المؤلفون: Ali Abdali, Ali Abedi, Kazem Mazlumi, Abbas Rabiee, Josep M. Guerrero

المصدر: Abdali, A, Abedi, A, Mazlumi, K, Rabiee, A & Guerrero, J M 2023, ' Novel Hotspot Temperature Prediction of Oil-Immersed Distribution Transformers : An Experimental Case Study ', IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 70, no. 7, pp. 7310-7322 . https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2022.3206690Test

مصطلحات موضوعية: Power transformer insulation, optical fiber sensor (OFS), Mathematical models, Computational fluid dynamic (CFD), corrugated wall distribution transformer (DT), hotspot temperature (HST), IEC Standards, Oil insulation, Windings, Control and Systems Engineering, Transformers, Computational fluid dynamics (CFD), thermal camera, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Oils

الوصف: Distribution transformers (DTs) are deemed as fundamental and high-priced equipment of power grids and their failure influences grid reliability. Continuity of DTs operation highly depends on its insulation conditions and following that to the hotspot temperature (HST). In this paper, a novel formula is proposed for HST prediction of DTs by considering the effective electrical and mechanical parameters on heat dissipation capacity. As well as, a complete and accurate 3D modeling based on computational fluid dynamic (CFD) is presented to validate the proposed novel formula for HST prediction. In this modeling, the conservator, which plays a key role in the HST value, is accurately modeled. Optical fiber sensors (OFSs) are utilized in the studied 500 kVA DT to verify the accuracy of the proposed HST prediction formula during the experimental temperature rise test. Experimental results show that the proposed formula is highly accurate and has an acceptable correlation with the empirical values. The root mean square error (RMSE), mean error (ME) and average error percentage (AEP) of the proposed formula are 0.3°C, 0.3°C and 0.37%, respectively, in HST transient values and 0.3°C, 0.3°C and 0.29% in HST steady state values, which substantiate the precision and proficiency of the proposed HST prediction formula rather than IEC and IEEE equations. Finally, a thermal camera is employed to verify the results of CFD-based 3D modeling in top-oil temperature (TOT), bottom-oil temperature (BOT) and conservator oil temperature (COT) during the experimental tests. According to the measurement results, temperatures of CFD-based 3D simulation and thermal camera in the aforementioned three points are in good agreement with each other and AEP is less than 1.4%, which indicates the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed 3D modeling.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::866e333ed422e8dd5b048222c61ba5c9Test
https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/259af673-5082-49a6-9ff9-fd0182c31b45Test

المؤلفون: Hoon-Keun Lee, Youngmi Kim, Sungbaek Park, Joonyoung Kim

المصدر: Electronics; Volume 12; Issue 8; Pages: 1823

مصطلحات موضوعية: Computer Networks and Communications, Hardware and Architecture, Control and Systems Engineering, Internet on Things (IoT), feature extraction, optical fiber sensor network, remote-passive sensing, wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), water-level monitoring, Signal Processing, Electrical and Electronic Engineering

الوصف: This paper presents a real-time remote water level monitoring system based on dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM)-passive optical fiber sensor (OFS) network for the application of the Internet of Things (IoT). This network employs a broadband light source based on amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) as a seed light. This ASE light is spectrum-sliced by an athermal type arrayed waveguide grating (200 GHz × 16 channel), then distributed towards multiple sensing units (SU). Here, 16 SUs are installed vertically at the specified height in the water pool according to the design specification (i.e., spatial resolution). Then, each SU reflects an optical spectrum having a different reflection coefficient depending on the surrounding medium (e.g., air or water). By measuring these reflected optical spectra with an optical spectrum analyzer, the water level can be easily recognized in real time. However, as the sensing distance increases, system performance is severely degraded due to the Rayleigh Back-Scattering of the ASE light. As a result, the remote sensing capability is limited at a short distance (i.e.

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المؤلفون: Binghui Jia, Min Zhang

المصدر: Micromachines; Volume 14; Issue 3; Pages: 631

مصطلحات موضوعية: micro-milling tool, vibration, optical fiber sensor, encoding, Control and Systems Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering

الوصف: The vibration of the micro-milling tool presents a significant chaotic vibration phenomenon, which has a great influence on the tool life and part machining precision, and is one of the basic problems restricting the improvement of machining efficiency and machining accuracy in micro-milling. To overcome the difficulty of the traditional vibration measurement method with the online measurement of micro-milling tool multi-dimensional vibration, a three-dimensional (3D) measurement method of the micro-milling tool is proposed based on multi-fiber array coding, which converts the tool space motion into a decoding process of the optical coding array employing the tool modulating the multi-fiber array encoding. A 6 × 6 optical fiber array was designed, and a 3D motion platform for micro-milling tools was built to verify the characteristics of the optical fiber measurement system. The measurement results show that the measuring accuracy of the system reached 1 µm, and the maximum linear error in x-, y-, and z-direction are 1.5%, 2.58%, and 2.43%, respectively; the tool space motion position measurement results show that the maximum measurement error of the measuring system was 3.4%. The designed system has unique coding characteristics for the tool position in the space of 100 µm3. It provides a new idea and realization means for the online vibration measurement of micro-milling tools.

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الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::78d77321f18301034ebfcd3a90a03dfeTest
https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14030631Test

المؤلفون: Na Zhao, Zhongkai Zhang, Qijing Lin, Kun Yao, Liangquan Zhu, Yi Chen, Libo Zhao, Bian Tian, Ping Yang, Zhuangde Jiang

المصدر: Micromachines; Volume 13; Issue 2; Pages: 195

مصطلحات موضوعية: optical fiber sensor, gold-plated fiber Bragg grating, pressure, temperature sensing, Control and Systems Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering

الوصف: In electrohydrostatic drive actuators, there is a demand for temperature and pressure monitoring in complex environments. Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) has become a promising sensor for measuring temperature and pressure. However, there is a cross-sensitivity between temperature and pressure. A gold-plated FBG is proposed and manufactured, and an FBG is used as a reference grating to form a parallel all-fiber sensing system, which can realize the simultaneous measurement of pressure and temperature. Based on the simulation software, the mechanical distribution of the pressure diaphragm is analyzed, and the fixation scheme of the sensor is determined. Using the demodulator to monitor the changes in the reflectance spectrum in real-time, the pressure and ambient temperature applied to the sensor are measured. The experimental results show that the temperature sensitivity of gold-plated FBG is 3 times that of quartz FBG, which can effectively distinguish the temperature changes. The pressure response sensitivity of gold-plated FBG is 0.3 nm/MPa, which is same as the quartz FBG. Through the sensitivity matrix equation, the temperature and pressure dual-parameter sensing measurement is realized. The accuracy of the temperature and pressure measurement is 97.7% and 99.0%, and the corresponding response rates are 2.7 ms/°C and 2 ms/MPa, respectively. The sensor has a simple structure and high sensitivity, and it is promising to be applied in health monitoring in complex environments with a high temperature and high pressure.

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الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::50e961ad5360190dd1420e3d04bed397Test
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35208319Test

المؤلفون: Pengfei Zhang, Chao Wang, Liuwei Wan, Qianqian Zhang, Zidan Gong, Zixiong Qin, Chi Chiu Chan

المصدر: Micromachines; Volume 13; Issue 1; Pages: 19
Micromachines
Micromachines, Vol 13, Iss 19, p 19 (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Fabry-Perot Interferometer (FPI), optical fiber sensor, static pressure sensing, micro-fluidic, Control and Systems Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, TJ1-1570, Mechanical engineering and machinery, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Article

الوصف: An opto-microfluidic static pressure sensor based on a fiber Fabry-Perot Interferometer (FPI) with extended air cavity for enhancing the measuring sensitivity is proposed. The FPI is constructed in a microfluidic channel by the combination of the fixed fiber-end reflection and floating liquid surface reflection faces. A change of the aquatic pressure will cause a drift of the liquid surface and the pressure can be measured by detecting the shift of the FPI spectrum. Sensitivity of the sensor structure can be enhanced significantly by extending the air region of the FPI. The structure is manufactured by using a common single-mode optical fiber, and a silica capillary with the inner wall coated with a hydrophobic film. A sample with 3500 μm air cavity length has demonstrated the pressure sensitivity of about 32.4 μm/kPa, and the temperature cross-sensitivity of about 0.33 kPa/K.

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المؤلفون: Grzegorz Tosik, Mateusz Lakomski, Przemyslaw Niedzielski

المصدر: Electronics
Volume 10
Issue 13
Electronics, Vol 10, Iss 1604, p 1604 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Optical fiber, Materials science, TK7800-8360, Computer Networks and Communications, optical fiber sensor, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, sensors, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, Coating, law, Deflection (engineering), Fiber, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Composite material, 010401 analytical chemistry, Brillouin, structural monitoring, Linearity, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, backscattering, 0104 chemical sciences, Polyvinyl chloride, chemistry, Hardware and Architecture, Control and Systems Engineering, Fiber optic sensor, Signal Processing, engineering, Electronics, Deformation (engineering), 0210 nano-technology

الوصف: This paper examined the impact of optical fiber sensor design, and its integration to PVC (polyvinyl chloride) sheet piles, on deflection and strain monitoring. Optical fiber sensors based on Brillouin light backscattering (BLS) were prepared, as they can provide accurate strain and deflection measurement results. However, depending on the application of sheet piles systems, high deformation of PVC elements can be observed. Therefore, a fiber sensor design is not trivial. Three types of optical fiber coatings and their integration with PVC sheet piles were investigated. The effect on the value of compressive and tensile strain were analyzed. It has been experimentally proven that PVC sheet piles monitoring, based on BLS method, can be realized using optical fibers with 250 µm, 900 µm, and 3 mm coating diameter. Achieved results are in line with theory. Correction coefficient necessary for 900 µm and 3 mm coatings has been proposed and used to ensure proper strain measurement. It was found that 250 µm coating fiber based sensors can be utilized for PVC strain measurement under low deflection (>
1.2 m beam length). On the other hand, sensors based on 3 mm coating fiber, due to a high level of linearity, can be applied to deflection distance measurement under high deformation.

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المؤلفون: Manfred Rothhardt, Ravil Idrisov, Hartmut Bartelt, Ignazio Floris

المصدر: RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia
instname

مصطلحات موضوعية: Accuracy and precision, Optical fiber, Computer science, Acoustics, Phase (waves), Curvature sensor, 02 engineering and technology, Curvature, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, Fiber Bragg grating, law, Sensor calibration, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Calibration, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Instrumentation, Optical fiber sensor, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Multicore fiber, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Characterization (materials science), Control and Systems Engineering, Fiber optic sensor, Shape sensor

الوصف: [EN] In order to provide high accuracy in shape measurement with multicore optical fibres, characterization and calibration procedures are an important part of sensor preparation. Some procedures can be considered mandatory for adequate shape reconstruction, while others can help to enhance the measurement accuracy. Several of such procedures are discussed and experimentally applied for demonstrating the possible performance enhancement of curvature sensing, a fundamental phase of the shape reconstruction process. The maximum error observed in curvature calculation for a test object has been proved to be almost halved, decreasing from 2.48% to 1.36%, by applying such calibration corrections. The overall average relative accuracy of curvature measurement was improved from 0.89% to 0.5% (an improvement of 44%).
This work was performed within the framework of ITN-FINESSE, funded by the European Union¿s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Action grant agreement no 722509.

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الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::2c45b1bd007606bbcdd2d9772953ecf0Test
http://hdl.handle.net/10251/163582Test

المؤلفون: Bing Sun, Yiping Wang

المصدر: Micromachines
Volume 11
Issue 3
Micromachines, Vol 11, Iss 3, p 270 (2020)

مصطلحات موضوعية: two-mode fiber, Materials science, lcsh:Mechanical engineering and machinery, optical fiber sensor, biosensor, 01 natural sciences, Article, 010309 optics, control_systems_engineering, 0103 physical sciences, Dispersion (optics), Miniaturization, lcsh:TJ1-1570, Turning point, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Detection limit, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, 010401 analytical chemistry, Response time, sensitivity, 0104 chemical sciences, Control and Systems Engineering, Fiber optic sensor, Optoelectronics, business, Biosensor, Sensitivity (electronics)

الوصف: The conventional methods for monitoring IgG levels suffer from some apparent problems such as long assay time, multistep processing, and high overall cost. An effective and suitable optical platform for label-free biosensing was investigated by the implementation of antibody/antigen immunoassays. The ultrasensitive detection of IgG levels could be achieved by exploiting the dispersion turning point (DTP) existing in the tapered two-mode fibers (TTMFs) because the sensitivity will reach ±
&infin
on either side of the DTP. Tracking the resonant wavelength shift, it was found that the fabricated TTMF device exhibited limits of detection (LOD) down to concentrations of 10 fg/mL of IgG in PBS solution. Such immunosensors based on DTP have great significance on trace detection of IgG due to simple detection scheme, quick response time, and miniaturization.

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المؤلفون: Xihua Zou, Joel Villatoro, Enrique Antonio-Lopez, Javier Madrigal, Rodrigo Amezcua-Correa, Di Zheng, Wei Pan, Zhiming Liu, Salvador Sales, Axel Schülzgen

المصدر: RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia
instname

مصطلحات موضوعية: Materials science, 02 engineering and technology, Multicore fiber, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, Optics, Fiber Bragg grating, Position (vector), 0103 physical sciences, TEORIA DE LA SEÑAL Y COMUNICACIONES, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Fiber Bragg gratings, Fiber, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Instrumentation, Fusion, Optical fiber sensor, business.industry, Multicore optical fiber, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Wavelength, Control and Systems Engineering, Fiber optic sensor, Embedding, business

الوصف: [EN] A compact optical fiber sensor by embedding fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) in strongly coupled multicore fiber (SCMCF) is proposed for multipoint and multiparameter sensing. To build the device, two FBGs with different peak wavelengths were inscribed in a segment of SCMCF. Then one end of the SCMCF was fusion spliced to a single-mode fiber (SMF) and the other end of the SCMCF was cleaved. In the SMF-SCMCF structure, two supermodes are excited, as a result, the reflection spectrum exhibits a sinusoidal pattern with two sharp peaks. The wavelength position of the FBGs and the supermode coupler can be extracted simultaneously. Two distinct FBGs inscribed in different positions of the SCMCF were used to demonstrate quasi-distributed multipoint sensing in the proposed structure. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of an optical fiber sensor that combines FBGs with SCMCF. The sensor here proposed has the advantage of compact size, low-cost, good mechanical strength and ease of interrogation.
This work was supported in part by National Key Research and Development Program of China (2019YFB2203204), National Natural Science Foundation of China (61922069, 61775185), the "111" Plan (B18045), Sichuan Science and Technology Program (2020YJ0329), and the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under the project DIMENSION TEC2017 88029-R. J.V. acknowledges funding from the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) and the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Spain) under project PGC2018-101997-B-I00. Document

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http://hdl.handle.net/10251/176341Test

المؤلفون: Igor Brutkowski Vieira da Costa, Carlos R. Zamarreño, Guilherme Heim Weber, Daniel R. Pipa, Aritz Ozcariz, Jose Rodolfo Galvao, Cicero Martelli, Danilo Fernandes Gomes, Jean Carlos Cardozo da Silva, Marco Jose da Silva

المساهمون: Universidad Pública de Navarra. Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación, Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa. Ingeniaritza Elektriko, Elektroniko eta Telekomunikazio Saila, Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa

المصدر: Academica-e. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Pública de Navarra
instname

مصطلحات موضوعية: Optical fiber, Materials science, Acoustics, Sagnac interferometry, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, law, Partial discharge, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Instrumentation, Electrical conductor, Optical fiber sensor, Distributed sensor, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Interferometry, Electric power transmission, Control and Systems Engineering, Fiber optic sensor, Electric discharge, Electric power

الوصف: Partial discharges are a type of electric discharge that cause localized breakdowns in a small portion of an insulating material without forming a complete rupture. In high power electric machines as well as in transmission lines, partial discharges are caused by the degradation and/or the presence of defects in the insulation. The damage caused by the partial discharges can be either thermal, mechanical or chemical and can cause progressive deterioration of the insulation and lead to catastrophic failure causing serious safety risks. In this work a Distributed Optical Fiber Sensor System (DOFS) for vibration measurements based on Sagnac interferometry is proposed. This system uses acoustic wave emission phenomena to detect and locate electric discharges in electric machines and insulated electrical cables. Two experiments were carried out evaluating the performance of the system. Electric discharges were measured firstly over a conductive board with an attached 10 m long flat-coiled optical fiber sensor and secondly, over a 1.20 m long electrical cable with an optical fiber sensor longitudinally attached to it. Results demonstrate that due to the high sensitivity of the system it is possible to detect partial discharges in both proposed experiments. This effect is observed even with a theoretical fiber optical sensing spatial resolution of approximately 50 m. This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001.

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الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::836ef98d77ca59083f00d478b6cafbafTest
https://hdl.handle.net/2454/37286Test