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المؤلفون: Tomohisa Okada, Katsutoshi Murata, David C. Van Essen, Thai Akasaka, Takayuki Yamamoto, Hui Zhang, Hikaru Fukutomi, Matthew F. Glasser, Joonas A. Autio, Kaori Togashi, Takuya Hayashi, Koji Fujimoto
المصدر: Scientific Reports, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2019)
Scientific Reportsمصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Neurite, Partial volume, lcsh:Medicine, Brain imaging, behavioral disciplines and activities, Article, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Magnetic resonance imaging, 0302 clinical medicine, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Neuroimaging, Neurites, medicine, Humans, Gray Matter, lcsh:Science, Physics, Multidisciplinary, Diffusion weighting, Human Connectome Project, medicine.diagnostic_test, lcsh:R, High B-Value, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, 030104 developmental biology, nervous system, Female, lcsh:Q, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Diffusion MRI
الوصف: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) are widely used models to infer microstructural features in the brain from diffusion-weighted MRI. Several studies have recently applied both models to increase sensitivity to biological changes, however, it remains uncertain how these measures are associated. Here we show that cortical distributions of DTI and NODDI are associated depending on the choice of b-value, a factor reflecting strength of diffusion weighting gradient. We analyzed a combination of high, intermediate and low b-value data of multi-shell diffusion-weighted MRI (dMRI) in healthy 456 subjects of the Human Connectome Project using NODDI, DTI and a mathematical conversion from DTI to NODDI. Cortical distributions of DTI and DTI-derived NODDI metrics were remarkably associated with those in NODDI, particularly when applied highly diffusion-weighted data (b-value = 3000 sec/mm2). This was supported by simulation analysis, which revealed that DTI-derived parameters with lower b-value datasets suffered from errors due to heterogeneity of cerebrospinal fluid fraction and partial volume. These findings suggest that high b-value DTI redundantly parallels with NODDI-based cortical neurite measures, but the conventional low b-value DTI is hard to reasonably characterize cortical microarchitecture.
وصف الملف: application/pdf
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::b5cae64b8d4c03e28f15a7c5fd2ad359Test
https://doi.org/10.1101/441659Test -
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المصدر: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
مصطلحات موضوعية: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Genu of the corpus callosum, Pan troglodytes, neuroanatomy, Biology, cortical parcellation, White matter, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, chimpanzee, evolution, medicine, Quantitative assessment, Animals, Humans, Letters, 10. No inequality, Prefrontal cortex, prefrontal cortex, Multidisciplinary, Biological Sciences, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Anatomy, Comparative, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, PNAS Plus, nervous system, Cytoarchitecture, Cerebral cortex, Macaca, Female, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Neuroanatomy
الوصف: Significance A longstanding controversy in neuroscience pertains to differences in human prefrontal cortex (PFC) compared with other primate species; specifically, is human PFC disproportionately large? Distinctively human behavioral capacities related to higher cognition and affect presumably arose from evolutionary modifications since humans and great apes diverged from a common ancestor about 6–8 Mya. Accurate determination of regional differences in the amount of cortical gray and subcortical white matter content in humans, great apes, and Old World monkeys can further our understanding of the link between structure and function of the human brain. Using tissue volume analyses, we show a disproportionately large amount of gray and white matter corresponding to PFC in humans compared with nonhuman primates.
Humans have the largest cerebral cortex among primates. The question of whether association cortex, particularly prefrontal cortex (PFC), is disproportionately larger in humans compared with nonhuman primates is controversial: Some studies report that human PFC is relatively larger, whereas others report a more uniform PFC scaling. We address this controversy using MRI-derived cortical surfaces of many individual humans, chimpanzees, and macaques. We present two parcellation-based PFC delineations based on cytoarchitecture and function and show that a previously used morphological surrogate (cortex anterior to the genu of the corpus callosum) substantially underestimates PFC extent, especially in humans. We find that the proportion of cortical gray matter occupied by PFC in humans is up to 1.9-fold greater than in macaques and 1.2-fold greater than in chimpanzees. The disparity is even more prominent for the proportion of subcortical white matter underlying the PFC, which is 2.4-fold greater in humans than in macaques and 1.7-fold greater than in chimpanzees.الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::89f7811dde7b85a376c9ec1291c901d0Test
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1721653115Test -
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المؤلفون: Lei Wang, John G. Csernansky, M Deanna, David C. Van Essen, Donna L. Dierker, Sarah K. Gillespie, Alan Anticevic
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, Adolescent, Cognitive Neuroscience, Brain mapping, Lateralization of brain function, Article, medicine, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Humans, Brain Mapping, medicine.diagnostic_test, Working memory, Brain, Cognition, Magnetic resonance imaging, Anatomy, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, stomatognathic diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neurology, nervous system, Cerebral cortex, Schizophrenia, Cluster size, Female, Psychology, Neuroscience
الوصف: To compare the morphology of the cerebral cortex and its characteristic pattern of gyri and sulci in individuals with and without schizophrenia, T1-weighted magnetic resonance scans were collected, along with clinical and cognitive information, from 33 individuals with schizophrenia and 30 healthy individuals group-matched for age, gender, race and parental socioeconomic status. Sulcal depth was measured across the entire cerebral cortex by reconstructing surfaces of cortical mid-thickness (layer 4) in each hemisphere and registering them to the human PALS cortical atlas. Group differences in sulcal depth were tested using methods for cluster size analysis and interhemispheric symmetry analysis. A significant group difference was found bilaterally in the parietal operculum, where the average sulcal depth was shallower in individuals with schizophrenia. In addition, group differences in sulcal depth showed significant bilateral symmetry across much of the occipital, parietal, and temporal cortices. In individuals with schizophrenia, sulcal depth in the left hemisphere was correlated with the severity of impaired performance on tests of working memory and executive function.
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::2529e5efe813537d3a9513f99e46f36fTest
https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3011823Test/
