health sciences, Epilepsy, 0302 clinical medicine, Memory, medicine, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Cognitive skill, Social Behavior, Acquired brain injury, Aged, Recall, Autobiographical memory, Rehabilitation, Social Support, Cognition, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Semantics, Brain Injuries, Mental Recall, Female, Neurology (clinical), 0305 other medical science, Psychology, Psychomotor Performance, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
الوصف: BACKGROUND Intimate couples can become cognitively interdependent over time. If one member of the couple has a neurological condition with associated cognitive impairments, their partner can support or 'scaffold' their cognitive functioning through collaboration. OBJECTIVE We explored the phenomenon of 'collaborative memory' in a case series of 9 couples in which one member had a neurological condition, specifically an acquired brain injury (ABI; n = 7) or epilepsy (n = 2). METHODS To investigate collaborative memory, we compared the performance of the patient when remembering alone versus their performance in collaboration with their partner on three memory tasks, assessing anterograde, semantic, and autobiographical memory. RESULTS We found that across all tasks and participants, collaboration typically increased overall memory performance (total score), but the patient's contribution to the task was typically lower when they collaborated compared with when they performed the task alone. We identified two distinct styles of collaboration which we termed 'survival scaffolding' (where the healthy partner 'takes over' memory recall) and 'stability scaffolding' (where the healthy partner cues and structures the patient's recall). CONCLUSION This exploratory case series contributes to the sparse literature on memory collaboration in people with neurological conditions. Our findings suggest that there are different styles of collaboration that can both help and hinder memory performance.
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::79583c2b65aed42d068bb037db8d4557Test
https://doi.org/10.3233/nre-192849Test -
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المؤلفون: Richard J. Stevenson, Laurie A. Miller, Supreet Saluja, Zoe Thayer, Andrea Zuniga, Armin Nikpour, Heather M. Francis
المصدر: Neurocase. 26(5)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, Drug Resistant Epilepsy, media_common.quotation_subject, Hippocampus, Appetite, Hippocampal formation, Biology, 050105 experimental psychology, Self-Control, 03 medical and health sciences, Animal data, 0302 clinical medicine, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, media_common, Aged, 05 social sciences, Feeding Behavior, Middle Aged, Inhibition, Psychological, Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe, Female, Neurology (clinical), Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
الوصف: Animal data indicates the hippocampus assists appetite-regulation. We tested this in humans, contrasting two patients (DW, JC) with hippocampal damage to controls on an appetite-regulation test conducted hungry and sated. When hungry, controls
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::4f51890dd7173a25ba8bc5c305faacb5Test
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32894035Test -
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المؤلفون: Laurie A. Miller, Emma Flanagan, Armin Nikpour, Zoe Thayer, Annu Mothakunnel
المصدر: Epilepsy & Behavior. 72:108-113
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Memory, Long-Term, Time Factors, medicine.medical_treatment, Hippocampus, Neuropsychological Tests, 050105 experimental psychology, Lateralization of brain function, Temporal lobe, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, Epilepsy, 0302 clinical medicine, Seizures, medicine, Humans, Memory impairment, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Psychiatry, Memory Disorders, Forgetting, Incidence, Incidence (epidemiology), digestive, oral, and skin physiology, 05 social sciences, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Memory, Short-Term, Anticonvulsant, Neurology, Mental Recall, Female, Neurology (clinical), Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
الوصف: Background Accelerated Long Term Forgetting (ALF) is usually defined as a memory impairment that is seen only at long delays (e.g., after days or weeks) and not at shorter delays (e.g., 30 min) typically used in clinical settings. Research indicates that ALF occurs in some patients with epilepsy, but the incidence rates and underlying causes have not been established. In this study, we considered these issues. Methods Forty-four patients with a history of focal seizures were tested at 30 min and 7 day delays for material from the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) and Aggie Figures Test. Recently published norms from a matched group of 60 control subjects (Miller et al., 2015 ) were used to determine whether patients demonstrated ALF, impairment at 30 min or intact memory performance. Results The incidence of ALF in the epilepsy patients (18%) was > 3 times higher than normal on the RAVLT, but no different (7%) from the incidence in normal subjects on the Aggie Figures. A different, but again significantly high, proportion of patients (36%) showed shorter-term memory deficits on at least one task. ALF was found mainly in patients with temporal-lobe epilepsy, but also occurred in one patient with an extratemporal seizure focus. Presence of a hippocampal lesion was the main predicting factor of ALF. Conclusions Many patients with a focal seizure disorder show memory deficits after longer delays that are not evident on standard assessment. The present study explored the factors associated with this ALF memory profile. These new findings will enhance clinical practice, particularly the management of patients with memory complaints.
وصف الملف: application/pdf
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::360604a9e08f496912410fc90cc5d6c8Test
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.04.039Test -
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المصدر: Occupational Medicine. 68:279-281
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, Coping (psychology), Population, Health Promotion, Interpersonal communication, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Workplace wellness, Burnout, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Nursing, Physicians, Surveys and Questionnaires, Humans, Mass Screening, 030212 general & internal medicine, Workplace, education, Occupational Health, Aged, education.field_of_study, Descriptive statistics, Mental Disorders, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Middle Aged, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Mental health, Well-being, Female, Psychology
الوصف: Background The need to keep physicians healthy and in practice is critical as demand for doctors grows faster than the supply. Workplace wellness programmes can improve employee health and retain skilled workers. Aims To broaden our understanding about ways to help doctors coping with mental health problems and to develop population-informed workplace wellness recommendations for physician populations. Methods Researchers surveyed physicians to document potential warning signs and prevention strategies. A survey was issued to doctors who presented to a physician health programme with mental health complaints. The survey captured respondents' feedback about how to identify and prevent mental health problems. Data were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics. Results There were 185 participants. Half of respondents believed their problems could have been recognized sooner and 60% said they exhibited signs that could aid in earlier detection. Potential warnings included fluctuations in mood (67%), increased comments about stress/burnout (49%) and behavioural changes (32%). To improve detection, prevention and care-seeking for mental health problems, doctors endorsed multiple items related to the use of interpersonal supports, personal factors and organizational dynamics throughout the survey. Conclusions The findings confirmed earlier work demonstrating the value of social and organizational support in maintaining physician health. It further indicated that earlier identification and/or prevention of mental health problems is not only possible, but that medical organizations are uniquely situated to carry out this work.
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::7f4f7a39086ddd4f918dda11dd7895f1Test
https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqy018Test -
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المصدر: Epilepsybehavior : EB. 104
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Population, Pilot Projects, Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Quality of life (healthcare), Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Insomnia, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, education, education.field_of_study, Sleep hygiene, Epilepsy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, business.industry, Middle Aged, Sleep in non-human animals, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Treatment Outcome, Neurology, Physical therapy, Psychotherapy, Group, Quality of Life, Sleep diary, Female, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business, Sleep, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
الوصف: Sleep difficulties are commonly reported by patients with epilepsy and can have a detrimental impact on overall quality of life. The purpose of this pilot study was to assess the efficacy of a psychotherapeutic approach, namely Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I), in improving sleep quality in patients with epilepsy. Twenty outpatients with epilepsy who reported poor sleep quality were randomized to either a control or CBT-I treatment group, which involved four group-based CBT-I sessions, delivered on a weekly basis. In addition to completing a range of standardized measures related to sleep quality and quality of life, participants also monitored their sleep with a self-completed sleep diary over a two-week period, on two separate occasions. Following CBT-I treatment, no between-group difference was found on any sleep or quality of life measure. However, both the treatment and control groups improved on measures of sleep quality, quality of life, sleep hygiene behaviors, and dysfunctional beliefs about sleep. These findings suggest that sleep monitoring alone may have the potential for prompting healthy behavior change in this clinical population.
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::0e202f431eecd43e3fe859b7e2e1e7e6Test
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31982831Test -
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المؤلفون: Kaitlyn Parratt, Laurie A. Miller, Amelia J. Scott, Caroline Hunt, Carolyn MacCann, Armin Nikpour, Zoe Thayer, Louise Sharpe, Toh Wong, Milena Gandy
المصدر: EpilepsiaREFERENCES. 60(10)
مصطلحات موضوعية: 0301 basic medicine, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Neurology, Psychometrics, 03 medical and health sciences, Epilepsy, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, Medicine, Humans, Medical diagnosis, Depression (differential diagnoses), Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, business.industry, Qualitative interviews, Reproducibility of Results, Gold standard (test), Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Anxiety Disorders, 030104 developmental biology, Anxiety, Female, Neurology (clinical), Survey instrument, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Clinical psychology
الوصف: OBJECTIVE The study objective was to develop and validate the first epilepsy-specific anxiety survey instrument (Epilepsy Anxiety Survey Instrument [EASI]) alongside a briefer screening instrument to detect anxiety disorders in routine clinical practice (brEASI). METHODS The instruments were developed utilizing a mixed-methods approach in four related studies. Pilot items were developed following qualitative interviews with people with epilepsy (PWE; Study 1) and consultation with multidisciplinary experts in anxiety and epilepsy (Study 2). PWE (n = 314) then completed pilot items alongside existing measures of anxiety and depression (Study 3). Factor analysis was conducted to refine the scale and select well-performing items for a briefer diagnostic screener (brEASI). The brEASI was validated against a gold standard diagnostic interview in 106 PWE recruited from an outpatient epilepsy service (Study 4). Receiver operating characteristic analysis was conducted to determine the brEASI's diagnostic performance. RESULTS Twenty-six pilot items were generated based on the findings of Studies 1 and 2. Analyses in Study 3 resulted in an 18-item EASI, and eight well-performing items were selected for the brEASI. The area under the curve (AUC) of brEASI was excellent (AUC = 0.89, 95% confidence interval = 0.82-0.94). At a cutoff of 7, it demonstrated a sensitivity of 76% and specificity of 84% for identifying Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition anxiety disorders. SIGNIFICANCE The EASI and brEASI represent the first valid and reliable epilepsy-specific anxiety instruments. The EASI has been designed to comprehensively assess anxiety in PWE, whereas the brEASI may be used within busy neurology settings to provide rapid information to aid diagnoses of anxiety disorders. Given the significant prevalence and burden of anxiety in PWE, these tools are important potential solutions to improve the understanding and detection of anxiety in epilepsy.
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::9503cbf64993aaee680bb809c4805fbeTest
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31560136Test -
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المؤلفون: Armin Mohamed, Monica Ricci, Laurie A. Miller, Greg Savage
المصدر: Epilepsy & Behavior. 51:104-111
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Memory, Long-Term, Hippocampus, Audiology, Lateralization of brain function, Temporal lobe, Developmental psychology, Young Adult, Behavioral Neuroscience, Epilepsy, Seizures, medicine, Humans, Learning, Recognition memory, Analysis of Variance, Memory Disorders, Forgetting, Recall, Learning Disabilities, Retention, Psychology, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe, Neurology, Case-Control Studies, Mental Recall, Female, Epilepsies, Partial, Neurology (clinical), Verbal memory, Psychology
الوصف: Recent investigations of accelerated long-term forgetting, a condition in which newly acquired memory is normal initially but decays rapidly over days or weeks, indicate that multiple factors might influence whether this phenomenon is seen in patients with epilepsy. Test-based differences such as learning condition or type of memory measure (e.g., recall vs recognition) as well as epilepsy variables (e.g., side, site, or frequency of epileptiform activity) may be important. The present study sought to characterize factors affecting learning and memory for prose passages in patients with focal epilepsy. We enrolled 21 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, with and without hippocampal lesions, 11 patients with extratemporal epilepsy (ETE), and 29 healthy controls. Two matched passages were used to compare effects of initial learning condition (one exposure versus learning-to-criterion) on subsequent patterns of retention. Recall and recognition were tested at different delays (i.e., immediately, 30min, 24h, and 4days). Regression analyses and one-way ANOVAs indicated that having a left-hemisphere epileptic focus had a negative impact on learning, whilst presence of a hippocampal lesion (irrespective of side) was associated with deterioration in recall for intervals up to 24h postencoding. Learning condition affected patterns of memory decay in that the ETE group showed significant decline in recall between 24h and 4days only when stories were learned to criterion. In contrast with recall, no changes over time were evident in recognition memory, as patients with hippocampal lesions were impaired from 30min onward. Epilepsy variables other than side and site of epilepsy/lesion did not influence performance. In conclusion, the left hemisphere is involved in learning of prose material, and the hippocampus is involved in the consolidation of this material mainly for the first 24h. After this, cortical regions outside the hippocampus become important for recall.
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::0d7ed2eeeafd239839768f2bf8e23ce3Test
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.06.016Test -
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المؤلفون: Toh Wong, Armin Nikpour, Amelia J. Scott, Kaitlyn Parratt, Louise Sharpe, Zoe Thayer, Laurie A. Miller
المصدر: Epilepsybehavior : EB. 85
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, Context (language use), Comorbidity, Anxiety, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, Epilepsy, 0302 clinical medicine, Prevalence of mental disorders, Quality of life, medicine, Prevalence, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Qualitative Research, Aged, Middle Aged, Models, Theoretical, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, Neurology, Quality of Life, Female, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, Psychology, Psychosocial, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Clinical psychology, Qualitative research
الوصف: Objective There is an elevated prevalence of anxiety disorders among people with epilepsy, and the comorbidity of anxiety in epilepsy is associated with adverse medical and psychosocial outcomes. Despite its importance, little is known about what psychosocial or epilepsy factors may be associated with the development of anxiety. The aim of this qualitative study was to determine what factors may explain why some people with epilepsy develop anxiety disorders and others do not. Methods Adults with epilepsy were recruited from an outpatient epilepsy service. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 26 participants, 15 of whom reported clinically significant levels of anxiety. Grounded theory analysis was used to develop a theoretical model of anxiety development in the context of epilepsy. Results Qualitative analyses revealed a number of processes that appeared to account for the development of anxiety in the context of epilepsy. These included inflated estimates regarding epilepsy-specific risks and excessive attempts to avoid these risks. Such excessive avoidance often resulted in greater interference with participants' role functioning, thus risking ongoing quality of life. A number of premorbid and contextual factors also appear to be implicated in the development of anxiety. Conclusion This investigation provides a comprehensive account for the development of anxiety in epilepsy, which is consistent with existing theories of anxiety development and maintenance. Importantly, this model provides a foundation for future research and appropriate treatment strategies to address anxiety in people with epilepsy.
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::dab2da008084f0e9e027e41d7c43d769Test
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29933209Test -
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المؤلفون: Laurie A. Miller, Janet Boserio, Greg Savage, Monica Ricci, Armin Mohamed
المصدر: Neuropsychologia. 66:259-266
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Time Factors, Epilepsy, Frontal Lobe, Memory, Episodic, Cognitive Neuroscience, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Hippocampal formation, Hippocampus, Temporal lobe, Developmental psychology, Lesion, Behavioral Neuroscience, Epilepsy, medicine, Humans, In patient, Episodic memory, Cerebral Cortex, Forgetting, Recall, Electroencephalography, Recognition, Psychology, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Anesthesia, Mental Recall, medicine.symptom, Psychology
الوصف: Accelerated long term forgetting (ALF), whereby information is rapidly lost over days or weeks has been noted in patients with epileptic conditions. The present study sought to determine which clinical factors underlie such consolidation failure for recent autobiographical experiences in patients with focal epilepsy. We enrolled 21 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), with and without hippocampal lesions (TLE(+)=12; TLE(-)=9, respectively), 11 patients with extratemporal epilepsy (ETE) and 29 controls (NC). Recall and recognition were tested at different delays (i.e., 30min, 24h and 4 days). During the study interval, most of the patients underwent concurrent ambulatory EEG monitoring. Analyses of variance indicated Group×Delay interval interactions for recall. The TLE(+) group showed significant decline in recall by 24h delay. On recognition Group by Delay interval was not detected but main effect for Group revealed that the ETE group demonstrated ALF on recognition questions over the interval between 24h and 4 days. Regression analyses confirmed that a hippocampal lesion was particularly disruptive to consolidation over the first 24h, and that seizures were associated with memory decline over longer delays. Our findings show that the retention of autobiographical experiences involves multiple mechanisms, which operate over different timeframes.
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::82d5738baee7f67d234e8998f2f31317Test
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.11.027Test -
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المؤلفون: Laurie A. Miller, Toh Wong, Armin Nikpour, Monica Ricci
المصدر: Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior. 110
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Memory, Long-Term, Time Factors, Cognitive Neuroscience, Psychological intervention, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Audiology, Neuropsychological Tests, 050105 experimental psychology, Developmental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cognition, Memory, medicine, Humans, Learning, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Time point, Aged, Memory Disorders, Forgetting, Recall, Long-term memory, 05 social sciences, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology, Transient epileptic amnesia, Free recall, Mental Recall, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
الوصف: It is well established that when retrieval or other forms of testing follow shortly after the acquisition of new information, long-term memory is improved in healthy subjects (Roediger & Karpicke, 2006). It is not known whether such early interventions would alleviate ALF, a condition in which early retention is normal, but there is a steep decline over longer intervals. A different behavioral intervention (i.e., an interposed recall of a story after a longer delay) was found to prevent subsequent memory loss in a single case with ALF (Jansari, Davis, McGibbon, Firminger, & Kapur, 2010; McGibbon & Jansari, 2013), but this has yet to be replicated. In the present study, we sought to test the effectiveness of early rehearsal as well as a later interposed recall on long term memory. Three men with ALF and 10 matched, healthy males (mean age = 67 yr; mean education = 15 yr) were compared for story recall following 3 early intervention conditions. There were two early rehearsal conditions: Repeated-Recall (2 additional recalls were requested in the initial 30 min interval) and Repeated Recall With Discussion (2 additional recalls plus discussion occurred in the initial 30 min interval) as well as a Control condition, in which there was no additional rehearsal in the first 30 min. Memory for 6 stories (2 in each condition) was tested at 0 min, 30 min, 1 day, 1 week and 4 weeks. In addition, to evaluate the possible sustaining effect of an additional retrieval ("booster recall") between 1 wk and 4 wk delays, 1 story from each of the early intervention conditions was recalled at 2 weeks' delay. Consistent with the profile characteristic of ALF, nonparametric statistics revealed no group differences at 0 or 30 min recalls. For Control stories, the ALF group's recall was impaired by 24 h delay. For stories in either of the early rehearsal conditions, the patients showed better retention, performing within normal limits until the 4 week recall. The "booster recall" session at 2 weeks benefitted the patients' retention at 4 weeks, with patients' mean recall remaining within normal limits only for those stories recalled at 2 weeks. These results indicate that behavioral interventions including early rehearsal in the first several min and a booster recall at a much later time point help to prevent ALF. Confirmation of the usefulness of these interventions in other cases and investigating whether these cognitive techniques can be extended to "real world" applications are the logical next steps.
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::2b30b866a75cecc8ccc0520c582e09cbTest
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29174307Test
