المؤلفون: Rishma Maini, Nick Phin, F. C. Naik, Timothy G. Harrison, G Spala, M. Mentasti, B de Jong, Alkiviadis Vatopoulos, Velonakis En, Christos Hadjichristodoulou

المصدر: Europe PubMed Central

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, Veterinary medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Epidemiology, Legionella, Prevalence, Health protection, Disease Outbreaks, Legionella pneumophila, Disease course, Virology, Environmental health, Humans, Medicine, Symptom onset, Disease Notification, Aged, Travel, Greece, biology, business.industry, Incidence, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Middle Aged, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, United Kingdom, Bacterial Typing Techniques, Community-Acquired Infections, Population Surveillance, Female, Legionnaires' disease, Legionnaires' Disease, Water Microbiology, business, Control methods

الوصف: Fourteen cases of Legionnaires’ disease were confirmed in residents from England and Wales with history of travel to Corfu, Greece, in the 14 days before symptom onset. These cases were reported to the Health Protection Agency national surveillance scheme for Legionnaires’ disease in residents of England and Wales between August and October 2011. In addition, one case in a Greek national and a case of non-pneumonic legionellosis in a resident from Scotland were also reported. Few cases shared the same accommodation site in Corfu during their incubation period. Epidemiological investigations and microbiological analysis of clinical and environmental samples excluded a single source but rather implicated several accommodation sites as sources of sporadic infection. Control measures have since been implemented at these accommodation sites and no further cases have been reported. This incident highlights the value of epidemiological typing and the importance of effective international response to control and prevent legionella infection.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::2d98aa12afcff44bc9a9aa4fb9d0f51aTest
https://doi.org/10.2807/ese.17.32.20240-enTest

المؤلفون: Olga Pappa, Maria Tseroni, Christos Kostalos, Panos Katerelos, Helena C. Maltezou, Kyriaki Tryfinopoulou, A. Vatopoulos, Evangelos Kostis, Konstantina Tzanetou, Helen Prifti, Lemonia Ftika

المصدر: American journal of infection control. 40(7)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Neonatal intensive care unit, Isolation (health care), Epidemiology, Prevalence, Disease Outbreaks, Serratia Infections, Risk Factors, Intensive Care Units, Neonatal, Case fatality rate, medicine, Environmental Microbiology, Infection control, Humans, Serratia marcescens, Cross Infection, Molecular Epidemiology, Parenteral Nutrition Solutions, biology, business.industry, Health Policy, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Infant, Newborn, Outbreak, Infant, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Molecular Typing, Infectious Diseases, Bacteremia, Case-Control Studies, Carrier State, Female, business, Drug Contamination

الوصف: Background This report describes 3 consecutive outbreaks caused by genetically unrelated Serratia marcescens clones that occurred in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) over a 35-month period. Methods Carriage testing in neonates and health care workers and environmental investigation were performed. An unmatched case-control study was conducted to identify risk factors for S marcescens isolation. Results During the 35-month period, there were 57 neonates with S marcescens isolation in the NICU, including 37 carriers and 20 infected neonates. The prevalence rate of S marcescens isolation was 12.3% in outbreak 1, 47.4% in outbreak 2, and 42% in outbreak 3. Nine of the 20 infected neonates died (45% case fatality rate). A total of 10 pulsed field gel electrophoresis types were introduced in the NICU in various times; 4 of these types accounted for the 9 fatal cases. During outbreak 3, a type VIII S marcescens strain, the prevalent clinical clone during this period, was detected in the milk kitchen sink drain. Multiple logistic regression revealed that the only statistically significant factor for S marcencens isolation was the administration of total parenteral nutrition. Conclusions Total parenteral nutrition solution might constitute a possible route for the introduction of microorganisms in the NICU. Gaps in infection control should be identified and strict measures implemented to ensure patient safety.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::f81b1b96992e7f619fe96188feba99f1Test
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22264746Test

المؤلفون: Struelens, M. J., Monnet, D. L., Magiorakos, A. P., Santos O'Connor, F., Giesecke, J., Grisold, A., Zarfel, G., Jans, B., Velinov, T., Kantardjiev, T., Alexandrou, M., Zemlickova, H., Hrabak, J., Frimodt Møller, N., Hammerum, A. M., Maimets, M., Ivanova, M., Jalava, J., Rummukainen, M., Eckmanns, T., Kaase, M., Dedoukou, X., Vatopoulos, A., Böröcz, K., Kristinsson, K. G., Gudlaugsson, O., Cunney, R., Rossolini, GIAN MARIA, Pantosti, A., Dumpis, U., Balode, A., Valinteliene, R., Weicherding, P., Leverstein van Hall, M. A., Huijsdens, X., Samuelsen, Ø., Simonsen, G. S., Hryniewicz, W., Gniadkowski, M., Costa, A. C., Caniça, M., Codita, I., Serban, R., Siegfried, L., Stefkovicova, M., Kolman, J., Pirš, M., Oteo, J., Campos, J., Tegmark Wisell, K., Edquist, P., Livermore, D., Woodford, N.

المصدر: Europe PubMed Central

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, Adolescent, Epidemiology, Prevalence, Guidelines as Topic, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Risk Assessment, beta-Lactamases, Young Adult, Antibiotic resistance, Enterobacteriaceae, Virology, Environmental health, Surveys and Questionnaires, Health care, medicine, media_common.cataloged_instance, Humans, Beta-lactamase, European union, Child, Disease Notification, media_common, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, biology, business.industry, Resistência aos Antimicrobianos, Public health, Incidence, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Enterobacteriaceae Infections, Middle Aged, New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase 1, Europe, Phenotype, Carbapenems, Child, Preschool, Population Surveillance, biology.protein, business

الوصف: The European NDM-1 Survey Participants: Manuela Caniça (Departamento de Doenças Infecciosas do INSA) Acquired carbapenemases confer extensive antibiotic resistance to Enterobacteriaceae and represent a public health threat. A novel acquired carbapenemase, New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase 1 (NDM-1), has recently been described in the United Kingdom and Sweden, mostly in patients who had received care on the Indian subcontinent. We conducted a survey among 29 European countries (the European Union Member States, Iceland and Norway) to gather information on the spread of NDM-1-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Europe, on public health responses and on available national guidance on detection, surveillance and control. A total of 77 cases were reported from 13 countries from 2008 to 2010. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most frequently reported species with 54%. Among 55 cases with recorded travel history, 31 had previously travelled or been admitted to a hospital in India or Pakistan and five had been hospitalised in the Balkan region. Possible nosocomial acquisition accounted for 13 of 77 cases. National guidance on NDM-1 detection was available in 14 countries and on NDM-1 control in 11 countries. In conclusion, NDM-1 is spreading across Europe, where it is frequently linked to a history of healthcare abroad, but also to emerging nosocomial transmission. National guidance in response to the threat of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae is available in approximately half of the surveyed European countries. Surveillance of carbapenemase- producing Enterobacteriaceae must be enhanced in Europe and effective control measures identified and implemented.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::99afa28e2f5a608f1e8929c6b01fb261Test
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21144431Test

المؤلفون: Maltezou, Helena C., Pappa, O., Nikolopoulos, Georgios K., Ftika, L., Maragos, Antonios, Kaitsa, H., Protonotariou, E., Diza, Evdoxia, Georgiadis, N., Vatopoulos, A., Nikolaidis, Pavlos

المساهمون: Nikolopoulos, Georgios K.[0000-0002-3307-0246], Maltezou, Helena C. [0000-0003-0264-3547]

المصدر: American Journal of Infection Control

مصطلحات موضوعية: Male, Epidemiology, medicine.medical_treatment, Surgical wound infection, Molecular typing, medicine.disease_cause, Eye, Disease Outbreaks, Endophthalmitis, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, 80 and over, Pseudomonas infections, Cluster Analysis, Middle aged, Disease outbreaks, Aged, 80 and over, Gel, Molecular Epidemiology, Conference paper, Health Policy, Bacterial, Middle Aged, Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field, Post cataract surgery endophthalmitis, Infectious Diseases, Cataract extraction, Molecular epidemiology, Pulsed-field, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Female, Eye surgery, Multiple, Human, Electrophoresis, Epidemic, Case-control studies, Cataract Extraction, Cataract, Microbiology, Cluster analysis, Genetic similarity, medicine, Humans, Surgical Wound Infection, Pseudomonas Infections, Multidrug resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aged, business.industry, Colistin, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Outbreak, Meropenem, Cataract surgery, medicine.disease, Gel electrophoresis, Molecular Typing, Carriage, Drug resistance, Case-Control Studies, Systematic review, Nosocomial, business

الوصف: In June 2010, a severe outbreak of 13 cases of postcataract surgery endophthalmitis caused by multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa occurred. Pulse-field gel electrophoresis in eye isolates found 95% genetic similarity; however, extensive environmental and carriage investigation revealed no source of infection. 40 1 75 77

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::4177c2d58ae812acab21fb2dc2b48103Test
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21737177Test

المؤلفون: H Grundmann, D M Livermore, C G Giske, R Cantón, G M Rossolini, J Campos, A Vatopoulos, M Gniadkowski, A Toth, Y Pfeifer, V Jarlier, Y Carmeli, Collective the CNSE Working Group

المصدر: Europe PubMed Central

مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, Carbapenem, Epidemiology, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Advisory Committees, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Drug resistance, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Enterobacteriaceae, Virology, Environmental health, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Antibacterial agent, 0303 health sciences, biology, 030306 microbiology, Transmission (medicine), business.industry, Resistência aos Antimicrobianos, Public health, Enterobacteriaceae Infections, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Outbreak, biology.organism_classification, Anti-Bacterial Agents, 3. Good health, Biotechnology, Europe, Carbapenems, business, medicine.drug

الوصف: The CNSE Working Group: Manuela Caniça (Departamento de Doenças Infecciosas do INSA) Erratum in Euro Surveill. 2011;16(5). pii: 19781. Euro Surveill. 2011;16(3). pii: 19766. Garcia Fernandez, Aurora [corrected to Garcia-Fernandez, Aurora]; Leverstein, Maurine [corrected to Leverstein-van Hall, Maurine A]. Euro Surveill. 2010 Nov 25;15(47)pii: 19726. Euro Surveill. 2010;15(50). pii: 19755. Comment in Euro Surveill. 2010;15(50). pii: 19752 The emergence and global spread of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae is of great concern to health services worldwide. These bacteria are often resistant to all beta-lactam antibiotics and frequently co-resistant to most other antibiotics, leaving very few treatment options. The epidemiology is compounded by the diversity of carbapenem-hydrolysing enzymes and the ability of their genes to spread between different bacterial species. Difficulties are also encountered by laboratories when trying to detect carbapenemase production during routine diagnostic procedures due to an often heterogeneous expression of resistance. Some of the resistance genes are associated with successful clonal lineages which have a selective advantage in those hospitals where antimicrobial use is high and opportunities for transmission exist; others are more often associated with transmissible plasmids. A genetically distinct strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae sequence type (ST) 258 harbouring the K. pneumoniae carbapenemases (KPC) has been causing epidemics of national and international proportions. It follows the pathways of patient referrals, causing hospital outbreaks along the way. Simultaneously, diverse strains harbouring New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase (NDM-1) are repeatedly being imported into Europe, commonly via patients with prior medical exposure in the Indian subcontinent. Since the nature and scale of carbapenem-non-susceptible Entrobacteriaceae as a threat to hospital patients in Europe remains unclear, a consultation of experts from 31 countries set out to identify the gaps in diagnostic and response capacity, to index the magnitude of carbapenem-non-susceptibility across Europe using a novel five-level staging system, and to provide elements of a strategy to combat this public health issue in a concerted manner.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::ea888f26727c8708df778d476f4931a2Test
https://hdl.handle.net/10400.18/555Test

المؤلفون: P Giakkoupi, H Maltezou, M Polemis, O Pappa, G Saroglou, A Vatopoulos, Collective the Greek System for the Surveillan

المصدر: Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin. 14(21)

مصطلحات موضوعية: clone (Java method), DNA, Bacterial, Imipenem, Genotype, Epidemiology, medicine.drug_class, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Antibiotics, Drug resistance, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, beta-Lactamases, Microbiology, Amidohydrolases, Disease Outbreaks, Antibiotic resistance, Bacterial Proteins, Virology, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Medicine, Infection control, Humans, Cross Infection, biology, Greece, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, biology.organism_classification, Hospitals, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Klebsiella Infections, Carbapenems, KPC-2 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae, Population Surveillance, business, medicine.drug

الوصف: To verify the presence of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing (KPC-producing) Klebsiella pneumoniae in Greece, we asked 40 Greek hospitals participating in the Greek System for the Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance (GSSAR) to apply a combination of the modified Hodge test plus EDTA synergy test on all K. pneumoniae clinical isolates obtained from February 2008 which displayed reduced susceptibility to carbapenems (MIC of imipenemor = 1 mg/L). The presence of the blaKPC gene was confirmed by PCR and sequencing. This procedure revealed the presence of KPC-2 in isolates from 173 patients in 18 hospitals during a period of 11 months. Of these, 166 isolates belonged to a single pulsotype a fact consistent with possible epidemic spread, whereas the remaining seven isolates were further classified into four different pulsotypes. BlaKPC-2 gene was found to be transferable by conjugation in the four pulsotypes other than the prevailing one. The emergence of a new carbapenemase gene in Greece, where high resistance rates to carbapenems in K. pneumoniae due to the spread of the VIM type metalloenzyme have been observed, emphasises the urgent need for the implementation of public health measures in the field of infection control and antibiotic consumption. It also underlines the need to supplement surveillance systems based on susceptibility data with the surveillance of resistance mechanisms.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::62d43533d6f65c8e4974526e1392d785Test
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19480809Test

المؤلفون: Alkiviadis Vatopoulos, G Ganteris, H Malamou-Ladas, Michalis Polemis, H Vagiakou, M. Orfanidou, S Vourli

المصدر: Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin. 14(2)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, Staphylococcus aureus, Meticillin, Epidemiology, Bacterial Toxins, Erythromycin, Exotoxins, medicine.disease_cause, Risk Assessment, Microbiology, Disease Outbreaks, Species Specificity, Leukocidins, Risk Factors, Virology, Outpatients, Outpatient clinic, Medicine, Humans, Greece, business.industry, SCCmec, Incidence, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Clindamycin, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, Staphylococcal Infections, bacterial infections and mycoses, Community-Acquired Infections, Population Surveillance, Gentamicin, Female, Methicillin Resistance, Panton–Valentine leukocidin, business, medicine.drug

الوصف: Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 88 (30. 8%) of 286 adult patients suffering from various skin and soft-tissue infections examined in the outpatient department of a 650 bed tertiary-care hospital of Athens, Greece between January 2006 and December 2007. Twenty-seven (30.7%) of the S. aureus infections were caused by methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). All MRSA isolates were also resistant to tetracycline, fucidic acid and kanamycin, but were sensitive to gentamicin and tobramycin, as well as to to cotrimoxazole, chloramphenicol, quinolones, clindamycin and erythromycin. All isolates belonged to staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec elements (SCCmec) type IV, and were found to carry the lukF-PV and lukS genes coding for Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and spa-typing revealed high genetic similarity among all MRSA isolates and with the PFGE pattern of the well-described ST80 clone that seems to be spreading through Europe. The high prevalence of MRSA among S. aureus infections in the community signify that empiric therapy in Greece, when clinically indicated, should exclude β-lactam antibiotics. Moreover, the establishment of an active screening for PVL-positive community-acquired (CA)-MRSA carriage and the adoption of a search and destroy strategy for CA-MRSA in all patients admitted with purulent skin and soft-tissue is of high priority in Greece as well as in all European countries which face high rates of CA-MRSA infection.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::64a537bd1b38e51e376c6792252918cbTest
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19161715Test

المؤلفون: C. Hadjichristodoulou, L. S. Tzouvelekis, S. Zappas, S Vourli, M. Polemis, Georgios Petrikkos, Panagiota Giakkoupi, Georgios Daikos, Alkiviadis Vatopoulos, A. Avlami

المصدر: Journal of chemotherapy (Florence, Italy). 20(3)

مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, Imipenem, medicine.disease_cause, beta-Lactam Resistance, beta-Lactamases, Microbiology, Epidemiology, polycyclic compounds, medicine, Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, Infection control, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Pseudomonas Infections, Risk factor, Phylogeny, Antibacterial agent, Pharmacology, Cross Infection, biology, Greece, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, business.industry, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, bacterial infections and mycoses, biology.organism_classification, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Bacterial Typing Techniques, Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field, Infectious Diseases, Oncology, Case-Control Studies, business, Genome, Bacterial, Pseudomonadaceae, medicine.drug

الوصف: A total of 132 infections of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (including 112 imipenem resistant, 32 of them producing VIM-2 beta-lactamase) were identified during a one-year period (June 2002-June 2003). PFGE molecular typing revealed that P. aeruginosa clinical isolates sensitive to imipenem, P. aeruginosa isolates resistant to imipenem but VIM-negative, and P. aeruginosa-resistant and VIM-positive isolates could be allocated to three different clusters with approximately 70% similarity. A case control study of patients infected with an MBL-producing imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa isolate and controls (patients hospitalized in the same time period with no infection), revealed that only the number of catheters present at the time of the infection was strongly associated with the development of infection due to VIM-producing P. aeruginosa (OR 4.83, 95% CI: 1.94-12.0). In conclusion, the results of the molecular typing combined with the results of the case control study indicate that in the specific hospital setting, infection control, addressed specifically to critically ill patients, is an important part of any strategy to reduce imipenem-resistant infections.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::ee1d091b3644e4ed5e48f51c5b37039bTest
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18606584Test

المؤلفون: Alkiviadis Vatopoulos

المصدر: Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin. 13(4)

مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, Epidemiology, medicine.drug_class, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Antibiotics, Drug resistance, beta-Lactamases, Disease Outbreaks, Minimum inhibitory concentration, Antibiotic resistance, Virology, Intensive care, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, medicine, Infection control, Humans, Intensive care medicine, Cross Infection, biology, Greece, business.industry, Public health, Incidence, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, biology.organism_classification, Klebsiella Infections, Europe, Carbapenems, business

الوصف: For the last four years Greece has faced a large number of infections, mainly in the intensive care units (ICU), due to carbapenem-resistant, VIM-1-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. The proportion of imipenem-resistant K. pneumoniae has increased from less than 1% in 2001, to 20% in isolates from hospital wards and to 50% in isolates from ICUs in 2006. Likewise, in 2002, these strains were identified in only three hospitals, whereas now they are isolated in at least 25 of the 40 hospitals participating in the Greek Surveillance System. This situation seems to be due to the spread of the blaVIM-1 cassette among the rapidly evolving multiresistant plasmids and multiresistant or even panresistant strains of mainly K. pneumoniae and also other enterobacterial species. However, the exact biological basis of this phenomenon and the risk factors that facilitate it are not yet fully understood. Moreover, the fact that most strains display minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values below or near the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) resistance breakpoint create diagnostic and therapeutic problems, and possibly obstruct the assessment of the real incidence of these strains. An evidence-based consensus on the therapeutic strategy for these infections is urgently needed. The problem of VIM-producing K. pneumoniae was timely recognized by the Greek System for the Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance and various guidelines, including advice on antibiotic policy and infection control, were developed by the National Centre for Disease Control and Prevention. However, these measures have yet had a relatively small impact on the situation. The best way to handle the problem of antibiotic resistance would be the development and implementation of a national integrated strategic action plan (currently under development) affirming the political commitment of the public health administration in confronting this issue.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::bc7522048f6bf316cd8bc1b51f937020Test
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18445397Test

المؤلفون: Loukoussias S, Sanne Søgaard Nielsen, Giakoupi P, Alkiviadis Vatopoulos, Velonakis En, Søren A. Uldum, G Spala

المصدر: Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin. 11(8)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Internationality, biology, Isolation (health care), Greece, business.industry, Legionella, Denmark, biology.organism_classification, LEGIONELLA INFECTIONS, Residence Characteristics, Clinical diagnosis, Epidemiology, Immunology, medicine, Environmental Microbiology, Humans, Typing, Legionnaires' Disease, Serotyping, business, Intensive care medicine, Epidemiologic Methods

الوصف: The guidelines of the European Working Group for Legionella Infections (EWGLI) [1] are mainly based on epidemiological criteria, because clinical diagnosis of the infection is seldom based on the isolation of this bacterium from the patient

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::60e5ae8b3761d93d0ecc97f30b6f701dTest
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16966790Test