المؤلفون: DesRuisseaux, Libby A, Suchy, Yana, Franchow, Emilie I

المصدر: All Other Contributions

مصطلحات موضوعية: Executive functioning, cognitive aging, contextual factors, depletion, emotion regulation, expressive suppression, inconsistency, intra-individual variability, Behavioral Health, psy

الوصف: Contextual stressors, such as engagement in burdensome emotion regulation known as expressive suppression (ES), can result in transient but clinically meaningful decrement in performance on measures of executive functioning (EF). The goal of the present investigation was to examine whether intra-individual variability (IIV-I), which has been identified as an indicator of cognitive weakness, could serve as a marker of vulnerability to EF decrements due to both naturally-occurring and experimentally-manipulated ES. In Study 1, 180 cognitively healthy older adults completed the Push-Turn-Taptap (PTT) task to assess IIV-I, four Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS) subtests to assess EF, and the Burden of State Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (B-SERQ) to assess naturally-occurring ES. In Study 2, a subset (n = 81) of participants underwent experimental manipulation to induce ES, followed by second administration of the D-KEFS to examine ES-induced decrements in EF. In Study 1, hierarchical linear regression yielded a significant interaction between ES and IIV-I as predictors of EF performance, demonstrating that high ES was associated with low EF only among individuals with high IIV-I. In Study 2, repeated measures ANOVA demonstrated an interaction between time (pre- vs. post- manipulation), group (ES vs. control), and IIV-I (high vs. low), such that only individuals who exhibited high IIV-I were negatively impacted by the ES manipulation. IIV-I moderates the association between ES and EF, such that only individuals with high IIV-I exhibit vulnerability to the impact of ES. Thus, IIV-I may act as a marker of vulnerability to temporary EF depletion.

العلاقة: https://institutionalrepository.aah.org/allother/204Test

الإتاحة: https://institutionalrepository.aah.org/allother/204Test

المؤلفون: DesRuisseaux, Libby A.¹ (AUTHOR) yana.suchy@psych.utah.edu, Suchy, Yana¹ (AUTHOR), Franchow, Emilie I.^1,2 (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Clinical Neuropsychologist. Feb2023, Vol. 37 Issue 2, p322-349. 28p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *EXECUTIVE function, *EMOTION regulation, *OLDER people, *STATE regulation, *EXECUTIVES, *VARIABILITY (Psychometrics)

مستخلص: Contextual stressors, such as engagement in burdensome emotion regulation known as expressive suppression (ES), can result in transient but clinically meaningful decrement in performance on measures of executive functioning (EF). The goal of the present investigation was to examine whether intra-individual variability (IIV-I), which has been identified as an indicator of cognitive weakness, could serve as a marker of vulnerability to EF decrements due to both naturally-occurring and experimentally-manipulated ES. In Study 1, 180 cognitively healthy older adults completed the Push-Turn-Taptap (PTT) task to assess IIV-I, four Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS) subtests to assess EF, and the Burden of State Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (B-SERQ) to assess naturally-occurring ES. In Study 2, a subset (n = 81) of participants underwent experimental manipulation to induce ES, followed by second administration of the D-KEFS to examine ES-induced decrements in EF. In Study 1, hierarchical linear regression yielded a significant interaction between ES and IIV-I as predictors of EF performance, demonstrating that high ES was associated with low EF only among individuals with high IIV-I. In Study 2, repeated measures ANOVA demonstrated an interaction between time (pre- vs. post- manipulation), group (ES vs. control), and IIV-I (high vs. low), such that only individuals who exhibited high IIV-I were negatively impacted by the ES manipulation. IIV-I moderates the association between ES and EF, such that only individuals with high IIV-I exhibit vulnerability to the impact of ES. Thus, IIV-I may act as a marker of vulnerability to temporary EF depletion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Brothers, Stacey L.¹ (AUTHOR), Suchy, Yana¹ (AUTHOR) yana.suchy@psych.utah.edu

المصدر: Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society. Oct2022, Vol. 28 Issue 9, p974-983. 10p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *EXECUTIVE function, *ECOLOGICAL momentary assessments (Clinical psychology), *FUNCTIONAL assessment, *ACTIVITIES of daily living, *OLDER people, *ADULTS

مستخلص: Objective: Executive functioning (EF) is known to be associated with performance of instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). However, prior research has found that the degree to which EF fluctuates was more predictive of self-reported cognitive and IADL lapses than was average EF performance. One source of such EF fluctuations is engagement in an emotion regulation strategy known as expressive suppression (ES). Importantly, ES has also been shown to relate to IADL performance, presumably due to its impact on EF. However, past research is limited due to assessing IADLs only in the laboratory or via self-report. The present study examined (a) the association of daily EF and ES fluctuations with performance of actual IADL tasks in participants' homes, and (b) whether any significant association between ES fluctuations and daily IADLs would be mediated by daily EF variability. Method: Participants were 52 older adults aged 60 to 95. Over the course of 18 days while at home, participants completed daily IADL tasks as well as daily measures of EF and ES via ecological momentary assessment. Results: Contrary to our hypothesis, average EF across days predicted at-home IADLs above and beyond daily EF variability, which itself was also predictive. ES variability also predicted daily IADLs, and this association was fully mediated by average daily EF. Conclusions: Daily fluctuations in ES appear to have a deleterious impact on performance of IADLs at home, likely due to the impact of such fluctuations on EF, although the average level of EF capacity is also important. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Brothers, Stacey L., Gereau, Michelle M., DesRuisseaux, Libby A., Suchy, Yana

المصدر: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology; May2022, Vol. 44 Issue 4, p258-271, 14p, 5 Charts

مصطلحات موضوعية: EXECUTIVE function, EMOTION regulation, OLDER people, OLD age

مستخلص: Cognitive reappraisal (CR) and expressive suppression (ES) are two common emotion regulation strategies that share similar cognitive and neural underpinnings. Prior research has consistently shown that recent engagement in ES (both self-reported and experimentally manipulated) is associated with subsequent temporary decrements in executive functioning (EF). Thus far, only one study has examined the association between CR and EF, with null results. However, that study was limited by examining only zero-order correlations and by assessing only the speed, not accuracy, of EF performance. The present study examined multivariate relationships among recent CR, recent ES, and EF (both speed and accuracy), as well as the potential impacts of more chronic engagements in, and trait-level preferences between, the two emotion regulation strategies. Participants were 201 community-dwelling older adults aged 60 to 93 who had participated in three separate studies examining the relationship between self-reported emotion regulation and EF. Recent CR was associated with EF performance accuracy above and beyond chronic CR. Both recent CR and ES contributed to EF performance accuracy uniquely beyond each other and beyond chronic and preferred emotion regulation. Both recent ES and CR appear to have a deleterious impact on EF performance accuracy, potentially due to utilization of similar resources; both should be accounted for when assessing emotion regulation and its impacts on EF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Suchy, Yana¹ (AUTHOR) yana.suchy@psych.utah.edu, Brothers, Stacey¹ (AUTHOR), Mullen, Christine M.² (AUTHOR), Niermeyer, Madison A.² (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology. Oct2020, Vol. 42 Issue 8, p834-848. 15p. 1 Diagram, 6 Charts, 3 Graphs.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *OLDER people, *STATE regulation, *OLD age, *INFORMATION processing

مستخلص: Introduction: Expressive suppression (ES; suppression of affective behavior) has been shown to have a deleterious impact on subsequently administered tests of executive functions (EF), threatening validity, and reliability of EF assessment. Past research has shown that recent ES (i.e., across 24 hours prior to testing) and chronic ES (i.e., across 2 weeks prior to testing) have differential impact on test performance. The present study compared the association of chronic vs. recent ES with speed vs. accuracy of performance on tests of EF and tests of lower-order processes. Participants were 255 community-dwelling older adults aged 60 and older. Participants completed timed subtests of the Delis–Kaplan Executive Function System and the Burden of State Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. Hierarchical linear regressions examined the contributions of chronic vs. recent ES to test performance. Recent ES was related to scores of both speed and accuracy on EF tests. The association between recent ES and EF errors held beyond covariates (i.e., chronic ES, demographics, depression, and general cognitive status). In contrast, the association between recent ES and EF speed was fully explained by EF error scores. Chronic ES was associated only with speed of performance and only on lower-order tasks, but this relationship did not survive correction for cognitive, psychiatric, and demographic factors. Recent ES appears to be a risk factor for EF lapses. Chronic ES, while related to performance speed, seems to also relate to several other cognitive, psychiatric, and demographic factors, which themselves explain slower information processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Tinajero, Ruben, Williams, Paula G., Cribbet, Matthew R., Rau, Holly K., Silver, Michelle A., Bride, Daniel L., Suchy, Yana

المصدر: Stress & Health: Journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress; Oct2020, Vol. 36 Issue 4, p405-418, 14p

مصطلحات موضوعية: PSYCHOLOGY of adult child abuse victims, CARDIOGRAPHY, EMOTIONS, SELF-control, SELF-evaluation, SLEEP disorders, PSYCHOLOGICAL stress, WOUNDS & injuries, EXECUTIVE function, PSYCHOLOGICAL vulnerability, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, SLEEP hygiene, ADULTS

مستخلص: Childhood trauma is associated with poor health outcomes in adulthood. Mechanisms for these associations are not well understood because past studies have focused predominantly on populations that have already developed physical and mental health problems. The present study examined the association between childhood trauma and stress‐related vulnerability factors in a healthy adult sample (n = 79; 68% female, mean age = 27.5, SD = 6.5). Emotion regulation difficulties were examined as a potential mediator. Participants completed baseline laboratory assessments of reported childhood trauma, emotion regulation difficulties, prior month sleep quality, baseline impedance cardiography and behavioural tests of executive functioning (EF) and a three‐day experience sampling assessment protocol that included sleep diary, reported and objective pre‐sleep arousal, daily hassles and reported EF difficulties. Reported history of childhood abuse was significantly associated with difficulties in emotion regulation, self‐report and objective pre‐sleep arousal, diary‐assessed sleep quality, daily hassles and reported EF difficulties. Reported history of childhood neglect was associated with greater pre‐sleep arousal and poorer EF‐behavioural control. Emotion regulation difficulties mediated the relationship between childhood abuse and reported pre‐sleep arousal, daily hassles and reported EF difficulties. In conclusion, history of childhood trauma is associated with a variety of stress‐related vulnerability factors in healthy adults that may be viable early intervention targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Stress & Health: Journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Niermeyer, Madison A.¹ (AUTHOR) madison.niermeyer@psych.utah.edu, Suchy, Yana¹ (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Clinical Neuropsychologist. May2020, Vol. 34 Issue 4, p700-719. 20p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *SLEEP, *INTERFERENCE suppression, *OLDER people, *PAIN, *PAIN catastrophizing

مستخلص: Objective: Certain transient contextual factors (i.e. higher expressive suppression, pain, and non-restorative sleep) are all associated with temporary decrements in performance on measures of executive functioning (EF), making clinical interpretation of EF scores challenging. Additionally, pain, non-restorative sleep, and expressive suppression are thought to be mutually interrelated with one another and with depression. This study sought to investigate how these factors impact EF when considered simultaneously. Methods: A total of 95 community-dwelling older adults completed the Push-Turn-Taptap (PTT) task as a measure of EF, and self-report measures of expressive suppression, pain interference, non-restorative sleep, and depressive symptoms. Results: Expressive suppression and pain interference, but not non-restorative sleep, demonstrated unique relationships with EF performance when all factors were considered simultaneously. Expressive suppression fully mediated the relationship between non-restorative sleep and EF performance, but not when controlling for depression. When a single contextual burden composite was generated collapsing across transient contextual factors, a composite that included all three examined factors (i.e. including non-restorative sleep) accounted for more variance in EF scores beyond depression than a composite that only included expressive suppression and pain interference. Conclusion: Expressive suppression, pain interference, and non-restorative sleep share some overlap with one another and with depression, but nonetheless have an additive negative effect on EF performance beyond depression. Quantifying these transient contextual factors may improve the accuracy of EF assessment and, by extension, the utility of EF measures in predicting daily functioning. These transient contextual factors also represent targets that, if better managed, may reduce EF lapses in daily life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Suchy, Yana¹ (AUTHOR) yana.suchy@psych.utah.edu, Niermeyer, Madison A.¹ (AUTHOR), Franchow, Emilie I.² (AUTHOR), Ziemnik, Rosemary E.¹ (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society. Aug2019, Vol. 25 Issue 7, p718-728. 11p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *ACTIVITIES of daily living

مستخلص: Objectives: Expressive suppression (i.e., effortful regulation of overt affect) has a deleterious impact on executive functioning (EF). This relationship has potential ramifications for daily functioning, especially among older adults, because a close relationship exists between EF and functional independence. However, past research has not directly examined whether expressive suppression impacts instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). The present study examined this association among older adults. Methods: One hundred ten community-dwelling older adults completed a self-report measure of acute (past 24 hr) and chronic (past 2 weeks) expressive suppression, a timed test of IADL, and the Behavioral Dyscontrol Scale as a measure of EF. Results: High chronic expressive suppression was related to slow IADL performance beyond covariates (age, IQ, depression), but only for individuals with low EF. High acute expressive suppression was associated with lower accuracy on IADL tasks beyond covariates (IQ, depression), but this association was fully explained by EF. Conclusions: The current results suggest that expressive suppression is associated with less efficient and more error-prone IADL performance. EF fully accounted for the relationship between acute expressive suppression and IADL performance, showing that suppression is a risk factor for both poorer EF performance and functional lapses in daily life. Furthermore, individuals with weaker EF may be particularly vulnerable to the effect of chronic expressive suppression. (JINS , 2019, 25 , 718–728) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Niermeyer, Madison A., Ziemnik, Rosemary E., Franchow, Emilie I., Barron, Casey A., Suchy, Yana

المصدر: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology; Mar2019, Vol. 41 Issue 2, p118-132, 15p, 5 Charts, 1 Graph

مصطلحات موضوعية: OLDER people, ADULTS, YOUNG adults

مستخلص: Objectives: Unusually high engagement in expressive suppression (i.e., purposeful regulation of overt affect) has been associated with poorer performance on executive functioning (EF) and motor-sequence learning tasks. As such, expressive suppression represents one possible source of fluctuations in executive test performance. However, the relationship between expressive suppression and EF and motor performance has not yet been examined in older adults, who are more prone to EF and motor fluctuations than are younger adults. The purpose of this study was to test whether greater self-reported, naturally occurring expressive suppression is related to poorer EF performance and motor-sequence learning in older adults. Method: One hundred and ten community-dwelling older adults completed a self-report measure of expressive suppression, a battery of EF tests, and a computer-based measure of motor-sequence learning. Results: As expected, higher self-reported burden of expressive suppression in the 24 hours prior to testing was related to poorer performance on EF tests and on multiple aspects of motor-sequence learning (action planning latencies and sequencing errors) even after accounting for age, depressive symptoms, and component processes (e.g., processing speed). Conclusions: The current results suggest that naturally occurring expressive suppression depletes EF, which builds on previous findings from experimental studies that show that expressive suppression leads to reduced EF performance. Furthermore, this effect can be captured using self-report methods. These findings highlight expressive suppression as one source of intraindividual fluctuations in executive and motor functioning, which likely place older adults at risk for both functional and motor lapses (e.g., medication mistakes, falls). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Suchy, Yana¹ yana.suchy@psych.utah.edu, Niermeyer, Madison Amelia¹, Franchow, Emilie Irene^1,2, Ziemnik, Rosemary¹

المصدر: Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society. Jan2019, Vol. 25 Issue 1, p29-38. 10p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *ADULTS, *OLDER people

مستخلص: Objectives: Expressive suppression (ES) is an emotion-regulation strategy that is associated with poorer performance on subsequently administered tests of executive functioning (EF). It is not known, however, how far into the future ES interferes with EF. This study examined whether (a) ES negatively affects performance on EF tests repeated 1 year after the initial administration (presumably through interference with learning, leading to a reduced practice effect), and (b) whether such an effect, if seen, is unique to EF or whether it also affects lower-order cognitive processes needed for EF test performance. Methods: Sixty-six non-demented community-dwelling older adults were randomly assigned to either an ES group or control group. Executive and non-executive tests were administered before and immediately following the exposure to an emotionally evocative video, and then again at 1-year follow-up. Groups were compared at 1-year follow-up on tests of EF and lower-order processes, to examine whether the previously demonstrated impact of ES on EF is evident only immediately following the experimental manipulation (Franchow & Suchy, 2017), or also at 1-year follow-up. Results: The results showed that participants who engaged in ES continued to exhibit poorer performance on EF tests 1 year later. This effect was not present for performance on tests of lower-order processes. Conclusions: These results suggest that the use of ES before an EF task can interfere with the ability to benefit from exposure to that task, thereby negatively affecting future performance. (JINS, 2019, 25, 29-38) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]