المؤلفون: S. Nickabadi, R. Ansari, B. Golmohammadi, P. Aghdasi

المصدر: Scientific Reports, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: DW silicon carbide nano-cones, Vibrational properties, FEM, Length, Apex angle, Medicine, Science

الوصف: Abstract A three-dimensional finite element model is used to investigate the vibrational properties of double-walled silicon carbide nano-cones with various dimensions. The dependence of the vibrational properties of double-walled silicon carbide nano-cones on their length, apex angles and boundary conditions are evaluated. Current model consists a combination of beam and spring elements that simulates the interatomic interactions of bonding and nonbonding. The Lennard–Jones potential is employed to model the interactions between two non-bonding atoms. The fundamental frequency and mode shape of the double-walled silicon carbide nano-cones are calculated.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/ca72db6b1704476b8f477a9d954a167dTest

المؤلفون: Giuseppe Marongiu, Antonio Capone, Marco Verona, Gianluca Piovan, Claudio Zorzi, Daniel Kendoff, Marta Bandino

المصدر: Prosthesis, Vol 5, Iss 4, Pp 1171-1183 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: revision surgery, total knee arthroplasty, bone loss, metaphyseal cones, metallic cones, Medicine

الوصف: Worldwide, the number of revisions to total knee arthroplasty procedures is increasing. Revision surgery is a challenging procedure, required for the management of bone loss after removal of the first implant. Although further long-term follow-up studies are needed, the use of cones in revisions of total knee arthroplasty yields reliability in fixation and stability to restore joint lines, especially in challenging surgeries with poor bone stock. The introduction of 3D-printed cones in revision surgery seems to be advantageous for AORI type III bone defects, especially in reducing intraoperative complications and procedure times. The aim of this study is to review the currently available literature to analyse clinical outcomes, complications, and radiographical results with the use of metaphyseal tantalum cones and new 3D-printed cones for the management of bone defects in the revision of total knee arthroplasty.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.mdpi.com/2673-1592/5/4/82Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2673-1592Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/77b07dc11ce744579c9896a493238f67Test

المؤلفون: Sarah E. Hadyniak, Joanna F. D. Hagen, Kiara C. Eldred, Boris Brenerman, Katarzyna A. Hussey, Rajiv C. McCoy, Michael E. G. Sauria, James A. Kuchenbecker, Thomas Reh, Ian Glass, Maureen Neitz, Jay Neitz, James Taylor, Robert J. Johnston Jr

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biochemistry, Medicine, Cell Biology, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Neuroscience, Physiology, Evolutionary Biology, Developmental Biology, Mental Health, Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified, poorly understood choice, old world monkeys, developing peripheral region, determine mechanisms specifying, human population sample, adult human tissue, l cone subtypes, div >< p, highly expressed early, l cones compared, cone fate early, l cones across, cone fate, human green, l cones, highly similar, cones make, retinoic acid, retinal organoids

الوصف: (A) 20 μm section of a fetal day 122 retina with expression of M-/L-opsin protein (magenta), Ki67 (cyan), and Hoechst/nuclei (white). M-/L-opsin protein is observed in the ONL. Ki67 expression indicates proliferating cells. (B) M- and L-opsin expression in control- and T3-treated WERI-Rb-1 retinoblastoma cells ( N = 1 experiment). The WERI-Rb-1 retinoblastoma cell line expresses M- and L-opsin at low levels [ 50 ]. T3, the active form of thyroid hormone, induces M- and L-opsin expression in WERI-Rb-1 cells [ 15 , 51 ]. Values indicate total pileup count normalized to total read count. Each data point indicates 1 nucleotide difference in M- or L-opsin . Original data sets are in S5 Data . (C–I) Analysis of M- and L-opsin mRNA expression in 130-day-old human fetal retina. (C) Example of M- and L-opsin mRNA expression in 130-day-old human fetal retina section. Anterior = left, posterior = right. Dorsal/ventral orientation is unknown. Colored boxes indicate regions shown in (D–G) zoomed in regions from (C) . The central region in (F) expressed opsin mRNA. The more peripheral regions in (D) , (E) , and (G) show no expression of opsin mRNA. (H) Quantification of cones expressing M- and L-opsin mRNA from the temporal to nasal sides of the globe. (I) Identification of retinal layers using Hoechst (light gray) in the experiment in ( S2C–S2H Fig ). M-opsin (blue), L-opsin (pink), and retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE, dark brown) colorimetric signals were deconvoluted to generate pseudo fluorescent images. These were overlaid with Hoechst nuclear counterstains to visualize retinal layers. ONL, outer nuclear layer; OPL, outer plexiform layer; INL, inner nuclear layer. Original data sets are in S5 Data . (PDF)

العلاقة: https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/_i_M-opsin_i_and_i_L-opsin_i_expression_in_fetal_retinas_and_WERI-RB-1_cells_/24983624Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002464.s002Test
https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/_i_M-opsin_i_and_i_L-opsin_i_expression_in_fetal_retinas_and_WERI-RB-1_cells_/24983624Test

المؤلفون: Sarah E. Hadyniak, Joanna F. D. Hagen, Kiara C. Eldred, Boris Brenerman, Katarzyna A. Hussey, Rajiv C. McCoy, Michael E. G. Sauria, James A. Kuchenbecker, Thomas Reh, Ian Glass, Maureen Neitz, Jay Neitz, James Taylor, Robert J. Johnston Jr

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biochemistry, Medicine, Cell Biology, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Neuroscience, Physiology, Evolutionary Biology, Developmental Biology, Mental Health, Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified, poorly understood choice, old world monkeys, developing peripheral region, determine mechanisms specifying, human population sample, adult human tissue, l cone subtypes, div >< p, highly expressed early, l cones compared, cone fate early, l cones across, cone fate, human green, l cones, highly similar, cones make, retinoic acid, retinal organoids

الوصف: (A) Schematic of retina with regions isolated using a 5 mm biopsy punch (as in Fig 2G with additional detail). White circle = optic nerve. Red lines = blood vessels. Yellow circle = macular pigment. (B–E) Validation of quantification of % of cells expressing M-opsin or L-opsin with HALO semi-automated image analysis software. (B) Images from 20 μm sections were probed for M-opsin (blue) and L-opsin (pink) mRNA. Images as in Fig 2H–2J . (C) HALO software deconvoluted the colorimetric M-opsin or L-opsin mRNA signals to generate pseudo fluorescent images (from Fig S3B ). (D) Manually counted average ratios of M and L cones as percent of M/L total cones across 3 individuals. One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test: Center L versus Middle L = no significance; Center L versus Periphery L p < 0.01; Middle L versus Periphery L p < 0.01; ** indicates p < 0.01. Data as in Fig 2K for comparison to Fig S3E . (E) HALO semi-automated software analysis of single deconvoluted representative images from the center, middle, and periphery regions ( Fig S3C ), showed similar ratios of M and L cones as manually scored retinas ( Fig 2K ). (F–H) Ratios of M and L cones as percent of M/L total cones for each individual; n > 850 cones for each region for each individual. Averages ratios are shown in Fig 2K . (PDF)

العلاقة: https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Quantification_of_cells_expressing_i_M-opsin_i_or_i_L-opsin_i_mRNA_in_adult_retinas_and_validation_/24983627Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002464.s003Test
https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Quantification_of_cells_expressing_i_M-opsin_i_or_i_L-opsin_i_mRNA_in_adult_retinas_and_validation_/24983627Test

المؤلفون: Sarah E. Hadyniak, Joanna F. D. Hagen, Kiara C. Eldred, Boris Brenerman, Katarzyna A. Hussey, Rajiv C. McCoy, Michael E. G. Sauria, James A. Kuchenbecker, Thomas Reh, Ian Glass, Maureen Neitz, Jay Neitz, James Taylor, Robert J. Johnston Jr

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biochemistry, Medicine, Cell Biology, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Neuroscience, Physiology, Evolutionary Biology, Developmental Biology, Mental Health, Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified, poorly understood choice, old world monkeys, developing peripheral region, determine mechanisms specifying, human population sample, adult human tissue, l cone subtypes, div >< p, highly expressed early, l cones compared, cone fate early, l cones across, cone fate, human green, l cones, highly similar, cones make, retinoic acid, retinal organoids

الوصف: (A) Identification of HEK293 cells using Hoechst (light gray) in the experiment in Fig 1I and 1J . M-opsin (blue) and L-opsin (pink). Blue arrow indicates a cell expressing M-opsin mRNA only. Pink arrows indicate cells expressing L-opsin mRNA only. Purple arrow indicates a cell expressing both M-opsin mRNA and L-opsin mRNA. Black arrow indicates an untransfected cell. Note that the Hoechst signal is reduced in cells that express M-opsin mRNA and/or L-opsin mRNA, likely due to the colorimetric signal blocking the fluorescent signal. (B) Identification of retinal layers using Hoechst (light gray) in the experiment in Fig 1K and 1L . M-opsin (blue) and L-opsin (pink). No cones co-expressed M-opsin mRNA and L-opsin mRNA. ONL, outer nuclear layer; OPL, outer plexiform layer; INL, inner nuclear layer. (C) Quantification of M-opsin mRNA-expressing, L-opsin mRNA-expressing, or M+L-opsin mRNA - expressing cells that express M/L-opsin protein for the experiments conducted in HEK293 cells in Fig 1I and 1J and adult human retina in Fig 1K and 1L . (PDF)

العلاقة: https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/In_situ_hybridization_strategy_to_visualize_i_M-opsin_i_and_i_L-opsin_i_mRNA_/24983621Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002464.s001Test
https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/In_situ_hybridization_strategy_to_visualize_i_M-opsin_i_and_i_L-opsin_i_mRNA_/24983621Test

المؤلفون: Sarah E. Hadyniak, Joanna F. D. Hagen, Kiara C. Eldred, Boris Brenerman, Katarzyna A. Hussey, Rajiv C. McCoy, Michael E. G. Sauria, James A. Kuchenbecker, Thomas Reh, Ian Glass, Maureen Neitz, Jay Neitz, James Taylor, Robert J. Johnston Jr

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biochemistry, Medicine, Cell Biology, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Neuroscience, Physiology, Evolutionary Biology, Developmental Biology, Mental Health, Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified, poorly understood choice, old world monkeys, developing peripheral region, determine mechanisms specifying, human population sample, adult human tissue, l cone subtypes, div >< p, highly expressed early, l cones compared, cone fate early, l cones across, cone fate, human green, l cones, highly similar, cones make, retinoic acid, retinal organoids

الوصف: (A–C) Expression of CYP26A1 , CYP26B1 , and CYP26C1 in fetal human retinas by day of gestation and retinal region. CPM, log counts per million. Analyzed from [ 16 ]. Error bars for the 2 samples from fetal day 94 indicate SEM. Original data sets are in S3 Data . (A) Whole retina. (B) Central retina. (C) Periphery. (D) Protocol for human retinal organoid differentiation, adapted from [ 15 ]. (E) Expression of THRB (cone marker) and NRL (rod marker) during retinal organoid development. TPM, transcripts per million. Analyzed from [ 15 ]. Original data sets are in S6 Data . (F) No significant differences in overall densities of M + L cones at day 200 in early RA treatment conditions (as in Fig 3F–3H ) (Dunnett’s multiple comparison’s test, against “No RA” control: “RA to day 60” p = 0.98, “RA to day 130” p = 0.32). Significant difference between “No RA” and “Late RA” conditions (Dunnett’s multiple comparison’s test, * indicates p < 0.05) (as in Fig 3I ). Error bars indicate SEM. Individual circles represent individual organoids. Original data sets are in S3 Data . (G) Representative brightfield image of a retinal organoid in “RA to day 130” conditions. (H) Representative brightfield image of a retinal organoid in “Late RA” conditions. (PDF)

العلاقة: https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/_i_CYP26A1_B1_C1_i_expression_during_fetal_retinal_development_and_organoid_differentiation_experiments_/24983630Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002464.s004Test
https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/_i_CYP26A1_B1_C1_i_expression_during_fetal_retinal_development_and_organoid_differentiation_experiments_/24983630Test

المؤلفون: Sarah E. Hadyniak, Joanna F. D. Hagen, Kiara C. Eldred, Boris Brenerman, Katarzyna A. Hussey, Rajiv C. McCoy, Michael E. G. Sauria, James A. Kuchenbecker, Thomas Reh, Ian Glass, Maureen Neitz, Jay Neitz, James Taylor, Robert J. Johnston Jr

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biochemistry, Medicine, Cell Biology, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Neuroscience, Physiology, Evolutionary Biology, Developmental Biology, Mental Health, Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified, poorly understood choice, old world monkeys, developing peripheral region, determine mechanisms specifying, human population sample, adult human tissue, l cone subtypes, div >< p, highly expressed early, l cones compared, cone fate early, l cones across, cone fate, human green, l cones, highly similar, cones make, retinoic acid, retinal organoids

الوصف: The rs372754794 SNP at the NR2F2/NR2F2-AS1 locus lies in a putative regulatory region. (A) Expression of NR2F2 and NR2F2-AS1 in human fetal retinas, analyzed from [ 16 ]. Original data sets are in S3 Data . (B) Expression of NR2F2 and NR2F2-AS1 in human retinal organoids, analyzed from [ 15 ]. Original data sets are in S6 Data . (C) ReMap ChIP-seq database [ 52 ] shows that the rs372754794 SNP lies in an enhancer based on transcription factor binding. Each colored line indicates ChIP-seq binding data for a different transcriptional regulator. The ReMap density shows the density of the peaks overlap. (D) GeneHancer database [ 53 ] shows that the rs372754794 SNP neighbors a region predicted to physically interact and regulate NR2F2 and/or NR2F2-AS1 . (PDF)

العلاقة: https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Expression_of_i_NR2F2_i_and_i_NR2F2-AS1_i_during_development_/24983636Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002464.s006Test
https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Expression_of_i_NR2F2_i_and_i_NR2F2-AS1_i_during_development_/24983636Test

المؤلفون: Sarah E. Hadyniak, Joanna F. D. Hagen, Kiara C. Eldred, Boris Brenerman, Katarzyna A. Hussey, Rajiv C. McCoy, Michael E. G. Sauria, James A. Kuchenbecker, Thomas Reh, Ian Glass, Maureen Neitz, Jay Neitz, James Taylor, Robert J. Johnston Jr

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biochemistry, Medicine, Cell Biology, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Neuroscience, Physiology, Evolutionary Biology, Developmental Biology, Mental Health, Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified, poorly understood choice, old world monkeys, developing peripheral region, determine mechanisms specifying, human population sample, adult human tissue, l cone subtypes, div >< p, highly expressed early, l cones compared, cone fate early, l cones across, cone fate, human green, l cones, highly similar, cones make, retinoic acid, retinal organoids

الوصف: Gene names and corresponding chromosome coordinates for human genome assembly GRCh38. (PDF)

العلاقة: https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Genes_tested_in_association_study_/24983633Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002464.s005Test
https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Genes_tested_in_association_study_/24983633Test

المؤلفون: Sarah E. Hadyniak, Joanna F. D. Hagen, Kiara C. Eldred, Boris Brenerman, Katarzyna A. Hussey, Rajiv C. McCoy, Michael E. G. Sauria, James A. Kuchenbecker, Thomas Reh, Ian Glass, Maureen Neitz, Jay Neitz, James Taylor, Robert J. Johnston Jr

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biochemistry, Medicine, Cell Biology, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Neuroscience, Physiology, Evolutionary Biology, Developmental Biology, Mental Health, Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified, poorly understood choice, old world monkeys, developing peripheral region, determine mechanisms specifying, human population sample, adult human tissue, l cone subtypes, div >< p, highly expressed early, l cones compared, cone fate early, l cones across, cone fate, human green, l cones, highly similar, cones make, retinoic acid, retinal organoids

الوصف: (A) Association of L:M ratio and rs36102671 stratified by self-reported ancestry. Original data sets are in S7 Data . (B) rs36102671 association with altered splicing of RARA in whole blood from the Genotype Tissue Expression Project (GTEx). Original data sets are in S7 Data . (PDF)

العلاقة: https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/The_rs36102671_SNP_at_the_i_RARA_i_locus_is_associated_with_differences_in_cone_ratio_/24983639Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002464.s007Test
https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/The_rs36102671_SNP_at_the_i_RARA_i_locus_is_associated_with_differences_in_cone_ratio_/24983639Test

المؤلفون: Asia L. Sladek, Wallace B. Thoreson

المصدر: Frontiers in Ophthalmology, Vol 3 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: rods, cones, optogenetics, retina, synaptotagmin, rod pathways, Medicine

الوصف: IntroductionLight responses of rod photoreceptor cells traverse the retina through three pathways. The primary pathway involves synapses from rods to ON-type rod bipolar cells with OFF signals reaching retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) via sign-inverting glycinergic synapses. Secondly, rod signals can enter cones through gap junctions. Finally, rods can synapse directly onto cone OFF bipolar cells.MethodsTo analyze these pathways, we obtained whole cell recordings from OFF-type α RGCs in mouse retinas while expressing channelrhodopsin-2 in rods and/or cones.ResultsOptogenetic stimulation of rods or cones evoked large fast currents in OFF RGCs. Blocking the primary rod pathway with L-AP4 and/or strychnine reduced rod-driven optogenetic currents in OFF RGCs by ~1/3. Blocking kainate receptors of OFF cone bipolar cells suppressed both rod- and cone-driven optogenetic currents in OFF RGCs. Inhibiting gap junctions between rods and cones with mecloflenamic acid or quinpirole reduced rod-driven responses in OFF RGCs. Eliminating the exocytotic Ca2+ sensor, synaptotagmin 1 (Syt1), from cones abolished cone-driven optogenetic responses in RGCs. Rod-driven currents were not significantly reduced after isolating the secondary pathway by eliminating Syt1 and synaptotagmin 7 (Syt7) to block synaptic release from rods. Eliminating Syt1 from both rods and cones abolished responses to optogenetic stimulation. In Cx36 KO retinas lacking rod-cone gap junctions, optogenetic activation of rods evoked small and slow responses in most OFF RGCs suggesting rod signals reached them through an indirect pathway. Two OFF cells showed faster responses consistent with more direct input from cone OFF bipolar cells.DiscussionThese data show that the secondary rod pathway supports robust inputs into OFF α RGCs and suggests the tertiary pathway recruits both direct and indirect inputs.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fopht.2023.1146785/fullTest; https://doaj.org/toc/2674-0826Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/89cdfa0b54a4487ebe7ccdc29cd186deTest