Background: The bone marrow examination is important for the investigation, diagnosis, and managementof the blood, bone marrow and many systemic disorders. Morphological Bone marrow examination alone issufficient to diagnose nutritional anemias and most acute leukemia.This study aimed to determine the importance of morphological examination of bone marrow to diagnosehematological and non-hematological disorders like various systemic illnesses that affect the bone marrow.Methods: A prospective study carried out for one year at the Hematology lab, Ninava Ibn Sena TeachingHospital, A total of 201 cases were investigated. The bone marrow examination was taken from the posteriorsuperior iliac spine.Results: The age range was (15-87) years. The male-to-female ratio was 1:1.2. The most common disorderfinding was acute leukemia 17% (include AML & ALL) and AML is more common than ALL, whereaslymphoproliferative disorders was second bone marrow finding fallowed by Megaloblastic anemia ofMyeloid dysplasia syndrome (MDS) and Essential thrombocythemia (ET).Conclusion: Morphological bone marrow examination is a useful procedure in ascertaining the diagnosis ofseveral hematological and non-hematological disorders.
