المؤلفون: Hongchao Zhen, Yuhan Wei, Yuting Lu, Xiaoyue Jiang, Jiangtao Jin, Miao Wang, Qin Li

المصدر: Immunity, Inflammation and Disease, Vol 9, Iss 4, Pp 1584-1595 (2021)
Immunity, Inflammation and Disease

مصطلحات موضوعية: efficacy prediction, medicine.medical_specialty, Lung Neoplasms, medicine.medical_treatment, Immunology, Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor, ECOG Performance Status, Gastroenterology, Metastasis, clinical efficacy, PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitor, PD-L1, Internal medicine, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, Humans, In patient, Objective response, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, Retrospective Studies, biology, business.industry, Retrospective cohort study, Immunotherapy, Original Articles, RC581-607, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, advanced solid tumor, biology.protein, Original Article, immunotherapy, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, business

الوصف: Introduction Programmed death 1 (PD‐1)/programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) inhibitors are proved to be promising and are applied for the treatment of a variety of solid tumors. This retrospective study evaluated the efficacy of PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors in patients with advanced solid tumors and explore the effect of clinical characteristics on it. Materials and Methods From October 2017 to April 2020, a total of 90 patients from Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Friendship Hospital were enrolled. Results At a median follow‐up of 10.55 months, objective response was observed in 23 patients and the objective response rate was 25.6%. The median progression‐free survival (PFS) was 5.5 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.69–7.37). The 6m‐PFS was 45.8% and 12m‐PFS was 25.1%. The median overall survival (OS) was 16.9 months (95% CI, not reached [NR]‐NR). The 12m‐OS was 58.1% and 18m‐OS was 48.1%. Conclusion The efficacy of PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors in the treatment of advanced solid tumors was comparable to previous studies. ECOG performance status, smoking status, liver metastasis, neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio were independently correlated with PFS while liver metastasis and lactate dehydrogenase level were independently correlated with OS.
we evaluate the efficacy of programmed death 1 (PD‐1)/programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐1/PD‐L1) inhibitors in patients with advanced solid tumors and explore the effect of clinical characteristics. ECOG status, smoking status, liver metastasis status, and NLR might predict the recurrence between PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors treatment and liver metastasis, lactate dehydrogenase might predict the survival. This finding has great significance and value of the guidance for the application of immunotherapy.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::4ac27fe9d73aa684f34a349e058effc4Test
https://doaj.org/article/7e67fd62bbea405ca3ca1c424f2c1796Test

المؤلفون: Hai-Yang Chen, Yongchen Wang, Ximin Pan, Qinmei Xu, Changguan Tang, Peiyi Xie, Xiaochun Meng, Olivier Gevaert, Kaikai Wei, Hong Zheng

المصدر: BMC Cancer
BMC Cancer, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, medicine.disease_cause, DNA Mismatch Repair, Gastroenterology, Pseudoprogression, Surgical oncology, Internal medicine, Genetics, medicine, Advanced gastrointestinal malignancies, Humans, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, RC254-282, Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, Gastrointestinal Neoplasms, Retrospective Studies, Analysis of Variance, Univariate analysis, business.industry, Research, Age Factors, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, Cancer, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor, Retrospective cohort study, Immunotherapy, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Tumor Burden, Genes, ras, Treatment Outcome, Oncology, Female, KRAS, Tumor response, business

الوصف: Background Atypical tumor response patterns during immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy pose a challenge to clinicians and investigators in immuno-oncology practice. This study evaluated tumor burden dynamics to identify imaging biomarkers for treatment response and overall survival (OS) in advanced gastrointestinal malignancies treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Methods This retrospective study enrolled a total of 198 target lesions in 75 patients with advanced gastrointestinal malignancies treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors between January 2017 and March 2021. Tumor diameter changes as defined by immunotherapy Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (iRECIST) were studied to determine treatment response and association with OS. Results Based on the best overall response, the tumor diameter ranged from − 100 to + 135.3% (median: − 9.6%). The overall response rate was 32.0% (24/75), and the rate of durable disease control for at least 6 months was 30.7% (23/75, one (iCR, immune complete response) or 20 iPR (immune partial response), or 2iSD (immune stable disease). Using univariate analysis, patients with a tumor diameter maintaining a P = 0.034). The differences in age (HR = 1.09, P = 0.01), combined surgery (HR = 0.15, P = 0.01) and cancer type (HR = 0.23, P = 0.001) were significant. In multivariable analysis, patients with a tumor diameter with a P = 0.01) after adjusting for age, combined surgery, KRAS status, cancer type, mismatch repair (MMR) status, treatment course and cancer differentiation. Two patients (2.7%) showed pseudoprogression. Conclusions Tumor diameter with a

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::bc941f217af0fae0b3448d00c81044d3Test
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-021-08944-9Test

المؤلفون: Yan Ling, Bin Shi, Bao-Dong Qin, Ying Wu, Ke Liu, Jian Wang, Yuan-Sheng Zang, Xin-Cheng Zhou, Xiao-Dong Jiao

المصدر: Oncoimmunology
article-version (VoR) Version of Record
OncoImmunology, Vol 10, Iss 1 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Lung Neoplasms, medicine.drug_class, proton pump inhibitor, medicine.medical_treatment, Immune checkpoint inhibitors, overall survival, Immunology, Proton-pump inhibitor, Internal medicine, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, Humans, In patient, CTLA-4 inhibitor, Progression-free survival, RC254-282, Original Research, business.industry, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor, Proton Pump Inhibitors, Immunotherapy, RC581-607, Advanced cancer, Concomitant, Electronic database, immunotherapy, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, business, progression-free survival, Research Article

الوصف: Background The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of concomitant proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use on immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) efficacy among advanced cancer patients. Methods and Materials A systematic literature search of electronic database was performed to identify all potential reports. Then, meta-analyses were conducted to obtain pooled HRs with 95% CIs, which reveal the influence of PPI use on PFS and OS in patients receiving ICI treatment. Results A total of 7 studies with 3,647 advanced cancer patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The impact of PPI use was then evaluated on 3,340 patients for PFS and 3,647 patients for OS. Concomitant PPI use has a detrimental effect on the efficacy of ICIs that PPI use increased the risk of progression by 28% (HR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.17–1.40; I2 = 31.3%, Q test P = .21) when compared to those not receiving PPIs. Similarly, the meta-analysis showed that PPI use was also associated with shorter OS of advanced cancer patients receiving ICIs that PPI use increased risk of death by 39% (HR = 1.39, 95% CI 1.26–1.54; I2 = 36.5%, Q test P = .16). Sensitivity analysis showed that the pooled HRs were constant after excluding one study at a time, and no significant publication biases were detected. Conclusion The meta-analysis suggested that concomitant PPI use is significantly associated with low clinical benefit in ICI treatment, revealing a significantly reduced PFS and OS in advanced cancer patients receiving ICIs who are also exposed to PPI.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::b926027598205cd0cc6e9011d88d008cTest
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC8296970Test

المؤلفون: Yuehong Kong, Yifu Ma, Xiangrong Zhao, Jie Pan, Zhi Xu, Liyuan Zhang

المصدر: Frontiers in Oncology, Vol 11 (2021)
Frontiers in Oncology

مصطلحات موضوعية: Oncology, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Combination therapy, medicine.medical_treatment, lcsh:RC254-282, Metastasis, metastatic cancer, Internal medicine, PD-L1, medicine, Biological response modifiers, radiotherapy, Tumor microenvironment, biological response modifiers, biology, business.industry, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor, Immunotherapy, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, medicine.disease, Radiation therapy, biology.protein, Systematic Review, in-situ tumor vaccination, business, Adjuvant

الوصف: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1), and programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) have been approved for a variety of malignant tumors and are widely used to treat patients with metastatic disease. However, the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors is limited due to tumor heterogeneity, high tumor burden, and “cold” tumor microenvironment. Radiotherapy can improve the anti-tumor effects of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in various ways. As a new radiotherapy method, stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) or hypofractionated radiotherapy (HFRT) provides higher doses per fraction to the target lesions, thus achieving immune activation effects and overcoming tumor resistance to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment, which significantly improves the local and distant control of tumors. However, for different metastatic situations, radiotherapy plays different roles in the combination therapy. In oligometastatic status, radiotherapy can be used as a local radical treatment aiming to eliminate cancers in cooperation with systemic PD-1 inhibitors. In other circumstances, like bulky metastasis or multiple metastatic tumors, radiotherapy can be used as adjuvant to systemic immunotherapy. This review focuses on the underlying mechanisms and optimization strategies for the combination of radiotherapy and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy in metastatic disease.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::96957ac41e5388d48592392628fb5de2Test
https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.638873Test

المؤلفون: Masafumi Ikeda, Yasuhiro Kodera, Eishi Baba, Osamu Maeda, Yutaka Fujiwara, Hiroshi Nishihara, Katsuya Tsuchihara, Takayuki Yoshino, Tadao Takano, Yasushi Yatabe, Saori Mishima, Kiwamu Akagi, Akira Hirasawa, Hiroya Taniguchi, Kei Muro, Hiroyki Nishiyama

المصدر: International Journal of Clinical Oncology

مصطلحات موضوعية: 0301 basic medicine, Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor, Medical Oncology, DNA Mismatch Repair, B7-H1 Antigen, Special Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological, 0302 clinical medicine, Japan, Surgical oncology, Neoplasms, Internal medicine, dMMR, medicine, Humans, In patient, Molecular Targeted Therapy, Provisional clinical opinion, Mismatch repair-deficient advanced solid tumor, Clinical Oncology, business.industry, MSI-H, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor, Hematology, General Medicine, Immunotherapy, Guideline, medicine.disease, Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis, Primary tumor, Clinical trial, 030104 developmental biology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Surgery, DNA mismatch repair, business

الوصف: Background Novel therapeutic agents have improved survival outcomes in patients with advanced solid tumors. In parallel, the development of predictive biomarkers to identify patients who are likely to benefit from a certain treatment has also contributed to the improvement of survival. Recently, clinical trials have reported the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) advanced solid tumors. In Japan, a PD-1 inhibitor for dMMR advanced solid tumors, regardless of the primary tumor site, has been approved. However, there are some issues related to administering immune checkpoint inhibitors in the clinical practice setting, making it necessary to develop the guidelines. Methods Clinical questions (CQs) regarding medical care were formulated for patients with dMMR advanced solid tumors, and evidence to the CQs was collected by manual search to prepare recommendations. Then, the committee members voted to determine the level of each recommendation considering the strength of evidence, expected risks and benefits to patients, and other factors. Results The current guideline, which we consider a provisional clinical opinion at this point, describes the 11 requirements to be considered in terms of patients for whom dMMR testing is recommended, the timing and methods of dMMR testing, and clinical care systems required to perform dMMR testing properly and to administer immune checkpoint inhibitors safely. Conclusion This provisional clinical opinion proposes the requirements for performing dMMR testing properly to select patients who are likely to benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors and administering them safely. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s10147-019-01498-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::ca6f0c8876e4e6cbab212125113ac87fTest
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-019-01498-8Test

المؤلفون: Kai Wang, Xiangdong Zhou, Qi Wang, Xiaoxia Cui, Xiaoyu Zhang, Chunxue Bai, Li Zhang, Jian Zhang, Jianping Zhao, Peng Song, Xiaoju Zhang, Faguang Jin, Yao Yu, Li Bai, Xiaoli Zhu, Yanbin Zhou, Chengzhi Zhou

المصدر: Thoracic Cancer

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Lung Neoplasms, Adolescent, medicine.medical_treatment, Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor, Pembrolizumab, NSCLC, Multi‐omics, B7-H1 Antigen, Young Adult, Study Protocol, 03 medical and health sciences, Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological, 0302 clinical medicine, PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitor, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung, PD-L1, Internal medicine, Biomarkers, Tumor, medicine, Humans, Molecular Targeted Therapy, predictive biomarker, Lung cancer, Aged, Response rate (survey), biology, business.industry, General Medicine, Immunotherapy, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Clinical trial, Treatment Outcome, 030104 developmental biology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, biology.protein, Immunohistochemistry, Female, Nivolumab, business

الوصف: According to multiple studies, the objective response rate of PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors in the second‐line treatment of unscreened non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is only approximately 20%. Predictive biomarkers of treatment efficacies are still under investigation. In selected NSCLC patients with PD‐L1 expression ≥ 50%, the response rate of pembrolizumab in first‐line treatment can reach 44.8%. Moreover, patients with a higher tumor mutation burden (TMB) tend to achieve a better response with nivolumab. Besides PD‐L1 expression and TMB, taking all these indicators into consideration would hypothetically maximize the clinical response in a specific subgroup of patients. Our study aims to accumulate large and complete samples and clinical data to verify the biomarkers and their cutoff values related to the efficacy of PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors in Chinese NSCLC patients, and to construct a comprehensive predictive model by combining multi‐omics data with contemporary machine learning techniques. NSCLC patients administered treatment of anti‐PD‐1/PD‐L1 antibodies or a combination with other drugs have been enrolled. The estimated enrollment is 250 participants. A sophisticated predictive model of immunotherapy response in the Chinese population has not yet been developed. It is clinically and practically imperative to comprehensively evaluate the possible indicators of Chinese NSCLC patients through multiple test platforms, such as next generation sequencing, PCR, or immunohistochemistry. This study is registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR1900021395).

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::adb9f8018da18f4739ee639337e1c7efTest
https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-7714.13078Test

المؤلفون: Mehmet Asim Bilen, Jodi Lyn Layton, Whitley Hatton, Hamid Emamekhoo, Vadim S. Koshkin, Patrick Cotogno, Arpita Desai, Ellen Jaeger, Oliver Sartor, Charlotte Manogue, Pedro C. Barata, Brian E. Lewis, Arnab Basu, Deepak Kilari, Malcolm Light

المصدر: Frontiers in Oncology, Vol 10 (2020)
Frontiers in Oncology

مصطلحات موضوعية: 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Cancer Research, Chromophobe cell, Gastroenterology, metastatic renal cell carcinoma, lcsh:RC254-282, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Renal cell carcinoma, Internal medicine, medicine, Adverse effect, Lymph node, Original Research, business.industry, Acute kidney injury, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor, medicine.disease, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, Clinical trial, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Tolerability, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, monotherapy, Cohort, immunotherapy, business, first-line treatment

الوصف: Introduction: The treatment landscape of metastatic renal cell carcinoma has advanced significantly with the approval of combination regimens containing an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) for patients with treatment-naive disease. Little information is available regarding the activity of single-agent ICIs for patients with previously untreated mRCC not enrolled in clinical trials. Methods: This retrospective, multicenter cohort included consecutive treatment-naive mRCC patients from six institutions in the United States who received ≥1 dose of an ICI outside a clinical trial, between June 2017 and October 2019. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze outcomes including objective best response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and tolerability. Results: The final analysis included 27 patients, 70% men, median age 64 years (range 42-92), 67% Caucasian, and 33% with ECOG 2 or 3 at baseline. Most patients had intermediate risk (85%, IMDC) with clear cell (56%), papillary (26%), unclassified (11%), chromophobe (4%), and translocation (4%) RCC. All patients had evidence of metastatic disease involving the lungs (59%), lymph node (41%), CNS (19%), liver (11%), adrenal gland (11%), and bone (11%). The median time on ICI was 3.1 (0.1-26.8) months, and the median PFS was 6.3 (95% CI, 0-18.6) months. Among the 21 patients with an evaluable response, the best ORR was 33%, including two complete responses and five partial responses. The ORR was 29% (n = 1 complete response, n = 5 partial response) in clear cell and 5% (n = 1 complete response) in non-clear cell RCC. Adverse events (AEs) of any cause were reported in 37% and included fatigue (11%), dermatitis (11%), diarrhea (7%), and shortness of breath (7%). Significant AEs (30%) included shortness of breath (7%), acute kidney injury (4%), dermatitis (4%), Clostridium difficile infection (4%), cerebrovascular accident (4%), and fatigue (7%). Three patients discontinued therapy due to grade 4 AEs. Conclusions: In this multi-institutional case series, single-agent ICI demonstrated objective responses and was well tolerated in a heterogeneous treatment-naive mRCC cohort. ICI monotherapy is not the standard of care for patients with mRCC, and further investigation is necessary to explore predictive biomarkers for optimal treatment selection in this setting.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::72baaf9b29a04077ea16b6e461cf8366Test
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2020.581189/fullTest

المؤلفون: Shuang Li, Ying Cheng, Shuang Zhang

المصدر: Thoracic Cancer

مصطلحات موضوعية: 0301 basic medicine, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Oncology, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Lung Neoplasms, medicine.medical_treatment, Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor, immune checkpoint inhibitor, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitor, Internal medicine, medicine, Biomarkers, Tumor, Humans, Adverse effect, Neoplasm Staging, Chemotherapy, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Hazard ratio, General Medicine, Immunotherapy, Original Articles, Small Cell Lung Carcinoma, Progression-Free Survival, Clinical trial, 030104 developmental biology, First‐line treatment, meta‐analysis, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Meta-analysis, Female, Original Article, small cell lung cancer, business, PD-L1 inhibitor

الوصف: Background Immunotherapy has afforded new treatment options for extensive small cell lung cancer (ES‐SCLC). However, reports on the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with chemotherapy on survival in ES‐SCLC patients are inconsistent. Therefore, we conducted a meta‐analysis on the efficacy and safety of ICI combined with chemotherapy for ES‐SCLC. Methods We searched for randomized controlled clinical trials related to first‐line treatment of ES‐SCLC with ICI combined with chemotherapy in PUBMED, ESMO, ASCO, and WCLC since 2018. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS). Results Four studies were included. Compared to chemotherapy alone, ICI in combination with chemotherapy as first‐line treatment reduced the risk of death (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.68–0.86; P
This is a meta‐analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of PD‐L1/PD‐1 immunotherapy combined with first‐line chemotherapy for extensive small cell lung cancer. A total of 1538 patients from four trials were included in our meta‐analysis. Our study proved that PD‐L1/PD‐1 immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy can significantly improve the OS and PFS of first‐line ES‐ SCLC.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::a87475d0ea5c1621ac79cc4a9f6e09d4Test
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33058504Test

المؤلفون: Ao Sun, Elaine Lai-Han Leung, Pei-Yu Yan, Ze-Bo Jiang, Ju-Min Huang, Jia-Xin Li, Run-Ze Li

المصدر: Integrative Cancer Therapies, Vol 18 (2019)
Integrative Cancer Therapies

مصطلحات موضوعية: 0301 basic medicine, Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Durvalumab, Lung Neoplasms, medicine.medical_treatment, Population, Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor, review, Antineoplastic Agents, Pembrolizumab, Review Article, lcsh:RC254-282, B7-H1 Antigen, Targeted therapy, Avelumab, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, non–small cell lung cancer, combinational therapy, Atezolizumab, Internal medicine, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung, medicine, Humans, Medicine, Chinese Traditional, Lung cancer, education, education.field_of_study, business.industry, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor, medicine.disease, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, 030104 developmental biology, Complementary and alternative medicine, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, biomarker, Chinese herbal medicine, Immunotherapy, Nivolumab, business, medicine.drug

الوصف: Conventional methods in treating non–small cell lung cancer contain surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted therapy, which have various defects. Recently, with the deeper research on tumor immunity, immunotherapy has made the breakthrough in the treatment of cancers. Especially developments of programmed cell death-1/programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) inhibitors bring the therapy into a new stage. This review mainly focuses on introducing existing monoclonal antibodies containing nivolumab, pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, avelumab, and durvalumab, along with 3 ordinary biomarkers such as PD-L1 expression, tumor mutation burden, and microsatellite instability. By understanding the resistance mechanism of anti-PD-1/L1 blockade, research is further improving the survival benefit and expanding the benefit population. So, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors begin to be combined with various therapeutic strategies clinically. Discussion and comparison of their effectiveness and safety are also comprehensively reviewed. Meanwhile, we explore the potential, the impact, and mechanisms of combining traditional Chinese medicine with immunotherapy.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::e87e18cf82928788a90008cb407d028cTest
https://doaj.org/article/622118b438a94a22b285817aece42af3Test

المؤلفون: Eun Young Kim, SuA Oh, Heeyoung Lee

المصدر: Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 10, Iss 3612, p 3612 (2021)
Journal of Clinical Medicine

مصطلحات موضوعية: Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Review, Gastroesophageal Junction, law.invention, Randomized controlled trial, law, Internal medicine, PD-L1, medicine, In patient, Adverse effect, biology, gastric esophageal cancer, business.industry, Cancer, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Cancer treatment, meta-analysis, Meta-analysis, biology.protein, Medicine, business

الوصف: Programmed death 1 (PD-1) and PD ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors have demonstrated varying effectiveness in treating esophageal or gastric/gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) cancer. Hence, this systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment in patients with esophageal or G/GEJ cancer by analyzing the types of medications. Randomized controlled trials comparing anti-PD-1/PD-L1 to control therapy were identified by searching PubMed, EMBASE, and ClinicalTrials.gov. The outcomes included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) rates, and serious adverse events (SAEs), evaluating the differences in therapy types, including a comparison between PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors. Eight studies were included in the analysis. PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors affected the overall OS rate increment without influencing the PFS rate (HR, 0.837; 95% CI, 0.753–0.929; p = 0.001; HR 0.991; 95% CI, 0.778–1.263; p = 0.942, respectively). Anti-PD-1 was significantly more beneficial for increasing OS and PFS than PD-L1 inhibitors. Anti-PD-1 and PD-L1 use was not significantly associated with SAE development in esophageal or G/GEJ cancer patients. PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor use was associated with improved OS and PFS rate increase among PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors. Considering response variations to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 usage, more individualized treatments should be introduced in clinical practice.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::097539d27cbce5525244ac8529a0733fTest
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10163612Test