نتائج البحث - "Silver stain"

1

Prevalence and histopathological characterization of Masai Giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis tippelskirchi) skin disease in Tarangire-Manyara ecosystem, Northern Tanzania

المؤلفون: Jaffu Chilongola, Alex Mremi, Faraja E Kiula, Eblate E. Mjingo, Linus K. Munishi

المصدر: Veterinary Quarterly, Vol 41, Iss 1, Pp 242-249 (2021)

الوصف: Background: Masai Giraffes have declined dramatically in recent decades due to loss of habitat and illegal hunting. Hence, it is critically important that the epidemiology and etiology of so-called giraffe skin disease (GSD) is understood well.Aim: To assess the prevalence and histopathological characteristics of GSD in the Tarangire-Manyara Ecosystem (TME), northern Tanzania.Methods: The study used road transects to gather field information on GSD. Eighty-four giraffes were sighted by systematic random sampling in the six study sites. Examination of giraffes involved body distribution of lesions, severity of the lesions and whether they were associated with age and sex of the affected giraffes. Five giraffes with GSD were immobilized for tissue collection and histopathological analysis.Results: Prevalence among adults was 79%. Affected animals typically had 1-5 lesions which were mostly moderate and were predominantly observed on the forelegs. GSD positivity rate was higher among females versus males, whereas males had a higher rate of severe lesions and generally had more lesions than females. Calves showed no lesions. All tissue sections from five affected giraffes showed the presence of large quantities of fungal elements (hyphae and spores) that involved hair shafts and sub-cutaneous tissue after staining with Grocott Methenamine Silver as special fungal staining technique.Conclusions: Our findings suggest the involvement of fungal infection in GSD pathogenesis.Clinical relevance: We recommend further characterization of the lesions using modern molecular techniques and culture to identify primary and secondary or opportunistic etiologies, and the order in which the pathogens occur in the lesions.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::e8cec2f3aeea38e262729ad91402af7dTest
https://doaj.org/article/c7d37b814a62480fb4dee68186d683d3Test

2

Morphofunctional characterization and DNA stability of spermatozoa in primary examination of men fertility

المؤلفون: B.K. Komyakov Komyakov, S.N. Proshin Proshin, А.О. Zelener Zelener, А.А. Bairamov Bairamov, St. Petersburg Medical

المصدر: Urologiia. :55-58

مصطلحات موضوعية: Gel electrophoresis, urogenital system, business.industry, DNA damage, Motility, General Medicine, Teratozoospermia, Sperm, Silver stain, Andrology, Comet assay, Semen quality, Medicine, business

الوصف: AIM To assess the morphological and functional characteristics of spermatozoa and DNA stability in patients with normal seed parameters and with an ITZ exceeding the threshold value. PATIENTS AND METHODS 85 males were studied for semen quality parameters. The morphological anomalies of head, middle piece, and tail of spermatozoa were estimated and presented in illustrations. Due to results elaborated the index of teratozoospermia was calculated. Then the Comet assay was performed. RESULTS It has been found that spermatozoa from patients with high teratozoospermia index possessed decreased motility as compared to ones from patients with low index of teratozoospermia. It was not found any difference in concentration of spermatozoa between groups of males which possess low and high index of teratozoospermia. The spontaneous frequency of DNA damage estimated by means of single cell gel electrophoresis followed by silver staining in spermatozoa from healthy donors did not exceed 3,1+/-0,6. The frequency of DNA damages in sperm of patients with abnormal index of teratozoospermia exceeded 39,6+/-7,4% (p

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::8a0d3d39702985166bd901b0514ac1f1Test
https://doi.org/10.18565/urology.2021.5.55-58Test

3

Systemic mucormycosis caused by Rhizopus microsporus in a captive bottlenose dolphin

المؤلفون: Chen-Hsuan Liu, Yamian Wang, Songbiao Chen, Dewen Tong, Yanping Qi, Lingling Chang, Bichen Miao

المصدر: Veterinary Medicine and Science, Vol 7, Iss 6, Pp 2404-2409 (2021)
Veterinary Medicine and Science

الوصف: A 6‐year‐old female bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) kept in dolphinarium died after a 3.5‐month period of lethargy and inappetence despite antibiotics and supportive care. At necropsy, gross findings included diffuse varying‐sized nodules in the lungs and scattered nodules throughout the heart, spleen, mesenteric and hilar lymph node and kidney. Microscopically, the lesions were characterised by disseminated fungal pyogranulomas with numerous intralesional Mucor‐like fungi. The fungi structures were demonstrated by Periodic acid‐Schiff and Gomori methenamine silver stain. Molecular analyses of the fungi were Rhizopus microsporus by PCR sequencing 18S ribosomal RNA gene. Ziehl–Neelsen stain failed to show acid‐fast bacterial infection. Based on pathological and molecular examination, systemic granulomatous mucormycosis was diagnosed. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of systemic mucormycosis caused by Rhizopus microsporus in bottlenose dolphin.
This study reported systemic mucormycosis in a bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). The presence of the Rhizopus microsporus in bottlenose dolphin was reported for the first time in China.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::74008cce8a5a3a2f689da11056b2995fTest
https://doaj.org/article/179e99a576be4b33adfedea4c9330da7Test

4

Investigation of the direct and indirect mechanisms of primary blast insult to the brain

المؤلفون: Joseph B. Long, Venkata Siva Sai Sujith Sajja, Aravind Sundaramurthy, Jose E. Rubio, Maciej Skotak, Jaques Reifman, Eren Alay, Stephen Van Albert, Ginu Unnikrishnan, Dhananjay Radhakrishnan Subramaniam, Namas Chandra, Franco Rossetti

المصدر: Scientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2021)
Scientific Reports

الوصف: The interaction of explosion-induced blast waves with the head (i.e., a direct mechanism) or with the torso (i.e., an indirect mechanism) presumably causes traumatic brain injury. However, the understanding of the potential role of each mechanism in causing this injury is still limited. To address this knowledge gap, we characterized the changes in the brain tissue of rats resulting from the direct and indirect mechanisms at 24 h following blast exposure. To this end, we conducted separate blast-wave exposures on rats in a shock tube at an incident overpressure of 130 kPa, while using whole-body, head-only, and torso-only configurations to delineate each mechanism. Then, we performed histopathological (silver staining) and immunohistochemical (GFAP, Iba-1, and NeuN staining) analyses to evaluate brain-tissue changes resulting from each mechanism. Compared to controls, our results showed no significant changes in torso-only-exposed rats. In contrast, we observed significant changes in whole-body-exposed (GFAP and silver staining) and head-only-exposed rats (silver staining). In addition, our analyses showed that a head-only exposure causes changes similar to those observed for a whole-body exposure, provided the exposure conditions are similar. In conclusion, our results suggest that the direct mechanism is the major contributor to blast-induced changes in brain tissues.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::fa438a592cae2f9f2e6798458b0d0daaTest
https://doaj.org/article/8c5dc977b7d741b781ff719e1e0fac12Test

5

Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing for the Diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in Non-HIV-Infected Patients: A Retrospective Study

المؤلفون: Jian An, Wenzhong Peng, Lu Bai, Yuanyuan Li, Juan Jiang, Pinhua Pan, Wei Yang, Yanhao Wu

المصدر: Infectious Diseases and Therapy

الوصف: Introduction This study aimed to evaluate the utility of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for the diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) in non-human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. Methods We conducted a retrospective study. A total of 60 non-human immunodeficiency virus-infected PJP patients and 134 patients diagnosed with non-PJP pneumonia were included. P. jirovecii and other co-pathogens identified by mNGS in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and/or blood samples were analyzed. Using clinical composite diagnosis as the reference standard, we compared the diagnostic performance of mNGS in PJP with conventional methods, including Gomori methenamine silver staining and serum (1,3)-β-d-glucan. Modifications of antimicrobial treatment for PJP patients after the report of mNGS results were also reviewed. Results mNGS reached a sensitivity of 100% in diagnosing PJP, which was remarkably higher than Gomori methenamine silver staining (25.0%) and serum (1,3)-β-d-glucan (67.4%). The specificity of mNGS (96.3%) significantly surpassed serum (1,3)-β-d-glucan (81.4%). Simultaneous mNGS of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and blood samples was performed in 21 out of 60 PJP patients, and it showed a concordance rate of 100% in detecting P. jirovecii. Besides, mNGS showed good performance in identifying co-pathogens of PJP patients, among which cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus were most commonly seen. Initial antimicrobial treatment was modified in 71.7% of PJP patients after the report of mNGS results. Conclusion mNGS is a useful diagnostic tool with good performance for the diagnosis of PJP and the detection of co-pathogens. mNGS of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and/or blood samples is suggested in patients with presumptive diagnosis of PJP. Blood samples may be a good alternative to bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for mNGS when bronchoscopic examination is not feasible.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::8a74d3f479a22dc9ff9797e864a9d60bTest
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40121-021-00482-yTest

6

Polymorphism of nucleolar organizer regions in different Ukrainian cattle breeds

المؤلفون: V. Dzitsiuk, I. Mitiohlo, H. Typylo

المصدر: Agricultural Science and Practice. 8:29-36

مصطلحات موضوعية: Silver stain, Animal science, medicine.anatomical_structure, Polymorphism (computer science), Lactation, medicine, Chromosome, General Medicine, Nucleolus organizer region, Biology, Breed, Dairy cattle, Hybrid

الوصف: Aim. To study the activity of nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) in different Ukrainian cattle breeds in terms of their apparent activity status in silver stain and possible relation with milk productivity. Methods. Chromosome prepara- tions using lymphocytes from the peripheral blood of 90 cows of different breeds were used in the study. NOR activity was determined by visual evaluation of concentrations of silver precipitation on NORs in individual chromosomes. A 50 % silver nitrate solution was used to stain chromosome preparations. NORs were detected as dark spots on telomeres of the corresponding chromosomes. Results. The cytological analysis of chromosome preparations from lymphocytes of first lactation cows detected NOR polymorphism in Ukrainian Red-and-Motley dairy cattle (URM), Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed (UBW), and hybrid cows, obtained by crossing Ukrainian Red-and-Motley dairy breed and Montbeliarde bulls (URM × M). First lactation cows of URM and UBM had higher or the same inci- dence of cells with four (29.8 and 30 %) and five (17.1 and 19.5 %) NORs, while in URM × M cows the incidence of cells with the same number of NORs was almost twice lower; cells with 7 and 8 NORs exceeded a similar index for other investigated breeds almost twice (2.5 against 4.5 % and 2.0 against 4.2 %). The highest level of chromosomal aberrations (CA) was observed in the group of animals with medium number (2 to 3 NORs per cell), and the lowest – in the group with a high number of NORs (from 6 to 7) with a reliable intergroup difference (p < 0.01). NOR activity was the highest in the group of animals of local origin (URM × M) with a milk yield over 7,000 kg in 305 days of the first lactation and the lowest in the UBW cows with a milk yield of 4–5,000 kg during the first lactation. Conclusions. We determined the differences in the activity of nucleolar organizers between the investigated groups of cows of dairy breed. URM × M hybrids reliably (р ≤ 0.05) exceeded dairy UBW cows by this index. No statistically significant different was found between other investigated groups of animals by this trait. Higher dairy productivity was found in the animals with higher frequency of NORs in the chromosomes of metaphase cells. In our opinion, the number of active NORs demonstrates relative variability between their number and the rate of protein synthesis, required to implement the productivity traits of the investigated animals.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::650b121643868a3846612f497023a6abTest
https://doi.org/10.15407/agrisp8.01.024Test

7

Case report: histopathology and molecular pathology analysis on enteric tissue of a COVID-19 patient

المؤلفون: Yanling Feng, Jilin Cheng, Yuhan Shi, Wenjuan Guo, Tangkai Qi, Feng Li, Hongzhou Lu, Qingguo Wu, Yun Ling, Jingjing Xu, Yuexiang Yang, Shu Song, Lvyin Hu, Dong Zeng

المصدر: Diagnostic Pathology, Vol 16, Iss 1, Pp 1-6 (2021)
Diagnostic Pathology

الوصف: Aims Patients with COVID-19 can also have enteric symptoms. Here we analyzed the histopathology of intestinal detachment tissue from a patient with COVID-19. Methods The enteric tissue was examined by hematoxylin & eosin stain, PAS (Periodic acid–Schiff) staining, Gram staining, Ziehl–Neelsen stain and Grocott’s Methenamine Silver (GMS) Stain. The distribution of CD3, CD4, CK20 and CD68, cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) antigen were determined by immunohistochemistry. In situ hybridization (ISH) of SARS-CoV-2 and Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNA (EBER) were also performed. Results We observed mucosal epithelium shedding, intestinal mucosal erosion, focal inflammatory necrosis with hemorrhage, massive neutrophil infiltration, macrophage proliferation accompanied by minor lymphocyte infiltration. Fungal spores and gram positive cocci but not mycobacteria tuberculosis were identified. Immunohistochemistry staining showed abundant CD68+ macrophages but few lymphocytes infiltration. HSV, CMV and EBV were negative. ISH of SARS-CoV-2 RNA showed positive signal which mostly overlapped with CD68 positivity. Conclusions The in situ detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in intestinal macrophages implicates a possible route for gastrointestinal infection. Further study is needed to further characterize the susceptibility of enteric cells to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::54721fc31262001e48d9108d9c1244c3Test
https://doaj.org/article/d3ed447a5805401e914a2616b47e8c06Test

8

Test Your Knowledge

المؤلفون: Brooke H. Dubansky, Glenda F. Hood

المصدر: Journal of histotechnology. 45(2)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Silver stain, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Medical Laboratory Technology, Histology, Knowledge, business.industry, Reagent, medicine, Anatomy, business, Staining

الوصف: (1) What are the structures indicated by the blue arrows?(2) In this silver stain, which step/reagent is omitted that would normally prevent the yellow background staining?(3) What disease often pr...

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::248bc3b4496f25b6f71ae752add3a838Test
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35535489Test

9

Combined Application of Immunohistochemistry and Warthin-Starry Silver Stain on the Pathologic Diagnosis of Cat Scratch Disease

المؤلفون: Hongmei Zheng, Zhuoyang Fan, Yuting Zhan, Junmi Lu, Jinwu Peng

المصدر: Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology. 28:781-785

الوصف: Purpose Cat scratch disease (CSD) is an infectious disorder caused primarily by the bacterium Bartonella henselae (B. henselae). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Warthin-Starry silver stain (WS) are considered to be indispensable to diagnose CSD in combination with morphologic characteristics. In this study, we retrieved and reviewed 46 cases of paraffin-embedded lymphadenitis with histologic and/or clinical suspicion of CSD between 2014 and 2018, and detected B. henselae by IHC and WS, respectively, and evaluated the application significance of IHC and WS for the detection of B. henselae and validated their values in the pathologic diagnosis of CSD. Materials and methods B. henselae was detected by IHC and WS; validation of 2 methods for detecting B. henselae was evaluated by sensitivity, specificity, false-positive rate, false-negative rate, precision, negative predictive value, and agreement rate. Results Microscopically, suppurative granulomas and/or multiple stellate microabscesses were observed in the accessory cortex of lymph nodes, especially near the subcapsule. Our results showed that 80.4% (37/46) of cases were positive for B. henselae by IHC, manifesting mainly punctuate, granular, or linear to outline the shape of bacteria. However, the positive rate of B. henselae by the WS method was 52.2% (24/46). There was a significant difference between IHC and WS (P=0.023). Moreover, a positive percentage of B. henselae was 97.8% (45/46), which was detected by the combined application of IHC and WS. The combination of IHC and WS exhibited high sensitivity (97.8%) and good agreement rate (86.5%). Conclusion The combined application of the IHC and WS method may have important clinical advantages, which is with the highest sensitivity and agreement rate for pathologic diagnosis of CSD.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::1d530942825d636d8b2578875cabcc10Test
https://doi.org/10.1097/pai.0000000000000829Test

10

Gomori Methenamine Silver Stain on Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Is Poorly Sensitive for Diagnosis of Pneumocystis jiroveci Pneumonia in HIV-Negative Immunocompromised Patients and May Lead to Missed or Delayed Diagnoses

المؤلفون: Rita Abi-Raad, Matthew Grant, Maricar Malinis, Marwan M. Azar, Yuehong Liu, Rebecca Slotkin

المصدر: Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine. 144:1003-1010

الوصف: Context.—Direct visualization of Pneumocystis jiroveci organisms, using Gomori methenamine silver (GMS) staining in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL), is a historical gold standard that has been widely used for the diagnosis of P jiroveci pneumonia (PJP). However, the stain may be less sensitive in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–negative immunocompromised patients owing to a lower burden of organisms.Objectives.—To assess the sensitivity of the GMS stain on BAL fluid for the diagnosis of PJP in HIV-negative immunocompromised patients as compared to HIV-positive patients.Design.—We conducted a retrospective review from 2012 to 2018 to identify immunocompromised patients (≥18 years old) who underwent bronchoscopy with BAL GMS staining for the diagnosis of PJP. To assess for sensitivity, we sought to identify BAL GMS-positive cases and BAL GMS-negative cases of PJP. The BAL GMS-negative cases were categorized into proven and probable PJP.Results.—We identified 45 adult immunocompromised patients with proven and probable PJP, including 24 HIV-negative (11 BAL GMS-positive and 13 BAL GMS-negative) and 21 HIV-positive cases (all were BAL GMS-positive). The sensitivity of BAL GMS for the diagnosis of PJP in HIV-negative immunocompromised patients was 11 of 24 (46%) versus 21 of 21 (100%) in HIV-positive patients (CD4: median, 10 cells/mL; range, 3–300 cells/mL). Delayed or missed diagnoses were seen in 3 cases of BAL GMS-negative PJP. Re-examination of BAL GMS slides showed rare P jiroveci cysts in 1 case.Conclusions.—BAL GMS has poor sensitivity for PJP in HIV-negative immunocompromised patients. Using BAL GMS as a sole method for PJP may result in missed or delayed diagnoses in this population.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::722d7aa7d0a97aa6418caf0e3c38f8d7Test
https://doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2019-0394-oaTest

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