المؤلفون: Sarkar, Monika, Yates, Katherine, Suzuki, Ayako, Lavine, Joel, Gill, Ryan, Ziegler, Toni, Terrault, Norah, Dhindsa, Sandeep

المصدر: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 19(2)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis, Liver Disease, Hepatitis, Digestive Diseases, Obesity, Nutrition, Metabolic and endocrine, Oral and gastrointestinal, Good Health and Well Being, Fibrosis, Humans, Liver, Male, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Testosterone, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Clinical sciences

الوصف: With rising prevalence of obesity and diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now a leading cause of chronic liver disease. One-third of obese or diabetic men have subnormal free and bioavailable testosterone concentrations.1 Several studies have further shown low testosterone to be associated with imaging-confirmed NAFLD in men,2 although it is unknown whether low testosterone confers increased risk of more clinically relevant manifestations of NAFLD, including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and NASH fibrosis. We therefore aimed to evaluate the association of testosterone with histologic features of NAFLD among a representative cohort of men from the multicenter NASH Clinical Research Network (NASH CRN).

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7zk0x6j8Test

المؤلفون: VanWagner, Lisa B, Ning, Hongyan, Allen, Norrina B, Siddique, Juned, Carson, April P, Bancks, Michael P, Lewis, Cora E, Carr, John Jeffrey, Speliotes, Elizabeth, Terrault, Norah A, Rinella, Mary E, Vos, Miriam B, Lloyd‐Jones, Donald M

المصدر: Liver International. 38(11)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Liver Disease, Clinical Research, Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis, Nutrition, Digestive Diseases, Diabetes, Substance Misuse, Prevention, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Metabolic and endocrine, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Adult, Blood Glucose, Body Mass Index, Diabetes Mellitus, Female, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Insulin-Secreting Cells, Logistic Models, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Multivariate Analysis, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Prevalence, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, United States, Young Adult, coronary artery risk development in young adults, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, obesity, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Clinical sciences

الوصف: Background & aimsInsulin resistance is a risk marker for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and a risk factor for liver disease progression. We assessed temporal trajectories of insulin resistance and β-cell response to serum glucose concentration throughout adulthood and their association with diabetes risk in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.MethodsThree thousand and sixty participants from Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults, a prospective bi-racial cohort of adults age 18-30 years at baseline (1985-1986; Y0) who completed up to 5 exams over 25 years and had fasting insulin and glucose measurement were included. At Y25 (2010-2011), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease was assessed by noncontrast computed tomography after exclusion of other liver fat causes. Latent mixture modelling identified 25-year trajectories in homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance and β-cell response homeostatic model assessment-β.ResultsThree distinct trajectories were identified, separately, for homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (low-stable [47%]; moderate-increasing [42%]; and high-increasing [12%]) and homeostatic model assessment-β (low-decreasing [16%]; moderate-decreasing [63%]; and high-decreasing [21%]). Y25 non-alcoholic fatty liver disease prevalence was 24.5%. Among non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, high-increasing homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (referent: low-stable) was associated with greater prevalent (OR 95% CI = 8.0, 2.0-31.9) and incident (OR = 10.5, 2.6-32.8) diabetes after multivariable adjustment including Y0 or Y25 homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance. In contrast, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease participants with low-decreasing homeostatic model assessment-β (referent: high-decreasing) had the highest odds of prevalent (OR = 14.1, 3.9-50.9) and incident (OR = 10.3, 2.7-39.3) diabetes.ConclusionTrajectories of insulin resistance and β-cell response during young and middle adulthood are robustly associated with diabetes risk in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Thus, how persons with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease develop resistance to insulin provides important information about risk of diabetes in midlife above and beyond degree of insulin resistance at the time of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease assessment.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/83j525cbTest

المؤلفون: VanWagner, Lisa B, Khan, Sadiya S, Ning, Hongyan, Siddique, Juned, Lewis, Cora E, Carr, John J, Vos, Miriam B, Speliotes, Elizabeth, Terrault, Norah A, Rinella, Mary E, Lloyd‐Jones, Donald M, Allen, Norrina B

المصدر: Liver International. 38(4)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular, Heart Disease, Nutrition, Clinical Research, Liver Disease, Heart Disease - Coronary Heart Disease, Prevention, Obesity, Digestive Diseases, Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis, 3.1 Primary prevention interventions to modify behaviours or promote wellbeing, Prevention of disease and conditions, and promotion of well-being, Metabolic and endocrine, Oral and gastrointestinal, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Adult, Body Mass Index, Female, Humans, Liver, Logistic Models, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Overweight, Prevalence, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, United States, Young Adult, NAFLD, NASH, obesity, prevention, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Clinical sciences

الوصف: Background & aimsNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease is an epidemic. Identifying modifiable risk factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease development is essential to design effective prevention programmes. We tested whether 25-year patterns of body mass index change are associated with midlife non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.MethodsIn all, 4423 participants from Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults, a prospective population-based biracial cohort (age 18-30), underwent body mass index measurement at baseline (1985-1986) and 3 or more times over 25 years. At Year 25, 3115 had liver fat assessed by non-contrast computed tomography. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease was defined as liver attenuation ≤40 Hounsfield Units after exclusions. Latent mixture modelling identified 25-year trajectories in body mass index per cent change (%Δ) from baseline.ResultsWe identified four distinct trajectories of BMI%Δ: stable (26.2% of cohort, 25-year BMI %Δ = 3.1%), moderate increase (46.0%, BMI%Δ = 21.7%), high increase (20.9%, BMI%Δ = 41.9%) and extreme increase (6.9%, BMI%Δ = 65.9%). Y25 non-alcoholic fatty liver disease prevalence was higher in groups with greater BMI %Δ: 4.1%, 9.3%, 13.0%, and 17.6%, respectively (P-trend

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الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5tp862p7Test

المؤلفون: Ajmera, Veeral H, Gunderson, Erica P, VanWagner, Lisa B, Lewis, Cora E, Carr, John J, Terrault, Norah A

المصدر: The American Journal of Gastroenterology. 111(5)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Reproductive Medicine, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Diabetes, Clinical Research, Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period, Liver Disease, Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis, Pediatric, Nutrition, Digestive Diseases, Prevention, Metabolic and endocrine, Reproductive health and childbirth, Adult, Cohort Studies, Diabetes Complications, Diabetes, Gestational, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Pregnancy, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Young Adult, Clinical Sciences, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Clinical sciences

الوصف: ObjectivesInsulin resistance is central to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an early marker of insulin resistance. We hypothesized that a history of GDM would identify women at higher risk of NAFLD in middle age.MethodsWomen from the multicenter Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) cohort study who delivered ≥1 birth, were free of diabetes prior to pregnancy(ies), and underwent CT quantification of hepatic steatosis 25 years following cohort entry (Y25: 2010-2011) were included (n=1,115). History of GDM by self-report, validated in a subsample by review of antenatal glucose testing, and metabolic risk factors were assessed prospectively. NAFLD was defined by liver attenuation (LA)≤40 Hounsfield Units on CT scan after exclusion of other causes of hepatic steatosis.ResultsOf 1,115 women meeting selection criteria (57% black, 43% white, median age 25 years at baseline), 124 (11%) reported a history of GDM and 75 (7%) met the CT definition for NAFLD at year 25. The crude risk of NAFLD at the 25-year visit was significantly higher in women with GDM compared to those without (14 vs. 5.8%, OR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.44-4.55, P

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9cz782rtTest