المؤلفون: Amarasiri, Sachinthi S., Attanayake, Anoja P., Arawwawala, Liyanagae D. A. M., Jayatilaka, Kamani A. P. W., Mudduwa, Lakmini K. B.

المصدر: Evidence-based Complementary & Alternative Medicine (eCAM); 6/19/2020, p1-14, 14p, 6 Color Photographs, 5 Charts, 1 Graph

مصطلحات موضوعية: ALCOHOLS (Chemical class), ALKANES, ANIMAL experimentation, BIOCHEMISTRY, BLOOD testing, ETHANOL, KIDNEYS, LEAVES, PHENOMENOLOGY, ORAL drug administration, RATS, STAINS & staining (Microscopy), TOXICITY testing, TRADITIONAL medicine, PHYTOCHEMICALS, PLANT extracts, OXIDATIVE stress, IN vitro studies

مستخلص: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. (family: Malvaceae) has a long history of being used as a folk medicine in Sri Lanka. Despite the therapeutic use of this plant in traditional medicine, leaves of A. moschatus have not been subjected to scientific evaluation of toxicity/adverse effects in vivo. Thus, the present study was aimed to assess the acute and 28-day repeated-dose oral toxic effects of hexane (55 mg/kg), ethyl acetate (75 mg/kg), butanol (60 mg/kg), and aqueous (140 mg/kg) leaf extracts of A. moschatus in Wistar rats. Furthermore, identification of phytochemical constituents and determination of in vitro total antioxidant activity of the selected leaf extracts of A. moschatus were carried out. Repeated-dose oral administration of hexane and aqueous plant extracts produced no significant changes in the hematological profile and in selected biochemical parameters compared to the untreated healthy rats (p > 0.05). The administration of ethyl acetate and butanol extracts resulted in significant changes in some of the hematological parameters (p < 0.05), whereas biochemical parameters were not changed (p > 0.05). No significant changes in the relative organ weight of treated rats were observed (p > 0.05) except in the kidneys of Wistar rats treated with the ethyl acetate extract of A. moschatus (p < 0.05). Normal morphology with no signs of hemorrhages, necrosis, or inflammatory cell infiltrations was observed in the vital organs selected during the assessment of histopathology on H and E-stained tissue sections upon the treatment of selected extracts. Alkaloids were absent in the selected leaf extracts excluding the health risk for harmful alkaloids. The highest total antioxidant activity was reported in the butanol extract. In conclusion, the hexane and aqueous extracts of A. moschatus were completely nontoxic, whereas butanol and ethyl acetate extracts showed statistically significant changes in some hematological parameters and in relative organ weight of kidneys in healthy Wistar rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Amarasiri, Sachinthi S.¹ (AUTHOR) amssamarasiri@gmail.com, Attanayake, Anoja P.^1,2 (AUTHOR) anoja715@yahoo.com, Arawwawala, Liyanagae D.A.M.³ (AUTHOR) menukaarawwawala@yahoo.com, Jayatilaka, Kamani A.P.W.² (AUTHOR) ayomawijewardena@yahoo.com, Mudduwa, Lakmini K.B.⁴ (AUTHOR) lakminimudduwa@yahoo.com

المصدر: Journal of Ethnopharmacology. Sep2020, Vol. 259 Issue 06/15/2020, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *ANIMAL experimentation, *BLOOD testing, *CREATININE, *DOXORUBICIN, *HISTOLOGICAL techniques, *KIDNEYS, *LEAVES, *MEDICINAL plants, *METABOLITES, *NEPHROTOXICOLOGY, *RATS, *SERUM albumin, *STAINS & staining (Microscopy), *TRADITIONAL medicine, *PLANT extracts, *OXIDATIVE stress, *FOSINOPRIL, *BLOOD urea nitrogen

مصطلحات جغرافية: SRI Lanka

مستخلص: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. (family: Malvaceae), Asparagus falcatus (family: Asparagaceae) and Barleria prionitis Linn. (family: Acanthaceae) have been used in the treatment of kidney diseases in Sri Lankan traditional medicine. Besides the traditional use, scientific scrutinization of safe therapeutic use of these medicinal plants in the management of kidney diseases has not been reported to date. The three selected doses of the aqueous extracts of the selected medicinal plants were studied for their protective effects against adriamycin (ADR) induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar rats. Chemically standardized plant materials were used in the study. The nephroprotective activity of the lyophilized powder of the aqueous refluxed (4hr) leaf extracts of A. moschatus, A. falcatus and the whole plant extract of B. prionitis was investigated in adriamycin (20 mg/kg, ip) induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar rats (n = 6/group). The treatment regimens were initiated 24 h after the induction of nephrotoxicity and continued daily as a single dose for three consecutive days at three selected doses (200, 400 and 600 mg/kg). Fosinopril sodium (0.09 mg/kg) was used as the standard drug. Nephroprotective activity was assessed by estimating the selected biochemical parameters and by the assessment of histopathology on H and E stained sections of the kidney. The plant extracts at the three selected doses significantly attenuated the elevations in serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and the loss of urine total protein in a dose related manner in ADR induced nephrotoxic rats (p < 0.001). The serum concentration of albumin and total protein increased significantly (p < 0.001). Histopathological findings corroborated the biochemical evidence of nephroprotective activity. The aqueous extracts of the three selected medicinal plants exerted a relatively high antioxidant activity in vitro. Evaluation of the protective effects based on biochemical parameters and histopathology assessment revealed that the aqueous leaf extracts of A. moschatus , A. falcatus and the whole plant extract of B. prionitis possess significant nephroprotective activity against ADR induced acute nephrotoxicity. The secondary metabolites present in the plant extracts may attribute to the total antioxidant activities of the selected medicinal plant extracts thereby exerting protective effects against nephrotoxicity in Wistar rats. Image 1 • A. moschatus, A. falcatus, B. prionitis are widely used in Sri Lankan traditional medicine for kidney diseases. • The aqueous extracts of the selected plants showed protective effects against adriamycin induced acute nephrotoxicity. • Barleria prionitis showed the highest nephroprotective activity in vivo. • The nephroprotective activity might be mediated through the antioxidant properties of the plant extracts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]