نتائج البحث

1

Using the Electronic Health Record to Characterize the Hepatitis C Virus Care Cascade

المؤلفون: Richard G. Roetzheim, Shannon M. Christy, Julie Rathwell, Kimberly Isaacs-Soriano, Susan T. Vadaparampil, Mark Friedman, Anna R. Giuliano, Richard R. Reich

المصدر: Public Health Rep

الوصف: Objectives Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is one of the main causes of hepatocellular carcinoma. Before initiating a multilevel HCV screening intervention, we sought to (1) describe concordance between the electronic health record (EHR) data warehouse and manual medical record review in recording aspects of HCV testing and treatment and (2) estimate the percentage of patients with chronic HCV infection who initiated and completed HCV treatment using manual medical record review. Methods We examined the medical records for 177 patients (100 randomly selected patients born during 1945-1965 without evidence of HCV testing and 77 adult patients of any birth cohort who had completed HCV testing) with a primary care or relevant specialist visit at an academic health care system in Tampa, Florida, from 2015 through 2018. We used the Cohen κ coefficient to examine the degree of concordance between the searchable data warehouse and the medical record review abstractions. Descriptive statistics characterized referral to and receipt of treatment among patients with chronic HCV infection from medical record review. Results We found generally good concordance between the data warehouse abstraction and medical record review for HCV testing data (κ ranged from 0.66 to 0.87). However, the data warehouse failed to capture data on HCV treatment variables. According to medical record review, 28 patients had chronic HCV infection; 16 patients were prescribed treatment, 14 initiated treatment, and 9 achieved and had a reported posttreatment undetected HCV viral load. Conclusions Using data warehouse data provides generally reliable HCV testing information. However, without the use of natural language processing and purposeful EHR design, manual medical record reviews will likely be required to characterize treatment initiation and completion.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::5be683845528073185e9116946057053Test
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33831316Test

2

The treatment choices and outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma in hemophilic patients with human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis C virus (HIV/HCV) coinfection due to contaminated blood products in Japan

المؤلفون: Masahiro Yamamoto, Soichiro Takahama, Tomohiko Koibuchi, Koji Sawada, Kazuhiko Hayashi, Masaaki Hidaka, Eiji Mita, Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi, Susumu Eguchi, Kunihisa Tsukada, Tomoko Uehira, Mitsuhisa Takatsuki, Tomoyuki Endo, Takeshi Hagiwara, Haruka Uemura, Motohiro Shindo, Koji Natsuda

المصدر: J Gastrointest Oncol

الوصف: BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection through unheated blood product for hemophilia caused in early 1980s has been significantly serious problem in Japan. After the development of HIV treatment in 1990s, HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been one of the most significant problem in these population. Treatment choices for HCC might be limited in hemophilia patients because of their bleeding tendency. The aim of this study was to elucidate the treatment choices and outcome of HCC in hemophilic patients coinfected with HIV/HCV due to contaminated blood products. METHODS: We asked 444 Japanese centers that specialize in treating HIV patients for participation, whether they have HIV/HCV coinfected cases with HCC, and the patient characteristics, treatments for HCC and survival after treatments were retrospectively reviewed according to each institutional medical records. RESULTS: Of 444 centers, 139 centers (31%) responded to the first query, and 8 centers (1.8%) ultimately provided 26 cases of HCC in coinfected hemophilic patients, diagnosed between December 1999 and December 2017. All 26 were male hemophilic patients, with a median age at HCC diagnosis of 49 (range, 34–73) years. Thirteen cases (50%) were HCV-RNA positive, and 14 cases (54%) had a solitary tumor. Even in the cases of Child-Pugh grade A, only 1 case underwent resection, and 18 cases (69%) did not receive the standard treatment recommended by the Japanese Society of Hepatology. CONCLUSIONS: Hemophilic HCC patients with HIV/HCV coinfection may not routinely receive standard treatment due to their bleeding tendency and several complications related to HIV/HCV coinfection.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::70b5d2ced3846937b2862071841df825Test
https://doi.org/10.21037/jgo-21-157Test

3

Poster Abstracts

المؤلفون: Caner Ercan, William Schwartz, Jonathan Swann, Andrew Shenchi Kao, Mohamed A. Mohamed Ali, Kirsten Lykkegaard, Daniel Ketelhuth, Joana Espírito Santo, Saleh Alqahtani, Anas Elgenidy, Shiqi Zhong, Harpreet Kaur, Debashis Sarker, Raja Ganesan, Jun Porto, Munira Jahan, Raad Rahmat, Kelly Yang

المصدر: Hepatology. 74:157-1288

مصطلحات موضوعية: Hepatology, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Age groups, business.industry, Maximum likelihood, Pandemic, Mixed effects, Hcv treatment, Medicine, business, Random intercept, Demography, HCV Antibody

الوصف: Background: Recent reports indicated declines in HCV testing during the first half of 2020 in the United States due to COVID-19, but it is unclear whether a longer-term impact on HCV testing and treatment initiations was observed. The objective of this study was to investigate the nationwide impact of the pandemic on HCV testing and treatment in the United States through the end of 2020. Methods: We obtained monthly state-level volumes of HCV Ab testing and HCV treatment initiation, stratified by age, spanning two years from January 2019 until December 2020 from two large national labs (Quest and LabCorp). We performed segmented regression analysis by obtaining the estimated numbers of tests and treatments for each state from a mixed effects negative binomial model with Month as the main fixed predictor, and State as a random intercept. The predicted values from the model were aggregated by calculating the sum of the predicted number of tests or treatment initiations for each month and then aggregated values were regressed on month. Maximum likelihood estimation was used. Months from 1/2019 to 2/2020 (Months 1-14 in Figure) were designated the 'pre-COVID period' and 3/2020 to 12/2020 (Months 15-24) were designated the 'COVID period'. Results: During the pre-COVID period, the monthly number of HCV antibody tests in the US remained relatively stable with slight declines (p=0.712). Between February 2020 and March 2020, the predicted number of tests dropped significantly by 33% (p=0.004;similar trend in males and females and by state). During the COVID period through the end of 2020 (compared to the month-to-month trend before the COVID period) there was a significant increase in month-to-month testing (p=0.008;Figure 1). During the pre-COVID period, HCV treatment initiations were stable, but dropped significantly from March 2020 to April 2020 by 31% (p

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::842284ddf36538b3e282be291a56ed45Test
https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.32188Test

4

Detection of hepatitis C virus among HIV patients in Port Harcourt, Rivers State

المؤلفون: Oluyinka Oladele Opaleye, Julius Kola Oloke, Glory Barinuaka Baeka

المصدر: African Health Sciences; Vol. 21 No. 3 (2021); 1010-1015

مصطلحات موضوعية: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Hepatitis C virus, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Nigeria, HIV Infections, Hepacivirus, Serology, HCV, HIV, CD4 Count, medicine.disease_cause, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Venipuncture, Coinfection, business.industry, Infant, virus diseases, General Medicine, Hepatitis C, Third generation, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, HCV Antibody, Hiv patients, Female, Port harcourt, business

الوصف: Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) a major human pathogen infecting millions of individuals worldwide, thereby in- creasing the risks for chronic liver diseases and has been discovered that HIV/HCV co-infected patients have a greater risk. Objective: To determine the prevalence of HCV infection among HIV infected people in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. Methodology: The patients were from the ages of 18 and above attending the antiretroviral clinic for over 6 months. The mean age of the participants was 36.91±8.38. Data were gotten from the 550 patients using a modified questionnaire and 5mls of blood samples were collected through venepuncture into EDTA bottles and spun at 3000rpm for 10 minutes sepa- rating the plasma from the whole blood. The CD4+ count was gotten from the patients’ file and the samples kept at -700C till analized. HCV antibody was detected using a commercially available third generation kit manufactured by Melsin Medical Co and statistical analysis was done using a Stata version 16. P value was determined using ANOVA. Result: Total number positive to the HCV antibody was 24(4.4%) of which 8(33.3%) were males, while 16(66.7%) were females. Prevalence (29.2%) was among patients in the 31–35 age range. The CD4+ count ranged from 22-864 cells/µl with a mean value of 303.08±194. Conclusion: From this study HIV/HCV co-infection occurs among HIV infected people in Port Harcourt. The CD4+ count was discovered to be low and was not age, nor gender dependent. HIV infected people should therefore be routinely screened for HCV. Keywords: Serology; HCV; HIV; CD4+ Count.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::a8d83bd7a8c6f7eddb829d8ee2298cf2Test
https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v21i3.8Test

5

Prospective cohort study of children exposed to hepatitis C virus through a pregnancy screening program

المؤلفون: Kara Chew, Maria Inês Gonzalez Solari, Ana Regina Lima Ramos, Raquel Borges Pinto, Leidy Tovar Padua, Juliana Ferraz de Correa, Breno Santos, Emma Swayze, Karin Nielsen-Saines, Mara Liane Rieck Silveira, Marineide Gonçalves de Melo, Ivete Cristina Teixeira Canti, Maristela Fiorini, Ivana Varella, Mary Catherine Cambou

المصدر: International Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol 110, Iss, Pp 62-68 (2021)
International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases

الوصف: Objectives: Porto Alegre, in south Brazil, has one of the highest hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection rates in the country (84.4 cases/100 000 in 2018). Prenatal screening of HCV, however, has not been routinely offered. Methods: A longitudinal study of pregnant women with HCV and their infants was conducted between January 2014 and December 2018. Screening for HCV antibodies was offered to all women delivering at the study tertiary institution. HCV RT-PCR was performed if the woman was seropositive. Infants were followed prospectively. Results: Among 18 953 pregnant women delivering infants during the study period, 17 810 were screened for HCV antibodies (93.9%) with 130 positive results (HCV seroprevalence 0.7%). HCV-RNA was detectable in 57/117 cases (48.7%). HCV viremia was associated with the use of injectable drugs (P = 0.03), inhaled/crack drug use (P = 0.02), having an HCV-seropositive partner, and ≥3 lifetime sexual partners (P < 0.01). Genotype 1 was most prevalent (68%) during pregnancy. Among 43 children with follow-up, six (13%) were HCV-infected (transmission rate 13.9%); 50% were infected with genotype 3. Two infants (33%) cleared their infection; the mothers had genetic polymorphisms associated with clearance. Conclusion: HCV vertical transmission was high in the study population, with HCV infection during pregnancy being vastly underdiagnosed. Public health efforts must focus on this vulnerable population for disease prevention and early treatment.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::de4ac479093b73414e458908675a29f1Test
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971221005737Test

6

Critical role of triglycerides for adiponectin levels in hepatitis C: a joint study of human and HCV core transgenic mice

المؤلفون: Li-Heng Pao, Chia-Jung Kuo, Shiang-Chi Chen, Jing-Hong Hu, Rong-Nan Chien, Ming-Yu Chang, Chun-Ming Fan, Ming-Ling Chang, Ming-Shyan Lin

المصدر: BMC Immunology, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
BMC Immunology

الوصف: Background Both hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and adiponectin are critically involved in metabolism. The reversal and associations of altering adiponectin levels after sustained virological responses (SVRs) following direct-acting antivirals (DAA) in HCV-infected patients remained elusive. Methods A joint study was conducted in a prospective cohort of 427 HCV-infected patients and a line of HCV core transgenic mice. Results Of 427, 358 had completed a course of DAA therapy and 353 had SVRs. At baseline, male sex (95% CI β: − 1.44 to − 0.417), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (− 0.025 to − 0.008), triglycerides (− 0.015 to − 0.005), and fibrosis-4 levels (0.08–0.297) were associated with adiponectin levels; BMI (0.029–0.327) and triglycerides levels (0.01–0.03) were associated with homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in HCV-infected patients. At 24-week post-therapy, in SVR patients, male sex (− 1.89 to − 0.5) and eGFR (− 0.02 to − 0.001) levels were associated with adiponectin levels, levels of BMI (0.094–0.335) and alanine transaminase (0.018–0.078) were associated with HOMA-IR; compared with baseline levels, adiponectin levels decreased (6.53 ± 2.77 vs. 5.45 ± 2.56 μg/mL, p Conclusions Triglycerides and hepatic fibrosis are associated with HCV-specific alteration of adiponectin levels, and adiponectin may affect insulin sensitivity through triglycerides during HCV infection. In DAA-treated patients, after SVR, adiponectin levels decreased and the linking function of triglycerides between adiponectin and insulin sensitivity vanished. Moreover, HCV core with hepatic steatosis might affect extrahepatic adiponectin expression through triglycerides.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::9f7423ab53ff1102f24dbd0d0dd93540Test
https://doaj.org/article/866d5561229345b593488a2f496d01c3Test

7

Nonneutralizing FVIII-specific antibody signatures in patients with hemophilia A and in healthy donors

المؤلفون: Judit Rejtő, Helmut Schweiger, Verena Berg, Christoph J. Hofbauer, Gerhard Schuster, Karl Zwiauer, Birgit M. Reipert, Cihan Ay, Clemens Feistritzer, Peter Allacher, Ingrid Pabinger

المصدر: Blood Advances. 6:946-958

الوصف: Previous studies identified nonneutralizing FVIII-specific antibodies in the circulation of severe and nonsevere hemophilia A (sHA and nsHA) patients without FVIII inhibitors and also in some healthy individuals. To gain a better understanding of the nature of these nonneutralizing antibody responses, we analyzed and compared anti-FVIII antibody signatures in 3 study cohorts: previously treated sHA as well as nsHA patients without FVIII inhibitors, and healthy donors. FVIII-binding IgM, IgG1-4, and IgA antibodies were differentiated, FVIII-specificity was assessed, and associated apparent affinity constants were determined. Our results indicate that the nonneutralizing FVIII-specific antibody response in all study cohorts is dominated by IgG1 and IgA. Prevalences, titers, and affinities of these nonneutralizing antibodies were higher in the hemophilia A cohorts than in healthy donors. Stratification for the anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody status demonstrated the presence of FVIII-specific IgA with elevated titers in sHA patients with an active or past HCV infection when compared with HCV antibody-positive nsHA patients or HCV antibody-negative patients and healthy donors. Increased titers and affinities of FVIII-specific IgG1 antibodies were observed in a considerable number of hemophilia A patients as opposed to healthy subjects independently of the patients’ anti-HCV antibody status. Overall, our findings support the hypothesis that the generation of nonneutralizing anti-FVIII antibodies in healthy individuals and in noninhibitor hemophilia A patients might be based on similar immune mechanisms. However, differences in prevalences, titers, and affinities of these antibodies indicate distinct differences in the antibody evolution between healthy individuals and patients.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::1fd72eb089b9cb36b8fc91491e17f626Test
https://doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2021005745Test

8

Potential interventions to support HCV treatment uptake among HIV co-infected people in Canada: Perceptions of patients and health care providers

المؤلفون: David Lessard, Kim Engler, Bertrand Lebouché, David Ortiz-Paredes, Marina B. Klein, Afia Amoako

المصدر: Canadian Liver Journal. 5:14-30

مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Public health, Psychological intervention, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), virus diseases, General Medicine, Hepatitis C, medicine.disease, medicine.disease_cause, DIRECT ACTING ANTIVIRALS, Men who have sex with men, Family medicine, Health care, Hcv treatment, medicine, business

الوصف: BACKGROUND: Increasing direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment uptake is key to eliminating HCV infection as a public health threat in Canada. People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C (HCV) co-infection face barriers to HCV treatment initiation. We sought to identify interventions that could support HCV treatment initiation based on patient and HCV care provider perspectives. METHODS: Eleven people living with HIV with a history of HCV infection and 12 HCV care providers were recruited for this qualitative descriptive study. Participants created ranked-ordered lists of potential interventions during nominal groups ( n = 4) and individual interviews ( n = 6). Following the nominal group technique, transcripts and intervention lists underwent thematic analysis and ranking scores were merged to create consolidated and prioritized lists from patient and provider perspectives. RESULTS: Patient participants identified a total of eight interventions. The highest-ranked interventions were multidisciplinary clinics, HCV awareness campaigns and patient education, nurse- or pharmacist-led care, peer involvement, and more and better-prepared health professionals. Provider participants identified 11 interventions. The highest-ranked were mobile outreach, DAA initiation at pharmacies, a simplified process of DAA prescription, integration of primary and specialist care, and patient-centred approaches. CONCLUSION: Participants proposed alternatives to hospital-based specialist HCV care, which require increasing capacity for nurses, pharmacists, primary care providers, and peers to have more direct roles in HCV treatment provision. They also identified the need for structural changes and educational initiatives. In addition to optimizing HCV care, these interventions might result in broader benefits for the health of HIV–HCV co-infected people.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::0ceecbdf766192e3058e77c296684078Test
https://doi.org/10.3138/canlivj-2021-0021Test

9

The Role of PCSK9 in Infectious Diseases

المؤلفون: Roberta Maria Antonello, Matteo Bassetti, Chiara Sepulcri, Laura Labate, Stefano Di Bella, Laura Magnasco, Daniele Roberto Giacobbe, Roberto Luzzati

المساهمون: Magnasco, Laura, Sepulcri, Chiara, Antonello, Roberta Maria, Di Bella, Stefano, Labate, Laura, Luzzati, Roberto, Giacobbe, Daniele Roberto, Bassetti, Matteo

المصدر: Current Medicinal Chemistry. 29:1000-1015

مصطلحات موضوعية: protozoal infection, Communicable Diseases, Biochemistry, Dengue fever, sepsis, Pathogenesis, Sepsis, Immunity, Drug Discovery, medicine, Animals, Humans, Loss function, Pharmacology, Innate immune system, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, Septic shock, Organic Chemistry, bacterial infection, COVID-19, HIV, medicine.disease, immunity, Immunity, Innate, HCV, viral infection, Immunology, Molecular Medicine, sepsi, Proprotein Convertase 9, business, Malaria

الوصف: Background: In recent years, many aspects of the physiological role of PCSK9 have been elucidated, in particular regarding its role in lipid metabolism, cardiovascular risk but also its role in innate immunity. Increasing evidence is available on the involvement of PCSK9 in the pathogenesis of viral infections, mainly HCV, as well as in the regulation of host response to bacterial infections, mainly sepsis and septic shock. Moreover, the action of PCSK9 has been investigated as a crucial step in the pathogenesis of malaria infection and disease severity. Objective: Aim of this paper is to review available published literature on the role of PCSK9 in a wide array of infectious diseases. Conclusion: Besides the ongoing investigation on PCSK9 inhibition among HIV-infected patients for the treatment of HIV- and ART-related hyperlipidemia, preclinical studies indicate how PCSK9 is involved in reducing the replication of HCV. Moreover, a protective role of PCSK9 inhibition has also been proposed against dengue and SARS-CoV-2 viral infections. Interestingly, high plasmatic PCSK9 levels have been described in patients with sepsis. Finally, a loss of function in the PCSK9-encoding gene has been reported to possibly reduce mortality in malaria infection.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::ece390081e2766f6f25026623761903aTest
https://doi.org/10.2174/0929867328666210714160343Test

10

Directly acting antivirals are safe and effective in HCV positive patients aged 80 years and older: a multicenter real-life study

المؤلفون: Arianna Dal Buono, Rossella Meli, Federica Lubrano Lobianco, Nicola Pugliese, Massimo Zuin, Alessio Aghemo, Pier Maria Battezzati, Adriano De Santis, Daniela Maggi, Alessia Giorgini, Clara Dibenedetto, Ana Lleo, Antonio Capogreco, S. Monico

المصدر: Expert Opinion on Drug Safety. 20:839-843

مصطلحات موضوعية: Liver Cirrhosis, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Genotype, Sustained Virologic Response, Hepacivirus, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, elderly, Antiviral Agents, HCV Positive, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Chronic hepatitis, Internal medicine, antiviral therapy, 80 and over, medicine, Humans, Drug Interactions, Pharmacology (medical), tolerability, hepatitis c, Retrospective Studies, Aged, 80 and over, drug interaction, business.industry, Antiviral therapy, food and beverages, General Medicine, Hepatitis C, Chronic, Drug interaction, chronic, aged, Tolerability, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Virologic response, HCV, aged, 80 and over, antiviral agents, cohort studies, drug interactions, female, follow-up studies, genotype, hepacivirus, humans, liver cirrhosis, male, retrospective studies, sustained virologic response, Female, Life study, business, Follow-Up Studies

الوصف: Background: Treatment of chronic Hepatitis C with directly acting antivirals (DAAs) can bring to sustained virologic response (SVR) in approximately 95% of patients. Efficacy and safety of DAAs in ...

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::a12f7ef9368932bd7c45d056f2dbddb0Test
https://doi.org/10.1080/14740338.2021.1921144Test

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