المؤلفون: Felici, Martina¹ (AUTHOR), Cogger, Naomi² (AUTHOR), Nanni Costa, Leonardo¹ (AUTHOR), Riley, Christopher Bruce^2,3 (AUTHOR), Padalino, Barbara¹ (AUTHOR) barbara.padalino@unibo.it

المصدر: BMC Veterinary Research. 4/26/2024, Vol. 20 Issue 1, p1-20. 20p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *HORSES, *AIR travel, *AIR freight, *HORSE health, *HEALTH behavior, *DRINKING (Physiology)

مستخلص: Background: Studies on equine air transport practices and consequences are scarce. This prospective study aimed to describe horse and air journey details and practices, document how horse behavior and health changed during the air transport phases, quantify the occurrence of welfare issues, and identify possible associations between horse and journey details, air transport practices, and welfare issues. Results: Data were collected from before departure to five days after arrival on 118/597 horses traveling on 32 commercial air journeys on different routes, varying in duration and conditions. Most horses were middle-aged warmblood females, 26% of which were pregnant, and being moved by air for sales. Before flying, most were quarantined (median: 18; IQR: 9–53 days), and their fitness for travel was certified by veterinarians. At the departure airports, external temperatures varied from − 6 °C to 33 °C, and horses were loaded by experienced flight grooms (median: 35; IQR: 15–40 years) into jet stalls (three-horse: 87%, two-horse: 13%). During the flights, horses were regularly watered (water intake median: 14 L) and fed ad libitum (feed consumption median: 8 kg). At the arrival airport, horses were unloaded from the jet stalls, and external temperatures ranged from − 5 °C to 32 °C. Then, all horses were transported to arrival quarantine by road. Air transport phases affected horses' health status and behavior; increased heart and respiratory rates and behaviors, such as pawing, head tossing, and vocalization, were mainly identified at departure and arrival. Horse interaction, nasal discharge, increased capillary refill time (CRT), and abnormal demeanor were observed more often one hour before landing while resting and normal capillary refill time were more often displayed five days after arrival (all P < 0.01). One hour before landing, horses with bad temperament and horses of unknown temperament were more likely to develop nasal discharge when transported in winter and autumn (P < 0.001). The likelihood of an increased CRT was associated with shorter flights in horses of unknown travel experience (P < 0.001). Ten horses were injured, and 11 developed pleuropneumonias (i.e., shipping fever). Conclusions: Air transport is a complex procedure with several different phases affecting horse health and behavior. Therefore, experienced staff should carefully manage each horse before, during, and after air journeys to minimize welfare hazards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Payne, Ryan A. ryan@nkbattorneys.com

المصدر: Air & Space Lawyer. Apr2024, Vol. 36 Issue 2, p7-12. 6p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *AIR travel, *SUPERSONIC planes, *FLIGHT, *COMMERCIAL aeronautics, *ULTRASONIC testing, *MILITARY education

مستخلص: This article explores the regulatory structure governing civil supersonic transportation in the United States. It discusses the history of the Concorde and its retirement due to financial and safety concerns. The article argues that the current regulations, which prohibit supersonic flight over land, are outdated and hinder technological advancements in the field. It also examines the tension between federal policy goals and the ban on civil supersonic flights over land. The article concludes by calling for a reevaluation of the regulations to promote innovation and efficiency in aviation. It highlights advancements in technology, such as the Quiet Spike, that reduce the noise of sonic booms, and discusses economic impediments to further advances in supersonic flight. The article suggests potential solutions, such as granting exclusive rights to the first mover or government initiatives to encourage and reward supersonic advances. Overall, it argues for a review and amendment of the current regulatory framework to reflect the advancements that have made supersonic flight quieter and more feasible. [Extracted from the article]

المؤلفون: Garg, Ankur, Agarwal, Yogesh, Srivastava, Rajiv Kumar, Jakhar, Suresh Kumar

المصدر: Networks; Jun2024, Vol. 83 Issue 4, p653-672, 20p

مصطلحات موضوعية: AIRLINE schedules, FLIGHT crews, ROTATIONAL motion, FLIGHT, AIR travel, FLIGHT testing of airplanes, EMERGING markets, SCHEDULING

مستخلص: The commercial and operations planning in airlines has traditionally been a hierarchical process starting with flight schedule design, followed by fleet assignment, aircraft rotation planning and finally the crew scheduling. The hierarchical planning approach has a drawback that the optimal solution for a planning phase higher in hierarchy may either be infeasible for the subsequent phase or may lead to a sub‐optimal overall solution. In this paper, we solve a profit‐maximizing integrated planning model for clean‐sheet "rotated" schedule design with flight re‐time option and crew scheduling for a low‐cost carrier (LCC) in an emerging market. While the aircraft rotation problem has been traditionally modeled in the literature as a daily routing of individual aircraft for maintenance requirement, in this work we address the requirement of planned aircraft rotations as part of schedule design for LCCs. The planned aircraft routing is important in our case to create as many via‐flights as possible due to the underserved nature of the emerging market. We solve this large‐scale integer‐programming problem using two approaches – Benders Decomposition and Lagrangian Relaxation. For Lagrangian Relaxation, we exploit the special structure of our problem and intuitive understanding behind the Lagrangian duals to develop a multiplier adjustment approach to find an improved lower bound of integrated model solution. The crew‐pairing sub‐problem is solved using column generation through multi‐label shortest path algorithm followed by branch‐and‐price for integer solution. We test our solution methodology on a flight universe of 378 unique flights for different problem sizes by varying the number of aircraft available for operations. Our computational results show that within a reasonable run time of few hours both the approaches, Benders Decomposition and Lagrangian Relaxation, are successful in finding lower bounds of the integrated model solution, which are higher than the solution of traditional hierarchical approach by 0.5%–2.5%. We find Lagrangian Relaxation methodology to usually attain an improved solution faster than the Benders Decomposition approach, particularly for large‐scale problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Networks is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

العنوان البديل: انتخاب فرآی ند مناسب به هنگام اختالل در برنامه پرواز با استفاده از ی ک سیستم خبره مبتنی بر تصمیم گیری چند مع یاره فازی.

المؤلفون: Jangizehi, M.¹ m.jangizehi@eng.ui.ac.ir, Kenari, A. Rasouli² rasouli@qut.ac.ir, Hosseinkhani, J.³ hosseinkhani@iauzah.ac.ir

المصدر: Iranian Journal of Fuzzy Systems. Apr2023, Vol. 20 Issue 2, p121-133. 13p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *AIR travel, *EXPERT systems, *FLIGHT delays & cancellations (Airlines), *FLIGHT, *CUSTOMER satisfaction, *DECISION making, *MULTIPLE criteria decision making

مستخلص: The aviation industry is a complicated, sensitive, and challenging phenomenon. One of the major issues in the operation of streamlined processes in this industry is the management of proper decisions during the disruption of flight schedules. Such disruptions commonly reduce customer satisfaction and the profitability of the airlines. Since there are multiple reasons for the disruption of the flight schedules along with the different possible decisions, a correct decision is very difficult to make requiring the opinions of the specialist staff. In this research, an expert model using a “fuzzy multicriteria decision-making” method is proposed to provide a correct decision during the disruption of the flight schedules. The results show that the most important factors that make disruption of flight schedules are arrival delays and technical failure of the airline fleet. Besides, the most important possible decisions are the announcement of the delay and canceling of the flight. Thanks to utilizing the fuzzy analytical network process, the outcomes of the proposed expert model are in good alignment with the opinions of the specialist staff. The fuzzy analytical network process determines the values of 0.5124 and 0.2621 for the magnitude of the arrival delay and technical defect respectively. This method also determines the values of 0.7042 and 0.2076 for flight delay and flight canceling as the two most important possible decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Williamson, Kirsten M¹ (AUTHOR) Kirsten.Williamson@health.nsw.gov.au, Butler, Michelle¹ (AUTHOR), Elton, Benjamin¹ (AUTHOR), Taylor, Joanne^1,2 (AUTHOR), Islam, Fakhrul¹ (AUTHOR), Douglas, Michael P^3,4 (AUTHOR), Kirk, Martyn D⁵ (AUTHOR), Durrheim, David N^1,2 (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Journal of Travel Medicine. Dec2022, Vol. 29 Issue 8, p1-4. 4p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant, *AIR travel, *FLIGHT crews, *SARS-CoV-2

مصطلحات جغرافية: AUSTRALIA

الشركة/الكيان: DELTA Air Lines Inc. DAL

مستخلص: In June 2021, when COVID-19 incidence in Australia was low, a COVID-19 (Delta variant) cluster occurred on an 81-minute domestic flight, with an aircrew member as the likely source. Outbreak investigation demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 may be transmitted during short-haul flights and that mask use protected against infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Görlinger, Susann, Merrem, Caroline, Jungmann, Maximilian, Aeschbach, Nicole

المصدر: NPJ Climate Action; 11/6/2023, Vol. 2 Issue 1, p1-12, 12p

مصطلحات موضوعية: AIR travel, GREENHOUSE gases, FLIGHT

مستخلص: On the path towards net zero emissions in academia, reducing flight emissions is of high importance, yet particularly difficult to achieve. Flight emissions have a major share of the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of research institutions but reducing them is challenging, because flying has become an essential part of academic culture. While there is a large amount of literature on the relevance of flight reduction in academia, very little data and hands-on experience exists on what a successful reduction process might entail. This paper contributes to closing this gap by presenting data from interviews and surveys from eight academic institutions on reasons for air travel and alternatives, showing how a transdisciplinary approach can support a transformation from a high to a low flying culture, and suggesting a practical path forward with the aid of an open-access toolbox on how to reduce flight emissions in academia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of NPJ Climate Action is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Bellinghausen, Amy L, Mandel, Jess

المصدر: CHEST Journal. 159(5)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Lung, Genetics, Aerospace Medicine, Air Travel, Altitude, Humans, Lung Diseases, Medical History Taking, Oxygen Inhalation Therapy, Physical Examination, Pulmonologists, Respiratory Function Tests, Risk Assessment, air travel, flight, supplemental oxygen, Respiratory System, Cardiovascular medicine and haematology, Clinical sciences

الوصف: Advising patients before air travel is a frequently overlooked, but important, role of the physician, particularly primary care providers and pulmonary specialists. Although physiologic changes occur in all individuals during air travel, those with underlying pulmonary disease are at increased risk of serious complications and require a specific approach to risk stratification. We discuss the available tools for assessment of preflight risk and strategies to minimize potential harm. We also present a case discussion to illustrate our approach to assessing patients for air travel and discuss the specific conditions that should prompt a more thorough preflight workup.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7px1q6rjTest

المؤلفون: Uğurlu, Mehmet¹ drmugurlu1@gmail.com

المصدر: Anatolian Journal of Cardiology / Anadolu Kardiyoloji Dergisi. 2021 Supplement, pS20-S23. 4p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *DIABETES, *AIR travel

مستخلص: Although safe and fast, air travel can cause problems in diabetic passengers and pilots. In fact, most diabetes-related emergencies can be prevented during the flight. Diabetic passengers and pilots can fly safely with proper control and planning. In this review, we have discussed in detail the negativities caused by flights in diabetic passengers and pilots and some issues to be considered during and after the flight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Mahmood, Fahd, Harte, Collette, Allen, David, Clarke, Jon, Picard, Frederic

المصدر: European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology; May2023, Vol. 33 Issue 4, p919-925, 7p

مصطلحات موضوعية: THROMBOEMBOLISM risk factors, LEG surgery, PERIOPERATIVE care, RELATIVE medical risk, VEINS, AIR travel, SURGICAL complications, RETROSPECTIVE studies, POSTOPERATIVE care, RISK assessment, POSTOPERATIVE period, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, LONGITUDINAL method

مستخلص: Purpose: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a significant complication following lower limb arthroplasty (LLA). There is a paucity of evidence with regard to air travel following LLA. Orthopaedic surgeons are often asked by patients regarding air travel following LLA, and there is a need for evidence to guide these patients. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study. We identified two cohorts, one travelling to and from the hospital by air and another, by land. All patients received routine preoperative and post-operative care, and thromboprophylaxis, as per our hospital guidelines. We collected baseline demographics, ASA score and incidence of VTE at 90 days using local patient records and a national joint registry. We also recorded data on flight time and overland distance of travel. Results: Two hundred and forty-three patients travelled by air; mean flight time was 74 min. In total, 5498 patients travelled a mean 25.3 miles over land to the hospital. No differences in baseline demographics or ASA score were observed. Four patients developed a VTE in the flight group, with 32 patients suffering a VTE in the control group. There was a significant difference in the VTE rate between the flight and control groups (p < 0.05); the relative risk of developing a VTE in the flight group was 2.85. Conclusions: In our cohort, perioperative short haul air travel is associated with an increased risk of VTE at 90 days following LLA. Orthopaedic surgeons must ensure that their patients are cognizant of the risks associated with perioperative air travel and take measures to minimise these risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Lalk, Dominic (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Airfinance Journal. 4/1/2024, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *AIR travel, *PRICE inflation, *ECONOMIC demand, *CORPORATE profits, *OPERATING leases, FLIGHT

الشركة/الكيان: CATHAY Pacific Airways Ltd.

مستخلص: Cathay Pacific, an airline based in Hong Kong, experienced high yields and a net profit of $1.25 billion in 2023 due to capacity constraints caused by the pandemic. However, these high yields are expected to normalize in 2024 as the airline aims to return to pre-pandemic capacity levels. The chairman of Cathay Pacific, Patrick Healy, stated that the strong demand for travel after years of pandemic-related restrictions drove up yields, but as airlines worldwide increase capacity, this imbalance is expected to diminish. Cathay plans to increase its workforce by up to 20% this year and rebuild its network gradually. [Extracted from the article]

: Copyright of Airfinance Journal is the property of Euromoney Trading Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)