المؤلفون: Avni, Raz, Zhao, Rongrong, Pearce, Stephen, Jun, Yan, Uauy, Cristobal, Tabbita, Facundo, Fahima, Tzion, Slade, Ann, Dubcovsky, Jorge, Distelfeld, Assaf

المصدر: Planta. 239(2)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Agriculture, Land and Farm Management, Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences, Crop and Pasture Production, Genetics, Biological Transport, Biomass, Chlorophyll, Edible Grain, Ethyl Methanesulfonate, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Gene Knockout Techniques, Iron, Micronutrients, Mutation, Nitrogen, Phenotype, Photosynthesis, Plant Leaves, Plant Proteins, Plants, Genetically Modified, Time Factors, Transcription Factors, Triticum, Zinc, Grain protein content, NAM transcription factor, Remobilization, Senescence, Plant Biology, Plant Biology & Botany, Agricultural biotechnology, Plant biology

الوصف: In wheat, monocarpic senescence is a tightly regulated process during which nitrogen (N) and micronutrients stored pre-anthesis are remobilized from vegetative tissues to the developing grains. Recently, a close connection between senescence and remobilization was shown through the map-based cloning of the GPC (grain protein content) gene in wheat. GPC-B1 encodes a NAC transcription factor associated with earlier senescence and increased grain protein, iron and zinc content, and is deleted or non-functional in most commercial wheat varieties. In the current research, we identified 'loss of function' ethyl methanesulfonate mutants for the two GPC-B1 homoeologous genes; GPC-A1 and GPC-D1, in a hexaploid wheat mutant population. The single gpc-a1 and gpc-d1 mutants, the double gpc-1 mutant and control lines were grown under field conditions at four locations and were characterized for senescence, GPC, micronutrients and yield parameters. Our results show a significant delay in senescence in both the gpc-a1 and gpc-d1 single mutants and an even stronger effect in the gpc-1 double mutant in all the environments tested in this study. The accumulation of total N in the developing grains showed a similar increase in the control and gpc-1 plants until 25 days after anthesis (DAA) but at 41 and 60 DAA the control plants had higher grain N content than the gpc-1 mutants. At maturity, GPC in all mutants was significantly lower than in control plants while grain weight was unaffected. These results demonstrate that the GPC-A1 and GPC-D1 genes have a redundant function and play a major role in the regulation of monocarpic senescence and nutrient remobilization in wheat.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1sd065mzTest

المؤلفون: Waters, Brian M, Uauy, Cristobal, Dubcovsky, Jorge, Grusak, Michael A

المصدر: Journal of Experimental Botany. 60(15)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Genetics, Prevention of disease and conditions, and promotion of well-being, 3.3 Nutrition and chemoprevention, Cardiovascular, Stroke, Metabolic and endocrine, Cancer, Biological Transport, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Iron, Nitrogen, Plant Components, Aerial, Plant Proteins, Transcription Factors, Triticum, Zinc, Biofortification, grain protein content, iron, remobilization, senescence, zinc, Plant Biology, Crop and Pasture Production, Plant Biology & Botany

الوصف: The NAM-B1 gene is a NAC transcription factor that affects grain nutrient concentrations in wheat (Triticum aestivum). An RNAi line with reduced expression of NAM genes has lower grain protein, iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) concentrations. To determine whether decreased remobilization, lower plant uptake, or decreased partitioning to grain are responsible for this phenotype, mineral dynamics were quantified in wheat tissues throughout grain development. Control and RNAi wheat were grown in potting mix and hydroponics. Mineral (Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, P, S, and Zn) and nitrogen (N) contents of organs were determined at regular intervals to quantify the net remobilization from vegetative tissues and the accumulation of nutrients in grain. Total nutrient accumulation was similar between lines, but grain Fe, Zn, and N were at lower concentrations in the NAM knockdown line. In potting mix, net remobilization of N, Fe, and Zn from vegetative tissues was impaired in the RNAi line. In hydroponics with ample nutrients, net remobilization was not observed, but grain Fe and Zn contents and concentrations remained lower in the RNAi line. When Fe or Zn was withheld post-anthesis, both lines demonstrated remobilization. These results suggest that a major effect of the NAM genes is an increased efflux of nutrients from the vegetative tissues and a higher partitioning of nutrients to grain.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7df2q1x5Test

المؤلفون: Raz Avni, Facundo Tabbita, Stephen Pearce, Assaf Distelfeld, Rongrong Zhao, Jorge Dubcovsky, Tzion Fahima, Cristobal Uauy, Yan Jun, Ann J. Slade

المصدر: Avni, R; Zhao, R; Pearce, S; Jun, Y; Uauy, C; Tabbita, F; et al.(2014). Functional characterization of GPC-1 genes in hexaploid wheat.. Planta, 239(2), 313-324. doi: 10.1007/s00425-013-1977-y. UC Davis: Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/1sd065mzTest
Planta, vol 239, iss 2

مصطلحات موضوعية: Chlorophyll, GRAIN PROTEIN CONTENT, Time Factors, Mutant, Plant Biology, Plant Science, Remobilization, chemistry.chemical_compound, Gene Knockout Techniques, Nutrient, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Biomass, Micronutrients, Photosynthesis, Triticum, Plant Proteins, education.field_of_study, food and beverages, Plants, Plants, Genetically Modified, Horticulture, Zinc, Phenotype, Ethyl Methanesulfonate, Biotecnología Agrícola y Biotecnología Alimentaria, Senescence, Crop and Pasture Production, Ethyl methanesulfonate, Nitrogen, NAM transcription factor, Iron, Population, Plant Biology & Botany, Biotecnología Agropecuaria, WHEAT, Genetically Modified, Biology, Article, Anthesis, Botany, Genetics, education, Gene, Cloning, Biological Transport, Plant, Plant Leaves, chemistry, Gene Expression Regulation, MUTANTS, SENESCENCE, CIENCIAS AGRÍCOLAS, Mutation, Edible Grain, Transcription Factors

الوصف: In wheat, monocarpic senescence is a tightly regulated process during which nitrogen (N) and micronutrients stored pre-anthesis are remobilized from vegetative tissues to the developing grains. Recently, a close connection between senescence and remobilization was shown through the map-based cloning of the GPC (grain protein content) gene in wheat. GPC-B1 encodes a NAC transcription factor associated with earlier senescence and increased grain protein, iron and zinc content, and is deleted or non-functional in most commercial wheat varieties. In the current research, we identified 'loss of function' ethyl methanesulfonate mutants for the two GPC-B1 homoeologous genes; GPC-A1 and GPC-D1, in a hexaploid wheat mutant population. The single gpc-a1 and gpc-d1 mutants, the double gpc-1 mutant and control lines were grown under field conditions at four locations and were characterized for senescence, GPC, micronutrients and yield parameters. Our results show a significant delay in senescence in both the gpc-a1 and gpc-d1 single mutants and an even stronger effect in the gpc-1 double mutant in all the environments tested in this study. The accumulation of total N in the developing grains showed a similar increase in the control and gpc-1 plants until 25 days after anthesis (DAA) but at 41 and 60 DAA the control plants had higher grain N content than the gpc-1 mutants. At maturity, GPC in all mutants was significantly lower than in control plants while grain weight was unaffected. These results demonstrate that the GPC-A1 and GPC-D1 genes have a redundant function and play a major role in the regulation of monocarpic senescence and nutrient remobilization in wheat. Fil: Avni, Raz. Tel Aviv University; Israel Fil: Zhao, Rongrong. China Agricultural University; República de China. University of California at Davis; Estados Unidos Fil: Pearce, Stephen. University of California at Davis; Estados Unidos Fil: Jun, Yan. University of Haifa; Israel Fil: Uauy, Cristobal. University of California at Davis; Estados Unidos Fil: Tabbita, Facundo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. University of California at Davis; Estados Unidos Fil: Fahima, Tzion. University of Haifa; Israel Fil: Slade, Ann. Arcadia Biosciences Inc.; Estados Unidos Fil: Dubcovsky, Jorge. University of California at Davis; Estados Unidos Fil: Distelfeld, Assaf. Tel Aviv University; Israel

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::161e639fca20a7cdd370bed653fdbcdeTest
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00425-013-1977-yTest

المؤلفون: Cristobal Uauy, Michael A. Grusak, Jorge Dubcovsky, Brian M. Waters

المصدر: Journal of experimental botany, vol 60, iss 15
Waters, BM; Uauy, C; Dubcovsky, J; & Grusak, MA. (2009). Wheat (Triticum aestivum) NAM proteins regulate the translocation of iron, zinc, and nitrogen compounds from vegetative tissues to grain. Journal of Experimental Botany, 60(15), 4263-4274. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erp257. UC Davis: Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7df2q1x5Test

مصطلحات موضوعية: Crop and Pasture Production, grain protein content, senescence, Physiology, Nitrogen, Iron, Plant Biology & Botany, Biofortification, chemistry.chemical_element, Plant Biology, Plant Science, Zinc, Biology, Nutrient, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Genetics, Poaceae, Nitrogen cycle, Triticum, Plant Proteins, Phosphorus, zinc, food and beverages, Aerial, Biological Transport, Plant, Plant Components, Aerial, Hydroponics, Potting soil, Horticulture, remobilization, Agronomy, chemistry, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Components, Transcription Factors

الوصف: The NAM-B1 gene is a NAC transcription factor that affects grain nutrient concentrations in wheat (Triticum aestivum). An RNAi line with reduced expression of NAM genes has lower grain protein, iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) concentrations. To determine whether decreased remobilization, lower plant uptake, or decreased partitioning to grain are responsible for this phenotype, mineral dynamics were quantified in wheat tissues throughout grain development. Control and RNAi wheat were grown in potting mix and hydroponics. Mineral (Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, P, S, and Zn) and nitrogen (N) contents of organs were determined at regular intervals to quantify the net remobilization from vegetative tissues and the accumulation of nutrients in grain. Total nutrient accumulation was similar between lines, but grain Fe, Zn, and N were at lower concentrations in the NAM knockdown line. In potting mix, net remobilization of N, Fe, and Zn from vegetative tissues was impaired in the RNAi line. In hydroponics with ample nutrients, net remobilization was not observed, but grain Fe and Zn contents and concentrations remained lower in the RNAi line. When Fe or Zn was withheld post-anthesis, both lines demonstrated remobilization. These results suggest that a major effect of the NAM genes is an increased efflux of nutrients from the vegetative tissues and a higher partitioning of nutrients to grain.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::57a096e7da438d870d6af3ddfafc1ed2Test
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19858116Test