المؤلفون: Alberto Bosi, Angela Silvano, Paolo Romagnoli, Sara Paccosi, Maria Ida Bonetti, Astrid Parenti

المصدر: Archives of Clinical and Biomedical Research.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Langerhans cell, Langerin, biology, Chemistry, CD14, Lymphocyte, CD34, General Medicine, Lymphocyte proliferation, Cell biology, Immunophenotyping, medicine.anatomical_structure, biology.protein, medicine, Progenitor cell

الوصف: The differentiation of dendritic cells (DCs) in vitro is not yet under full control and although PPAR-γ stimulation may interfere with DC differentiation from cord blood progenitors, the expression of PPAR-γ by different precursors and the effect of PPAR-γ stimulation on DC differentiation are poorly known. To address these issues, CD14+ monocytes, CD34+ progenitors and CD133+ progenitors were isolated from adult healthy donors and cultured with cytokines; rosiglitazone (1 μmol/l) was used to stimulate PPAR-γ. All precursors generated large, HLA-DR+ DCs, a proportion of which, highest when starting from CD133+ precursors expressed the Langerhans cell marker CD207/langerin; many cells expressed the connective tissue DC marker CD209/DC-SIGN, even together with CD207, and some cells contained Birbeck granules. Only CD133+ precursors expressed PPAR-γ mRNA appreciably; the DCs from these precursors contained a higher proportion of Langerhans like cells and caused 25% less stimulation of lymphocyte proliferation when generated in the presence of rosiglitazone. In conclusion, the phenotype of DCs differentiated in vitro does not match exactly that of DCs in vivo; PPAR-γ is expressed by freshly isolated CD133+ precursors; PPAR-γ agonists can direct DC differentiation from CD133+ precursors towards Langerhans type cells and inhibit the lymphocyte stimulating activity of the generated DCs.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::b02867058bf7d15d75abdec29f18c2b9Test
https://doi.org/10.26502/acbr.50170069Test

المؤلفون: Lara Ballerini, Massimo Mannelli, Erica Sarchielli, Vasileios Chortis, Wiebke Arlt, Roberta Armignacco, Matteo Lulli, Daniele Guasti, Paolo Romagnoli, Giulia Cantini, Susanna Benvenuti, Gabriella B. Vannelli, Giada Poli, Michaela Luconi, Benedetta Mazzanti

المصدر: FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 33(2)

مصطلحات موضوعية: 0301 basic medicine, Biochemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Fetus, Adrenal Glands, Genetics, medicine, Endocrine system, Humans, Progenitor cell, Molecular Biology, Cellular Senescence, biology, Tyrosine hydroxylase, Adrenal cortex, Adrenal gland, Mesenchymal stem cell, Chromogranin A, Cell Differentiation, Nestin, Cell biology, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, biology.protein, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Biotechnology

الوصف: The adrenal gland is a multiendocrine organ with a steroidogenic mesenchymal cortex and an inner catecholamine-producing medulla of neuroendocrine origin. After embryonic development, this plastic organ undergoes a functional postnatal remodeling. Elucidating these complex processes is pivotal for understanding the early bases of functional endocrine disorders and tumors affecting the mature gland. We developed an in vitro human adrenal cell model derived from fetal adrenal specimens at different gestational ages, consisting of neuroendocrine and cortical components and expressing the zona and functional markers of the original fetal organ. These cortical and neuroendocrine progenitor cells retain in vitro an intrinsic gestational-age-related differentiation and functional program. In vitro these cells spontaneously form 3-dimensional structure organoids with a structure similar to the fetal gland. The organoids show morphofunctional features and adrenal steroidogenic factor, steroid acute regulatory, cytochrome-P450-17A1, dosage-sensitive, sex-reversal, adrenal hypoplasia-critical region on chromosome X protein , NOTCH1, and nephroblastoma overexpressed/cysteine-rich protein 61/connective tissue growth factor/nephroblastoma overexpressed gene-3; stem (BMI1, nestin); and chromaffin (chromogranin A, tyrosine hydroxylase) markers similar to those of the populations of origin. This in vitro human adrenal system represents a unique but preliminar model for investigating the pathophysiological processes underlying physiologic adrenal remodeling and pathologic alterations involved in organ hypo- and hyperplasia and cancer.-Poli, G., Sarchielli, E., Guasti, D., Benvenuti, S., Ballerini, L., Mazzanti, B., Armignacco, R., Cantini, G., Lulli, M., Chortis, V., Arlt, W., Romagnoli, P., Vannelli, G. B., Mannelli, M., Luconi, M. Human fetal adrenal cells retain age-related stem- and endocrine-differentiation potential in culture.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::503d154550942412168fc08e022515c6Test
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30247985Test

المؤلفون: Leonardo Pescitelli, Franz Baruffaldi Preis, Francesca Prignano, Elena Donetti, Nicolino Mastroianni, Laura Cornaghi, Federica Landoni, Francesca Arnaboldi, Paolo Romagnoli

المصدر: Experimental Cell Research. 345:247-254

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Keratinocytes, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_treatment, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Biology, Models, Biological, Keratin 17, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Interleukin 20, Keratin, Cell Adhesion, medicine, Humans, Cell Proliferation, Skin, chemistry.chemical_classification, Interleukins, Interleukin, Cell Differentiation, Cell Biology, Molecular biology, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cytokine, chemistry, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Immunology, Female, Interleukin 17, Epidermis, Keratinocyte, Biomarkers, Immunostaining

الوصف: Interleukin (IL)-22 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine driving the progression of the psoriatic lesion with other cytokines, as Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-alpha and IL-17. Our study was aimed at evaluating the early effect of IL-22 alone or in combination with TNF-alpha and IL-17 by immunofluorescence on i) keratinocyte (KC) proliferation, ii) terminal differentiation biomarkers as keratin (K) 10 and 17 expression, iii) intercellular junctions. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis was performed. A model of human skin culture reproducing a psoriatic microenvironment was used. Plastic surgery explants were obtained from healthy young women (n=7) after informed consent. Fragments were divided before adding IL-22 or a combination of the three cytokines, and harvested 24 (T24), 48 (T48), and 72 (T72)h later. From T24, in IL-22 samples we detected a progressive decrease in K10 immunostaining in the spinous layer paralleled by K17 induction. By TEM, after IL-22 incubation, keratin aggregates were evident in the perinuclear area. Occludin immunostaining was not homogeneously distributed. Conversely, KC proliferation was not inhibited by IL-22 alone, but only by the combination of cytokines. Our results suggest that IL-22 affects keratinocyte terminal differentiation, whereas, in order to induce a proliferation impairment, a more complex psoriatic-like microenvironment is needed.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::053d89875192b4ca68f9be3fadd12b80Test
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.05.004Test

المؤلفون: Beatrice Defraia, Stefano Bacci, Lorenzo Cinci, Laura Calosi, Laura Pieri, Paolo Romagnoli, Daniele Guasti, Aurelio Bonelli, Virginia Lotti

المصدر: Forensic Science International. 244:179-185

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, Cell type, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Adolescent, Cell, CD11c, Cell Count, Biology, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Antigens, CD1, Lesion, Young Adult, Dermis, 80 and over, medicine, Humans, Cell infiltrate, Immunohistochemistry, Langerhans cells, Mast cells, Morphometry, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Forensic Pathology, Histocompatibility Antigens Class II, Langerhans Cells, Mast Cells, Middle Aged, Postmortem Changes, Skin, Wound Healing, Antigens, Preschool, CD1, integumentary system, Degranulation, medicine.disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, medicine.symptom, Wound healing, Law, Infiltration (medical)

الوصف: The response to wounds until healing requires the activity of many cell types coordinate in space and time, so that the types of cells in a wound and their localization may be of help to date lesions with respect to death, which would be useful in forensic pathology. Cells reacting to injury include dendritic cells; the early reaction of these cells to skin wounding has not yet been investigated in humans, which was the aim of this study. Samples of wounded and control skin were taken at autopsy and analyzed by affinity histochemistry. Both epidermal and dermal MHC-II+ cells increased transiently in number within the first hour after wounding, then decreased. In the epidermis the increase affected also CD1a+ cells, i.e. well differentiated Langherhans cells, which however increased less, earlier and for a shorter time period than MHC-II+ cells. Dermal MHC-II+ cells became part of a perivascular mononuclear cell infiltrate visible in the subpapillary dermis by 60 min after wounding, which contained also mast cells. The immediately perivascular MHC-II+ cells were DC-SIGN- and CD11c-, while MHC-II+, DC-SIGN+, CD11c+ dendritic cells were predominantly located at the periphery of infiltrates and some were near the epidermis. Mast cells underwent degranulation, besides increase in number, in the first hours after wounding. The results suggest that skin dendritic cells, including Langerhans cells, participate to the early response to wounding in concert with mast cells, and that subpapillary blood vessels are primary sites of cell infiltration during that response in humans. The results show that the ratio between CD1a positive and MHC-II positive cells in the epidermis, the degranulation index of mast cells and the relative volume of MHC-II positive cells in the dermis can be added to the tools useful to distinguish vital from post mortem lesions and, the first two of them, to estimate the interval between a lesion and death.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::f54feb5b746125788f7146d2fbe64cd4Test
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.08.024Test

المؤلفون: Marco Ghionzoli, Paolo Romagnoli, Laura Calosi, Daniele Guasti, Antonio Messineo, Francesca Tocchioni

المصدر: The Anatomical Record. 296:1813-1820

مصطلحات موضوعية: Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Histology, Territorial matrix, business.industry, Cartilage, Connective tissue, Anatomy, Matrix (biology), medicine.disease, Costal cartilage, Connective tissue disease, Extracellular matrix, medicine.anatomical_structure, Pectus excavatum, medicine, business, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Biotechnology

الوصف: Pectus excavatum (PE) is the most frequent anterior chest deformity which may be frequently associated with connective tissue disorders. We performed microscopic analyses to better understand cartilage behavior and obtain clues on its pathogenesis. In 37 PE patients, none with Marfan syndrome, we analyzed costal cartilage by light microscopy, immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy. Control tissue specimens were harvested from four patients without any connective tissue disease. In both control and PE patients, chondrocytes were on the average

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::488b7a4e99f36da1aaf70a045354c995Test
https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.22824Test

المؤلفون: Stefano Bacci, Paolo Romagnoli, Aurelio Bonelli, Beatrice DeFraia

المصدر: Journal of Forensic Sciences. 56:1620-1625

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, Forensic pathology, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, H&E stain, Poison control, Cell Count, Autopsy, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Reference Values, Genetics, Humans, Medicine, Mast Cells, Hematoxylin, Forensic Pathology, Skin, Observer Variation, Microscopy, Staining and Labeling, integumentary system, business.industry, Histology, Middle Aged, Mast cell, medicine.anatomical_structure, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Reference values, Eosine Yellowish-(YS), Wounds and Injuries, Immunohistochemistry, Female, business

الوصف: Mast cell histochemistry has been proposed in addition to classic histological methods to estimate the course of traumatic events before and after death. We have addressed the utility of this approach on nine victims of different types of trauma. Sections of wounded skin were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and with fluorescent avidin to tag mast cells. Mast cell numbers were evaluated by both direct and digitalized counts. Intact skin was used as control. The results on mast cells implemented the findings upon hematoxylin and eosin stain and helped to put the wounds and death in chronological sequence. Digitalized morphometry allowed to reduce intra- and inter-observer variation. We conclude that combined histological and histochemical analyses can be of practical use in forensic pathology, that a preliminary setting of the reference values is needed for each laboratory, and that image analysis can be of help for the quantification of the results. Language: en

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::356ac8d0a0330ac263da7680555bb6fdTest
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-4029.2011.01866.xTest

المؤلفون: L. Domenici, Laura Pieri, C. Sassoli, Paolo Romagnoli

المصدر: European Journal of Histochemistry, Pp 365-75 (2010)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Keratinocytes, Tissue Fixation, Histology, Langerhans cell, Biopsy, Biophysics, membrane antigens, bromo-deoxyuridine, chemical and pharmacologic phenomena, Human skin, tyrosinase, Biology, PLP, Acetone, Immunoenzyme Techniques, Fixatives, chemistry.chemical_compound, Immunolabeling, Antigen, Formaldehyde, Istochimica, immunoistochimica, microscopia elettronica, fissazione, tecnica istologica, medicine, Humans, Langerhans cells, Antigens, Microscopy, Immunoelectron, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Fixative, Skin, Monophenol Monooxygenase, Lysine, Cell Cycle, Periodic Acid, cytokeratins, Cell Biology, Immunohistochemistry, Molecular biology, Microscopy, Electron, medicine.anatomical_structure, lcsh:Biology (General), Biochemistry, chemistry, Indicators and Reagents, Glutaraldehyde, cryosections, Keratinocyte

الوصف: Periodate-lysine-paraformaldehyde (PLP) has been proposed as a fixative for glycoprotein antigens which should stabilize periodate oxidized polysaccharide chains through lysine mediated crosslinks, either directly or by the intermediation of formaldehyde. In spite of premises and attempts reported in the literature, this fixative has never become popular for the study of membrane antigens of immune system cells, which leads to doubts on its real efficacy. We have addressed this issue in biopsies of human skin and found that PLP followed by cryoprotection with 30% sucrose and cryosectioning, or PLP fixation of isolated epidermal sheets, consistently provided for good preservation of morphology and intense labeling of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules, CD1a, CD4, CD8, E-cadherin, cytokeratins in general, cytokeratin-18 in particular, and bromodeoxyuridine, incorporated by cycling cells in vitro, and for the demonstration of tyrosinase enzyme activity. PLP-fixed, osmicated and epon-embedded epidermal sheets proved as good as sheets fixed 365 with a mixture of formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde for electron microscopic morphological analysis. Also, these sheets were amenable to immunoperoxidase staining of Langerhans cell membrane antigen CD1a and keratinocyte membrane antigen E-cadherin before being osmicated and prepared for electron microscopy. In a parallel paper, we had also shown that oral mucosa biopsies fixed in PLP showed good morphology and immunolabeling of CD54, CD80, CD83 and CD86. Therefore, we conclude that PLP can be proposed as a multi-task fixative for light and electron microscopic analysis of membrane, cytoplasmic and nuclear antigens of immune system cells and keratinocytes.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::e96c5e658e1caf4a48f464917b274e9eTest
https://doi.org/10.4081/1749Test

المؤلفون: Gian Luigi Taddei, Laura Pieri, Aurelio Bonelli, Stefano Bacci, Anna Maria Buccoliero, Paolo Romagnoli

المصدر: Thrombosis Research. 122:657-667

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Carotid Artery Diseases, Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Cell type, Necrosis, medicine.medical_treatment, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II, Biology, Nitric Oxide, Muscle, Smooth, Vascular, Antigen, medicine, Humans, Mast Cells, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, S100 Proteins, Histocompatibility Antigens Class II, Dendritic Cells, Hematology, Dendritic cell, Middle Aged, Mast cell, Cytokine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Case-Control Studies, Immunology, Female, Tumor necrosis factor alpha, medicine.symptom, Blood vessel

الوصف: Introduction In atherogenesis, dendritic cells, beside presenting antigens, may be sources of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)alpha and nitric oxide (NO), together with mast cells and smooth muscle cells. Material and Methods We have looked at the expression of TNFalpha and inducible NO synthase (iNOs) by these cells by affinity cytochemistry in autoptical specimens from normal carotid arteries and not ruptured, hemorrhagic or calcified atheromata. Results Round to dendritic, major histocompatibility complex class II molecules (MHC-II+) cells and avidin-labeled mast cells were rare in normal arteries and significantly more numerous in atheromata. Many MHC-II+ cells expressed S-100 antigen; while a few were positive for phalloidin; appreciable fractions of these cells were immunoreactive for TNFalpha and iNOs, both in control specimens and atheromata. The fraction of mast cells labeled for iNOs was significantly lower in atheromata than in controls. Phalloidin positive cells were the most abundant cell type in the normal intima and atheromata; the fractions of these cells labeled for TNFalpha and iNOs were significantly higher in atheromata than in controls. Very few of these cells were also labeled for MHC-II. Computerized image analysis confirmed that the amounts of iNOs and TNFalpha were higher in atheromata than in controls. The increase in TNFalpha in atheromata was also confirmed by western blot. Conclusions Dendritic cells and mast cells can participate to the generation of TNFalpha and NO in the normal arterial wall and in atheromata, but myointimal cells are candidates as major sources of these molecules.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::37b8e0b090555d6c75b453ccb1b48890Test
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.thromres.2008.04.013Test

المؤلفون: Paolo Romagnoli, Barbara Rinaldi, Stefano Bacci, Amelia Filippelli, Maria Donniacuo, Maria Chiara Maiuri, Annalisa Capuano, Francesco Rossi, Rosa Carnuccio

المصدر: British Journal of Pharmacology. 147:175-182

مصطلحات موضوعية: Pharmacology, Neointima, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Inflammation, Tunica intima, medicine.anatomical_structure, Western blot, Heat shock protein, Circulatory system, Medicine, medicine.symptom, business, Blood vessel, Artery

الوصف: The aim of our study was to gain insight into the molecular and cellular mechanisms of the inflammatory response to arterial injury in a rat experimental model. Rats (five for each experimental time) were subjected to brief clamping and longitudinal incision of a carotid artery and monitored for 30 days. Subsequently, Nuclear Factor-kappaB (NF-κB) expression was measured by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Heat shock protein (HSP) 27, HSP47 and HSP70 were evaluated by Western blot. Morphological changes of the vessel wall were investigated by light and electron microscopy. In injured rat carotid artery NF-κB activity started immediately upon injury, and peaked between 2 and 3 weeks later. Western blot showed a significant increase of HSP47 and HSP70 7 days after injury. At 2 weeks postinjury, HSP27 expression peaked. Ligth microscopy showed a neointima formation, discontinuity of the media layer and a rich infiltrate. Among infiltrating cells electron microscopy identified dendritic-like cells in contact with lymphocytes. Our model of surgical injury induces a significant inflammatory process characterized by enhanced NF-κB activity and HSPs hyperexpression. Dendritic-like cells were for the first time identified as a novel component of tissue repair consequent to acute arterial injury. British Journal of Pharmacology (2006) 147, 175–182. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706472

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::60f09697cca5bc400dc6882de58efbffTest
https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjp.0706472Test

المؤلفون: Mauro Marchionni, Stefano Bacci, Gian Luigi Taddei, Paolo Romagnoli, Maria Rosaria Raspollini

المصدر: Ultrastructural Pathology. 29:149-155

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Stromal cell, Metaplastic carcinoma, Population, Adenocarcinoma, Biology, Endometrium, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Diagnosis, Differential, Cytokeratin, Carcinosarcoma, Structural Biology, Metaplasia, Biomarkers, Tumor, medicine, Carcinoma, Humans, education, education.field_of_study, Sarcoma, medicine.disease, Immunohistochemistry, Treatment Outcome, medicine.anatomical_structure, Uterine Neoplasms, Female, medicine.symptom

الوصف: Uterine carcinosarcomas are biphasic neoplasms with carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements. However, several elements suggest that carcinosarcomas may be more closely related to carcinoma of the endometrium and that they arise from an unique stem cell. Recently, the authors observed an uterine tumor that at histologic examination showed an apparently double population of cells: malignant epithelial element admixed with mesenchymal spindle-shaped cells. The immunohistochemical stainings instead showed cytokeratin positivity and negativity for stromal markers. Electron microscopy showed the neoplastic tissue to be made of a single population of poorly differentiated epithelial cells, thus confirming the immunohistochemical findings and leading to the diagnosis of uterine metaplastic carcinoma.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::8d889847a331bbe0f0b66ec2fe6da0ddTest
https://doi.org/10.1080/019131290924072Test