المؤلفون: Smout, Scarlett¹ Scarlett.smout@sydney.edu.au, Gardner, Lauren A¹, Champion, Katrina E¹, Osman, Bridie¹, Kihas, Ivana¹, Thornton, Louise^1,2, Teesson, Maree¹, Newton, Nicola C¹, Burrows, Tracy³

المصدر: Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry. Aug2023, Vol. 57 Issue 8, p1172-1183. 12p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *HIGH schools, *COMPULSIVE eating, *BEVERAGES, *ALCOHOLISM, *CONFIDENCE intervals, *RISK assessment, *ENERGY drinks, *PSYCHOLOGY of high school students, *RESEARCH funding, *DESCRIPTIVE statistics, *SMOKING, *PSYCHOLOGICAL distress, *CHILDREN, *ADOLESCENCE

مصطلحات جغرافية: AUSTRALIA

مستخلص: Objective: Research shows highly palatable foods can elicit addictive eating behaviours or 'food addiction'. Early adolescence is theorised to be a vulnerable period for the onset of addictive eating behaviours, yet minimal research has examined this. This study explored the prevalence and correlates of addictive eating behaviours in a large early adolescent sample. Methods: 6640 Australian adolescents (Mage = 12.7 ± 0.5, 49%F) completed an online survey. Addictive eating was measured with the Child Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS-C). Negative-binomial generalised linear models examined associations between addictive eating symptoms and high psychological distress, energy drink consumption, sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption, alcohol use, and cigarette use. Results: Mean YFAS-C symptom criteria count was 1.36 ± 1.47 (of 7). 18.3% of participants met 3+ symptoms, 7.5% endorsed impairment and 5.3% met the diagnostic threshold for food addiction. All examined behavioural and mental health variables were significantly associated with addictive eating symptoms. Effects were largest for high psychological distress and cigarette use; with those exhibiting high psychological distress meeting 0.65 more criteria (95%CI = 0.58–0.72, p < 0.001) and those who smoked a cigarette meeting 0.51 more criteria (95%CI = 0.26–0.76, p < 0.001). High psychological distress and consumption of SSB and energy drinks remained significant when modelling all predictors together. Conclusion: In this large adolescent study, addictive eating symptoms were common. Further research should establish directionality and causal mechanisms behind the association between mental ill-health, alcohol and tobacco use, and addictive eating behaviours. Cross-disciplinary prevention initiatives that address shared underlying risk factors for addictive eating and mental ill-health may offer efficient yet substantial public health benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Whatnall, Megan^1,2 (AUTHOR) megan.whatnall@newcastle.edu.au, Skinner, Janelle^1,2 (AUTHOR) janelle.skinner@newcastle.edu.au, Verdejo-Garcia, Antonio³ (AUTHOR) antonio.verdejo@monash.edu, Carter, Adrian³ (AUTHOR) adrian.carter@monash.edu, Brown, Robyn M.⁴ (AUTHOR) robyn.brown@florey.edu.au, Andrews, Zane B.^4,5 (AUTHOR) zane.andrews@monash.edu, Dayas, Chris V.^6,7 (AUTHOR) christopher.dayas@newcastle.edu.au, Hardman, Charlotte A.⁸ (AUTHOR) cah@liverpool.ac.uk, Loxton, Natalie^9,10 (AUTHOR) n.loxton@griffith.edu.au, Sumithran, Priya^11,12 (AUTHOR) priyas@unimelb.edu.au, Burrows, Tracy^1,2 (AUTHOR) tracy.burrows@newcastle.edu.au, Lane, Scott D. (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Behavioral Sciences (2076-328X). May2021, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p60. 1p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *COMPULSIVE eating, *MEDICAL personnel, *BINGE-eating disorder, *PSYCHOLOGISTS, *REWARD (Psychology), *SOCIAL workers

مصطلحات جغرافية: AUSTRALIA

مستخلص: The symptoms of addictive eating are often debated, with some overlap in symptoms with substance addictions or other disorders such as binge eating disorder. This study explored the levels of agreement with symptoms of addictive eating among different health professions, the conditions they provide advice for, and the population group/s they work with. An online cross-sectional survey was conducted in February–April 2020 including 142 health professionals (87% female, 65% residing in Australia, 28% each working in private practice/hospital settings). Of these, 47% were dietitians, 20% psychologists/psychotherapists/counsellors, 16% other health practitioners (e.g., social workers), 13% health researchers, and 5% medical professionals. Agreement with 11 statements relating to addictive eating symptoms was assessed on a scale of 1/strongly disagree to 5/strongly agree (e.g., certain foods produce physiological effects in the brain rewards system). Differences in agreement by health profession were assessed by one-way analysis of variance. There were significant differences in agreement with individual statements between health professions. Psychologists, psychotherapists, and counsellors reported lower agreement to statements relating to physiological effects in the reward system, withdrawal symptoms, and over-eating to alleviate stress/anxiety, than other professions (p < 0.05). Those providing advice for disordered eating only reported lower agreement across statements compared with those providing advice for overweight/obesity or both (p < 0.001). There were minimal differences based on the population group/s that health professionals work with. There is some agreement among health professionals regarding addictive eating symptoms, however, this differs by profession and the conditions they treat. This study provides a novel perspective on health professionals' views on addictive eating symptoms, and there is a need for more research to explore the concepts further. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Collins, Rebecca^1,2 (AUTHOR) Rebecca.Collins10@uon.edu.au, Haracz, Kirsti¹ (AUTHOR) Kirsti.Haracz@newcastle.edu.au, Leary, Mark^1,2 (AUTHOR) Mark.Leary@uon.edu.au, Rollo, Megan^1,2 (AUTHOR) Megan.Rollo@newcastle.edu.au, Burrows, Tracy^1,2 (AUTHOR) Tracy.Burrows@newcastle.edu.au

المصدر: Appetite. Apr2021, Vol. 159, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *COMPULSIVE eating, *AUSTRALIANS, *CONTROL (Psychology), *SUBSTANCE-induced disorders, *DESIRE, *FOOD habits, *OBESITY, *SELF-evaluation, *PSYCHOLOGICAL tests, *QUESTIONNAIRES, *COMPULSIVE behavior

مصطلحات جغرافية: AUSTRALIA

مستخلص: Research in the area of food addiction is continuing to increase with recent reviews suggesting that food addiction is a distinctive condition that has many symptoms similar to substance use disorders. The current study explored the perspectives and experiences of Australian adults seeking treatment for addictive eating. Quantitative data for this study was collected via self-report questionnaires completed online, including demographics, the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0, and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21. Qualitative data was collected via semi-structured interviews using open-ended questions about the individual experience of food addiction and perspectives regarding intervention and recovery. Interview data was available for 34 participants, with the majority (n = 33) being females who were overweight, (mean ± SD age = 42.9 ± 13.2 years, BMI=36.5 ± 6.8 kg/m2). Stress (19.9 ± 11.4 out of 21) and depression (16.8 ± 10.2 out of 21) were the most prominent negative emotional states. Thematic analysis identified two themes of compulsion and control. Compulsion distinguished the participants' experiences related to addictive eating behaviours, in particular the notion of craving. Control encompassed their perception of both the processes and outcomes of overcoming their addictive eating. The two themes identified were not mutually exclusive, and relationships between them and their influence on each other were observable. This study provides a unique contribution to understanding adults' experience of food addiction by highlighting the strong desire to be in control of eating behaviours, and the inability of participants to overcome their compulsions to eat specific food despite minimal anticipation of positive effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]